MADANI QA’IDAH

Places of pronunciation for letters

The literal meaning of the word Makhraj is the point of exit. In terms of Tajweed the place where an Arabic letter is
pronounced from is called ‘Makhraj’. Various Aimmahs have different opinions regarding the number of Makharij.
ِ ‫ ر ْﲪ ُﺔ‬and majority of Aimmah, they are 17 (seventeen).
According to Imam Khaleel Bin Ahmed Faraheedi ‫اﷲ َﻠَﻴْﻪ‬ َ َ

Makhraj’s Name Letters Category Makharij

Halqee Makharij ‫ه‬،‫ء‬ Halqiyyah Letters Pronounced from the bottom part of the throat

“ ” ‫ح‬،‫ع‬ “ ” Pronounced from the middle part of the throat

“ ” ‫خ‬،‫غ‬ “ ” Pronounced from the top part of the throat

Pronounced from the root of the tongue touching the
Lisaani Makharij ‫ق‬ Lahawiyyah Letters
soft part of the palate (top of the mouth)
Pronounced from the root of the tongue touching the
“ ” ‫ك‬ “ ”
hard part of the palate (top of the mouth)
Pronounced from the middle part of the tongue
“ ” ‫ی‬،‫ش‬،‫ج‬ Shajariyyah Letters touching the middle part of the palate (top of
the mouth)
Pronounced from the sides of the tongue touching the
“ ” ‫ض‬ Haafiyah Letter
roots of the upper molars (top back teeth)
Pronounced from the edge of the tongue touching the
“ ” ‫ل‬ Tarafiyyah Letters
gums of all the top front teeth
Pronounced from the tip of the tongue touching the
“ ” ‫ن‬ “ ”
gums of the top four front teeth
Pronounced from the edge and the top part of the
“ ” ‫ر‬ “ ”
tongue touching the gums of the top four front teeth
Pronounced from the tip of the tongue touching the
“ ” ‫ت‬،‫د‬،‫ط‬ Nit’iyyah Letters
roots of the top 2 front teeth
Pronounced from the tip of the tongue touching the
“ ” ‫ث‬،‫ذ‬،‫ظ‬ Lisawiyyah Letters
inner edges of the top 2 front teeth
Pronounced from the tip of the tongue touching the
“ ” ‫س‬،‫ز‬،‫ص‬ Safeeriyah Letters
inner edges of the top 2 and bottom 2 front teeth
Pronounced from the edges of the 2 upper front teeth
Shafawi Makharij ‫ف‬ Shafawiyyah Letters
touching the inside part of the lower lip
‫ ب‬ Pronounced from the wet part of both lips,
“ ” ‫و‬،‫م‬،‫ب‬ “ ” ‫ م‬ Pronounced from the dry part of both lips, and
‫ و‬ Pronounced by the rounding of both lips
Jawfee Makhraj Maddah Letters ( ‫ ی‬، ‫ و‬، ‫)ا‬ Jawf of Dahan: i.e. empty space of the mouth
Khaysoom (i.e. nasal cavity) It is the Makhraj of Ghunnah [nasalisation]

www.dawateislami.net
 ‫َﻣ َﺪﻧِﯽ ﻗﺎ ِﻋ َﺪہ‬
MADANI QA’IDAH
Primary Qa’idah for reciting the Holy Quran
with the correct pronunciation

Presented in Urdu by
Majlis Madrasa-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami)

Translated into English by

Majlis-e-Tarajim (Dawat-e-Islami)

www.dawateislami.net
 An English translation of ‘Madani Qa’idah’


ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Copyright © 2021 Maktaba-tul-Madinah

No part of this publication may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of Maktaba-tul-Madinah.

Edition: First
th
7 Publication: Muharram-ul-Haraam, 1442 AH – (August, 2021)
Publisher: Maktaba-tul-Madinah
Quantity: 30000
ISBN: 978-969-579-687-0

SPONSORSHIP
Please feel free to contact us if you wish to sponsor the printing of a religious book or
booklet for the Isal-e-Sawab of your deceased family members.

Maktaba-tul-Madinah
Aalami Madani Markaz, Faizan-e-Madinah Mahallah Saudagran,
Purani Sabzi Mandi, Bab-ul-Madinah, Karachi, Pakistan

 Email: [email protected] | [email protected]

 Phone: +92-21-34921389-93
 Web: www.dawateislami.net | www.maktabatulmadinah.com

www.dawateislami.net
 ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ۡ ُ ۡ ّ َ ٰ َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ‫ـﻴـ ِﺪ اﻟـﻤـﺮ ﺳـﻠِـ اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ ِ ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮﺣِ ـ‬
ِ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و اﻟـﺴـ م ﻋـ ﺳ‬

Du’a for Reading the Book

Read the following Du’a (supplication) before you study a religious book or an Islamic
lesson, you will remember whatever you study, ‫ﺂءاﻟـﻠـﻪ‬ ِ
َ ‫ا ْن َﺷ‬:

ۡ ُ ۡ ‫ا َ ُ ا ۡ َ ۡ َ َ ۡ َ ِ ۡ َ َ َ َوا‬
َ ۡ ۡ َ َ َۡ َ َ َ َ َ ۡ َ َ ۡ َ َ
‫ِل وا ِ ام‬ ‫ـ ذا ا‬ ‫ر‬
Translation: O Allah ‫ ! َﻋ ّﺰ ََو َﺟ َّﻞ‬Open the doors of knowledge and wisdom for us, and have mercy on us!
O the One Who is the most Honourable and Glorious! (Al-Mustatraf, vol. 1, p. 40)

Note: Recite Salat upon the Beloved Nabi ‫ ﷺ‬once before and after the Du’a.

Madani aim
I must strive to reform myself and people of the entire world, ‫ﺂءاﻟـﻠـﻪ‬ ِ
َ ‫ا ْن َﺷ‬.

Name: _________________________________________________________

Madrasah: ______________________________________________________

Class: _________________________________________________________

Address: _______________________________________________________

___________________________ Phone number: ______________________

iii

www.dawateislami.net
 iv

www.dawateislami.net
 َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Translator’s Note
ear Islamic brothers! Dawat-e-Islami’s Majlis-e-Tarajim (Translation

D Department); a department responsible for reproducing the books and

booklets of Ameer-e-Ahl-e-Sunnat, the founder of Dawat-e-Islami ‘Allamah
Maulana Abu Bilal Muhammad Ilyas Attar Qaadiri Razavi ‫ـﺖ ﺑَـ َﺮ َﻛ ُـﺎﺗ ُـﻬ ُـﻢ اﻟ ْ َـﻌـﺎﻟِـﻴَـﻪ‬
into various languages of the world, is pleased to deliver the English version of the book
ْ ‫اﻣ‬
َ َ‫د‬

‘Madani Qa’idah’ which was presented in the Urdu language by Majlis Madrasa-tul-
Madinah to impart basic knowledge of the correct recitation of the Holy Quran.

This translation has been accomplished by the grace of Almighty Allah ‫ َﻋ ّﺰ ََو َﺟ َّﻞ‬, by the
favour of His Noble Rasool ‫ َﺻـ َّ اﻟـﻠ ُـﻪ َﻋـﻠَﻴ ْ ِﻪ َواٰﻟِـ ٖﻪ َو َﺳـﻠَّﻢ‬and the spiritual support of our great
Shaykh, the founder of Dawat-e-Islami, ‘Allamah Maulana Abu Bilal Muhammad Ilyas
Attar Qaadiri Razavi ‫ـﺖ ﺑَـ َﺮﻛَ ُـﺎﺗ ُـﻬ ُـﻢ اﻟ ْ َـﻌـﺎﻟِـﻴَـﻪ‬
ْ ‫اﻣ‬
َ َ‫د‬. If there is any shortcoming in this work, it may be
because of a human error on the part of the Translation Majlis. Therefore, if you find any
mistake(s) in it, kindly notify us in writing at the following postal or email address with
the intention of earning reward (Sawab).

Majlis-e-Tarajim (Translation Department)

Aalami Madani Markaz, Faizan-e-Madinah Mahallah Saudagran,
Purani Sabzi Mandi, Bab-ul-Madinah, Karachi, Pakistan
UAN:  +92-21-111-25-26-92 – Ext. 7213
Email:  [email protected]

www.dawateislami.net
 َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َّ َ ُ ٰ َ ّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ ‫اﻟـﺮﺣـ‬
َّ ‫اﻟـﺮ ۡﺣ ٰـﻤﻦ‬ َّ ‫ـﺴﻢ اﻟـﻠّٰـ ِﻪ‬ۡ ۡ ‫اﻟـﺮﺟ‬
َّ ‫ـﻄﻦ‬ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
‫ــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋ ۡـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ـﻴ‬‫اﻟـﺸ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ِ ‫ﻪ‬
ِ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑ‬

First read this

Yehi hay ‘aarzu ta’leem-e-Quran aam ho jaye
Tilawat kerna subh-o-sham mayra kaam ho jaye

The Holy Quran, the Word of Allah ‫ ﻋَ ّﺰ ََو َﺟ َّﻞ‬is a matchless source of guidance, knowledge
and wisdom. The Most Beloved Rasool ‫اﷲ َﻠَﻴ ْ ِﻪ َوا ٰﻟ ِ ٖﻪ َو َﺳﻠَّﻢ‬
ُ
َّ ‫ ﺻ‬said:
َ

ٗ◌
َ َ ‫َ ۡ ُ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ َ َ ا ۡ ُ ۡ ا ٰ َن َو‬

The best person amongst you is he who learnt the Holy Quran and taught it to others.
(Sahih Bukhari, Kitab Fadaail-ul-Quran, pp. 435, Hadees 5027)

‫ـﺪ ِﻟـﻠـﻪ‬
ُ ‫ـﺤ ْﻤ‬
َ ْ ‫!ا َﻟ‬
In order to spread the teachings of the Holy Quran, Dawat-e-Islami; the
movement of devotees of Prophet, for the propagation of the Holy Quran and Sunnah has
established 5,445 (Five Thousand Four Hundred and Fourty Five) Madrasahs in Pakistan
and abroad for Hifz and Naazirah, known as Madrasa-tul-Madinah. These Madrasahs
conduct classes of Hifz and Naazirah. To date, approximately 244,318 (Two Hundred
Fourty Four Thousand Three Hundred and Eighteen) Madani children are being taught
Hifz and Naazirah for free. Similarly, thousands of Madrasa-tul-Madinah classes (for
Baalighan [adult Islamic brothers]) are held in various Masajid, etc., almost daily after
Salat-ul-‘Isha. Islamic brothers learn the correct recitation of the Holy Quran,
pronouncing the Arabic letters from their correct exit points (Makharij), Du’as
(supplications), Salah and the Sunan. To date Madrasa-tul-Madinah (Baalighan) are
vi

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

being held at 32,359 (Thirty Two Thousand Three Hundred and Fifty Nine) locations in
Pakistan alone and the number of students in it aggregates to 191,558 (One Hundred
Ninety One Thousand Five Hundred and Fifty Eight). In addition, thousands of Madaris-
ul-Madinah classes (for Balighat [adult Islamic sisters]) are held almost daily within the
homes wherein the Islamic sisters learn the correct recitation of the Holy Quran,
pronouncing the Arabic letters from their correct exit points (Makharij), Du’as
(supplications), Salah and the Sunan. To date in Pakistan alone Madrasahs for Islamic
sisters are being conducted at 8,816 (Eighty Thousand Eight Hundred and Sixteen)
places, in which 62,546 (Sixty Two Thousand Five Hundred and Fourty Six) Islamic
sisters are being taught for free.

