STRUCTURAL DYNAMTCS 411.07. 2089
gy Let ang four examples of dynametc pooblems tw crvel engine?
gre ® Vibvatfon developed duc to tuabtne th transmtssten
chamber of nucleas power plant. |
x Htgh atse burldengs eubsected to latezal toads euch 4
as wind. earthquake
% Vibeattone caused due to sudden explosten of |
, dynamttes . bornbs and qat cyltrdern .
explostves
Vibeattone pooduced due to the pesfexmance of
machtnes and equepments
Ps Dtettnqutsh between etatte and dynamte loade
Sdlu% a
gr static analyete Dgnarnte analqet= |
|
et ee oe ee wtth
veepect to téme fe, magnt seepect to time bey maqntted]
tnt of
_tude, dtrectton and potnt of -e,dtrectten and P
appltcatien of load does appltcatton of loads doce
not change otth teme change wrth ttme-
* Statfc equtltbetar ta yx Dgnamte equiltbyture te
applecable appltcable
& The charactestettc of motton
tn the foom of dteptacement ,
veloctty and accelezatton
pestant pawamsters|
¥ Molton does not eccur
become em)
# Dead load of eteucture + Easthquake and wend load ete,
conetdered az etatte load come under danamte toad
. aD
4 * 2 | y
leg { f Ys 4 tesa...
: | ts
tahere, wo, + Applted lead | @t=t > Perm
tein > P= Py
tets > P= Ps
POO + CRi+Re) = IF
RB & Ry —> Reacttone at
cuppoot
gt Statte equiltbotum fe Followed where , TF > Ihesta} Foxe,
‘©
* Vaztatton of
Pe)» Dynarec lead
Ri fi Ry Reetetance
|
| Tite te called p' '
le robeat',
petnctple
a) Categrotse pestodte and non- peated?c loads wrth ut,
examples and suppest your angiveme wtth graphtcal >
wepsecentatien
Selu% ¥ when a loadtng wepeats heel at equal time tig
then tt t called pestodte Lleadtng 7
simple
ER Single -foorn of pestodtc loadtng & etther a etre
(ee) costne functton ag shown tn below Fequve
* A vtbeatten etnduced due to sotattng mass tf a
peatodec motten
4% When the loads does not repeat tel? at equal
teme tntesvale , then ft t@ called non- pestodtc tead®
+ Blaet loads ard easthquake leads come under 0
peste dtc toade
& ol
oe hp
+ 6 n _ Picceler t am NM ieee
wy : ; alten9 of Wynn |
a) 7 oe
. |
oe ' | : , state and explatn the etgntftcance of D' flembext’s petnetple |
nceple of veetual deeplacement , Enengy petnetple- Lagrange |
enctple and Hamtlton theosem. |
Petnetple of vtetual dteplacement > |
qclt states that an clasttc structuoe te tr equeltbetum
under a qfven loadeng aystern th foo any veetual
dteplacernert Foor a compattble etate of defcornatton ,
he vtstual toook ts equal te the ytstual eteatn energy
% fe, tnternal toovk done t equal to extesnal teak done.
x TE can be used tf enlg ene loading & applted
— neagy petnctple &
The petnetple of energy cons:
energy & netthertcreated nm
eovatton states that on
nos'Rdeatooyed . but dor
tk can be changed from one fim to another.
+ Enevqy petnctple expsesses the velattonehtp between
etoecses , ctvatne @ defowmattone , dteplacements ,
matestal poopesttes ard exteonal effects tr the fom
of enevqy wocekdone by Entesnal and external
feoces
“+ Lagange and Hamilton theosem +
* Total enevqy © equal to sum of potenttal energy
and ktnettc energy (Te= Pe +kE e]
4 Harotlton's potnetple
of a eystern descetbed by
states that tue evolutton VC)
‘yn! genesattaed condttten
4 = (44, Va, Ia. -- Yn) between two spectite etates Gas) and Gwe Vw) and too apecttted Ltrneg ty arg ~
: a
w=
fs ae ctattonang pots of the aclfon fanctronal .
