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Solving Various Mathematical Equations

This document contains summaries of solving various equations using Mathematica. It begins by solving systems of linear equations, polynomial equations, trigonometric equations, and exponential equations. It then discusses using Plot, NSolve, FindRoot, and ContourPlot to analyze and solve equations graphically.

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49 views8 pages

Solving Various Mathematical Equations

This document contains summaries of solving various equations using Mathematica. It begins by solving systems of linear equations, polynomial equations, trigonometric equations, and exponential equations. It then discusses using Plot, NSolve, FindRoot, and ContourPlot to analyze and solve equations graphically.

Uploaded by

wph97nxgym
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 6 - Equations

ID: B180302069

6.1

In[ ]:= Solve[2 a + b ⩵ 5 && 7 a + b ⩵ 9]


4 17
Out[ ]= a → ,b→ 
5 5

6.2

In[ ]:= Solve[{17 + a + 4 b + c ⩵ 0, 53 + 2 a + 7 b + c ⩵ 0, 137 + 4 a + 11 b + c ⩵ 0}]


Out[ ]= {{a → - 54, b → 6, c → 13}}

6.3

In[1]:= equation = x ^ 4 - 16 x ^ 3 + 61 x ^ 2 - 22 x - 12 == 0;
Solve[equation]
Out[2]= x → 3 - 5 , x → 3 + 5 , x → 5 - 2 7 , x → 5 + 2 7 

In[3]:= NSolve[equation]
Out[3]= {{x → - 0.291503}, {x → 0.763932}, {x → 5.23607}, {x → 10.2915}}

6.4

In[ ]:= equations = {w + x + y + z == 3, 2 w + 3 x + 4 y + 5 z ⩵ 10, w - x + y - z ⩵ 4}


solution = Solve[equations, {w, x, y}]
Out[ ]= {w + x + y + z ⩵ 3, 2 w + 3 x + 4 y + 5 z ⩵ 10, w - x + y - z ⩵ 4}

1 1 1
Out[ ]= w → (5 + 4 z), x → - - z, y → 9 - 4 z
4 2 4

In[ ]:= solution /. z → 1


9 3 5
Out[ ]= w → , x → - , y → 
4 2 4

In[ ]:= solution /. z → 2


13 5 1
Out[ ]= w → , x → - , y → 
4 2 4

In[ ]:= solution /. z → 3


17 7 3
Out[ ]= w → , x → - , y → - 
4 2 4

6.5
2 [Link]

In[ ]:= NSolvex + x2 + x3 ⩵ 30, x, 20


Out[ ]= {{x → - 1.8557621138713175532 - 2.7604410593413850003 ⅈ},
{x → - 1.8557621138713175532 + 2.7604410593413850003 ⅈ}, {x → 2.7115242277426351064}}

6.6

In[ ]:= Solve2 Sin[x]2 + 1 ⩵ 3 Sin[x], Sin[x]


1
Out[ ]= Sin[x] → , {Sin[x] → 1}
2

In[9]:= Solve[2 Sin[x] ^ 2 + 1 == 3 Sin[x], x]


π
Out[9]= x → ConditionalExpression + 2 π C[1], C[1] ∈ ℤ,
6
π
x → ConditionalExpression + 2 π C[1], C[1] ∈ ℤ,
2
5π
x → ConditionalExpression + 2 π C[1], C[1] ∈ ℤ
6

In[5]:= Reduce[2 Sin[x] ^ 2 + 1 == 3 Sin[x], x]


π 5π π
Out[5]= C[1] ∈ ℤ && x ⩵ + 2 π C[1] || x ⩵ + 2 π C[1] || x ⩵ + 2 π C[1]
6 6 2

6.7

In[6]:= Solve[Exp[2 x] + Exp[x] == 3, x]


1
Out[6]= x → ConditionalExpression2 ⅈ π C[1] + Log - 1 + 13 , C[1] ∈ ℤ,
2
1
x → ConditionalExpressionⅈ π + 2 ⅈ π C[1] + Log 1 + 13 , C[1] ∈ ℤ
2

In[7]:= Reduce[Exp[2 x] + Exp[x] == 3, x]


Out[7]= C[1] ∈ ℤ &&
x ⩵ ⅈ π + 2 ⅈ π C[1] - Log[2] + Log1 + 13  || x ⩵ 2 ⅈ π C[1] - Log[2] + Log- 1 + 13 

6.8
[Link] 3

In[ ]:= f[x_] = x3 - 7 x2 + 2 x + 20;


g[x_] = x2 ;
Plot[{f[x], g[x]}, {x, - 10, 10}]

300

200

100

Out[ ]=

-10 -5 5 10

-100

-200

-300

In[ ]:= xvalues = Solve[f[x] ⩵ g[x], x];


{x, f[x]} /. xvalues // Simplify
Out[ ]= {2, 4}, 3 - 19 , 28 - 6 19 , 3 + 19 , 28 + 6 19 