‫ـﺪ ِﻟـﻠـﻪ‬
ُ ‫ـﺤ ْﻤ‬
َ ْ ‫!ا َﻟ‬
The experienced teachers of Madrasa-tul-Madinah have compiled this Madani
Qa’idah to make learning of the Holy Quran easier. The Madani Qa’idah presents the
fundamental rules of Tajweed (pronunciation) in a simplified form as far as possible, for
both the young and elder students, so that all Madani children, Islamic brothers and
Islamic sisters may easily learn the correct recitation of the Holy Quran. Expert Qurra
(reciters of the Holy Quran) ‫ ﮐَـﺜَّـ َﺮ ُﻫ ُـﻢ اﻟـﻠـﻪ‬have carefully checked and verified the contents of
the Madani Qa’idah with regards to the rules of Tajweed.

For guidance on how to teach Madani Qa’idah, the book named ‘Rahnuma-e-Mudarriseen’
(guidance for teachers) and for teaching the Hifz and Naazirah of the Holy Quran ‘Quran
Seekhein aur Sikhaein’ (Learn and teach the Holy Quran) have also been published by
Maktaba-tul-Madinah; it contains a great deal of teaching methodology for each lesson.
‫ـﺪ ِﻟـﻠـﻪ‬
ُ ‫ـﺤ ْﻤ‬
َ ْ ‫ !ا َﻟ‬The IT Department of Dawat-e-Islami has also developed an application Madani
Qa’idah which is available for iOS and Android platforms.

As per the Madani aim set out by Ameer-e-Ahl-e-Sunnat, the founder of Dawat-e-Islami,
‘Allamah Maulana Abu Bilal Muhammad Ilyas Attar Qaadiri Razavi ‫ـﺖ ﺑَـ َﺮﻛَ ُـﺎﺗـﻬُ ُـﻢ اﻟ ْ َـﻌـﺎﻟِـﻴَـﻪ‬ْ ‫اﻣ‬
َ َ‫د‬:
‘I must strive to reform myself and people of the entire world, ‫ﺂءاﻟـﻠـﻪ‬ ِ َ
َ ‫’ا ْن َﺷ‬, may Allah ‫َ ّﺰ ََو َﺟ ّﻞ‬
‫ﻋ‬

make us act upon the pious deeds for reforming ourselves and make us travel with the

vii

www.dawateislami.net
 First Read This

Madani Qafilahs of devotees of Rasool for reforming the people of the entire world and
may Dawat-e-Islami make progress by leaps and bounds!
ۡ َۡ ّ ۡ ٰ
َ ‫ا ُ َ َ ۡ ِ َوا ٰ ِ ٖ َو‬ َ
ِ ‫ِ َ هِ ا ِ ِ ا‬ ِ‫ا‬

Majlis Madrasa-tul-Madinah (Dawat-e-Islami)

29th Zul-Hijja-til-Haraam, 1428 AH

viii

www.dawateislami.net
 ‫َﻣ َﺪﻧِﯽ ﻗﺎ ِﻋ َﺪہ‬

MADANI
QA’IDAH

ix

www.dawateislami.net
 ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ۡ ُ ۡ ّ َ ٰ َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ‫ـﻴـ ِﺪ اﻟـﻤـﺮ ﺳـﻠِـ اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ِﺑـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ ِ ِﺑـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮﺣِ ـ‬
ِ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و اﻟـﺴـ م ﻋـ ﺳ‬

Lesson Number 1: Huroof Mufridat (Individual Letters)

C There are 29 Mufridat Letters i.e. Letters in the Arabic alphabets. C Pronounce
the Mufridat Letters with the Arabic accent according to the rules of Tajweed and
Qira`at; avoiding Urdu pronunciations, for example do not pronounce them at all
as: ‘‫ﻇﻮﺋﮯ‬, ‫ﻃﻮﺋﮯ‬, ‫ﺧﮯ‬, ‫ﺣﮯ‬, ‫ﺛﮯ‬, ‫ﺗﮯ‬, ‫’ﺑﮯ‬. Instead pronounce them in the following way:
‘‫ﻇَﺎ‬, ‫ﻃَﺎ‬, ‫ﺧَﺎ‬, ‫ َﺣﺎ‬, ‫ﺛَﺎ‬, ‫ﺗَﺎ‬, ‫’ﺑَﺎ‬. C From these 29 letters, there are 7 letters that are always
pronounced with a thicker voice; these letters are called ‘Musta’liyah Letters’. These
7 letters are: ‘‫خ‬, ‫ص‬, ‫ض‬, ‫ط‬, ‫ظ‬, ‫ غ‬, ‫’ق‬. Their combination (abbreviation) is: ‘‫ﺿ ْﻐ ٍﻂ ﻗِـ ْﻆ‬ َّ ‫’ﺧ‬.
َ ‫ُﺺ‬
C Only 4 letters are pronounced from the lips: ‫ب‬, ‫ف‬, ‫م‬, ‫و‬. Apart from these letters,
do not let the lips move whilst pronouncing any other letter. C While pronouncing these
3 letters ‫ز‬, ‫س‬, ‫ ص‬a whistle-like high-pitched sound is created, that’s why these letters are
called ‘Letters of Safeeriyah’ i.e. letters producing a whistle like sound.

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 2: Huroof Murakkabat (Compound Letters)

C Two or more letters combine [join together] to form a Murakkab (Compound).
C Pronounce each of the Murakkab letters separately like Mufridat Letters.
C Make sure in this lesson also to pronounce the letters in the established manner i.e.
with the Arabic accent.
C When two or more letters are joined together in writing, their shape gets changed a
little. Usually, the head of the letter is written and the body is omitted. C Identify the
letters which are the same when in the compound form by the difference in the
number and position of the dots.

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ ‫اﻟـﺮﺣـ‬
َّ ‫اﻟـﺮ ۡﺣ ٰـﻤﻦ‬ َّ ‫ـﺴﻢ اﻟـﻠّٰـ ِﻪ‬ ۡ ۡ ‫اﻟـﺮﺟ‬
َّ ‫ـﻄﻦ‬ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
‫ــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋ ۡـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ـﻴ‬ ‫اﻟـﺸ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
ِ ‫ﻪ‬
ِ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑ‬

Lesson Number 3: Harakaat

C The plural of Harakah is ‘Harakaat’. Fathah [Zabar] , Kasrah [Zayr] and
Dammah [Paysh] are called Harakaat. Fathah [Zabar] and Dammah [Paysh]
are placed above the letter whereas Kasrah [Zayr] is placed underneath.

C The letter which has a Harakah on it is called ‘Mutaharrik[ah]’.

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

C Pronounce the Fathah [Zabar] by opening the mouth and raising the voice,
Kasrah [Zayr] by dropping the voice and Dammah [Paysh] by the
rounding of the lips.

C Pronounce the Harakaat in an Arabic accent without stretching or suddenly pausing

the voice.

C If a Harakah or Sukoon is present on an ‘‫ ’ا َﻟِﻒ‬then pronounce it as Hamzah ‘ , ’.

C If the letter ‘‫ ’را‬has a Fathah [Zabar] or Dammah [Paysh] on it pronounce it with a thick
tone. If the letter ‘‫ ’را‬has a Kasrah [Zayr] below it, pronounce it with a thin tone.

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 4
C Read this lesson Rawan (i.e. without spelling).
C Take special care in pronouncing the Harakaat correctly.
C Differentiate clearly between the letters that sound somewhat similar.

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

‫ﲑ‬
ُ ْ ‫َﻳﺎ َﺧ ِﺒ‬
To become pious and to abide by Sunnah, keep invoking it all the time.
(Masa`il-ul-Quran, p. 290)

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 5: Tanween

C Fathatayn [two Zabar] , Kasratayn [two Zayr] and Dammatayn [two Paysh]
are called ‘Tanween’. A letter which has a Tanween on it is called Munawwan.

C In fact Tanween is a ‘Noon Saakinah’ that is at the end of the word; this is why
Tanween sounds like a ‘Noon Saakinah’, e.g. ‘  ‫ا َْن‬, ‫ن‬
ْ ِ ‫ا‬,  ‫’ا ُْن‬

C Spell out the examples of Tanween as follows: ْ ‫ َﻣ‬,

 ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬two Zabar [Fathatayn] ‫ﻦ‬

ْ ‫ﻣ‬,
 ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬two Zayr [Kasratayn] ‫ِﻦ‬ ْ ‫ ُﻣ‬
 ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬two Paysh [Dammatayn] ‫ﻦ‬ , ,

C Sometimes ‘‫ ’ا‬or ‘‫ ’ی‬is shown after two Zabar [Fathatayn], do not pronounce it
during spelling.

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

10

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 6
C Read this lesson both ways i.e. Rawan (without spelling) as well as Hijjay (with spelling).

C Take special care in correctly pronouncing Harakaat, Tanween and all the letters;
especially the Huroof of Musta’liyah.

C Do Hijjay in this way:  ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Fathah [Zabar] , ‫ َﻵم‬Kasrah [Zayr] ‫ل‬

ِ  ,

‫ ﲝۤف‬Dammatayn [two Paysh]  .

11

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ۡ ُ ۡ ّ َ ٰ َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و اﻟـﺴـ م ﻋـ ﺳ‬
ِ ‫ـﻴـ ِﺪ اﻟـﻤـﺮ ﺳـﻠِـ اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ِﺑـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ ِ ِﺑـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮﺣِ ـ‬

Lesson Number 7
The Letters of Maddah
C This sign is called Sukoon [Jazm]. A letter which has a Sukoon [Jazm] on it is
called Saakin[ah] (silent letter).
C The Saakinah letter is read with the Mutaharrikah letter coming before it.
C ْ ‫ا َﻟ‬, ‫ َوآو‬, ‫ﻳَﺎ‬
There are three letters of Maddah; they are: ‫ِﻒ‬

C When there is a Fathah [Zabar] before an ‫ا َﻟ ِْﻒ‬, it becomes ‘‫ِﻒ‬

ْ ‫ ا َﻟ‬Maddah’
e.g. ‫ﺑَﺎ‬. When there is a Dammah [Paysh] before a ‫ َوآو‬Saakinah (‫) ْو‬, it becomes
‘‫ َوآو‬Maddah e.g. . When there is a Kasrah [Zayr] before a ‫ ﻳَﺎ‬Saakinah (‫ی‬
ْ ), it
becomes ‘‫ َﻳﺎ‬Maddah e.g. .

C ْ ‫ ا َﻟ‬i.e. up to two
Pronounce the letters of Maddah by stretching them up to one ‫ِﻒ‬
Harakaat.
C Spell out as: ْ ‫ ا َﻟ‬Fathah [Zabar]
 ‫ِﻒ َﺑﺎ‬ ,  ‫ َوآو َﺑﺎ‬Dammah [Paysh] ,
 ‫ َﻳﺎ َﺑﺎ‬Kasrah [Zayr]  , , .
12

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

13

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 8
Vertical [Khari] Harakaat

C Vertical Fathah [Khara Zabar] , Vertical Kasrah [Khari Zayr] and Inverted
Dammah [Ulta Paysh] are called Vertical [Khari] Harakaat.

C The Vertical [Khari] Harakaat are the same as the letters of Maddah. So pronounce
the Vertical [Khari] Harakaat by stretching them up to one ‫ ا َﻟ ِْﻒ‬i.e. up to two
Harakaat, like the letters of Maddah.

C In this lesson, differentiate clearly between the letters that sound somewhat similar.

