© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link].

org(ISSN-2349-5162)

A SYSTEMIC STUDY ON PATHYA- APATHYA

WITH RELATION IN SPECIFIC DISEASES
DR. AKANKSHA OJHA JOSHI

Associate Professor, Department of Samhita Siddhant, Ishan Ayurved medical College Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh.

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR - Dr. Akanksha Ojha Joshi, Associate Professor, Department of Samhita Siddhant,
Ishan Ayurved medical College Greater Noida

ABSTRACT

A balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health since it plays a crucial role in sustaining life. At this time,
diet and nutrition stand alone as a complex and structured specialization. In a Western viewpoint, only dietary
elements are taken into account; nevertheless, the Ayurvedic approach is considerably different. It also addresses a
number of other factors, including the combination of food items, their quantity, cooking style, emotional impact,
consumer type, and environmental factors. Every Ayurvedic therapeutic prescription must take into account
nutrition, or pathya and Apathya Aahara. Sometimes Pathya-Apathya (dietary management) suffices as a whole
course of therapy. All medications and dietary regimens that dislodge the different doshas but do not eliminate them
from the body should be viewed as unwholesome or apathetic. Drugs' (Dravya) Apathya, unwholesomeness, or lack
thereof relies on a number of other unrelated factors, including dose, amount, time, and so forth. Even the most
aesthetically pleasing item may out to be distasteful or vice versa depending on the numerous conditioning
variables.

KEYWORDS - Pathya, Apathya, Diet, Dosha, etc.

INTRODUCTION

Prevention is preferable to treatment. In-depth discussion of Pathya-Apathya, its significance in the avoidance of
disease, the eradication of doshas, and the creation of bodily harmony is found in Ayurveda, one of the true
sciences. Pathos and indifference play a significant role in this wonderful science of life's emphasis on health
promotion and disease prevention.1

According to Ayurvedic literature, eating wholesome food is essential for maintaining a healthy body and mind. As
a result, our meals should be healthy. When discussing topics such as Dinacharya (daily regimen), Ritucharya
(seasonal regimen), etc., the wholesomeness of the food consumed is discussed. 2
JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d675
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
When a sickness is being treated, a pathya regimen and discipline are also advised. To guarantee that the
medications work as well as possible to treat an illness, it must be adhered to. Ayurveda is sometimes
misunderstood to advocate rigorous dietary restrictions. In reality, pathya and Apathya are recommended depending
on the kind and severity of the sickness; thus, it is advisable to limit behaviors that might exacerbate the diseased
condition.3

There are many different descriptions of specialized diet plans that must be adhered to on a daily basis. Even the
medications or Ritus (season)-specific Aahara (food) vihara (lifestyle) to be followed are explained.4

The pathya and Apathya to be practiced in specific rituses are outlined by taking into account environmental
conditions and drug potency. This section of pathya-Apathya is not included here because it mostly relates to
healthy individuals. Acharya Charaka lists vyadhihara, sadhana, oushada, prayaschitha, prashamana, prakruti-
sthapana, pathya, and hitam as synonyms for chikitsa. Pathya is one among them as well. The medications that are
permitted for the channels or Srotas are referred to as pathya. It is also regarded as a Chikitsa, demonstrating the
significance of the word pathya. This suggests that an illness can be eradicated by adhering to the practices of
pathya and Apathya.5

Anupana is frequently used following the delivery of medications or yoga practices. Anupana is a means of
delivering medication and serves as a catalyst for the assimilation of the yogas3. Anupana are not compiled in this
work.6

Nidana, or the etiological elements, are discussed in Ayurvedic scriptures in line with Aahara, vihara, Oushada, etc.
Nidana parivarajana is the main component of therapy. These etiological elements are all seen as contributing to
indifference. The causes of all ailments are therefore considered to be Apathya.7

TABLE NO. 1 PATHYA AND APATHYA IN RELATION TO THE DISEASE

Author Disease Pathya Apathya

Charaka8 Raktapitta Green leafy vegetables Rasa - Katu, Amla,
suchas Patola, Nimba Lavana
leaves Vetraga, Guna - Vidahi
Plaksha, Gandeera, Drava - Kaupa Jala, Madya
Kovidara, Kashmarya,
Shalmali are
considered as pathya.
They should be
boiled and fried in ghee
Charaka9 Prameha mudga yusha, green Souveeraka, tushodaka,
vegetable having tikta Maireya, Sura, Aasava,

