A Course Based Project Report on

Simple Fire Alarm Circuit

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Completion of the Basic
Electrical and Electronics Laboratory Course

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in
Information Technology
by
GORREPATI SAI ADITYA (23071A1287)
GOUNDLA BHAVANI GOUD (23071A1288)
GUDIPATI SAI SHRESHTA (23071A1289)
GURRAM SRIVALLI (23071A1290)
JADI RAKESH (23071A1291)
JULURI SURESH SHRADHA (23071A1292)

Under the guidance of

Dr. K. SRIKANTH
Associate Professor (IT Dept.)

Department of Information Technology

VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE
Bachupally, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad
September, 2021-22 AY
 VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE
Bachupally, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad-500090
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Project Entitled “Simple Fire Alarm Circuit”

Submitted in partial fullfilment for the course of Network Analysis
Laboratory being offered for the award of B.Tech (IT) by VNRVJIET is a
result of the bonafide work carried out by GORREPATI SAI ADITYA
(23071A1287), GOUNDLA BHAVANI GOUD (23071A1288), GUDIPATI
SAI SHRESHTA (23071A1289) GURRAM SRIVALLI (23071A1290),
JADI RAKESH(23071A1291),JULURI SURESH SHRADHA
(23071A1292) during the academic year 2023-24. This work is carried out
under our supervision and has not been submitted to any other Certificate or
course.

Signature of the Faculty Signature of Head of the Department

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

An endeavor over a long period can be successful only with the advice and
support of many well wishers. We take this opportunity to express our
gratitude and appreciation to all of them.
We wish to express our profound gratitude to our honorable Principal and
HOD, IT department, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and
Technology for their constant and dedicated support towards our career
moulding and development.
With a great pleasure we express our gratitude to the internal guide K.
Srikanth, Associate Professor, Basic Electrical and Electronics (H&S) for her
timely help, constant guidance, cooperation, support and encouragement
throughout this project as it has urged us to explore many new things.
Finally, we wish to express my deep sense of gratitude and sincere thanks to
our parents, friends and all our well wishers who have technically and non-
technically contributed for the successful completion of this course based
project.
ABSTRACT

The "Simple Fire Alarm Circuit" is an efficient and cost-effective solution designed to

detect the presence of fire or smoke in a given environment and trigger an alarm to alert

occupants promptly. This circuit is especially suitable for small spaces such as homes,

offices, or workshops, where a straightforward yet reliable fire detection system is needed.

The core components of the circuit include a smoke or heat sensor, a comparator, an alarm

indicator (typically a buzzer or LED), and a power supply. The smoke or heat sensor serves

as the primary input device, detecting changes in the environment that may indicate the

presence of a fire. The sensor's output is then fed into a comparator, which compares the

signal to a predefined threshold.

When the sensor detects smoke or an increase in temperature beyond the set threshold, the

comparator activates the alarm indicator. This immediate response ensures that occupants

are alerted to the potential danger swiftly, allowing them to take necessary precautions or

evacuate the premises.

The simplicity of the circuit design makes it accessible for hobbyists and enthusiasts,

employing readily available electronic components. Additionally, the low-cost nature of

the components makes the Simple Fire Alarm Circuit an affordable solution for those

seeking basic fire detection capabilities without the need for complex features.

In summary, the Simple Fire Alarm Circuit provides a practical and accessible solution for

basic fire detection needs. Its straightforward design and low cost make it an attractive

option for individuals and small-scale applications where a reliable fire alarm system is

essential to ensure the safety of occupants and protect property.

INTRODUCTION

A fire alarm system is a critical component of any building's safety infrastructure,

providing early detection and warning in the event of a fire. The Simple Fire Alarm Circuit

presented here offers a basic yet effective solution for detecting the presence of smoke or

elevated temperatures, triggering an alarm to alert occupants and mitigate potential risks.

In today's world, where safety is a paramount concern, having a reliable and accessible fire

alarm system is essential. The Simple Fire Alarm Circuit is designed to be uncomplicated,

making it suitable for a variety of applications, including homes, small offices, or

workshops. This introduction will outline the key components and principles behind this

circuit, emphasizing its simplicity, affordability, and effectiveness in providing timely fire

detection.

A fire alarm is a critical safety device that alerts individuals of a potential fire in a building.

A simple fire alarm circuit is an easy-to-build and cost-effective solution to detect the

presence of smoke or heat. When a fire is detected, the circuit triggers an alarm, alerting

everyone to evacuate or take action immediately. This circuit is an excellent choice for

small homes, offices, and workshops where a more advanced fire alarm system is not

required.

Key Components:

Smoke or Heat Sensor:

The heart of the circuit, this sensor is responsible for detecting changes in the environment

that may indicate the presence of a fire. Smoke sensors respond to particles in the air, while

heat sensors react to elevated temperatures.

Comparator:

Acting as the decision-making element, the comparator evaluates the sensor's output and

compares it to a predefined threshold. When the sensor's signal surpasses this threshold,

the comparator triggers the alarm.

Alarm Indicator:

Typically a buzzer or LED, the alarm indicator activates when the comparator signals a

potential fire. This serves as an immediate warning to occupants.

Power Supply:

The circuit is powered by a standard power source, ensuring continuous monitoring

without interruption.

Simplicity and Affordability:

The beauty of the Simple Fire Alarm Circuit lies in its straightforward design and use of

readily available electronic components. The uncomplicated nature of the circuit makes it

accessible to individuals with basic electronics knowledge, including hobbyists and DIY

enthusiasts. Moreover, the low-cost components make it an economical solution for those

seeking a reliable fire alarm system without the need for advanced features.

Functionality:

Upon detection of smoke or elevated temperatures, the circuit rapidly responds, activating

the alarm indicator and alerting occupants to the potential danger. This immediate warning

allows individuals to take prompt action, potentially preventing injuries and minimizing

property damage.
 SIMPLE FIRE ALARM

AIM:-

To provide an early warning of fire.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:-

SNO EQUIPMENT QUANTITY

1 Bread Board 1

2 9V Battery 1

3 10K Thermistor 1

4 IC LM358 1

5 10K Preset 1

6 10K Resistor 1

7 Buzzer 1

8 Connecting Wires 12
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

PROCEDURE:

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RESULT:-