a ay vttna,
» Distengureh behoesn dtecrete and conttrucu eqeter o
gee aneioes ott sutlable examples
Sela & Discrete fe one tn whfch the deqoees of free dn,
ave countable Ce, féntte
Dfecrete sqetem fe of too typee rarely stngle
1
deqvee of freedom eystem (sD0F) and malttple de, 7
cf freedom (MDoF) system
Examples !-
fo tete
aot : $0
=
Feq: Stngle degree of Ftq- Multtple ‘degsee of
Freedom (SDoF) sqstem freedom CM Def) eyeten,
* Contfnucus system f& cne tn rohtch the deqnee +
freedom are non- countable © uncountable te;
tnfentte
Example
# Constder conttnuous elastic member te, cantileve?
beam wth gelf wetght only Thee beam has énfintte
mass potnts and need tnftnttes numbex of dap!
- nts to deaw tts deflected chape and thus has &
trfentte DoF. Systeme cotth tnftntte DoF ave calle’
conttnubus @v deetotbuted cyetems . P ae atnot
6
yew. cost
3g = poP otra
we = 0 A= stn (2) =0
>
> xe stint = 0.107
> easy at
> x= etn = 0.107
a ho m= atn(K) = 0
= = =
wt 2S x= sin) -977
wot = > zen CE)
wt
The equatton of motton of the machine of mass ‘mi! te given by
mE = - CCK -R) - KA-%s)
mit + CLE KX = CK EK a
Pssumtng Xs from eq?) nto eq™ (a), we got
mk + CH +KL = Cie, peers + KAs, Stns
mi + ch +L = (Cota, AP + CK). etn(ste-4) > ©) |
There ts a phase angle ‘6’ bho support motton § the exttttng
force vector, given by the vtght hand stde of eg” (2)
TP the colutton ts assumed as,
XG) = %..StnCat-$)
from the steady otate soletton, wT
_ so Sete Ceaye |
™ (Ca? 08) Coae
_ ey KLEF CEM)
oo ary Pah
_ Lt as
Gs
Th thts caze “Y/y,' te the ‘atte of the martmum mass
dteplacement 4) maxtmam suppat dteplacement ts known gs
the trans mteetbiltty xatto » Compute the response when the system ts subjected to x
a
in
delayed step face conrtant fince-vbrsume, thw eget
eundamped.
Solu,
: FA)
So :
Iml
oy
¥ Fay
| |
| oy
y
Fr step force means auddenly tncrease feom exo to R@L
and there after xematns constant - 4
z
wre, nw =f F tr). strt—t) at
ty
=
here FC)=f 9 xce}2t_f Rema-cw dt
te
[J
xe) = 7
~ mes
20) = -B [conte 4) — cornet) ]
*G) = & [1 corm tt) }
The factor [1~cosw(t-te)] represents the magntfreatten fly
duc to the ttme delayed step fevce The diynamrc toad facter &
deftned o¢ the sotto bls the dynamec at any ttme '+’ 4° te
etattc dreplacement -
xt) _ P%_ [1~cosvolt-ta)) oe ww)
- se = fa ate
bLF = =
Xetotte Hy
To fend the maatmum ‘espense and the’ marctmam dyoa
Coad factor , we use
dxct) _
tes
~ [etree +e). 4-¥6).'] =o
~ & (Lets), sinus te) = 0+ jo PF machtne cf mage $00kq t2 mounted on epetngs and
ts filled vtth a dashpot to damp oat vt
boatt ons. therve ave
4 spotngs each of Atlfnees
TO N/mm and tt t& found that
the amplitude ef vtbratton dimtntches fom 3.6don “to o.6feon
tn a complete sectliattons Frseumtng that the damptnq -force
vaste at the veloctly ,detesmitne the vestetance of dashpst
at att veloctty and compase the frequency of damped
vibsatton with the frequency when dashpot t# not tn operatten
Selu’/t Given,
me Ao0kq
X% = 3.e4em Kee = axnsxge? 2 0 n/m x10?