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d676
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
rasa, old rice, Danti, Water Milk, Oil, Ghee,
Ingudi along with oil preparation made of
and Atasi prepared by Sugarcane, Curds,
Sarshapataila etc. Even Pishtanna, Amla yavagu,
Shashtika shali, Yava, Mamsa rasa of gramya,
Godhuma, Kodrava, anoopa and udaka
Adaki, Chanaka, animals.
Kulatha and Nikumba
are considered
pathya.
Charaka10 Kushta Light food, vegetables Souveeraka, tushodaka,
having tikta rasa, food Maireya, Sura, Aasava,
and ghee prepared Water Milk, Oil, Ghee,
along with purified preparation made of
Bhallakata, Triphala, Sugarcane, Curds,
Nimba, Old grains, Pishtanna, Amla yavagu,
Mamsa rasa of jangala Mamsa rasa of gramya,
animlas and birds, anoopa and udaka
Patola, Mudga, animals.
Shashtika shali, Yava,
Godhuma,
Shyamaaka and
uddalaka
Charaka11 Rajayakshma Goats milk, Mamsa rasa Aahara- Brinjal, bitter
of Jangala animals and guard, Bilva Phala,
birds, Yusha of Rajika etc.
Chanaka, Mudga, Vihara- Sexual
Makushta, Purana shali, intercourse, excessive
light food, and food exercise, anger, sleep
possessing good during day time etc.
potency, taste and smell,
Milk, Ghee
and madya( (alcohol).
Charaka12 Kshwayathu Yusha prepared out of Mamsa rasa of gramya,
Pippali kalka, Mudga Anoopa animals, Salt,
yusha prepared by Dry vegetable, Dry

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d677
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
trikatu and yavakshara, mamsa rasa, new grains,
mamsa rasa of jangala Jaggery, Rice flour,
animals, Koorma, Curd, Tila, Slimmy food,
Peacock other drugs sour item etc.
such as Suvarchala,
Grunjanaka, Patola,
Moolaka, Vetra, Nimba,
Yava and Puran
shali.
Sushrut13 Udara Mootra, Asava, Arishta, Oudaka and Anoopa
Honey,Seedhu, Sura, mamsa rasa, Shaaka,
Yusha or mamsa rasa Rice flour, Tila,drugs
prepared by having ushna, Lavana,
panchamoola decoction amla, vidahi gunas
to which Dadima rasa, should always be
ghee, and Marich is contraindicated.
added. Drinking a lot of water
Shashtika, Yava, is absolutely restricted.
Godhuma
are also considered as
pathya.
Charaka14 Arsha Raktashali, Mahashali, Indulgence in the
Kalamdan, causative factors listed
Shashtikashali is spicy food, excess
considered as pathya. driving & sitting,
constipating food stuff
etc
Vagbhata15 Grahani Takra (butter milk) Avoid such ingredients
of food and drinks which
are saline, sour, pungent,
hot, Vidahi, and heavy.
Avoid sexual intercourse
Charaka16 Pandu Water and food Shimbi, Patrashak,
prepared out of Hingu(Asofoetida),
panchamoola Masha(Vigna mungo),
Atyambupana,

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d678
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
Diwaswapna,
Dushtambu, Amla-
vidahi-virudhha anna
Charaka17 Kamala Mamsarasa of Peacock, Patrashak,
Parrot and hen, Hingu(Asofoetida),
[Link] by Masha(Vigna mungo),
dried raddish, Kulatha Shimbi,Atyambupana,
yoosha, Maatulunga Diwaswapna,
rasa along with honey, Dushtambu, Amla-
Pippali and Maricha vidahi-virudhha anna
are consumed.
Vagbhata18 Kasa Oil and other sneha Kashaya, Katu, Tikta
dravyas are best. The Rasa, Laghu, Rooksha,
foodstuffs prepared out Sheeta Ati Vyayama,
of milk, Sugarcane and Sheeta Jala
Jaggery, Curd, Mastu, Snana, Vegavidharana
Kanji and sour
fruit juices are
beneficial.
Sushruta19 Chardi Honey, Shali, Laja, Nishpaava, Masha,
Yavagu, Sarshap Shak, Dahi,
Jangala mamsa rasa Mahisha Kshira
Charaka20 Visarpa Shashtika shali Food and drinks which
Mahashali, are VidahiSleep during
Raktashali. the day time Anger,
physical exercise
Exposure to hot rays of
the sun, fire and strong
wind.
Charaka21 Ashmarijanya Food item prepared by
mutrakruchra Pistanna, Karjoor,
Shalooka, Kapitha,
Jambu, Kamala kanda,
kashaya rasa.