14

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

15

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 9
The Letters of Leen

C There are two letters of Leen: ‘‫ ’ َوآو‬and ‘‫’ﻳَﺎ‬

C When there is a Fathah [Zabar] before a ‫ َوآو‬Saakinah, it becomes ‘‫ َوآو‬Leen’ e.g. .

When there is a Fathah [Zabar] before a ‫ ﻳَﺎ‬Saakinah, then it becomes ‘‫ ﻳَﺎ‬Leen’ e.g. .

C Pronounce the letters of Leen gently in an Arabic accent without any stretching or
sudden pausing.

C Spell out in this way:  ‫ َوآو َﺑﺎ‬Fathah [Zabar] ,  ‫ َﻳﺎ َﺑﺎ‬Fathah [Zabar]
 , .
16

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

17

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 10
C Read this lesson both ways i.e. Rawan (without spelling) as well as with Hijjay (with
spelling).
C This lesson comprises all the previous lessons i.e. Harakaat, Tanween, the Letters of
Maddah, Vertical [Khari] Harakaat and the Letters of Leen.
C Apply all the rules, practise the recognition of letters thoroughly and spell them out
correctly; especially Huroof Musta’liyah.
C Whilst doing Hijjay, join every letter to the letter coming before. For example,
do Hijjay of the word as follows  ‫ َوآو ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Fathah [Zabar] , ‫ﺿﺂد‬
َ ‫َوآو‬
Dammah [Paysh]  , ‫ َﻋ ْٓﲔ‬Fathah [Zabar] َ‫ ع‬ , ‫ َﺗﺎ‬Dammatayn
[two Paysh] ٌ‫ ة‬ .

18

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

19

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 11
Sukoon (Jazm)
C As you have already learnt, this sign is called Sukoon [Jazm], a letter which has
a Sukoon [Jazm] on it is called Saakin[ah] (silent letter).
C The letter which has a Sukoon [Jazm] is pronounced with the Mutaharrikah letter
coming before it.
C Always pronounce Hamzah Saakinah ( , ) with a sudden pause.

C There are five Letters of Qalqalah ‫ق‬, ‫ط‬, ‫ب‬, ‫ ج‬, ‫ ;د‬their combination is ‫ﺐ َﺟ ّ ٍﺪ‬
ُ ‫ﻗ ُُـﻄ‬.
C The meaning of Qalqalah is movement, there should be some movement in the Makharij
[exiting point(s)] when pronouncing these letters such that the sound echoes.
C When the Letters of Qalqalah are Saakinah, Qalqalah should be more clear.
C In this lesson, take special care in correctly pronouncing the Letters of Qalqalah and
Hamzah Saakinah; distinguishing clearly between the letters that sound somewhat similar.
20

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

21

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

Zayr is not
used before
‘‫’وآو‬
َ Saakin

Paysh is not
used before
‘‫ ’ﻳَﺎ‬Saakin

EXERCISE

22

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

23

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 12
‫ ﻧُ ۡ ٓﻮن‬Saakinah and Tanween (Izhar, Ikhfa)
ۡ
There are four cases of ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﻮ‬ ‫اِﻇ ﺎر‬ ‫اِﺧﻔﺎء‬
C ۡ ٓ ۡ ُ Saakinah and Tanween: (1) ْ َ ْ (Izhar) (2) ۡ َ ۡ (Ikhfa)
ۡ ‫( اِﻗۡ َﻼ‬Iqlaab).
(3) ‫( ا ِۡدﻏ َ ۡﺎم‬Idgham) (4) ‫ب‬

1. Izhar: If any Halqiyyah letter comes after a ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﻮ‬

ۡ ٓ ۡ ُ Saakinah or Tanween, then
Izhar will be done i.e. Ghunnah [nasalisation] will not be done when
pronouncing such a ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﻮ‬
ۡ ٓ ۡ ُ Saakinah and Tanween. There are 6 Halqiyyah letters
and they are: ‫ء‬, ‫ھ‬, ‫ ع‬, ‫ ح‬, ‫ غ‬and ‫خ‬.

2. Ikhfa: If any Ikhfa letter comes after a ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﻮ‬

ۡ ٓ ۡ ُ Saakinah or Tanween, then Ikhfa
will be done i.e. Ghunnah [nasalisation] will be done when pronouncing
such a ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﻮ‬
ۡ ٓ ۡ ُ Saakinah and Tanween. There are 15 Ikhfa letters and they are:
‫ت‬, ‫ث‬, ‫ج‬, ‫د‬, ‫ذ‬, ‫ز‬, ‫س‬, ‫ش‬, ‫ص‬, ‫ض‬, ‫ط‬, ‫ظ‬, ‫ف‬, ‫ق‬, ‫ك‬.

Note: The rules of Idgham and Iqlaab have been explained in Lesson no. 14.

24

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

25

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

26

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 13: Tashdeed

C The w-shaped sign is called ‘Tashdeed’. A letter which has a Tashdeed sign on
it is called ‘Mushaddadah’.

C Pronounce the Mushaddadah letter twice; first by joining it with the Mutaharrikah
letter before and then by its own Harakah with a slight pause [holding down slightly].

Ghunnah should always be done whilst pronouncing ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧ‬

C ۡ ‫( ُ ۡ ٓﻮ‬Noon) Mushaddadah
and ‫( ﻣِﻴۡ ٓ ۡﻢ‬Meem) Mushaddadah. Ghunnah means taking the sound into the nose i.e.
nasalisation. The duration of Ghunnah should be equal to one ‫ا َﻟ ِْﻒ‬.

C When the letters of Qalqalah are Mushaddadah, pronounce them with emphasis.

C If the first letter is Mutaharrikah, second Saakinah and third Mushaddadah, then in
most (not all) cases the Saakinah letter is not pronounced but the Mutaharrikah
27

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

letter is pronounced by joining it with the Mushaddadah letter, e.g. ‫ َﻋ َﺒ ْﺪﺗُّ ْﻢ‬will be
pronounced as ‫ َ َ ُّﺘ ْﻢ‬.

C In addition to practising Tashdeed in this lesson, distinguish clearly between the

letters that sound somewhat similar.

28

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

29

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

30

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 14
‫ ﻧُ ۡ ٓﻮن‬Saakinah and Tanween (Idgham, Iqlaab)
ۡ
3. Idgham: There will be Idgham when a letter of Yarmaloon (‫ ) َﻳ ْﺮ َﻣﻠ ُ ْﻮن‬comes after a
‫ن‬ ‫ﻧ‬
ۡ ‫ ُ ۡ ٓﻮ‬Saakin or Tanween. In the case of ‘‫ ’ر‬and ‘‫ ’ل‬Idgham will be done without
Ghunnah and in the case of the other 4 letters, Idgham will be done with
Ghunnah. There are six Letters of Yarmaloon and they are: ‫ی‬, ‫ر‬, ‫م‬, ‫ل‬, ‫ و‬and ‫ن‬.

4. Iqlaab: If the letter ‘‫ ’ب‬is present after ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧ‬

ۡ ‫ ُ ۡ ٓﻮ‬Saakinah or Tanween, then there will
‫ﻧ‬
be Iqlaab i.e. change the ‫ن‬ۡ ‫ ُ ۡ ٓﻮ‬Saakinah or Tanween into a ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬and do Ghunnah
i.e. pronounce with nasalisation.

C Spell out Idgham as follows. For example:  ‫ ﻳَﺎ ﻧُ ْٓﻮن ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Fathah [Zabar]
, ‫ ﻳَﺎ‬Fathah [Zabar] ‫ی‬
َ  , ‫ َوآو ﻗَﺂف‬Dammah [Paysh]  ,
‫ َﻵم‬Dammah [Paysh] ‫ ُل‬ .

C Spell out Iqlaab as follows. For example:  ‫ ﻧُ ْٓﻮن ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Kasrah [Zayr] ,

‫ َﻋ ْٓﲔ َﺑﺎ‬Fathah [Zabar]  , ‫ دَآل‬Kasrah [Zayr] ‫ ِد‬ .

31

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

‫َﻳﺎ َ ِﻠ ْﻴ ُﻢ‬
Invoke it 21 times (recite Salat upon the Holy Nabi once before and
after the invocation), blow on water and drink it (or make somebody else drink it)
before breakfast for 40 days, the memory (of the one who drinks this water) will be
strengthened, . (Shajarah ‘A ttariyyah, p. 46)

32

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 15

The Cases of ‫ ﻣِﻴٓﻢ‬Saakinah

ۡ
C There are three cases of ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Saakinah: (1) Idgham-e-Shafawi (2) Ikhfa-e-Shafawi
(3) Izhar-e-Shafawi.

1. Idgham-e-Shafawi: When after a ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Saakinah, another ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬comes, Idgham-e-

Shafawi is done within the ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Saakinah i.e. Ghunnah is done.

2. Ikhfa-e-Shafawi: If a ‘‫ ’ب‬comes after a ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Saakinah, Ikhfa-e-Shafawi is done

within the ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Saakinah i.e. Ghunnah is done.

3. Izhar-e-Shafawi: If any letter other than ‘‫ ’ب‬or ‘‫ ’م‬comes after a ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Saakinah,

Izhar-e-Shafawi is done within the ‫ ِﻣ ٓﻴْﻢ‬Saakinah i.e. Ghunnah is not done.

33

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ ‫اﻟـﺮﺣـ‬
َّ ‫اﻟـﺮ ۡﺣـ ٰﻤﻦ‬ َّ ‫ـﺴﻢ اﻟـﻠّٰـ ِﻪ‬ ۡ ۡ ‫اﻟـﺮﺟ‬
َّ ‫ـﻄﻦ‬ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
‫ــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋ ۡـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ـﻴ‬ ‫اﻟـﺸ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
ِ ‫ﻪ‬
ِ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑ‬

Lesson Number 16
Tafkheem and Tarqeeq
C The meaning of Tafkheem is to pronounce the letter in a thick tone, and Tarqeeq is
to pronounce the letter in a thin tone.

C ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬, ‫َﻵم‬and ‫ َرا‬are sometimes pronounced in a thick tone and sometimes in a

thin tone.

C ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬  ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬will be pronounced in thick tone if it is preceded by a letter that is

pronounced in thick tone and it will be pronounced in thin tone when preceded by a
letter that is pronounced in thin tone.

C ‫َﻵم‬  If the letter before the ‫ َﻵم‬of Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬has a Fathah [Zabar] or
Dammah [Paysh] on it, then the ‫ َﻵم‬of Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬will be pronounced in a
thick tone and if the letter before the ‫ َﻵم‬of Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬has a Kasrah [Zayr]
below it, then the ‫ َﻵم‬of Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬will be pronounced in a thin tone.

34

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

C Every ‫ َﻵم‬other than the ‫ َﻵم‬of Ism-e-Jalalat ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬will be pronounced in a thin tone.

C The conditions for when the letter ‘‫ ’ َرا‬is pronounced in a thick tone:

a) When it has a Fathah [Zabar] or Dammah [Paysh] on it

b) When it has Fathatayn [two Zabar] or Dammatayn [two Paysh] on it
c) When it has a Vertical Fathah [Khari Zabar]
d) When the letter before a ‘‫ ’ َرا‬Saakinah has a Fathah [Zabar] or Dammah [Paysh]

e) When there is a Kasrah ‘Aridiyyah [Temporary Zayr] before a ‘‫ ’ َرا‬Saakinah

f) When there is a Kasrah [Zayr] before a ‘‫ ’ َرا‬Saakinah in the preceding word

g) When a Letter of Musta’liyah comes after a ‘‫ ’ َرا‬Saakinah in the same word.