K = 7.5 Yue, = B0X107 N/m,
H = 0.c4an
= pe
S-4, 6 (%)
=A ty (384
baa SD
S204
5 - BNS
fi-3? +
R= 0.540
Ce = afm =a [350m xX100 = 36 3464. 10N-€/my
C= 3464 .40% 0. 148
= 494.90N-Sfny
= [4- 0.44a% = 0,99 ID A mase of “LEW hangs form a apatag ard makex da
esctllattone. The ttme ftw 60 eactliattems t 25 zece eh
the watt of frost to eeventh draplacement t% focrd 4,
a5. fend (ty Sttffnees of Spatng Gi) Damptng 2 tela
(ii) FP the osctllations weae catitcally damped what ty i
damptnq sestetance :
Selw7, Gtven, fy = SO = 1084 ty
meTB kg
mt y= aRty
——— ae
% SANYLAMS = 40.771 rad/zec
at oly
Seam Gy)
oe
6-2 (as)
§ = 0-453
(0.152)*-(b.1598)" = ante?
$= 0.0843
og = 19 [1-30
gotts = © ST (0.08432
w = docrr4tad/sec
(ie
toe
sm
ies
O.t74 =
=——
K = @T0.54 Nip
Se
&
Co = OMB = axt5 XK 10-014
= 464.61 N-#/n
C= 8.Co = 0.0043 x 161.61
= 3.43N-£/n yay P mass of Qkq Te supported on an teolater haveng a epett
ecale of 2940 N/m and viscous damptag. Hf the amplttade
of free vibiatte, of the mass falle to one half stl oatgtral
value tm A xeconde, deteamtne the damping coefftctent
of te teolator,
alu ~ = 38.24 rad/nee
Ce = atkm = a (aaaoxa + 164.26N-9/m
Fa 0.346
Amplttude = pest
pest 2 x,
A = 2%
soe 5
e
=a
Sx25 stn (s)
8 =o0ta
C = See = 0.018% 153.a6 = 1.84 N-s/m 13) The mase of a SDoF damped vrboating system oe 15 .
ki
a4 free osctliatten ty A4aece. When ateturbed from qt
—fum posttten. Te amplitude of vtbeatton redeices o.g5 or
Entttal value after 5 osctliattons, Determine
i) Sttfnees of spetng iy Leg. decrement cif} Damping fag
Sela’ Given ,
? $2 Bh - BR. geaig
m= T5kg Ao 44
Won = ANF HOR X4.714 = 40-7T rad /aec
K = 869.99 N/inm
6 A (% )
n a Xn
Bah es)
Cone) Co.aesf = 4292
= 0.044
14> fi sqztem of J000Kq maze te acted tepon by an externa
force of 3450N at a freqtency of s500rev/mtn. Ts redu’®
the effect, vibsalten teclatone of oubbes having slate
deftectton of amm under the machtne lead and om estixt
~ted damptng fact: o.a are cuted,
& force tranemttted 4) the found atton
Gi) amplttade of vibsatten of machine
(ii) the phase lag We ant = any 1500
eo 137 rad/eec
ke MG. sooo a,at .
Actahe axsors © 47420 NYin
© kk 9x10
ten = fk = [aan
AS = ‘Torad
= [ESE ora ae
Sune og.