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d679
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
22
Sushruta Krimiroga All types of milk, mamsa
rasa, Ghee, Curds, Green
vegetables, all the drugs
possessing amla,
madhura rasa and sheeta
guna are contraindicated
Vagbhata23 Atisthoola Intake of Priyangu, Viruddhanna,
Syamaka, Yavaka, Yava, AdhyasanAnger,
Jurnahwa, Kodrava, Hunger, Fear,
Mudga, Kulatha, Exhaustion and sexual
Chakramudga, seeda of intercourse Avoid sleep
Adhaki along with during day time.
Patola and Amalaka as
food, followed by honey
water.

(Refences - Priyanka. P. Kadadi et al: A Review on Pathya Apathya in Brihatrayee with Special Reference to Drug and
Disease)

DISCUSSION

Pathya Apathya stated under certain formulations operate as anupana as well as aid in the drug's pharmacokinetics,
such as the pathya bioavailability enhancer in Amruthaprasha ghrita. Some medications are referred to as pathya;
they may function as antagonists for the primary medication, such as Shilajit, which is regarded as a potent
rasayana medication.24 However, it has certain undesirable effects when taken with medications like kulatha and
those that include vidahi and guru Aahara. Kulatha and Shilajit have opposing gunas. Pathya Apathya stated under
certain formulations operate as anupana as well as aid in the drug's pharmacokinetics, such as the pathya
bioavailability enhancer in Amruthaprasha ghrita.25 Some medications are listed as pathya; they could, for example,
function as the primary drug's antagonists. Shilajit is regarded as a potent rasayana substance. However, it has
certain undesirable effects when taken with medications like kulatha and those that include vidahi and guru Aahara.
Kulatha and Shilajit have opposing gunas. Unfavorable effects result when taking both medications at the same
time. Kulatha is thus not recommended or regarded Apathya in the treatment of Shilajit.26

Pathya Apathya in the case of particular diseases: treatments are largely ineffective at treating illnesses; only
medications are. For a better and quicker reaction, the drug should be used with a healthy diet. 27 Pathya Apathya for
particular diseases define the way by which the future aggravation of illness may be stopped. 28 In some conditions,

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d680
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
only pathya serve as medication and heal the disease, and taking Apathya AAahara in sick condition would
exacerbate the disease condition.29

Ayurveda stands for longevity and concurrent development of the quality of life till the grand old age. Pathya
Apathya for rasayana (rejuvenating) and vajeekarana (aphrodisiac). 30 Rasayana, or rejuvenation treatments, and
Vaajikarana therapies, are dealt with by one of the specialist branches of Ayurveda.31 The pathya and Apathya that
must be practiced throughout the intake of these Rasayana and Vaajeekarana yogas are listed in order to get the
desired outcomes.32

CONCLUSION

The food planning described in the old Ayurvedic literature is extremely logical and is based on certain concepts.
Diet is given a lot of consideration in terms of its processing, quality, quantity, and other factors. When addressing
this matter, careful consideration is given to the environment, psychological state, physical health, digestion, etc. of
the person. Additionally, the diet needs to be prepared for the individual's preferences, environment, and age. In
addition to helping to avoid illnesses, a healthy diet is essential for managing existing conditions. It is feasible if
one follows a diet that takes into account their tridosha, Prakruti, and Satmya as well as the Panchabhautika
composition of their food.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST -NIL

SOURCE OF SUPPORT -NONE

REFERENCES

1. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p. [Link].
2. Sarangadar. Sarangadar samhita. With Adamall’s Deepika and Kashirama’s Gudhartha Dipika commentary,
edited by parasurama shastri, Varanasi: Chaukhamba orientalia; reprint 2016, [Link]
3. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, [Link]
4. Sushrutha. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya by Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrikakhya
panjika vyakhya by Gayadasa, edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji,8th ed Varanasi: Chaukambha Krishnadas
Academy; 2013. [Link].824
5. Sushrutha. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya by Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrikakhya
panjika vyakhya by Gayadasa, edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji,8th ed Varanasi: Chaukambha Krishnadas
Academy; 2013. [Link].824