C The conditions for when the letter ‘‫ ’ َرا‬is pronounced in a thin tone:

a) When there is a Kasrah [Zayr] or Kasratayn [Two Zayr] below it

b) When there is an Asli Kasrah (Original Zayr) before a ‘‫ ’ َرا‬Saakinah in the same word

c) When there is a ‘‫ ’ َﻳﺎ‬Saakinah before a ‘‫ ’ َرا‬Saakinah.

C Harakah ‘Aridiyyah [Temporary]: In the Holy Quran, there are some words which
begin with the letter ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬which has no Harakah, so whichever Harakah one will
apply to such an ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬during its pronunciation, will be ‘Aridiyyah [temporary] e.g. in
the word ‘ ’ the Kasrah [Zayr] is ‘Aridiyyah [temporary].

Note: ‘‫ ’ َرا‬Saakinah will be pronounced in a thick tone when, in the same word, the letter
coming before it has a Kasrah Asliyyah [Original Zayr] below it and the letter coming
after it is a Musta’liyah letter e.g. ‘‫’ﻣ ِْﺮ َﺻﺎ ٍد‬.

35

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

36

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 17: Maddaat

C The meaning of Madd is to stretch. There are two reasons for Madd: (1) Hamzah
(2) Sukoon .

C There are 6 types of Madd: (1) Madd Muttasil, (2) Madd Munfasil, (3) Madd Lazim,
(4) Madd Leen-Lazim, (5) Madd ‘Aarid (6) Madd Leen-‘Aarid.

1. Madd Muttasil: If a Hamzah comes after letters of Maddah in the same word,
then it will be Madd Muttasil (attached) e.g. .

2. Madd Munfasil (without Tashdeed): If a Hamzah comes after a letter of Maddah

in the next word, then it will be Madd Munfasil (separate) e.g. . Whilst
pronouncing Madd Muttasil and Madd Munfasil (without Tashdeed), stretch up
to 2, 2.5 ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬i.e. 4 or 5 Harakaat.

3. Madd Lazim: If a Sukoon Asli , comes after the letters of Maddah, then
it will be Madd Lazim e.g. .

4. Madd Leen-Lazim: If a Sukoon Asli comes after the letters of Leen, then it
will be Madd Leen-Lazim e.g. . Whilst pronouncing Madd Lazim and Madd
Leen-Lazim, stretch up to “3” ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬i.e. 6 Harakaat.

5. Madd ‘Aarid: If a Sukoon ‘Aaridi [temporary] [i.e. a letter becomes Saakin

because of Waqf (pause)] comes after the letters of Maddah, then it will be
Madd ‘Aarid e.g. .
37

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

6. Madd Leen-‘Aarid: If a Sukoon ‘Aaridi [temporary] [i.e. a letter becomes Saakin

because of Waqf (pause)] is found after the letters of Leen, then it will be Madd
Leen-‘Aarid e.g. .

C When pronouncing Madd ‘Aarid and Madd Leen-‘Aarid, stretch up to 3 ‫ اَﻟِﻒ‬i.e. 6 Harakaat.

C Spell out the Maddaat as follows:  ‫ ﻳَﺎ ِﺟ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Kasrah [Zayr] , ‫ َﻫ ْﻤ َﺰہ‬Fathah

[Zabar]  . َ ‫ َﻵم ا َﻟِﻒ‬Fathah [Zabar]

 ‫ﺿﺂد‬ , ‫ َﻵم‬Two Zabar

[Fathatayn] ‫ ًﻻ‬ .

38

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 18: Muqatta’at Letters

C Muqatta’at Letters are found at the start of some Surahs (chapters) of the Holy Quran.

C Pronounce these letters individually in such a way that the Maddaat are stretched
properly and also do nasalisation (Ghunnah) when Ikhfa and Idgham occur.

C There are 2 ways to recite ُ ّٰ‫ٓـﻢ ۝ اﻟﻠ‬

ّٓ ‫اﻟ‬: (1) Wasl (Joining) ُ ّٰ‫ ا َﻟ ِْﻒ َﻵ ْم ِّﻣ ْﻴ َﻢ اﻟﻠ‬and
(2) Waqf (Pausing) ُ ّٰ‫ِﻒ َﻵ ْم ِّﻣـ ْٓﻴ ْﻢ ۝ ا َﻟﻠ‬
ْ ‫ا َ ﻟ‬.

39

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ۡ ُ ۡ ّ َ ٰ َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و اﻟـﺴـ م ﻋـ ﺳـ ِﻴـ ِﺪ اﻟـﻤـﺮ ﺳـﻠِـ اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ِﺑـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ ِ ِﺑـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮﺣِ ـ‬

Lesson Number 19: Za`id (Additional) ‫)ا ۡ( ا َﻟ ِﻒ‬

C In some places of the Holy Quran, there is a circle sign shown as ‘o’ on an ‫;ا َﻟِﻒ‬
this type of ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬is called a ‘Za`id (additional) ‫’ا َﻟِﻒ‬. The detailed rulings regarding
pronouncing or not pronouncing this ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬are as follows:

1. In the six words mentioned below, do not pronounce the ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬which has the ‘o’ sign
on it in the case of Wasl (continuing without pause) but pronounce it when making
Waqf (Pause).

1st
At every place Ad-Dahr: 15 Al-Ahzaab: 67 Al-Ahzaab: 66 Al-Ahzaab: 10 Al-Kahf: 38

2. During Waqf (pausing), it is permissible to either pronounce or not, the extra ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬in
the word ‘ۡ ‫ ’ َﺳﻠ ٰ ِﺴ َﻼ‬of the Holy Quran (Part 29, Surah Ad-Dahr, Ayah 4); but in Wasl (joining),
the extra ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬will not be pronounced.

3. The extra ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬in all of these words will neither be pronounced in terms of Wasl
(joining) and nor in Waqf (pausing).

As-Saffaat: 68 Aal-e-‘Imran: 158 Al-Ambiya: 34 Aal-e-‘Imran: 144

At-Taubah: 47 Al-Ma`idah: 29 At every place Al-Kahf: 23

40

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

Yunus: 83 Al-An’aam: 34 Al-Hashr: 13 An-Naml: 21

Al-‘Ankaboot: 38; Hood: 68

Ar-Room: 39 Al-Kahf: 14 Ar-Ra’d: 30 Al-Furqan: 38; An-Najm: 51

2nd Ad-Dahr: 16 Muhammad: 31 Muhammad: 4

4. There is no extra ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬in the word ‘‫ ’ا َﻧَﺎ‬of the following Kalimat, therefore, these ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬will
be pronounced.

Ar-Ra’d: 27; Luqman: 15 Ar-Rahman: 10 Az-Zumar: 17 Al-Furqan: 49 Aal-e-‘Imran: 119

ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ۡ ُ ۡ ّ َ ٰ َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ‫ـﻴـ ِﺪ اﻟـﻤـﺮ ﺳـﻠِـ اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ ِ ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮﺣِ ـ‬
ِ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و اﻟـﺴـ م ﻋـ ﺳ‬

Lesson Number 20: Miscellaneous Rules

C Izhar-e-Mutlaq: In the following four words, a Yarmaloon letter is present after the
‫ ُﻧـ ْٓﻮن‬Saakin in the same word. Idgham will not be done in these cases, instead Izhar-e-
Mutlaq will be done. Therefore, do not do Ghunnah (nasalisation) in these four words.

C Saktah: To stop the sound and then to continue reading ahead holding the same
breath is called Saktah, i.e. only the sound should stop whilst holding the breath.
Saktah is Wajib (necessary) in the following four cases. The rule of Saktah is that the
Mutaharrikah letter is to be read as Saakin and Two Zabar [Fathatayn] be changed to
an ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬and read accordingly.
41

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

Al-Kahf: 1 Yaseen: 52 Al-Mutaffifeen: 14 Al-Qiyamah: 27

C ‫ص‬
ۜ  In the Holy Quran, there are four words which contain the letter ‫ َﺻﺂد‬, but
a thin ‫ ِﺳ ْﲔ‬is also written on the ‫;ﺻﺂد‬
َ details for pronouncing these are as follows: In
(1) and (2) only pronounce ‫س‬, in (3) it is permissible to either pronounce ‫ ص‬or ‫س‬
and in (4) only pronounce ‫ص‬.

4 3 2 1

Al-Ghaashiyah: 22 At-Toor: 37 Al-A’raf: 69 Al-Baqarah: 245

C Tasheel [‫]ﺗ َﺴ ِﮩﯿﻞ‬: The meaning of Tasheel is to make soft i.e. pronounce the second
Hamzah softly. In the Holy Quran, there is only one word where Tasheel is Wajib.

C Imalah: To incline the sound of Fathah [Zabar] towards Kasrah [Zayr] and the
sound of ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬towards ‫ َﻳﺎ‬is called Imalah. The ‘‫ ’ َرا‬of Imalah is pronounced ‘‫’ َرے‬
instead of ‘‫’ ِری‬.

C Spell out Imalah as follows: ‫ ِﺟ ْﻴٓﻢ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Fathah [Zabar] ْ‫ﻣَﺞ‬, ‫ َرا‬of Imalah ‫ َرے‬ ‫ َﻣ ْﺠ ٖﺮ‬,
‫ ا َﻟِﻒ َﻫﺎ‬Fathah [Zabar] ‫ َﻫﺎ‬ ‫ َﻣ ْﺠ ٖﺮ َﻫﺎ‬.

C ِ ‫ ﺑِ ْ َﺲ‬ In this part of the Quranic Ayah, neither pronounce the ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬
ُ‫اﻻ ْﺳ ُﻢ اﻟْﻔ ُُﺴ ْﻮق‬
before the ‫ َﻵم‬nor the ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬after it, instead pronounce the ‫ َﻵم‬with a Kasrah [Zayr].

42

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

Imalah Tasheel

Al-Hujurat: 11 Hood: 41 Ha-Meem As-Sajdah: 44

ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ۡ ُ ۡ ّ َ ٰ َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و اﻟـﺴـ م ﻋـ ﺳ‬
ِ ‫ـﻴـ ِﺪ اﻟـﻤـﺮ ﺳـﻠِـ اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ ِ ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮﺣِ ـ‬

Lesson Number 21: Waqf [Pause]

C Waqf: The meaning of Waqf is to pause/stop i.e. at whichever word Waqf is to be

done, end the voice as well as the breath on the last letter of that particular word.

C If a Fathah [Zabar], Kasrah [Zayr], Dammah [Paysh], Two Zayr [Kasratayn] or Two
Paysh [Dammatayn], Vertical Kasrah [Khara Zayr] or Inverted Dammah [Ulta Paysh]
comes on the last letter of the word, then make that (last) letter Saakin when doing Waqf.

C If two Zabar [Fathatayn] comes on the last letter of the word, then pronounce it as
an ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬when doing Waqf.

C If the last letter of the word is a round ‫ ﺗَﺎ‬i.e. ‘‫’ة‬, then no matter which Harakah it has
on it, pronounce it as a ‘ ’ Saakinah when doing Waqf.

C When doing Waqf, vertical Fathah [Khara Zabar], the Letters of Maddah and Saakin
Letter are not changed.

C In the case of Waqf on a Mushaddadah letter, the Tashdeed will remain but the
Harakah will not be made apparent in the recitation.

C ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧ‬
ْ ‫ ُ ٓﻮ‬Qutni  When a Hamzah Wasli comes after Tanween, the Hamzah Wasli is
dropped in the case of Wasl (without pausing) and the ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakin of Tanween is
given a Kasrah [Zayr] and a small ‫ ُﻧ ْٓـﻮن‬is shown with it; this ‫ ُﻧـ ْٓﻮن‬is called ‘‫ ُﻧ ٓﻮن‬Qutni’.
ْ
43

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

C Hijjay (spelling) of ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Qutni words would be done as follows: For example,

 ‫ ﻳَﺎ ِﺷ ْٓﲔ‬Kasrah [Zayr] ْ ِ , ‫ ﺑَﺎ‬two Zabar [Fathatayn] ‫ ﺑًﺎ‬ ‫ ِﺷ ْ ًﺒﺎ‬.
‫ ِﺳ ْٓﲔ َﻫ ْﻤ َﺰہ‬Fathah [Zabar] ‫ا َْس‬, ‫ ِﺳ ْٓﲔ‬Fathah [Zabar] ‫ َس‬ ‫ا َﻟ َّﺲ‬, ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Fathah [Zabar]
َّ ‫ا‬, ‫ َﻫ ْﻤ َﺰہ‬Dammah [Paysh] ‫ ُء‬ ‫َﻟﺴ َﻤﺎ ُء‬
‫ َﻣﺎ‬ ‫َﻟﺴ َﻤﺎ‬ َّ ‫= ا‬ .

C Signs of Waqf (Pause): Some of the signs of Waqf are described below:

a) O  This is the sign of Waqf Tam and indicates the completion of a Quranic
Ayah; one should pause here.
b) ‫ م‬ This is the sign of Waqf Lazim; one must pause here.
c) ‫ ط‬ This is the sign of Waqf Mutlaq; it is better to pause here.
d) ‫ ج‬ This is the sign of Waqf Jaaiz; it is better to pause here but it is also
permissible to carry on.

e) ‫ ز‬ This is the sign of Waqf Mujawwaz; it is permissible to pause here but it is
better to avoid pause at it.
f) ‫ ص‬ This is the sign of Waqf Murakhkhas; one should not pause here.
g) ‫ ﻻ‬ If the sign is present above the sign of an Ayah i.e. , there is a difference
of opinion whether to pause or not. If a ‘‫ ’ﻻ‬comes without the sign of Ayah, then
do not pause.

C I’adah (Repetition): After doing Waqf [pausing], reciting while joining the preceding
text is called I’adah.

44

www.dawateislami.net
 Madani Qa’idah

45

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ

ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

Lesson Number 22: Salah

C Read this lesson both ways i.e. Rawan (without spelling) as well as with Hijjay
(with spelling).
C In this lesson, carefully apply all the rules and pronunciation from the previous
lessons; especially differentiate clearly between the letters that sound somewhat
similar.
C Remember! If the meaning becomes incorrect because of not differentiating such
letters, the Salah will not be valid.

ٰ
Takbeer-e-Tahrimah
ُ َ ‫ا َ ﻟﻠ ّ ُ ا َ ﮐ‬
‫ْﱪ‬

Sana
‫ﻚ اﻟﻠّٰ ُﻬ َّﻢ َو ِﺑ َﺤ ْﻤ ِﺪ َك‬
َ ‫ُﺳ ْﺒ ٰﺤ َﻨ‬

ُ ْ ‫ﺎﱃ َﺟ ُّﺪ َك َو َﻻ ۤ اِﻟ ٰـ َﻪ ﻏ‬

‫َﲑ َك‬ ٰ ‫ﻚ َو َﺗ َﻌ‬
َ ‫اﺳ ُﻤ‬
ْ ‫ﺎر َك‬
َ ‫َو َﺗ َﺒ‬
‫ط‬

َّ ‫ا َ ُﻋﻮذُ ِﺑﺎ ّٰ ِ ِﻣ َﻦ ا‬
َّ ‫ﻟﺸ ْﻴ ٰﻄ ِﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ِﺟ ْﻴ ِﻢ‬
Ta’awwuz ْ

ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّ ٰ ۡ
Tasmiyah ِ ‫ِﺴ ِﻢ ا ِ ا ﺣﻤ ِﻦ ا ِﺣﻴ‬
‫ـﻢ‬
46

www.dawateislami.net
 ‫‪Madani Qa’idah‬‬

‫‪Surah Al-Fatihah‬‬

‫َّ َ َ ۡ ُ ُ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٰ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ٰ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ۡ َ ۡ ُ ّٰ َ ّ ۡ ٰ َ ۡ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻳ ِﻦ ﴿‪ ﴾ؕ۳‬اِﻳﺎك ﻧﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻳﻮ ِم ِ‬ ‫ا ﻤﺪ ِ ِ ر ِب اﻟﻌﻠ ِﻤ ﴿ ۙ‪ ﴾۱‬ا ﺣﻤ ِﻦ ا ِﺣ ِ ﴿ ۙ‪ ﴾۲‬ﻣﻠِ ِ‬
‫َ َ َّ ﻳۡ َﻦ َ ۡ َ ۡ َ‬
‫ﺖ َ ﻠ َ ۡﻴ ۡ‬ ‫َ ۡ‬ ‫ۡ َ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫َ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َو اِﻳّﺎك ۡﺴ َﺘ ِﻌ ُ ﴿‪ ﴾ؕ۴‬اِﻫ ِﺪ ﻧﺎ اﻟ ِّ َ اط اﻟ ُﻤ ۡﺴ َﺘ ِﻘ ۡ َ ﴿ ۙ‪ ِ ﴾۵‬اط اﻟ ِﺬ اﻧﻌﻤ‬
‫اﻟﻀﺂ ﻟ ِّ ۡ َ‬ ‫َ ۡ ۡ َ ۡ ُ ۡ َ َ ۡ ۡ َ َ َّ‬
‫﴿ ‪ٰ ) ﴾۷٪‬ا ِﻣ ْﲔ(‬ ‫ﻏ ِ اﻟﻤﻐﻀﻮ ِب ﻠﻴ ِ و‬

‫‪Surah Al-Ikhlas‬‬

‫ـﻢ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ۡﺴﻢ ا ّٰ ِ ا َّ ۡﺣ ٰﻤﻦ ا َّ ِﺣ ۡ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ٰ ّ ُ َّ ُ‬ ‫ّٰ َ ٌ‬ ‫ُ ۡ‬
‫َو ﻟ ۡﻢ ﻳ ُ ۡﻮﻟﺪ ﴿ ۙ‪َ ﴾۳‬و ﻟ ۡﻢ ﻳَﻜ ۡﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ َﻤﺪ ﴿‪ ﴾ۚ۲‬ﻟ ۡﻢ ﻳَـﻠِﺪ‬ ‫ﻗـﻞ ُﻫ َﻮ ا ُ ا َﺣﺪ ﴿‪ ﴾ۚ۱‬ا‬
‫َّ ٗ ُ ُ ً َ َ ٌ‬
‫ﻛﻔﻮا اﺣﺪ ﴿ ‪﴾۴٪‬‬

‫’‪Tasbih-e-Ruku‬‬ ‫ُﺳ ْﺒ ٰﺤ َﻦ َر ِ ّﰉ َ اﻟ َْﻌ ِﻈ ْﻴ ِﻢ‬

‫’‪Tasmee‬‬ ‫َﺳ ِﻤـ َﻊ ا ّٰ ُ ﻟِ َﻤ ْﻦ َﺣ ِﻤ َﺪ ٗه‬

‫‪Tahmeed‬‬ ‫َر َّﺑ َﻨﺎ َو ﻟ َ‬

‫َﻚ اﻟْ َﺤ ْﻤ ُﺪ‬

‫‪Tasbih-e-Sajdah‬‬ ‫ُﺳ ْﺒ ٰﺤ َﻦ َر ِ ّﰉ َ ْاﻻ َ ْﻋ ٰ‬

‫‪47‬‬

‫‪www.dawateislami.net‬‬
‫‪Madani Qa’idah‬‬

‫‪Tashahhud‬‬

‫ﱮ َو َر ْﺣ َﻤـ ُﺔ ا ّٰ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ ا َﻳُّ َﻬـﺎ ا َّ‬

‫ﻟﻨـ ِ ُّ‬ ‫ﻟﺴـ َﻼ ُم َﻠ َْﻴـ َ‬‫اﻟﻄ ِ ّ ٰﺒ ُﺖ ط ا َ َّ‬
‫اﻟﺼﻠ َٰﻮ ُت َو َّ‬‫ﺎت ِ ّٰ ِ َو َّ‬ ‫ا َﻟ َّﺘ ِﺤ َّﻴ ُ‬
‫ﲔ ط ا َ ْﺷـ َﻬ ُﺪ ا َ ْن َّﻻ ۤ اِﻟ ٰــ َﻪ اِ َّﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﺴ َﻼ ُم َﻠ َ ْ َﻨﺎ َو َﻋـ ٰ ِﻋ َﺒـﺎ ِد ا ّٰ ِ ا ّٰ‬
‫ﻟﺼـ ِﻠ ِﺤ ْ َ‬ ‫َو ﺑَ َﺮ َﲝ ﺗُ ٗﻪ ط ا َ َّ‬
‫ﻪ ﴿ؕ﴾‬
‫َو َر ُﺳ ْﻮﻟُ ٗ‬ ‫ا ّٰ ُ َو ا َ ْﺷ َﻬ ُﺪ ا َ َّن ُﻣ َﺤ ّﻤ ًَﺪا َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ ٗه‬
‫‪Durood-e-Ibraheem‬‬

‫ا َﻟﻠّٰ ُﻬ َّﻢ َﺻ ِ ّﻞ َﻋ ٰ ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّو َﻋ ٰۤ ا ِٰل ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤـ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤـﺎ َﺻـﻠ َّ ْﻴ َﺖ َﻋـ ٰۤ اِ ْﺑـ َﺮا ِﻫ ْﻴ َﻢ َو َﻋـ ٰ ا ِٰل‬
‫ﺎر ْك َﻋ ٰ ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤ ٍﺪ َّو َﻋ ٰۤ ا ِٰل ُﻣ َﺤ َّﻤـ ٍﺪ ﻛ ََﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﻚ َﺣ ِﻤ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َّﻣ ِﺠ ْﻴ ٌﺪ ﴿﴾ ا َﻟﻠّٰ ُﻬ َّﻢ َﺑ ِ‬ ‫اِ ْﺑ َﺮا ِﻫ ْﻴ َﻢ اِ ﻧَّ َ‬

‫ْﺖ َﻋ ٰۤ اِ ْﺑ َﺮا ِﻫ ْﻴ َﻢ َو َﻋ ٰۤ ا ِٰل اِ ْﺑ َﺮا ِﻫ ْﻴ َﻢ اِ ﻧَّ َ‬

‫ﻚ َﺣ ِﻤ ْﻴ ٌﺪ َّﻣ ِﺠ ْﻴ ٌﺪ ﴿﴾‬ ‫ﺎرﻛ َ‬
‫ﺑَ َ‬
‫‪Du’a-e-Masurah‬‬

‫َ‬ ‫َ ََ ۡ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫ٰ‬ ‫َ ّ ۡ َ ۡ ۡ ُ ۡ َ َّ‬

‫ِة َو ِﻣ ۡﻦ ذ ِّر ﻳّ ِ ۡ َر ﺑّ َﻨﺎ َو ﺗـﻘ ّﺒﻞ ُدﻋﺂ ِء ﴿‪َ ﴾۴۰‬رﺑّ َﻨﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫)ا َﻟﻠّٰ ُﻬ َّﻢ( ر ِب اﺟﻌﻠ ِ ﻣ ِﻘ‬

