1) I . PRELIMINARY TESTS: AiI.m: 15.

solution.drops d) heated. ings one c)

Saltb)
in water.Shaken Colour 2)State1) Expt.No.
3)
DETECTION OFSalt +
ANIONS:Solubility
a) Detection
Solution The necessary)
(Heated if Salt To
piece
of / H,SO,
Conc. Experiment detect
barium paper above dry a +
of Dilute
of
copper of water: in one
the solution tube
test group
chloride salt ball H,SO, SYSTEMATIC
anion
+ and turn of
3 + hydroxide+| and
anions Insoluble
Soluble/ Crystalline
HCIWhite
dilute
Characteristic the
Reddish dipped
glass effervescenceNo
Colourless
rodwhich evolution Brisk White/
Light
Pink one
Reddish
Reddish solution
effervescence QUALITATIVE
cation
precipitate gives
brown brown Observation
of
evolved.brown turns white gas Colourless solid/ in
gas the
gas
is brown.
gas Ammonium in
fumes is
Amorphus given
insoluble gas
is not is with ANALYSIS
evolved,
is
evolved.Nitrate evolved. evolved, gas inorganic
not with the
solid
in a OF
Group absent. Chloride is bonateGroup
(Ci)Group salt.
confirmed
presentand Group Group- |lpresent.Chloride(CI-)and
Bromide
(Br-)are Bromide
present. is present.
Group-
(Br) (CO.-)Group
Carbonate
present. is INORGANIC
Sulphate
(S0,) isN;aheNO
- - Inference
- (NO,) Il Il Il-
(CO,) ll-
|l is is is isI is
is absent. is present. present. absent. present.
present.
present. is is SALTS
absent
24 Car

Solution
dropNessler's b) III. sidesconc.Mohr' solution.
nitrate
silver
d) Saltnitrate solution.
c)nitrate
silver Salt
reagent
test:
solution. a) shaking.
1) volume
s Solution Brown ring
test Silver
test: nitrate
Silver
test: b)liberated i) a) 2.
C.T. Analysis
`alt DETECTION CATIONSOF C.T. C.T . tube
of + + C.T. Salt
Confirmatory C.T.
of
H,SO, dilute dilute
essler's of for + test salt of of for for containing
for is for
Dilute +
salt
Boiled.
Sodium freshly salt
ammonium of solution.
tube is nitrate: HNO,+ bromide: HNO, Chloride passed
Carbonate:
in zero added in H,SO,.The
reagent water Hydroxide without prepared water +2 lime into
group 5 2 test
alongdrops drops drops :water. the
+(NH,): + for
one equal
cation the of of of testLime gas anions
gas smell
dippedfumes Pungent solutions.
twBrown
o of sparingly
Ammonium
hydroxide ofyellow
precipitatePale hydroxide nisoluble
um Curdy
No
Reddish
brown
precipitate pungent
ammonia which water
inwith ring in
Conc. white
at soluble excess
turns
smell gives the
a
HCIglassammonia of
junction in precipitate
of milky
of
white excess Ammo
rod|
Ammonium
(NH,') is Ammonium
confirmed. absent.
(NH,)Group
is Ammonium
present.(NH;)Group
is Carbonate
(CO,=) is
confirmed.
(NO,-)
Nitrateis confirmed.
Bromide
(Br) is Chloride
confirmed.
-O -0 confirmed.
is present. is
absent.
(ClE)

25
 G6
Chloride. tion b)hydroxide
solution.
Sodium
Confirmatory 4) solution. chloride
Excess of d)hydroxide
nium c)
Hydrogern
sulphide b) a) shaken. 3) (If and a) |2) giverThe
b)shaken
-2)
a) Ammonium
hydroxide
Ammonium
carbonate +
chloride Ammonium
hydroxide+
e) Hydrogenchloride+
sulphide O.s. + 0.S. O.S.+
+
To Confirmatory
O.S. O.S. O.S. Detection insoluble
Salt Preparation
Salt
Dreparahen
Solid the
soluhon
soluon gina + +
+3 + + + +Excess + few
Boiled above Ammonium
excess Ammonium Ammonium Dilute Dilute Dilute
Ammonium drops in
of water) drops
and clear test HCI HCl of
of test
HCI group
for
of of and original
of of
Cooled solu for Ammo-precipitate +
water
group- of
soluble
|tate in
cations cations solution ergina
precipitate hydroxide
reappears.
Gelatinous
white give
toGelatinous
solution
Sodium precipi
white precipitate.
Whiteprecipitate
precipitate
coloured
No Flesh
Whiprecipitate.
precipitate: te
White
flesh /Gelatinous
precipitateNoprecipitate precipitate
No
whitepreeipitate No
BBackprecipitete
Ahite insoluble
Soluble /
Ill precipitateNo
cations Soluble
clear mtmmm
(O.S.)
solution.
Sotuon(os)
excess of (Al*) coloured

Therefore,
present. |May May Group- isVGroup-
absent.
-Vis
Group Strontium MayGroup Group May Gioupispresent.
Group- Original
pared
Calcium
(Ca*) Grouppresernt.
Greupt-is
Group
be be be
Aluminium(
Confirmed. A*) is -V
-V be in
Manganese Zinc -| ho
Barium Il
Aluminium Il I|- solution
water
Group ( is is is is is is
Sr²*) present.absent. (Zn²*) present. absent. present. gven
(Ba?*) absent. absent. /
- or dilute of
VI (Mn*) (AI) salt
is Zioc(zn2+)
or HCI pre Sal
Alnn(A) ;,
26
t
Marg2rage
(Mo} uno
absintwoys oncos

IV. a)O.S.+Ammonium
phosphate
hydrogen
disodium Confirmatory+ splinter.luminous
chloride a The conc.Flame d) c) potassium fnginal
b)solution a)solhonu
Confirmatory
chromate lafös.
hydroxide
solution.
Sodium
Result
Ammoniumhydroxide
solution.
is + solution. O.S.ongin o Þ.S. Confirmatory
scratched platinum 0.S.
paste
ganic
Given
salt Cation Anion HCI + +3
+ +
Sides Bunsen test: Ammonium ammonium
h'5uly
on dilute
wire/glass is in drops
with held solution.
of test watch aSalt test test
acetic of
a the flame in +
glass for the for for
test rod/ glass. drop 1 oxalate sulphate acid
group-V group-IV
group- using non
rod. tube of +

precipitate
whiteNo precipitate. precipitate
brownWhite
turns precipitate
solution soluble
excessWhite
White cations VI
precipitate flame
Brickred Grimson
ftamered Apple
precipitate
White yellowNo cations cations
ite preeipitate
¥ellew
greeftame when
preeipitate of
(Zn?*
Mg) ( (
Ba?*, exposed Sodium
and
Sr hydroxide
to Mn)
and air.
Ca*)
CalciumStrontium Ba?ispresent:
confirmed.
Magnesium StrentiufSr)is Barturn
Calcium Bais StrontiumfSris
present BariumBarium
Manganese
(Mn²) is Zinc(
Zn") is
confimed: confirmed.
confirmed.eOnfirned.
confirmed. (Ca*)
( Ba?*) ((
Ca?") ( Sr²*)
( is is is
Mg²) is present. absent. absent.

is