Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2023

Pearson Edexcel International Advanced

Subsidiary Level In Chemistry (WCH16)
Paper 01
Unit 6: Practical Skills in Chemistry II
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Summer 2023
Question Paper Log Number: P73458A
Publications Code: WCH16_01_2306_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2023
General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners

must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they
mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must
be rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than
penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not
according to their perception of where the grade boundaries
may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if
the answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also
be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is
not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide
the principles by which marks will be awarded and
exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the
mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must
be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.
Using the Mark Scheme

Examiners should look for qualities to reward rather than faults to penalise. This does
NOT mean giving credit for incorrect or inadequate answers, but it does mean
allowing candidates to be rewarded for answers showing correct application of
principles and knowledge. Examiners should therefore read carefully and consider
every response: even if it is not what is expected it may be worthy of credit.

The mark scheme gives examiners:

• an idea of the types of response expected
• how individual marks are to be awarded
• the total mark for each question
• examples of responses that should NOT receive credit.

/ means that the responses are alternatives and either answer should receive full
credit.
( ) means that a phrase/word is not essential for the award of the mark, but helps the
examiner to get the sense of the expected answer.

Phrases/words in bold indicate that the meaning of the phrase or the actual word is
essential to the answer.
ecf/TE/cq (error carried forward) means that a wrong answer given in an earlier part
of a question is used correctly in answer to a later part of the same question.

Candidates must make their meaning clear to the examiner to gain the mark. Make
sure that the answer makes sense. Do not give credit for correct words/phrases which
are put together in a meaningless manner. Answers must be in the correct context.

Quality of Written Communication

Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to:
• write legibly, with accurate use of spelling, grammar and punctuation in order to
make the meaning clear
• select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and to complex
subject matter
• organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary when
appropriate.

Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the above abilities.
Questions where QWC is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC) in the
mark scheme, but this does not preclude others.
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(i) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• green precipitate Allow solid / crystals for precipitate

Allow ppte / ppt

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• precipitate dissolves / forms a (green) solution Allow solid / crystals for precipitate
Allow ppte / ppt
Allow TE of colour from a(i)
Ignore colour of precipitate / solid

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(iii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)
-1 1-
Allow Cl , Cl
• Cl− Ignore chloride
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(b) An explanation that makes reference to the following points: (2)

• the nitric acid removes interfering anions / negative (1) Allow to remove / dissolve / destroy anions
ions

• naming of any interfering anions (1) Anions such as carbonate (CO32-)/hydrogencarbonate

or (HCO3-)
chromium(III) carbonate is not soluble so would not
produce a green solution (hence is not present) Allow chromium(III) ions are already acidic (and so
acid is not required)
Ignore hydroxide (OH-)

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(c)(i) An explanation that makes reference to the following points: (2)

• (precipitate) turns brown (1) Ignore orange

• (due to formation of) Fe3+ / iron(III) (1) Allow correct formula / complex formula
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(c)(ii) A description that makes reference to the following points: M2 is dependent on M1 or near miss (eg Ba+(aq)) (2)

• add barium ions / barium chloride (BaCl2) / barium Ignore addition of HCl / HNO3
nitrate (Ba(NO3)2) (solution) (1) Do not award sulfuric acid is added (0 overall)

• the formation of a white precipitate Allow solid / crystals / ppte / ppt (barium sulfate) for
(confirms sulfate ions) (1) precipitate

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(d) An answer that makes reference to the following point: Charge or oxidation number is required. (1)

• Ni2+ nickel(II) / nickel2+

OR
• V3+ V(III) / vanadium3+

Do not award Ni(NO3)2

(Total for Question 1 = 10 marks)

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a)(i) An explanation that makes reference to the following points: Penalise mix up of white smoke/misty fumes or (3)
combination of these words once only
(functional group)
• acyl chloride / COCl / -COCl (1) Allow acid chloride / RCOCl
Ignore -anoyl chloride
Do not award -COCl- /+COCl / O-C-Cl
(justification)
• (because it is hydrolysed by water to give misty fumes of) (1) Allow hydrochloric acid
hydrogen chloride Do not award white smoke is HCl

