INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (IWRM) � �
INTRODUCTION
THE WORLD’S FRESHWATER RESOURCES Are Under Increasing Pressure. Growth In
Population And Their Related Activities, Increasing Economic Activity And
Marginalization, Social Inequity And Lack Of Poverty Alleviation Programmes , Lack
Of Pollution Control Measures, Decreasing Investment In Water Infrastructural ,
Low Efficiency Of Participation Local Communities And Stakeholders, Unmoral And
Harmful Usage Of Transboundary Water Behind Claims Sovereignty,
Misunderstanding Of Cooperation Which Leads To Dispute On Equitable And
Reasonable Use Over Shared Water, Conflicts Over The Limited Freshwater
Resource. Indeed, Water Scarcity Due To Impacts Of Climate Change And The
Global Warming, Which Often Results Negatively On Water Resources.
THE CHALLENGES Mentioned Above In A Combination
With Low Level Enabling Conditions Which Include
Policy, Financial Resources, Legal And Strategic
Planning Are Aggravated By Shortcomings In The
Management Of Water. Sectorial Approaches To
Water Resources Management Have Dominated And
Are Still Prevailing, This Leads To The Fragmented
And Uncoordinated Development And Management Of
The Resource. Moreover, Water Management Is
Usually Left To Top-Down Institutions, The
Legitimacy And Effectiveness Of Which Have
Increasingly Been Questioned. Thus, The Overall
Problem Is Caused Both By Inefficient Governance
And Increased Competition For The Finite Resource.
DEFINITION OF IWRM
IWRM Is A Process Which Promotes The Co-Ordinated Development And
Management Of Water, Land And Related Resources, In Order To Maximize The
Resultant Economic And Social Welfare In An Equitable Manner Without Compromising
The Sustainability Of Vital Ecosystems .
IWRM PRINCIPLES
Integrate Water And Environmental Management.
Create And Follow A Systems Approach.
Full Participation By All Stakeholders, Including Users And The Local Community.
Attention To The Social Dimensions. And Capacity Building.
Availability Of Information And The Capacity Usage For Anticipating Developments.
Full-Cost Pricing Complemented By Targeted Subsidies.
Reliable And Sustained Financing, Recognition That Water As An Economic Good.
Adoption Of The Best Existing Technologies And Practices.
Equitable Usage And Allocation Of Water Resources.
Central Government Support Through The Creation, Monitoring And Maintenance
Of An Enabling Environment.
IWRM IMPLEMENTATION ELEMENTS
THE IWRM Framework And Approach Recognize That Complementary Elements
Of An Effective Water Resources Management System Must Be Developed And
Strengthened Concurrently. These Complementary Elements Include.
THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT
• Policies Setting Goals For Water
Use, Protection, And Conservation
• Legislative Framework The Rules To
Follow To Achieve Policies And
Goals.
• Financing And Incentive Structures,
Allocating Financial Resources To
Meet Water Needs
THE INSTITUTIONAL ROLES
• Creating An Organizational
Framework Both Forms And
Functions.
• Institutional Capacity Building And
Developing Human Resources
THE MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS
• Water Resources Assessment Understanding Resources And Needs.
• Plans For Combining Development Options, Resource Use, And Human
Interaction.
• Demand Management Using Water More Efficiently.
• Social Change Instruments Encouraging A Water-Oriented Civil Society.
• Conflict Resolution Managing Disputes, Ensuring Sharing Of Water.
• Regulatory Instruments Allocation And Water Use Limits.
• Economic Instruments Using Value And Prices For Efficiency And Equity.
• Information Management And Exchange Improving Knowledge For Better
Water Management.
IWRM PLANNING CYCLE
The IWRM Planning Cycle Contains The Following Elements, For Transferring
The IWRM Paradigm Into Practice, The GWP 2004 Recommends An IWRM
Planning Cycle.
ESTABLISHING STATUS AND OVERALL GOALS The Urgent Water Resource Issues
Seen In A National Context. Check If International Agreements With The
Neighbours Present Potentials Or Constraints To Developing A Feasible
Management Framework.
BUILD COMMITMENT TO REFORM The Political Will Is A Prerequisite For A
Well-Functioning IWRM Framework, Consolidating A Multi-Stakeholder
Dialogue Ranks High On The List Of Priority Actions .
ANALYZE GAP Given The Present Policy And Legislation, The Institutional
Situation, The Capabilities And The Overall Goals.
PREPARE STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN Map The Road Toward Completion Of The
Framework For Water Resource Management And Development As Well As
Related Infrastructural Measures.
BUILD COMMITMENTS TO ACTIONS Adaptation Of The Action Plan At Highest
Political Levels Is Key To Any Progress, Full Stakeholder Acceptance Is
Essential For Implementation.
IMPLEMENT FRAMEWORKS Taking Plans Into Reality, Changes Have To Be Made
In The Present Structure, Building Of Capacity And Capability Also Taking Into
Account Necessary Infrastructure Development.
MONITOR AND EVALUATE PROGRES Choosing Proper Descriptive Indicators Is
Essential To Monitoring And Evaluating The Process.
A BRIEF REPORT ON
INTEGRATED
WATER
RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
(IWRM)
Shared Water Resources Development Program.
First Semester – Academic Year 2023/2024
Edited By Engineer / Hassan Elsaid Abd Elkader
Date : 21 November 2023