In[ ]:= % // N
Out[ ]= {{2., 4.}, {- 1.3589, 1.84661}, {7.3589, 54.1534}}

6.9

In[ ]:= solution = Solve20 x7 + 32 x6 - 221 x5 - 118 x4 + 725 x3 - 18 x2 - 726 x + 252 ⩵ 0


7 2 3
Out[ ]= x → - , x → , x → , x → - 2 , x → 2 , x → - 3 , x → 3 
2 5 2

In[ ]:= Sum[solution[[k, 1, 2]], {k, 1, 7}]


8
Out[ ]= -
5

In[ ]:= Product[solution[[k, 1, 2]], {k, 1, 7}]


63
Out[ ]= -
5

6.10

In[ ]:= Solve[a x + b ⩵ c x + d, x]


-b + d
Out[ ]= x → 
a-c

In[ ]:= Reduce[a x + b ⩵ c x + d, x]


-b + d
Out[ ]= b ⩵ d && a ⩵ c || a - c ≠ 0 && x ⩵
a-c

6.11
4 [Link]

In[ ]:= f[x_] = 5 Cos[x] - 4 + x3


Plot[f[x], {x, - 3, 3}]
Out[ ]= - 4 + x3 + 5 Cos[x]
20

10

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

Out[ ]=
-10

-20

-30

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, - .5}]


Out[ ]= {x → - 0.576574}

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, 0.8}]


Out[ ]= {x → 0.797323}

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, 1, 6}]


Out[ ]= {x → 1.61805}

6.12

In[ ]:= FindRoot[Sin[x] ⩵ 2, {x, I}]


Out[ ]= {x → 1.5708 + 1.31696 ⅈ}

6.13
[Link] 5

In[ ]:= f[x_] = x + Abs[Sin[x - 1]] - 5


Plot[f[x], {x, - 10, 10}]
Out[ ]= - 5 + x + Abs[Sin[1 - x]]

-10 -5 5 10

Out[ ]=
-5

-10

-15

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, 5}]


Out[ ]= {x → 4.57764}

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, 4, 5}, WorkingPrecision → 30]


Out[ ]= {x → 4.57764001198757729525937358947}

6.14
6 [Link]

In[ ]:= g1 = Graphics[Circle[{0, 0}, 5]]


g2 = Plotx2 + x - 10, {x, - 5, 5}, DisplayFunction → Identity;
Show[g1, g2, AspectRatio → Automatic, PlotRange → {- 10, 10},
Axes → True, DisplayFunction → $DisplayFunction]

Out[ ]=

10

Out[ ]=
-4 -2 2 4

-5

-10
[Link] 7

6.15

In[ ]:=

limacon = PolarPlot[5 - 4 Cos[t], {t, 0, 2 π}];


parabola = Plotx2 , {x, - 3, 3};
Show[limacon, parabola, PlotRange → All]

2
Out[ ]=

-8 -6 -4 -2 2

-2

-4

-6

In[ ]:= FindRooty ⩵ x2 , x2 + y2 ⩵ 5 x2 + y2 - 4 x, {x, 2}, {y, 2}

In[ ]:= {x → 1.5371079567107266`, y → 2.362700870583425`}


FindRooty ⩵ x2 , x2 + y2 ⩵ 5 x2 + y2 - 4 x, {x, - 3}, {y, 6}
Out[ ]= x → - 2.4552 x → 1.53711, y → 2.3627 y → 6.02802

6.16
8 [Link]

In[ ]:= spiral = PolarPlot[θ, {θ, 0, 6 π}];


ellipse =
ContourPlot4 x2 + 9 y2 ⩵ 400, {x, - 10, 10}, {y, - 20, 20}, ContourStyle → Dashing[.02];
Show[spiral, ellipse]

10

-15 -10 -5 5 10 15
Out[ ]=

-5

-10

-15

In[ ]:= FindRootTan x2 + y2  ⩵ y / x, 4 x2 + 9 y2 ⩵ 400, {x, 4}, {y, 4}


Out[ ]= {x → 9.38786, y → 2.29668}

In[ ]:= FindRootTan x2 + y2  ⩵ y / x, 4 x2 + 9 y2 ⩵ 400, {x, - 8}, {y, 6}


Out[ ]= {x → - 8.04703, y → 3.95785}

In[ ]:= FindRootTan x2 + y2  ⩵ y / x, 4 x2 + 9 y2 ⩵ 400, {x, - 9}, {y, 2}


Out[ ]= {x → - 8.04703, y → 3.95785}

6.17

In[ ]:= FindRootx + y + z ⩵ 6, Sin[x] + Cos[y] + Tan[z] ⩵ 1,


1
Exp[x] + y + ⩵ 5, {x, 1}, {y, 2}, {z, 3}
z
Out[ ]= {x → 1.23382, y → 1.5696, z → 3.19658}

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