• which produces (a white smoke of) ammonium chloride/ (1) Do not award misty fumes are NH4Cl
NH4Cl (when in contact with ammonia)

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• use a fume cupboard / fume hood Ignore well-ventilated lab

Ignore mask
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b) An answer that makes reference to the following point: Note if two formulae given both must be correct (1)

• Allow skeletal / structural / or any combination

thereof

Allow CH3COCl

Allow

Do not award molecular formula

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(c)(i) An answer that makes reference to the following point: Accept skeletal / displayed / or any combination (1)
thereof
• suitable ion structure
COOH+ / CO2H+
Ignore position of charge

Do not award -COOH+ / COOH

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(c)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: Allow C2H5CO2H / CH3CH2CO2H (1)

• C2H5COOH / CH3CH2COOH Allow skeletal / displayed

Allow

Allow

Allow

Ignore vertical connectivity to OH group

Do not award C-HO

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(d)(i) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• ethanol Allow ethyl alcohol / ethan-1-ol

Ignore C2H5OH/CH3CH2OH
Ignore just alcohol
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(d)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following points: Mark independently (2)

• the smell of the acid masks the smell of the ester (1) Allow (esters/sample have a) sweet or fruity
smell/odour/aroma

• sodium hydrogencarbonate neutralises the acid (removing (1) Accept ‘removes’ or ‘reacts with’ for neutralises.
the smell) Accept allows ester to float (on aqueous layer)

Ignore quench or stop the reaction between X and

an alcohol
Ignore NaHCO3 reacts with ester

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(e) An answer that makes reference to the following points: Allow displayed / skeletal / structural or combination (2)
thereof

• (Product with X) CH3CONH2 / ethanamide (1) Allow ethyl amide

Ignore + NH4Cl or + HCl

• (Product with Y) C2H5COONH4 / ammonium propanoate (1) Accept inclusion of charges C2H5COO−NH4+
Ignore + H2O
(Total for Question 2 = 12 marks)
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• only the iodine concentration affects the rate Allow so only the iodine concentration changes
(significantly)
OR

so the concentrations of sulfuric acid and propanone do Allow [H+] and [CH3COCH3] do not change
not affect the rate (significantly) / (effectively) zero order (wrt [H+]
and [CH3COCH3])

Ignore just concentrations of H2SO4 and

CH3COCH3 are in excess
Ignore comments on limiting reagents

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(b) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• to stop / quench the reaction Allow neutralise/remove the (sulfuric) acid/H+

(catalyst)
Ignore slow the reaction
Do not award to remove OH-

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(c) An answer that makes reference to the following points: M2 is dependent on M1 (2)

• (indicator) starch (solution) (1)

• (colour change) blue-black/(dark)blue/black to colourless (1) Ignore colour before addition of starch
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(d)(i) Example of graph: (3)

• axes labelled correctly with units and suitable (1) Points plotted must cover at least 50% of the graph in both
scale directions

• all points plotted correctly (1) Allow ±1 small square

• best fit straight line (1) Ignore extrapolation

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(d)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• the volume of (sodium) thiosulfate / titre is (directly) Allow they are (directly) proportional
proportional to the concentration of iodine
Ignore any comments on correlation

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(d)(iii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• zero (order) / 0
and
straight line (with a negative gradient) graph Accept rate is proportional to 1/time
Accept changes to iodine concentration have no
affect on rate
Accept zero order and gradient is constant

Ignore reference to sign of gradient

NOTE: the order wrt iodine must be used in (e)(ii)
COMMENT: allow linear for straight line

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(e)(i) An answer that makes reference to the following points: (2)

• working shown on graph for two half lives (1)

• two half-lives of 7 and 8 (seconds) (1) Allow a range of 6 – 9 (seconds)