‫ﺎب ﴿ ‪﴾۴۱٪‬‬‫َ ﻳ َ ۡﻮ َم ﻳ َ ُـﻘ ۡﻮ ُم ا ۡ َﺴ ُ‬ ‫ۡ‬ ‫َ َ ۡ ۡ‬ ‫ۡ‬

‫اﻏ ِ ۡ ِ ۡ َو ﻟ َِﻮ اﻟ ِﺪ ّي َو ﻟ ِﻠ ُﻤﺆ ِ ِﻨ‬
‫ِ‬
‫)‪(Part 13, Surah Ibraheem, Ayah 40-41‬‬

‫‪Salam‬‬ ‫ﳉ ْﻢ َو َر ْﺣ َـﻤ ُﺔ ا ّٰ ِ‬ ‫ا َ َّ‬

‫ﻟﺴ َﻼ ُم َﻠ َْﻴ ُ‬
‫‪48‬‬

‫‪www.dawateislami.net‬‬
 ‫‪Madani Qa’idah‬‬

‫‪Du’a-e-Qunoot‬‬

‫ﻚ‬‫ﲎ َﻠ َْﻴـ َ‬ ‫ﻚ َو ﻧَ َﺘ َﻮ َّ ُﻞ َﻠ َْﻴـ َ‬

‫ﻚ َو ُﻧ ـْﺜـ ِ ْ‬ ‫ﻚ َو ﻧَ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻐ ِﻔ ُﺮ َك َو ﻧُ ْﺆ ِﻣ ُﻦ ِﺑ َ‬‫ا َﻟﻠّٰ ُﻬ َّﻢ اِ ﻧَّﺎ ﻧَ ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻌ ْ ُﻨ َ‬
‫ﱰ ُك َﻣـ ْﻦ َّﻳ ْﻔ ُﺠـ ُﺮ َك ط ا َﻟﻠّٰ ُﻬـ َّﻢ اِ ﻳَّـ َ‬
‫ﺎك‬ ‫ﳊ ـُﻔـ ُﺮ َك َو ﻧَ ْﺨﻠ َـ ُﻊ َو َﻧـ ْ ُ‬
‫ﲑ ط َو ﻧَ ْﺸﮑ ُُﺮ َك َو َﻻ ﻧَ ْ‬ ‫اﻟْ َﺨ ْ َ‬
‫ﻚ َو ﻧَ ْﺨ ٰ‬
‫ﻚ ﻧَ ْﺴ ٰ َو َﻧ ْﺤ ِﻔ ُﺪ َو ﻧَ ْﺮ ُﺟ ْﻮ َر ْﺣ َﻤ َﺘ َ‬‫َﻚ ﻧُ َﺼ ِّ ْ َو َﻧ ْﺴ ُﺠ ُﺪ َو اِﻟ َْﻴ َ‬
‫َﻧ ْﻌ ُﺒ ُﺪ َو ﻟ َ‬
‫ِﻖ ﴿﴾‬‫ﺎر ُﻣﻠْﺤ ٌ‬ ‫ﳊ َّﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻚ ِﺑﺎ ﻟْ ُ‬
‫ﻚ اِ َّن َﺬَ ا ﺑَ َ‬ ‫َﺬَ ا ﺑَ َ‬

‫‪d‬‬
‫ّ َ ٰ ّ َ َ َ َ َ ٗ ُ َ ُّ ْ َ َ َ َّ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِﺒﻰّ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اِن ا و ﻣـﻠ ِ ﻜـﺘﻪ ﻳﺼ ن ﻠﻰ‬
‫َ ُّ َ َّ ﻳۡ َﻦ ٰ َ ُ ْ َ ُّ ْ َ َ ۡ َ َ ّ ُ ْ َ ْ ۡ ً‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻳﻬﺎ ا ﻟ ِﺬ ا ﻮا ﺻ ا ﻠﻴ ِﻪ وﺳ ِﻠﻤﻮا ﺴﻠِ ﴿‪﴾۵۶‬‬

‫َ ُ َ ّ َٰ َ ّ َ َ ََۡ َ‬
‫ِِ و‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ا‬
‫ۡ ِن ا ۡ ُ ۡ ِد َو ا ۡ َ َ ِم َو ا ٰ ِ ٖ َو َ ر ۡك َو َ ّ ِ ۡ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬

‫‪49‬‬

‫‪www.dawateislami.net‬‬
 َ ۡ ‫َ ُم َﻋـ ٰ َﺳ ّـﻴـﺪ اﻟ ۡ ُـﻤ ۡـﺮ َﺳـﻠِـ‬ َ ّ َ ُ ٰ َّ َ َ ۡ َ ٰ ۡ ّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ۡ َ ۡ َ
ِ ِ ‫اﻟـﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟـﺤـﻤـﺪ ﻟ ِـﻠـ ِﻪ ر ِب اﻟـﻌـﻠ ِـﻤ و اﻟـﺼـﻠـﻮة و‬
ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ ّٰ ۡ ۡ َّ ٰ ۡ َّ َ ّٰ ُ ۡ ُ َ َ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ
ِ ‫ﺑِـﺴ ِﻢ اﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ اﻟـﺮﺣـﻤ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺣـ‬ ِ ‫اﻣـﺎ ﺑــﻌـﺪ ﻓـﺎﻋـﻮذ ﺑِـﺎ ﻟـﻠـ ِﻪ ِﻣـﻦ اﻟـﺸـﻴـﻄ ِﻦ اﻟـﺮ ِﺟ‬

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Question 1: How many Mufridat letters are there? (Lesson 1)

Answer: There are 29 Mufridat letters.

Question 2: How many Musta’liyah letters are there? Mention these letters. (Lesson 1)

Answer: There are 7 Musta’liyah letters and they are: ‫ خ‬, ‫ص‬, ‫ض‬, ‫ط‬, ‫ظ‬, ‫ غ‬, ‫ق‬.

Question 3: How are the Musta’liyah letters pronounced and what is their combination?
(Lesson 1)
Answer: Musta’liyah letters are always pronounced with a thicker voice in every condition
and their combination is ‘‫ـﻆ‬ َّ ‫’ﺧ‬.
ْ ِ‫ُﺺ َﺿ ْﻐ ٍﻂ ﻗ‬
Question 4: How many letters are there which are pronounced by lips and what are they?
(Lesson 1)

Answer: There are 4 letters which are pronounced by lips. They are: ‘‫ب‬, ‫ف‬, ‫م‬, ‫’و‬.

Question 5: How many Safeeriyah (whistle-sounding) letters are there and what are they?

Answer: There are 3 Safeeriyah letters. They are: ‘‫ز‬, ‫س‬, ‫’ص‬.

Question 6: What is meant by the term Harakaat? (Lesson 3)

Answer: Fathah [Zabar] , Kasrah [Zayr] and Dammah [Paysh] are called
Harakaat.
Question 7: How are Harakaat pronounced? (Lesson 3)

50

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

Answer: Harakaat are pronounced in an Arabic accent without stretching or suddenly

pausing the voice.

Question 8: What is Tanween? (Lesson 5)

Answer: Fathatayn [Two Zabar] , Kasratayn [Two Zayr] and Dammatayn

[Two Paysh] are called ‘Tanween’. In fact Tanween is a Noon Saakin which is at the
end of the word; this is why Tanween sounds like Noon Saakin.

Question 9: How many letters of Maddah are there? Mention them. (Lesson 7)

Answer: There are 3 letters of Maddah and they are: ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬, ‫ َوآو‬, ‫َﻳﺎ‬

Question 10: How does an ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬, ‫ َوآو‬, ‫ ﻳَﺎ‬become Maddah? (Lesson 7)

Answer: When there is Fathah [Zabar] before an ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬, it becomes ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬Maddah. When
there is a Dammah [Paysh] before a ‫ َوآو‬Saakin, it becomes ‫ َوآو‬Maddah. When there is a
Kasrah [Zayr] before a ‫ ﻳَﺎ‬Saakin, it becomes ‫ ﻳَﺎ‬Maddah.

Question 11: How are the letters of Maddah pronounced? (Lesson 7)

Answer: The letters of Maddah are pronounced by stretching them up to one ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬i.e. up
to two Harakaat.

Question 12: What is meant by Vertical [Khari] Harakaat? (Lesson 8)

Answer: Vertical Fathah [Zabar] , Vertical [Zayr] and Inverted Dammah [Paysh]
are called Vertical [Khari] Harakaat.

Question 13: How are the Vertical Harakaat pronounced? (Lesson 8)

Answer: Vertical Harakaat are pronounced by stretching them up to one ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬i.e. up to two
Harakaat, like that in the case of the letters of Maddah.

51

www.dawateislami.net
 Questions and Answers

Question 148: How many Letters of Leen are there? Mention them. (Lesson 9)

Answer: There are two letters of Leen: ‘‫ ’ َوآو‬and ‘‫’ َﻳﺎ‬.

Question 15: How are the letters of Leen pronounced? (Lesson 9)

Answer: The letters of Leen are pronounced gently in an Arabic accent without any
stretching or sudden pausing.

Question 16: How will a ‫ َوآو‬and a ‫ َﻳﺎ‬become a ‘‫ َوآو‬Leen’ and a ‘‫ َﻳﺎ‬Leen’ respectively?
(Lesson 9)

Answer: When there is a Fathah [Zabar] before a ‫ َوآو‬Saakinah, it becomes a ‘‫ َوآو‬Leen’.

When there is a Fathah [Zabar] before a ‫ َﻳﺎ‬Saakinah, it becomes a ‘‫ َﻳﺎ‬Leen’.

Question 17: What is the meaning of Qalqalah? (Lesson 11)

Answer: The meaning of Qalqalah is movement, there should be some movement at the
Makharij (places where the letters are pronounced) such that the sound echoes.

Question 18: How many Letters of Qalqalah are there, what are they and what is their
combined form? (Lesson 11)

Answer: There are five Letters of Qalqalah ‘‫ق‬, ‫ط‬, ‫ب‬, ‫ج‬, ‫’د‬, and their combination is ‘‫ﺐ َﺟ ّ ٍﺪ‬
ُ ‫’ﻗ ُُـﻄ‬.
Question 19: When will Qalqalah be made more clear in the Letters of Qalqalah? (Lesson 11)

Answer: When the Letters of Qalqalah are Saakinah, Qalqalah should be more clear.

Question 20: How are the letters of Qalqalah pronounced when Mushaddadah? (Lesson 11)
Answer: When the letters of Qalqalah are Mushaddadah, they are pronounced with emphasis.

Question 21: How is a Hamzah Saakinah (ْ ‫ا‬, ‫ ) ْء‬pronounced? (Lesson 11)

52

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

Answer: Hamzah Saakinah (ْ ‫ا‬, ‫ ) ْء‬is always pronounced with a sudden pause.

Question 22: How many cases are there of ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakin and Tanween and what are they?
(Lesson 12)

Answer: There are four cases regarding ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakin and Tanween: (1) ‫( ا ِْﻇ َ ْﺎر‬Izhar)

ۡ ‫( اِﻗۡ َﻼ‬Iqlaab).
(2) ‫( ا ِۡﺧ َﻔ ۡﺎء‬Ikhfa) (3) ‫( ا ِۡدﻏ َ ۡﺎم‬Idgham) (4) ‫ب‬

Question 23: Describe the case of Izhar. (Lesson 12)

Answer: If a Halqiyyah letter comes after a ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakinah or Tanween, then Izhar will be
done i.e. nasalisation (Ghunnah) will not be done when pronouncing such a ‫ ُﻧ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakinah
or Tanween.