west :
© To &a4ag
Ca¥ cas
f° (GoaPa ene
_ dit [ocoarce a4qaeo))®
————
i G-a.aaas+)* + (9 (0.9) (a,ageeas) )
fy 134g
2450 4, 1a8
= 0.3954
a
% (e-eP Fane
x fle, Pane)
4,498 4.438
X = 0, 4a4mm
tee ase
1-7
KO X PAF
[email protected]%
gb 213,57"
4
= 0.8193 tad Yo Pf machte of 500kKQ masz fo acted upon by Gn externa) 's
fevce of avon at a frequency of 1500 F°V/inty . To reduce
the effects of vtboatton an teclator of wubber having a
alate defame deflectton of amm ander the machtne load
and an ecttmated damptra factor $= 0/8 are used » Deteon,
f) the force tanemttted to the feandatton, and
Gi) the amplttude of vtbeatten of machtne
Sew, ANN | BXIHOO , 457.0796 md/sec
€0 60
ie 500 (464)
= 84,585 X10°N Jen
=
Detatte X10
5
toe (Eo 2 (84885 X10" | 16,035 rad/sec
2 500
we SEUDING naaes,
we To, 035
© t 1+ (assy
= = 0,254
Fo (cao) (aso
FL. = 0,3854X 8000 = 650,8N
To
X = 0.4975 mm
Sh Calculate the natural frequency for the etgstem shoan th
iq. Hieo natural perted of vibvatton Take Er = 450K nt
svin/ec
9 pocennctnccce, golu'/ kere = ax 48€T | ser
3 —
= gy 12X4000x90"
eens
3X4500 x10"
oa
a)
= Maxie
107 Wf,
Mm & Bbxto'xe . BAe
e/a gq = FOTIA TA Kg
Kk Tax 10
w= | = [UAE = 4.2ead /ece
40774218 a i
we aKf
_ 488
$ =A FOOTE Hs
4
Tet 2 t_ = 1.agece
f ome
SDA flat form a wetgliwetght 2skN te cupported by +
equal colunne uchtch ate damped to the foundatton ax well os
ty the flat ftom, Expestmertally tt has been found that a
stottc force of 45kN te applted newmalig to the feet form
educee a lateral déeplacement of B5mm. Te te eettmated
pe P
that the damptng ino damptng te tn the eeder of 5% of the
ertttcal damptnq - Find dy Undamped frequency Gi) Absolute
damptng co-efftctert Gy logaeth mtc decreament (fi) Bbselete
The number ef cycles and -the Emme requtred to reduce
the amplitude faem 3omm to 0.a5mm
Scui/, mM = SKN we ® io
= = 1a KN/am
Fy = 4.5KN Aotalte
35
Aelatte = 2-2" m= BFKID G.gy = 2854. 03 kg
$= 5%
ve 5 ais
ase. a3 "4
a4ais
an aK
oy
"
2 337 He Cox amis = ax 2654.03 % atige= 120908. 1¢ No£/,
Ce THe = COOK 4.20905, 18 = C045. a6 N/m
is
¢-
1-8?
05
fe TREO gatas
1 (0.05)
4 hi
ein
e n A
0.3146 = ttn e )
n oar
N 2 e3dng
dome requfred = 63Xxd = atsec
{8 Explain dynamte magntfreatten facter and sketch the
vaztatten of dynamte magniftcatton factor with Frequency
for typtcal value of damptng vatte
factor t¢ deftned as the watto of
the ctattc dreplacement -
sate
Sclu'%- Magntftcatten 4
teplacement te
re dynarate d
Tt te also veferred az dynamtc load “factor /
amplificatten factor. —>
MP = —
(GP + Cas
“va
AIMED gd [10994 Casey ]
de “=
we fi-as®
4
=
{O-c-ae2 y+ (a5¥ G-as)
a
= ee
(4s4+ 48_ssf
N
ob
f4e?- 4s
oS
as fie 7
Substitute vei tn eq™@, we get
<
Fe
oe aS
4
Ft —
MF & =
fe ME D> SY oO as st > wre) Obseavatfone F
cD Equatton tndtcates
peng aatto (8) and frequency ratto Cx)
that the magntftcatten factor ty
a
sfanctton of dary
(i) Fev an undamped sqetem (seo) and as s-P 4, the mr,
(itty Foo all Frequency, rattor Cx= 2h)» the magntftcetion for,
gas the damping tnerences.