Ignore references to constant half life

Do not award minutes / min

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(e)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)
Allow r for rate
• rate = k[CH3COCH3][H+] Allow H2SO4 / acid for H+
Allow names for formulae
Accept inclusion of ‘1’ for powers
Allow TE from diii
Ignore inclusion of [I2]0
NOTE: The order wrt to iodine must be consistent
with the answer in 3(d)(iii)

Ignore state symbols even if incorrect

(Total for Question 3 = 12 marks)
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(a) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• more effective cooling because greater (surface area) Allow more quickly / more efficiently for effective
contact Allow reverse argument
Do not award reduced risk of explosion

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(b) An answer that makes reference to the following point: Accept displayed / structural / skeletal or any (1)
combination of
• suitable nitrated methyl benzoate structure
Allow the 2-nitro or the 4-nitro isomer such as

or

Allow any di-nitrated isomer

Allow any tri-nitrated isomer such as

Ignore structure of methyl 3-nitrobenzoate

Ignore water
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(c) An answer that makes reference to the following points: May be shown on diagram (3)

• no / needs filter paper (in the Buchner funnel) (1) Ignore just no solid on filter paper
Ignore just filter paper should be flat

• no / needs side arm on the flask (1) Allow needs a Buchner flask / no outlet on the flask
Ignore just not connected (to pump)
Do not award round bottom flask

• no / needs pump (to reduce the pressure) (1) Allow vacuum / Venturi tube / tap vacuum

Ignore flask should be extra thick to withstand

vacuum

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(d) A description that makes reference to the following points: (4)

• dissolve (solid) in the minimum (volume) of hot ethanol (1) Allow solvent for ethanol
Ignore warm

• (hot) (gravity) filtration to remove insoluble impurities (1)

• cool (solution) to precipitate the solid / methyl 3- (1) Allow crystallise

nitrobenzoate

• (suction) filtration to remove the soluble impurities (1) Ignore any washing comments
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(e)(i) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• difficult to separate the solid drying agent from the Allow difficult to dry a solid with another solid
product Allow would contaminate or make product impure
Ignore they are both solids
Do not award reacts with the product

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(e)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• suitable drying method such as desiccator / (warm) oven Allow use filter paper / paper towel
Allow leave (in a warm place) to dry
Ignore leave in a cool place
Do not award hot oven
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(f) Example of calculation: (3)
Method 1
• evaluation of mass of methyl benzoate (1) m = (1.08 × 4 =) 4.32 (g)

• evaluation of moles of methyl benzoate (1) n = (4.32 ÷ 136 =) 0.031765 (mol)

• evaluation of mass of methyl 3-nitrobenzoate (1) m = (0.0317647 × 181 =) 5.7494 / 5.75 (g)
and and
percentage yield % = ((3.05 ÷ 5.75) × 100 =) 53.043 / 53%

or

evaluation of moles of moles of methyl 3-nitrobenzoate n = (3.05 ÷ 181 =) 0.016851 (mol)

and and
percentage yield % = ((0.016851 ÷ 0.0317647) × 100 =) 53.043 / 53%

Accept 53.049% from keeping values in calculator

Method 2
• evaluation of mass of methyl benzoate (1) m = (1.08 × 4 =) 4.32 (g)

• evaluation of maximum mass (1) m = ((181 ÷ 136) × 4.32 =) 5.7494 / 5.75 (g)

• percentage yield (1) % = ((3.05 ÷ 5.75) × 100 =) 53.043 / 53%

Ignore SF except 1 SF

Allow TE throughout but do not allow M3 if yield is

higher than 100%
Allow 53% scores 3
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(g) An answer that makes reference to the following points: Mark independently (2)

• any melting temperature range of 4 or more degrees and

higher figure 70-79oC and lower figure no lower than 65oC (1)

• impurities make the melting temperature range lower and Ignore comments about sharp
wider (1)

(Total for Question 4 = 16 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 50 MARKS

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