Question 24: How many Halqiyyah letters are there and what are they? (Lesson 12)

Answer: There are 6 Halqiyyah letters and they are: ‫ء‬, ‫ھ‬, ‫ ع‬, ‫ ح‬, ‫ غ‬and ‫خ‬.

Question 25: Describe the case of Ikhfa? (Lesson 12)

Answer: If an Ikhfa letter comes after a ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakinah or Tanween, then Ikhfa will be done
i.e. nasalisation (Ghunnah) will be done when pronouncing such a ‫ ُﻧـ ْٓﻮن‬Saakinah or Tanween.

Question 26: How many Ikhfa letters are there and what are they? (Lesson 12)
Answer:
The Ikhfa letters are 15 in number and they are: ‫ت‬, ‫ث‬, ‫ج‬, ‫د‬, ‫ذ‬, ‫ز‬, ‫س‬, ‫ش‬, ‫ص‬, ‫ض‬, ‫ط‬, ‫ظ‬, ‫ف‬, ‫ق‬, ‫ك‬.

Question 27: What is Tashdeed and what is the term for a letter which has the sign of
Tashdeed on it? (Lesson 13)
Answer: The w-shaped sign is called Tashdeed. A letter which has the Tashdeed sign
on it is called Mushaddadah.

53

www.dawateislami.net
 Questions and Answers

Question 28: How to pronounce ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Mushaddadah and ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Mushaddadah? (Lesson 13)

Answer: ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Mushaddadah and ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Mushaddadah will always be pronounced with

Ghunnah (nasalisation).

Question 29: What is Ghunnah and what is its duration [length]? (Lesson 13)
Answer: Ghunnah means to pronounce with nasalisation (taking the sound into the nose)
and its duration [length] is equal to one ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬.

Question 30: How is a Mushaddadah letter pronounced? (Lesson 13)

Answer: The Mushaddadah letter is pronounced twice; first by combining it with the
Mutaharrikah letter before and then by its own Harakah with a slight pause.

Question 31: Describe the rule of Idgham. (Lesson 14)

Answer: Idgham will be done when a letter of Yarmaloon comes after a ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakinah or
Tanween. In the case of ‘‫ ’ر‬and ‘‫ ’ل‬Idgham will be done without Ghunnah and in the case
of the other 4 letters, Idgham will be done with Ghunnah.

Question 32: How many Letters of Yarmaloon are there and what are they? (Lesson 14)

Answer: There are six Letters of Yarmaloon and they are: ‫ی‬, ‫ر‬, ‫م‬, ‫ل‬, ‫ و‬and ‫ن‬.

Question 33: Describe the rule of Iqlaab. (Lesson 14)

Answer: If the letter ‘‫ ’ب‬comes after a ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakinah or Tanween, then Iqlaab will be done
i.e. change the ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakinah or Tanween into a ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬and do Ikhfa i.e. pronounce with
nasalisation.

Question 34: How many cases are there for ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Saakin and what are they? (Lesson 15)

Answer: There are three cases of ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Saakin: (1) Idgham-e-Shafawi (2) Ikhfa-e-Shafawi
(3) Izhar-e-Shafawi.
54

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

Question 35: Describe the rule of Idgham-e-Shafawi. (Lesson 15)

Answer: When after a ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Saakinah, another ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬comes, Idgham-e-Shafawi is done within

the ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Saakinah i.e. Ghunnah is done.

Question 36: Describe the rule of Ikhfa-e-Shafawi. (Lesson 15)

Answer: If a ‘‫ ’ب‬comes after a ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Saakinah, Ikhfa-e-Shafawi is done within the ‫ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬
Saakinah i.e. Ghunnah is done.

Question 37: Describe the rule of Izhar-e-Shafawi. (Lesson 15)

Answer: If any letter other than ‘‫ ’ب‬or ‘‫ ’م‬comes after a ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Saakinah, Izhar-e-Shafawi is
done within the ‫ ِﻣ ْﻴٓﻢ‬Saakinah i.e. Ghunnah is not done.

Question 38: What is meant by Tafkheem and Tarqeeq? (Lesson 16)

Answer: The meaning of Tafkheem is to pronounce the letter in a thick tone and Tarqeeq
is to pronounce the letter in a thin tone.

Question 39: When is the ‫ َﻵم‬of the Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬pronounced in a thick tone and
when is it pronounced in a thin tone? (Lesson 16)

Answer: If the letter before the ‫ َﻵم‬of the Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬has a Fathah [Zabar] or
Dammah [Paysh] on it, then the ‫ َﻵم‬of the Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬will be pronounced in a
thick tone and if the letter before the ‫ َﻵم‬of the Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬has a Kasrah [Zayr]
below it, then the ‫ َﻵم‬of the Ism-e-Jalalat – ّٰ‫ ا َﻟﻠ‬will be pronounced in a thin tone.

Question 40: When is ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬pronounced in a thick tone and when in a thin tone? (Lesson 16)

Answer: ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬will be pronounced in a thick tone if the letter which comes before it is
pronounced in a thick tone and it will be pronounced in a thin tone when the letter

55

www.dawateislami.net
 Questions and Answers

before is pronounced in a thin tone.

Question 41: Mention the conditions when the letter ‫ َرا‬will be pronounced in a thick
tone. (Lesson 16)

Answer: The letter ‫ َرا‬will be pronounced in a thick tone when:

a) It has a Fathah [Zabar] or Dammah [Paysh] on it

b) It has Fathatayn [two Zabar] or Dammatayn [Two Paysh] on it
c) It has a Vertical Fathah [Khari Zabar] on it
d) The letter before a ‫ َرا‬Saakinah has a Fathah [Zabar] or Dammah [Paysh]
e) There is a Kasrah ‘Aridiyyah [Temporary Zayr] before a ‫ َرا‬Saakinah

f) There is a Kasrah [Zayr] before a ‫ َرا‬Saakinah in the preceding word

g) A Musta’liyah letter comes after a ‫ َرا‬Saakinah in the same word.

Question 42: Mention the conditions when the letter ‫ َرا‬will be pronounced in a thin
tone. (Lesson 16)

Answer: The letter ‫ َرا‬will be pronounced in a thin tone when:

a) There is a Kasrah [Zayr] or Kasratayn [Two Zayr] under it

b) There is Kasrah Asliyyah (Original Zayr) before a ‫ َرا‬Saakinah in the same word
c) When there is a ‫ ﻳَﺎ‬Saakinah before a ‫ َرا‬Saakinah.

Question 43: What is a Kasrah ‘Aridiyyah (Temporary Zayr)? (Lesson 16)

Answer: In the Holy Quran, there are some words which begin with the letter ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬with no
Harakah, so whichever Harakah one will apply to such an ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬during its pronunciation

56

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

will be temporary e.g. in the word the Kasrah [Zayr] is ‘Aaridi (temporary).
Question 44: What is the meaning of Madd? What are the causes of Madd and what are
they? (Lesson 17)
Answer: The meaning of Madd is to stretch. There are two causes for Madd: (1) Hamzah
(2) Sukoon .

Question 45: How many types of Madd are there and what are they? (Lesson 17)
Answer: There are 6 types of Madd: (1) Madd Muttasil, (2) Madd Munfasil, (3) Madd
Lazim, (4) Madd Leen-Lazim, (5) Madd ‘Aarid (6) Madd Leen-‘Aarid.

Question 46: Describe the case of Madd Muttasil. (Lesson 17)

Answer: If a Hamzah comes after the letters of Maddah in the same word, then it will be
Madd Muttasil (attached).

Question 47: Describe the case of Madd Munfasil. (Lesson 17)

Answer: If a Hamzah comes after a letter of Maddah in the next word, then it will be
Madd Munfasil (separate).

Question 48: How long do Madd Muttasil and Madd Munfasil need to be stretched for?
(Lesson 17)
Answer: When pronouncing Madd Muttasil and Madd Munfasil, stretch the tone up to 2,
2.5 ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬i.e. 4 or 5 Harakaat.

Question 49: Describe the case of Madd Lazim. (Lesson 17)

Answer: If a Sukoon Asli , comes after a letter of Maddah, then it will be
Madd Lazim.

Question 50: Describe the case of Madd Leen-Lazim. (Lesson 17)

Answer: If a Sukoon Asli (original) comes after a letter of Leen, then it will be
57

www.dawateislami.net
 Questions and Answers

Madd Leen-Lazim.
Question 51: How long do Madd Lazim and the Madd Leen-Lazim need to be stretched
for? (Lesson 17)

Answer: When pronouncing Madd Lazim and Madd Leen-Lazim, stretch up to 3 ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬,
i.e. 6 Harakaat.

Question 52: Describe the case of Madd ‘Aarid. (Lesson 17)

Answer: If a Sukoon ‘Aaridi (temporary) [i.e. a letter becomes Saakin because of Waqf
(pause)] comes after a letter of Maddah, then it will be Madd ‘Aarid.

Question 53: Describe the case of Madd Leen ‘Aarid. (Lesson 17)
Answer: If a Sukoon ‘Aaridi (temporary) [i.e. a letter becomes Saakin because of Waqf
(pause)] comes after a letter of Leen, then it will be Madd Leen-‘Aarid.

Question 54: How long do Madd ‘Aarid and Madd Leen ‘Aarid need to be stretched for?
(Lesson 17)
Answer: When pronouncing Madd ‘Aarid and Madd Leen-‘Aarid, stretch up to 1, 2 or
3 ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬i.e. up to 2, 4 or 6 Harakaat.

Question 55: What is a Za`id (additional) ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬, and how is it pronounced? (Lesson 19)

Answer: In some places of the Holy Quran, there is a circle sign shown as ‘o’ on an ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬,
this type of ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬is called a ‘Za`id (additional) ‫’ا َﻟِﻒ‬, one should not pronounce it.

Question 56: Which rule will apply in the ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakin present in the following words:
‫ ُد ْﻧ َﻴﺎ‬, ‫ﺎن‬
ٌ ‫ ُﺑ ْ َﻴ‬, ‫ان‬
ٌ ‫ ِﺻ ْﻨ َﻮ‬, ‫ان‬
ٌ ‫( ﻗِ ْﻨ َﻮ‬Lesson 20)

Answer: In the four words above, a Yarmaloon letter is present after the ‫ ُﻧ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakin in the
same word. Idgham will not be done in these words, instead Izhar Mutlaq will be done.

58

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

Hence do not make Ghunnah (nasalisation) in the four words above.

Question 57: What is Saktah? (Lesson 20)

Answer: To stop the sound and then to continue reading ahead holding the same breath
is known as Saktah i.e. the sound should stop whilst holding the breath.

Question 58: What is the meaning of Tasheel? (Lesson 20)

Answer: The meaning of Tasheel is to make soft i.e. pronounce the second Hamzah with
a soft tone.

Question 59: What is Imalah? (Lesson 20)

Answer: To incline the sound of Fathah [Zabar] towards Kasrah [Zayr] and the sound
of ‫ ا َﻟِﻒ‬towards ‫ ﻳَﺎ‬is called Imalah.

Question 60: How is the ‫ َرا‬of Imalah pronounced? (Lesson 20)

Answer: The ‫ َرا‬of Imalah is pronounced ‘‫ ’ َرے‬instead of ‘‫’ ِری‬.

Question 61: What is meant by Waqf? (Lesson 21)

Answer: The meaning of Waqf is to pause/stop.

