Senior High School

Reading and Writing

Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Identify Claims in Written Texts
Reading and Writing – Grade 11
Quarter 3 – Module 3: Identify Claims in Written Texts
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Region XI

Regional Director: Evelyn R. Fetalvero
Assistant Regional Director: Maria Ines C. Asuncion

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Ruth P. Bacquial

Editor: Fatima O. Bringas
Reviewer: Divilyn M. Rodriguez
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May Ann M. Jumuad

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 Senior High School

Reading and Writing

Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Identify Claims in Written Texts
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible for your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on
any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in
answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are
done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this
material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you identify claims explicitly and implicitly made in a written text,
particularly, Claim of fact, Claim of policy, and Claim of value.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Definition of claim and identify its Claim types
 Lesson 2 – Proof of Requirements in establishing claims both explicit and
implicit written forms
 Lesson 3 – Claims of Fact, Claim of Policy and Claim of Value

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 define claim and identify various claims in written text;
 determine proof of requirements in establishing claims; and
 identify claims explicitly and implicitly made in a written text.
a. Claim of fact
b. Claim of policy
c. Claim of value

Let Us Try
Read and answer the following questions. Choose the letter of the best
answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is the writer’s point or position regarding the chosen topic or the central
argument and the thesis statement of the text.
a. claim C. explanations
b. details D. statements
2. It is a sentence that summarizes the most important thing that the writer
wants to say as a result of his/her thinking, reading, or writing.
a. argument C. idea
b. claim D. proof
3. The claim is what the writer tries to prove in the text by providing details,
explanations, and other types of evidence. As such, it is usually found in the
_______ of the text.
a. Body C. Conclusion
b. Introduction D. All of the above
4. The type of claim which states a quantifiable assertion, or a measurable topic.
This answers the ―what‖ question.
a. Claim of Fact C. Claim of Policy
b. Claim of Value D. Claim of Cause and Effect
5. This claim is a judgment made based on morals, standards, and norms.
a. Claim of Fact C. Claim of Policy
b. Claim of Value D. Claim of Cause and Effect
6. It is specific and measurable action that needs to be done in order to address
issues or concerns presented in an argument or proposition.
a. Claim of Fact C. Claim of Policy
b. Claim of Value D. Claim of Cause and Effect

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7. This refers to an opinion that is based on personal experience and values that
should be supported with evidence.
a. opinion C. persuasion
b. argument D. debatable claim
8. It refers to details, facts, reasons, statistics, expert research, and personal
experience that directly relate to and support a debatable claim.
a. argument C. opinion
b. evidence D. credible sources
9. This refers to cited and properly attributed websites, reports, and articles
developed by experts.
a. argument C. opinion
b. evidence D. credible sources
10. This critical reading means that you are able to distinguish the information
that is clearly stated.
a. implicit C. assertion
b. explicit D. logical
11. These are ideas that are suggested to help make inferences about what you
read.
a. implicit C. assertion
b. explicit D. logical
12. The information is not stated outright in the text which needs to use the clues.
a. implicit C. assertion
b. explicit D. logical

For 13-15 questions, determine how the following claims are written. The choices
are:

a. implicit b. explicit c. assertion d. logical

13. The sampaguita’s roots are used for medicinal purposes, such as an
anesthetic and sedative.
14. National strength can only be built on character.
15. As a rule, in the General Community Quarantine during the COVID-19
pandemic, we need to present the Food and Medicine Pass when we go to the
grocery stores, pharmacies, and banks according to our scheduled days.

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 Let Us Study
Activity 1. Scan the Ad!
Look closely at a poster of an advertisement then be able to read the paragraphs
below to determine the claims that are evident in the text. Then answer the
questions that follow.