dectease:
tqnt ftcant on the weaperee
a
(i) The effect of damptng te very ©
the system at © near wesonance -
(v) fs the damping increases the resonance Cthe peak value
¢
yecponse) chttts toward left of the response spectrum
= (s- ast
where, MFyax @ w= ji-as
wy) BE wea, mec
as
fs v-pa , MF=O
These are the obsesvattons on frequency ~esponge spectrum,
aay A stroply suppeoted beam of span 4m cavotes at centre
a machtne havtng a woetght cf “TOKN.The beam ts madeup
of Ie sectton having moment ef tnevtta of 92.44-x10°mmt
the motor sung at 300%pm and tls votax ts out of i
to the extent of BOON ata radtas of a50mm. What wlll be
the amplttude of steady state vtbontten, TF the eqetvalt
vtecous damping fer the sqatem te *40% of the crtltcal
Take = 200G Po
Sduy. me >
~ Me TOKN = TOXt07/g gg = “1135, 5751K9
SL= 300 zpm
e 300 K2N
yo SOOKE = 31,48 tad feee
©o
6 oi"
_ fAeeT ag xavoxsel xe xnagaries
4
k= Borexto™ Nf, Xetecte pie
k
ea a
8.016 K10!9
= a5XI0 erm
18
Bosex 19
Oe or = fee ee
Lope reef, BEAR L
& war
= Beast x nas x97. 400
see
= 13.04N
13.04 fe.016 «10%
ers
13.04 7g.016 x10°
1-045
= acta Kse mam
Kayne
0) Obtatn the reeponee and the corresponding dynainte. load
factor for d. rectangulor ph pulze force having magnttude
F and daration of the toad ta. Mse eblatn the correspon
_ding max. dynamte tead Facter
fo
© hose 1 *4 Phare 2
Constder a ease th wohtch a conetant force £5 suddenly
applted bat only duving a limcted ttme duratton ty ae
shown tn fig. apto the ttme 4, ye = & (1-coset) helde geod. q
and at that time, the dteplacement and veloctty are,
a= 4% C4 com wta)
and vy = £21 stots
fes the reeponse atter time ty, for free vtbratten , tok
as the ttttal cendtttene the dtsplacement and velectty aby
Pitter replactng {by t-ty and Yp and Ve by oy and 4
reepecttvely , we obtatn ,
y= C1 costa) cvere (t-ty) +8 storks atone 4)
which can be reduced to,
yO =F costect ta) -coewt
TF the dynamec lead factor CDLF) t deftned az the
clteplacement at any ttme *t' detded by the etalte de
Fo
kK
placem
cent Yat =
OF = t-cosmt » t.24y
DLP = cee -ty)-cormt , 4>44
Tt's ctten cenvintent to express treme as a dtmenstenlt
Parameter by etmpty stn the natural pestod enstead #
the natural Frequency.
w= OK
a
DLE = 4- cpg BNL c
cos = tit
and DIF = cos an (4-)- cosan _ tzta Pe ot
a4) Tetangelas load
Constder a ayatem represented by the undemped cectilator,
fnttiatly at vest and cubjected to a foace #CL) whtch hazan
tatitat value % and whtch decreaces ttnearty te sev0 at teme
shown th ‘fig. the response mabe competed tr {too trtenval
Pe)
tg hs
Teta, the force w gtven by,
FO =-&(a- 4)
and the mtttal cendtttens by,
Goro . WHO ee ee
- +4 .
4 fe (Ss t)>w
Inteome ef the dynamce kad facter and dtmenstenles
pavameters ,
bur = 3 = 1 cos(amty,) + stn(oYr) 4
st anta yy ta
tohtch deftnes the respense befere tme ta. Fer the second
interval Ct> td), we obtain frem eq™ a) the desplacement
and velectty ot dime ty as,
cy, = Fe (stnwta )
bd Ts C ee cogwety
costotd a )
~ fo et a
and Ve . (watneta +E =
There values may be constdered ag the mtttal condtttons
fox thte eecond tnterval
at ttme tetd
By zeplactng ‘E by (E-t4) ard qyand Vo wespecttvely by
yy and Ma and nottng that FCc)=0, tn thts trterval
4
we cbhtatn the rezponge ag ,
Fo Pecnust ~ etn (t— tary
Te Kota
oe coset
and upon dived tng by Yet < fe gives, SS
DLF = ce fetnit ~ otros Cl -ta § ~ cost
wd
Tn terme of the dtmenstanless Hme pavameter, the gp
om
equatten may be toxttten ow
. pstran ~stnan (
+ x