Question 62: What do you do if there is a Fathah [Zabar], Kasrah [Zayr], Dammah
[Paysh], or even Kasratayn [two Zayr] or Dammatayn [two Paysh] on the last letter of
the word in the case of Waqf? (Lesson 21)

Answer: If a Fathah [Zabar], Kasrah [Zayr], Dammah [Paysh], Kasratayn [two Zayr] or
Dammatayn [two Paysh] comes on the last letter of the word, then make that (last) letter
Saakin when doing Waqf.

Question 63: When doing Waqf, if there is a Tanween of Fathatayn [two Zabar] on the
last letter of a word, then what should one do? (Lesson 21)
59

www.dawateislami.net
 Questions and Answers

Answer: When doing Waqf, if there is a Tanween of Fathatayn [two Zabar] on the last
letter of a word, it will be changed to ‫ا َﻟِﻒ‬.

Question 64: What do you do if there is a round ‫ ﺗَﺎ‬i.e. ‘‫ ’ة‬in the case of Waqf? (Lesson 21)

Answer: If the last letter of the word is a round ‫ ﺗَﺎ‬i.e. ‘‫’ة‬, then no matter which Harakah
or Tanween it has on it, pronounce it as a ‘ ’ Saakinah when making Waqf.

Question 65: What is ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Qutni? (Lesson 21)

Answer: When a Hamzah Wasliyyah [temporary] comes after Tanween, the Hamzah
Wasliyyah is dropped in the case of Wasl (without pausing), the ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Saakinah of
Tanween is given a Kasrah [Zayr] and a small ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬is usually shown with it; this ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬is
called ‫ ﻧُ ْٓـﻮن‬Qutni.

Question 66: Which type of Waqf is shown by the circular sign ‘O’ and what should be
done at this sign? (Lesson 21)

Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Tam and indicates the completion of a Quranic Ayah;
one should pause here.

Question 67: Which type of Waqf is shown by ‘‫ ’م‬and what is the rule regarding it?
(Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Lazim; one must pause here.
Question 68: Which type of Waqf is shown by ‘‫ ’ط‬and what is the rule regarding it? (Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Mutlaq; it is better to pause here.

Question 69: Which type of Waqf is shown by ‘‫ ’ج‬and what is the rule regarding it? (Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Jaaiz; it is better to pause here but it is also permissible
(allowed) to continue.

60

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

Question 70: Which type of Waqf is shown by ‘‫ ’ز‬and what is the rule regarding it? (Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Mujawwaz; it is permissible to pause here but it is better
to avoid.
Question 71: Which type of Waqf is shown by ‘‫ ’ص‬and what is the rule regarding it? (Lesson 21)
Answer: This is the sign of Waqf Murakhkhas; one should not pause here.

Question 72: Explain the rules of Waqf regarding the ‘‫ ’ﻻ‬sign. (Lesson 21)

Answer: If the sign comes above the sign of an Ayah i.e. , there is a difference of
opinion whether to pause or not. If ‘‫ ’ﻻ‬is present without the Ayah sign, then do not pause.
Question 73: What is I’adah? (Lesson 21)
Answer: After doing Waqf [pausing], reciting while joining the preceding text is called
I’adah.
Question 74: Which Wazifah (invocation) should be recited to become pious and steadfast
upon the Sunnah? (Page 8)

ُ ْ ‫ ’ َﻳﺎ َﺧ ِﺒ‬all the time.

Answer: To become pious and steadfast upon Sunnah, keep reciting ‘‫ﲑ‬

Question 75: What are the 5 stages of knowledge?

Answer: (1) To observe silence (2) To listen with attention (3) To remember what was
heard (4) To abide by what was learnt (5) To pass on the acquired knowledge.
Question 76: What is the Wazifah to strengthen memory? (Page 32)

Answer: Recite ‘‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ ’ َﻳﺎ َﻠِ ْﻴ‬21 times (recite Salat upon the Holy Nabi ‫اﷲ َﻠَﻴ ْ ِﻪ َواٰﻟ ِ ٖﻪ َو َﺳﻠَّﻢ‬
ُ
َّ ‫ ﺻ‬once
َ
before and after the invocation), blow on water and drink it or make somebody else
drink on an empty stomach (before breakfast) for 40 days. The memory (of the one who
drinks this water) will be strengthened, ‫ﺂءاﻟـﻠـﻪ‬ ِ
َ ‫ا ْن َﺷ‬.

Question 77: Which Du’a (supplication) should one recite for memorizing lessons?

61

www.dawateislami.net
 Questions and Answers

Answer: Recite the following Du’a before memorizing lessons with Salat upon the Beloved
Nabi ‫اﷲ َﻠَﻴ ْ ِﻪ َواٰﻟ ِ ٖﻪ َو َﺳﻠَّﻢ‬
ُ
َّ ‫ ﺻ‬before and after it:
َ

ۡ ُ ۡ ‫َ َ َ َوا‬ ۡ َ ۡ َ َ ۡ َ ۡ ‫اَ ُ ا‬
ِ
ۡ ۡ
‫ِل َوا ِ َ ام‬
َ َ ۡ ‫َ َ ۡ َ َر ۡ َ َ َ َـ َذا ا‬

Question 78: How many Fard (obligatory) acts are there in Wudu and what are they?

Answer: There are four Fard acts in Wudu and they are: (1) Washing the whole face
(2) Washing both arms including the elbows (3) Moistening a quarter of the head
(4) Washing both feet including the ankles.

Question 79: How many Fard acts are there in Ghusl and what are they?
Answer: There are three Fard acts in Ghusl and they are: (1) Rinsing the mouth
(2) Sniffing water inside the nose (3) Washing the whole apparent body.

Question 80: How many Fard acts are there in Tayammum and what are they?

Answer: There are three Fard acts in Tayammum and they are: (1) Intention (2) Wiping
hands on the entire face (3) Wiping both arms including the elbows.

Question 81: How many Pre-Conditions of Salah are there and what are they?

Answer: There are 6 Pre-Conditions of Salah and they are: (1) Taharah (Purity) (2) Satr-e-
‘Awrat (veiling [i.e. concealing mandatory body parts]) (3) Istiqbal-e-Qiblah (facing towards
the direction of Qiblah) (4) Waqt (Time) (5) Niyyah (intention) (6) Takbeer-e-Tahrimah.

Question 82: How many Fard acts are there in Salah and what are they?

Answer: There are 7 Fard acts of Salah and they are: (1) Takbeer-e-Tahrimah (2) Qiyam
(3) Qira`at (4) Ruku’ (5) Sujood (6) Qa’dah Aakhirah (7) Khurooj-e-Bisun’ihi.

62

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qa’idah

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Du’a for Reading the Book.............................................................................................................................. iii
Translator’s Note............................................................................................................................................... v
First read this .................................................................................................................................................... vi

MADANI QA’IDAH
Lesson Number 1: Huroof Mufridat (Individual Letters) ......................................................................... 1
Lesson Number 2: Huroof Murakkabat (Compound Letters) ................................................................. 2
Lesson Number 3: Harakaat............................................................................................................................ 4
Lesson Number 4 .............................................................................................................................................. 7
Lesson Number 5: Tanween ........................................................................................................................... 9
Lesson Number 6 ............................................................................................................................................ 11
Lesson Number 7: The Letters of Maddah ................................................................................................ 12
Lesson Number 8: Vertical [Khari] Harakaat ............................................................................................ 14
Lesson Number 9: The Letters of Leen....................................................................................................... 16
Lesson Number 10 .......................................................................................................................................... 18
Lesson Number 11: Sukoon (Jazm) ............................................................................................................. 20
Lesson Number 12: ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﻮ‬
ۡ ٓ ۡ ُ Saakinah and Tanween (Izhar, Ikhfa) ........................................................... 24
Lesson Number 13: Tashdeed ...................................................................................................................... 27
Lesson Number 14: ‫ن‬ ‫ﻧﻮ‬
ۡ ٓ ۡ ُ Saakinah and Tanween (Idgham, Iqlaab) ..................................................... 31
Lesson Number 15: The Cases of ‫ ﻣِﻴۡٓﻢ‬Saakinah ......................................................................................... 33
Lesson Number 16: Tafkheem and Tarqeeq ............................................................................................. 34
Lesson Number 17: Maddaat ........................................................................................................................ 37
Lesson Number 18: Muqatta’at Letters ...................................................................................................... 39
Lesson Number 19: Za`id (Additional) ‫ )ا ۡ( اَﻟ ِﻒ‬............................................................................................ 40
Lesson Number 20: Miscellaneous Rules ................................................................................................... 41
Lesson Number 21: Waqf [Pause]................................................................................................................ 43
Lesson Number 22: Salah .............................................................................................................................. 46
Questions and Answers ................................................................................................................................. 50

63

www.dawateislami.net
 Allah mujhay Hafiz-e-Quran bana day
From: Shaykh-e-Tareeqat, Ameer-e-Ahl-e-Sunnat, the founder of Dawat-e-Islami ‘Allamah Maulana Abu
Bilal Muhammad Ilyas Attar Qaadiri Razavi ‫ـﺖ َﺑـ َﺮ َﻛ ُـﺎﺗـﻬُ ُـﻢ اﻟ ْ َـﻌـﺎﻟِـﻴَـﻪ‬
ْ ‫اﻣ‬
َ ‫ َد‬.

Allah mujhay Hafiz-e-Quran bana day Quran kay ahkam pay bhi mujh ko chala day

Ho jaye sabaq yad mujhay jald Ilahi Ya Rab! Tu mayra haafizah mazboot bana day

Susti ho mayri door uthoon jald sawayray Tu Madrasay mayn dil mayra Allah laga day

Ho Madrasay ka mujh say na nuqsan kabhi bhi Allah yahan kay mujhay adab sikha day

Chutti na karun bhool kay bhi Madrasay ki mayn Awqat ka bhi mujh ko Tu paband bana day

Ustad haun maujud ya bahar kaheen masroof ‘Aadat Tu mayri shor machanay ki mita day

Khaslat ho shararat ki mayri door Ilahi Sanjidah bana day mujhay sanjidah bana day

Ustad ki kerta rahun her dam mayn ita’at Ma bap ki ‘izzat ki bhi taufeeq Khuda day

Kapray mayn rakhun saaf Tu dil ko mayray ker saaf Aqa ka Madinah mayray seenay ko bana day

Filmon say daramon say day nafrat Tu Ilahi Bas shauq hamayn Na’at-o-Tilawat ka Khuda day

Mayn sath jama’at kay parhun sari namazayn Allah ‘ibadat mayn mayray dil ko laga day

Perhta rahun kasrat say Durood un pay sada mayn Aur Zikr ka bhi shauq paey Ghaus-o-Raza day

Sunnat kay mutabiq mayn her aik kaam karun kash Ya Rab! Mujhay Sunnat ka Muballigh bhi bana day

Mayn jhoot na boloon kabhi gali na nikaloon Allah maraz say Tu gunahaun kay shifa day

Mayn faltu bataun say rahun door hamayshah Chup rehnay ka Allah saliqah Tu sikha day

64

www.dawateislami.net
Madani Qai’dah

Akhlaq haun achchay mayra kirdar ho achcha Mahboob ka sadaqah Tu mujhay nayk bana day

Ustad haun ma bap haun ‘Attar bhi haun sath Yun Hajj ko chalayn aur Madinah bhi dikha day

ۡ َۡ ّ ۡ ٰ
َ ‫ا ُ َ َ ۡ ِ َوا ٰ ِ ٖ َو‬ َ
ِ ‫ِ َ هِ ا ِ ِ ا‬ ِ‫ا‬

65

www.dawateislami.net