Milk is essential during this COVID-19 pandemic

by Ruth P. Bacquial

www.google.com

At your age now as a Grade 11 student, do you still drink milk and take your
multivitamins? Maybe you feel awkward to say yes because you have in mind you
are no longer a baby, right? But let us think of how important milk is even at your
stature now. Milk is an opaque white fluid rich in fat and protein secreted by
female mammals for the nourishment of their young but there is such thing as ―a
healthy mother will produce enough milk for her baby‖.

There are a lot of benefits that we can get from Milk since it is a nutrient-
rich beverage that can help our immune system in several ways. According to
Healthline, it is packed with important nutrients like calcium, phosphorus, B
vitamins, potassium and vitamin D plus, and an excellent source of protein.

Drinking milk and dairy products may prevent osteoporosis and bone
fractures and help you maintain a healthy weight. During this COVID19 pandemic,
Milk is a great source of boosting our immune system.

Milk is indeed essential in our body that is why it people from infant to
elderly should not stop drinking it. It is imperative that one should have Milk in
the household! Let’s just have Milk than the soda drinks.

Questions:

1. What is the poster of the advertisement all about?

2. What important information have you read about Milk?
3. What are the claims presented in the advertisement?
4. What type of claims are they?

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Activity 2A. Let’s Match up!

Match the short statements/ propositions in column A to the type of claims in

column B.

A B

A. Claim of Fact

B. Claim of Policy

1. C. Claim of Value

2.

3. MANILA, Philippines — UV Express vans and

conventional jeepneys will be allowed back on
the road next week, the Land Transportation
Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB)
chief told lawmakers on Wednesday.
4. In the bank, for deposits received offline,
account balance will be updated upon
resumption of online operations, BDO will not
assume responsibility for any damage from
non-outright crediting of the deposit.
5. In filling out SSS Forms, always indicate your
ID or SS number along with your name and
address.
6. Police anti-illegal gambling operations in Bicol
nets over 1,000 suspects, P200K bets
By: Mar S. Arguelles - Correspondent /
@msarguelles INQ Inquirer Southern Luzon / 02:23 PM
June 25, 2020

After going through with your answers let us now determine proof
requirements in establishing the claims.

For example:

Claim of fact: During the enrollment period, students need to bring their report
card, good moral character and Birth Certificate from PSA or Philippine Statistics
Office.

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Write your answers here based on your answers in the matching type.

1. Claim of Policy:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2. Claim of Fact:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

3. Claim of Value:

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2B. Explicit and Implicit

Read the statements below to distinguish which is explicit and implicit. Write your
answer on the blank space provided.

Sample is provided for you to follow:

Statement Explicit/Implicit
Written Form

―Are you angry with someone?

That is what Christian love is.‖ - Pope Francis Explicit

Begin here:

1. ―If you want to build a ship,

don’t drum up the men to gather wood,
divide the work, and give orders. Instead, teach them to yearn for the
vast and endless sea.‖ — Antoine de Saint-Exupéry,

French writer and pioneering aviator. __________

2. ―Leaders need to provide strategy and direction and to give employees the tools
that enable them to gather information and insight from around the world. Leaders
shouldn’t try to make every decision.‖ - Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft _________

3. Police anti-illegal gambling operations in Bicol nets over 1,000 suspects, P200K
bets - By: Mar S. Arguelles - Correspondent ___________

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Activity 2C: Identify the Claim

Now you are through distinguishing and differentiating explicit from implicit,
it is now our time to identify claims explicitly or implicitly made in a written text:
1. Claim of Fact, 2. Claim of Policy and 3. Claim of Value

Fill up the chart of what is asked in the column

No. 1 is done for you.

Statements Type of Claim Explicit or Implicit

1. We know that milk is Claim of fact Explicit -

an opaque white fluid, rich Milk is an opaque
in fat and protein, secreted white fluid rich in fat
by female mammals for the and protein.
nourishment of their
young.

2. I acknowledge receipt
of a copy of the statement
of the credit transaction
and that I understand and
fully agree to the terms
and conditions thereof.