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d681
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
6. Sushrutha. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya by Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrikakhya
panjika vyakhya by Gayadasa, edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji,8th ed Varanasi: Chaukambha Krishnadas
Academy; 2013. [Link].824
7. Sushrutha. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya by Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrikakhya
panjika vyakhya by Gayadasa, edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji,8th ed Varanasi: Chaukambha Krishnadas
Academy; 2013. [Link].824
8. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p.623. Tpg:738
9. Sushrutha. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya by Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrikakhya
panjika vyakhya by Gayadasa, edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji,8th ed Varanasi: Chaukambha Krishnadas
Academy; 2013. [Link].824
10. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011,p.378. Tpg:738
11. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011,p.379. Tpg:738
12. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p.381. Tpg:738
13. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011,p.382. Tpg:738
14. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011,p.385. Tpg:738
15. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011,p.393. Tpg:738
16. Sushrutha. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya by Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrikakhya
panjika vyakhya by Gayadasa, edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji, 8th ed Varanasi: Chaukambha Krishnadas
Academy; 2013. [Link].824
17. Vaghbhatacharya, Ashtanga Hridayam with Sarvangasundhara of Arunadutta and Ayurved Rasayana of
Hemadri, collated by [Link] Moreshwar Kunte and Krishna Ramachandra Shastri Navre, Varanasi:
Chukhamba surabharathi prakashan, Reprint2010.p.927. Tpg:956.

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d682
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
18. Vaghbhatacharya, Ashtanga Hridayam with Sarvangasundhara of Arunadutta and Ayurved Rasayana of
Hemadri, collated by [Link] Moreshwar Kunte and Krishna Ramachandra Shastri Navre, Varanasi:
Chukhamba surabharathi prakashan, Reprint2010.p.929. Tpg:956.
19. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p.932. Tpg:738
20. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p.409-410. Tpg:738
21. Sushrutha. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya by Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrikakhya
panjika vyakhya by Gayadasa, edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji,8th ed Varanasi: Chaukambha Krishnadas
Academy; 2013. [Link].824
22. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p.430. Tpg:738
23. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p.441. Tpg:738
24. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011,p.446. Tpg:738
25. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya . Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011,p.454. Tpg:738
26. 39. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p.467. Tpg:738
27. Agnivesha. Charaka samhita- Agnivesha treatise refined and annoted by Charaka, redacted by Dridhabala
Ayurveda Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta, edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. Varanasi:
Chaukhamba Prakashana; reprint 2011, p.484. Tpg:738
28. Sushrutha. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya by Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrikakhya
panjika vyakhya by Gayadasa, edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji, 8th ed Varanasi: Chaukambha Krishnadas
Academy; 2013. [Link].824
29. Vaghbhatacharya, Ashtanga Hridayam with Sarvangasundhara of Arunadutta and Ayurved Rasayana of
Hemadri, collated by [Link] Moreshwar Kunte and Krishna Ramachandra Shastri Navre, Varanasi:
Chukhamba surabharathi prakashan, Reprint2010.p.701. Tpg:956.

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d683
© 2023 JETIR September 2023, Volume 10, Issue 9 [Link](ISSN-2349-5162)
30. Vaghbhatacharya, Ashtanga Hridayam with Sarvangasundhara of Arunadutta and Ayurved Rasayana of
Hemadri, collated by [Link] Moreshwar Kunte and Krishna Ramachandra Shastri Navre,Varanasi:Chukhamba
surabharathi prakashan, Reprint2010.p.464. Tpg:956.
31. Vaghbhatacharya, Ashtanga Hridayam with Sarvangasundhara of Arunadutta and Ayurved Rasayana of
Hemadri, collated by [Link] Moreshwar Kunte and Krishna Ramachandra Shastri Navre, Varanasi:
Chukhamba surabharathi prakashan, Reprint2010.p.587. Tpg:956
32. Dr [Link].: A Review on Pathya Apathya in Brihatrayee with Special Reference to Drug and
Disease ayurpub; II (4):582-595.

JETIR2309372 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) [Link] d684