3. Drinking milk and

dairy products may
prevent osteoporosis and
bone fractures and even
help you maintain a
healthy weight. This
COVID-19 Pandemic milk
is a great source of
boosting our immune
system and can help in our
good night sleep.

4. In a gentle way, you

can shake the world.
-Mahatma Gandhi

What is a Claim

A claim is the most important part of the text or it is also called as the
central argument or thesis statement of the text. It is a sentence that summarizes
the most important thing that the writer wants to say as a result of his/her
thinking, reading, or writing. Claims in texts are significant propositions /

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arguments. The logical and meaningful arrangement of claims allows a better
judgment of a reader while he/she determines the value of the claims cited.

The 3 Types of Claim

1. Claim of Fact states a quantifiable assertion, or a measurable topic. It usually

answers a ―what‖ question. It is an inference made based on data, documents,
scientific observation results, and research. Factual claims could be founded in
historical facts, in relational-causal events/concept, and prediction based on
plausible evidence.

When determining whether something is a claim of fact, the following questions

are useful:

 Is this issue related to a possible cause or effect?

 Is this statement true or false? How can its truthfulness be verified?
 Is this claim controversial or debatable?

Examples:

1. The sampaguita’s roots are used for medicinal purposes, such as an

anesthetic and a sedative.
This inference is based on scientific observation results, and research.

2. Due to this COVID-19 outbreak, classes were opened in October,

2020 as declared by DEPED and approved in Malacanang.
This is in relational-causal events/concept, and prediction based on
plausible evidence.

2. Claim of Value asserts something that can be qualified. It consists of

arguments about moral, philosophical, or aesthetic topics. It makes judgments,
based on certain standards, on whether something is right or wrong, good or
bad, or something similar. It also use of credible authority/experts for support.

To discover the explanations, you may ask the following questions:

 Which claims endorse what is good or right?

 What qualities should be considered good? Why?
 Which of these values contend with others? Which ones are more important,
and why? Whose standards are used?

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Examples:

1. God is saying to you today; ―I know you are physically and emotionally
drained. But you have to keep on going, I’ll see you through.‖ Amen.
(lessonslearnedinlife.com)

This consists of arguments about moral and philosophical topics.

2. Food for thought on Sunday of the 18th week in ordinary time on

August 2, 2020 by Monsignor Bonifacio Burlaza, ―Do I acknowledge my
need for God’s help or do I look to other things to satisfy this need?

The use of credible authority/experts for support is employed here.

3. Claim of Policy that specific and measurable actions should be chosen as

solutions to a particular problem in order to address issues or concerns
presented in an argument or proposition. This requires proposals of clear and
measurable actions or steps, justification of the proposed action, advantages of
the proposed action, possible counter arguments. You can easily identify a
claim of policy because they begin with ―should,‖ ―ought to’‖ or ―must,‖ Claims
of policy because they defend actionable plans, usually answering ―how‖
questions.

The following questions will be used in evaluating a claim of policy:

 Does the claim suggest a specific remedy to solve the problem?
 Is the policy clearly defined?
 Is the need for the policy established?

Examples:

1. To insure the accomplishment of this task of national spiritual reconstruction,

we shall formulate and adopt a social code that can be explained in the schools and
preached from the pulpits.

This entails specific and measurable actions as solutions to a particular

problem in order to address issues or concerns presented in an argument or
proposition.

Photo Credits to the Author

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 On the foregoing Covid-19 Pandemic, Mayor Sarah Duterte urged Dabawenyos to
stay at home, unless they are working or need to go out to buy food and medicines;
must wear face-masks in public places, observe physical distancing, and practice
frequent handwashing with soap.

This is a concrete example of policy claim because these defend actionable plans,
usually answering “how” questions.

Let Us Practice
Write the number of the text and the type of claim on the appropriate
column of the chart. It is possible to have an unequal number of items per category
in the table.

No. 1 is done for you.

Claim of Fact Claim of Policy Claim of Value

Example No. 1

1. The transition of Philippine presidents marked significant changes in our

culture and society. Despite the fact that History classes provide a
comprehensive discussion on these salient events, very few appreciate the
positive influence, the moral changes, and the contribution of Presidents in
the country.
2. Materialism has invaded every Filipino household partly due to advertising. A
typical household is exposed to various types of media: television, radio, print
media, and the internet. The repetitive nature of advertisements through
media reinforces recall among consumers that influence their buying habits.
2. Globally, about 1 in 3 women will be beaten or raped in her lifetime.
3. Positive values need to be reinforced among students. The value of honesty
and integrity, hard work and resilience are expected to be developed and be
cultivated both in the family and in the school.
4. The internet provides various platforms for dissemination of information
through news and information sites, documentary and public affairs sites,
citizen journalism, opinion, and trends through the social networking sites,
education and career related sites, and even entertainment sites.
5. During this COVID19 Pandemic, there is a need to present FM Pass or Food
and Medicine Pass in order to qualify to enter in the grocery stores and other
essential establishments under the GCQ or General Community Quarantine.
6. Follow health protocols like washing the hands or use alcohol from time to
time, wear masks when going outside and most especially obey the rules and

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 guidelines of the proper authorities to conform to the prevention of the spread
of Coronavirus.

Let Us Practice More

Read the news article below and accomplish the activities that follow.

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-08/02/c_139259181_2.htm

People are seen wearing face masks in Manila, Philippines on Aug. 2, 2020.
The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the Philippines surged to 103,185
after the Department of Health (DOH) reported a record-high 5,032 new cases on
Sunday, making a record daily increase for the fourth consecutive day.
The DOH reported 3,954 new cases on Thursday, 4,063 on Friday and 4,963
on Saturday, and the number of recoveries further rose to 65,557 after it
reported 301 patients who have recovered from the disease.
The death toll also increased to 2,059 after 20 more patients have
succumbed to the viral disease, the DOH said.

Metro Manila topped the five regions or provinces with the highest number of
daily confirmed coronavirus cases reported on Sunday with 2,737 cases.

The Philippines is currently assessing its "overall game plan" in the fight
against the COVID-19 pandemic after the medical community sounded "a
distressed signal" on Saturday, saying the country needs a "time out" to
"recalibrate the government's COVID-19 strategies."
"Our healthcare system is overwhelmed. The medical community appeals for
return to enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) in Mega Manila from August 1
to 15 to recalibrate strategies against COVID-19," according to a joint letter read
by Philippine Medical Association President Jose Santiago in a virtual press
conference.

Mega Manila consists of Metro Manila, Central Luzon, and Calabarzon

region. Santiago read the letter addressed to Philippine President Rodrigo
Duterte on behalf of the Philippine College of Physicians and more than 80 other
medical groups. The groups urged Duterte to impose the strictest lockdown
measures in these regions. Duterte has put Metro Manila under general
community quarantine until August 15, while other areas in the country are put

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 under varying degrees of quarantine.

Santiago said the 15-day ECQ will serve as a "time out" to "recalibrate the
government's COVID-19 strategies."

The groups also stressed in the letter that the country needs to "come up
with a consolidated plan" because it is in a "losing battle against COVID-19."

The groups said the ECQ is needed as healthcare frontliners "cannot hold the
line for much longer."

Duterte is scheduled to meet key cabinet officials later on Sunday to discuss

the concerns raised by the medical community, his spokesperson Harry Roque
said in a statement on Sunday.

Health Secretary Francisco Duque said in a statement posted on the DOH

Facebook page on Sunday that the government "will revisit and include the
inputs we have gathered in our overall game plan," referring to the issues raised
by the medical workers.

―We support the call of our frontliners to ensure a science-based approach

and stricter implementation of community quarantine measures," Duque further
said.
Source: http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-08/02/c_139259181_2.htm)

Directions: Fill in the chart with the needed information:

Claim Proof Implicit or Explicit

(Write the Claim of Facts (Write the Proofs for each (Identify whether the
found in the news) claim) claim is implicit or
explicit)
Claim of Fact

Claim of Value

Claim of Policy

Let Us Remember

 Claim is a sentence that summarizes the most important thing that the
writer wants to say as a result of his/her thinking, reading, or writing.

 Claims in texts are significant propositions/arguments.

 Claim of Value asserts something that can be qualified. It consists of
arguments about moral, philosophical, or aesthetic topics.

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  Claim of Policy asserts that specific and measurable actions should be
chosen as solutions to a particular problem in order to address issues or
concerns presented in an argument or proposition.

 Claim of Fact is an inference made based on data, documents, scientific

observation results, and research.
 Factual claims could be founded in historical facts, in relational-causal
events/concept, and prediction based on plausible evidence.

Let Us Assess
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen
letter on a separate sheet of paper.

For 1-10 items: Identify each statement below as:

A. Claim of Fact
B. Claim of Value
C. Claim of Policy

1. To insure the accomplishment of this task of national spiritual construction,

we shall formulate and adopt a social code that can be explained in the
schools, preached from the pulpits, and taught in the streets and plazas, and
in the remotest corners of our land.
2. Parents ought to enforce stricter guidelines in social media to safeguard their
children’s privacy.
3. Another name for social media is ―Web 2.0‖ because both terms emphasize the
social aspects of the Internet as avenues for communication, collaboration,
and creative expression.
4. Many teenagers’ present obsession with taking selfies showed that they are
the most narcissistic generation.
5. Teachers should use Online Class in presenting their lesson as a modality of
teaching these trying times.
6. Facebook is a cooler social media platform than Twitter.
7. In the first quarter of 2014, nearly 300 million smartphone units were sold all
over the world.
8. Social media is defined as the Internet and mobile –based tools and devices
that facilitate the Integration of technology, telecommunications, and social
interaction.
9. Too little value is attached to honesty.
10. We already have an effective values education program in place in school.

For 11- 15 items, below are statements written in different claims, identify the
claim if it is explicitly or implicitly made written text by writing the letter of the
correct answer.
A. Explicit B. Implicit

11. Teachers face numerous problems in delivering different modalities in

teaching this COVID Crisis.

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12. We must persevere with every ounce of our national vigor to eradicate poverty,
ensuring that the Philippines will have a bright tomorrow, and that truth and
justice will reign.
13. Pilosopo Tasyo is my favorite character in Noli Me Tangere because he is the
most interesting.
14. Educating the youth on responsible parenthood is the best way to prepare
them for having families in the future, since this effort involves the school, the
home, and the church.
15. Children are learning how to operate mobile devices at increasingly younger
ages; many of them have an idea of how to use a touchscreen tablet or any
gadgets.

Let Us Enhance
Below is a short excerpt of the proposition of the Anti -Terrorism Bill. Be
able to understand. Then identify the statements that show Claim of Fact, Claim of
Policy, or Claim of Value. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Rodrigo Duterte prefers to speak to his country late at night, when most
Filipinos are asleep, leaving weary night-shift reporters left to parse through the
Philippine president’s scattershot musings on the worsening coronavirus
outbreak, the flailing economy, and a new anti-terrorism law which the United
Nations and rights groups are worried could morph into an expansive attempt to
crush government critics.
Duterte’s latest pre-taped address, which aired around 1 a.m. on Wednesday,
was his first chance to speak publicly about the law after it was fast-tracked
through Congress despite concerns over the constitutionality of provisions
allowing an anti-terrorism council appointed by the president to authorize
warrantless arrests, detention without charge for up to 24 days, and 90 days of
surveillance and wiretaps. Since taking office in 2016, Duterte has arrested
political opponents, overseen thousands of extrajudicial killings in a brutal drug
war, and heaped praise on former dictator Ferdinand Marcos, adding to the
perception that the new law is the latest in an ongoing backslide into
authoritarian rule.

https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/07/10/philippines-law-terrorism-duterte/

Let Us Reflect
In this module you have learned the different claims made in written texts.
This skill is very important for you to become well-informed in the decisions that
you are going to make in the future and in real-life. Always remember that
arguments must be supported with facts and evidences.

13
 14
Activity 2
1. ―Leaders need to provide strategy and
direction and to give employees the tools that
Let us Assess enable them
1. C to gather information and insight from around
2. C the world.
3. A Leaders shouldn’t try to make every decision.‖
4. B — Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft
2. Police anti-illegal gambling operations in
5. C
Bicol nets over 1,000 suspects, P200K bets
6. B
By: Mar S. Arguelles - Correspondent /
7. A
@msarguelles INQ Inquirer Southern Luzon /
8. A
02:23 PM
9. B
June 25, 2020
10. B
3. ―If you want to build a ship,
11. A
don’t drum up the men to gather wood,
12. B
divide the work, and give orders. Instead, teach
13. A
them to yearn for the
14. B vast and endless sea.‖ — Antoine de Saint-
15. A Exupéry,
French writer and pioneering aviator.
Activity 2B
1. implicit
2. explicit
ACTIVITY 2A
1C 4. B 3. explicit
2C 5. B
3A 6. A
1. Claim of Policy –
data is in No.4 and
no. 5 in Act. 2a Activity 1a
2. Claim of Fact – 1. That milk is
Data is in data 3 essential this Let us Try
and No. 6 COVID-19
pandemic time. 1. A
3. no. 1 data
2. It can help boost 2. B
Activity 2B our immune system 3. B
1. Implicit in several ways 4. A
2. Implicit Note: Please accept 5. B
3. Explicit other correct
6. C
Act. 2c1 answers
3. Claim of fact/value 7. D
2. Claim of Policy
4. Claim of value - a 8. B
3. Claim of Fact
4. Claim of Value healthy mother will 9. D
produce enough 10. B
milk for her baby‖
Answer Key
 Bibliography

Gabelo, Nerissa C., Kristine Marie D. Concepcion, Edwin L. Nebria, Geoffrey E.

Girado, Warlita S. Mina, Theresa Y. Pesayco, Jocelyn B. Bacasmot, Mary
Ann E. Tarusan, and Jocelyn L. Noveloze. n.d. Reading-Writing: The Effective
Connection for Senior High School. Mutya Publishing House, Inc.
Tiongson, Marella Therese A., and Maxine Rafaella C. Rodriguez. 2016. Reading
and Writing Skills. First. Vol. 1. Rex Book Store.
(Www. Healthline.Com) Nutrition March 8, 2018.
https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/07/10/philippines-law-terrorism-duterte/
lessonslearnedinlife.com
http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-08/02/c_139259181_2.htm
https://www.google.com/search?q=milk%20black%20and%20white&tbm=isch&chi
ps=q%3Amilk%20black%20and%20white%2Cg_1%3Aclip%20art%3AEZc1Xj
0GIjg%3D&prmd=ivn&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhhIKezpXuAhUKYJQKHe
DIAFYQ4lYoAHoECAEQBA&biw=320&bih=489&fbclid=IwAR0eKeIeBtdMXbK
6NSHmLbnIsIAr7pJ5Z_E8yiRdvGmfWLnAdyKnsICianM#imgrc=OCIGPV41lx
H2OM
https://www.google.com/search?q=milk+black+and+white
www. Healthline.com) nutrition March 8, 2018
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Davao City Division

Elpidio Quirino Ave., Poblacion District, Davao City, 8000 Davao del Sur

Telefax: (082) 224-3274, (082) 222-1672

E-mail Address: [email protected]