PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS.
@ Random taperment » An activity Mak wield ome reyulky tg called,
Yondom experiment Re yandom varlable meany a al pe.
aygyeciaktd with @ outcome of a vandom experment.
Usk “S* be a yammple gpace, Hae she vanclom veriabble are >
wo HYPE © Diyevete yandom vawable
© conbinuowe candor variable
Q@PASCRETE RANDOM VARIABLE: Te ay a varicble witch can take
countable no of value. Exe Teyying a cein.
© CONTINUOUS RANIDOM VARIABLE: Te iy a variable wheve, Me
data can take infinitly many value. Bt Tempevadure
@PROBRBMITY MASS FUNCTION: Bi 4ne probability
= IVanane
Q@ PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTION © I ig Ate Probability
Aigtibubion q\ a conkinuoug Yandom vawable and provider
He aytedaded values.
@ Vownnce, 7 = (Px*Y Gd dx
@ PRD 0 o& YHIF0
@ fp q@mea=t @ sv= \Vanance
@ mean, pee [x dGd-e
© Show Ack Ae gollowing probsbilihey eablly properticg of ORV
Caiigerete oncom varlable] Aence gind thy mean and vowence .
[x PoTe T se [te |
*
re | ve | ae | ae | is]
PO) = 38
Yo weve, PCH) © Me
p(%)=3e PCH) = Ts ——
ST
EPC = Pa) 4 PEG) «PGa) & Pu) = He + tle Mes Ve
Hence given probabilibigg -yakiyly DRY property
Mean, = 2 Pu)
i,
.
Nowance,
wr 8 x oy yp
TION: Go) Gag s(oay = co
= Hoo ~ gas
5
vung. (6m)
Fa AWE Value of *K* wack AHat Ame
Siyercke probability ai
defabin, pCa J, PHI) and P (exe a),
x Sa fo [i ays
Pe aK oak [ux | 3k [as] ike
ea? Given = Pays K PG. hk
POR) aK PKS) 23,
POs) 3K Pada
P (xa) ek
WHI, St PCat) = 1
ti
Adllowing diptabubion vepret
ebution fence gina, ttan, wphondard,
* RAAKA SKANK ASK FAR AK =
\SKel
®e he
x [PO | arog
| 3 aK
ax h 8k
i 3K ‘ 3K
‘ AK o ° ia
: 3K aK \ 3K
7 ak HK 4 BK
. 1K SK g DK
Sx-r)=o 5 52.9(3)= NOK
Eoe-e(x)= NOK ! i
TO PEE x. Ga
is
: 2
@ Vowance = Sx ro)-pY = noK-0 = OC Ye)
8.2 Ve = use
@resr)
PC-sd)a Gada PO) 490) 490)
= XR GAKA BEEN ASK
= BK = 1871) = [Link]
@ eGo = Pars pl) = aKa sak = 3 (he) = oes
OrCrexzay . o@e(de rea)
MWA BIEN AK = SNE = BC Mfg) =
salos|a3
@ A random vowoble 'x’ Aay
x qind OK@ Pare
x Joi fa
r@]o le | ax
Ye Hac, PD =P (0) =0
POad= Pek
PGa) =V(@)=ak
P(an) = P(a)eak
& prebabilihy dp. der Vawany valucy of
© P(%>6) @ P(aexts)
5) = Wh) = 3
Pee) < W(S)=
P(x) = 106) = aR
P(e) T= FR
s
ae = PO) st
Om oaks aks aks ke wa ales sey k=}
AK # OK
torts a >
yok AIOK-VK -1 0
yok (Kn) - (ka!) <0
Gok ~1) (xsi) eo
Lee tho). Keo!
© P(xz6)
x» O 1 ais 4 5 S
Pe) o ot Ga GA 13 0.01
q
O0A 0.4 P(x
P(xe6) 2 OF o-1 40.2 4a + OO!
Pocans)e p(a) + Ca) = aoa 4 OF +
OPCaexsc) = pers Play ¥P(S)4 C6)
= PR40.3 40.014 0.08
Bea wea way AFD # PED AC)
O Sheu stat ARC Ho woofer X20 ip PDF, ence dind PCS HI)
{SP* Given. IGrefer xz0
° x40
| F400 see (ONO FY Cae
=f o-dx 4 Lt o% dx
ERT eed oa
[MS glvea prohsbilihy dunetion se veh
{ Now, P(Lsex
=f letaeo = Ws = 9
= ad
A
az|oclas
Binemiel Dighibution
Binomicl Digtoution i 'P Re Ame Probability a] Kucceyy and oy iy
‘Ae probability of dailuve, We probability of “a YUrceLYe ouk B
ra
W tral dye qyen by [PG
gusset (2m)
eo. and Standurd dtviation of binomial diyimbulln
wit, POD: Mx P%Q
7 eS 2 PO
reon(s) * 2 P6
7 ” mh
= fey Pe gn
Pe Bx Sx Pow
Bree sh pg
Been
~F sol pe
Ganev)!
5 a1)! ot (nd Coen
pepe eG »
Gayl (979)
pe ap 2 oy ra @-9-Ge-)
i ey
ges ap pean
(a= eel Lv ase Nawiunee (V) = Sx p(x) <2?
Now, Sat pg 2 [eve] 2
2 E xr e F x-069
> = say Ce p%a rey op
> Satan ml Aaa np
a Zio
ES n(yen-ayt Peete ane
8 Geral (nrg 7
. eo a Coad (ea)
Fn(n-pe oS (n-ayy Begin 4 np
in Gead\ [(n-3) “Ga
= ROPE Sana x8 (na) = (x-a)
XD eed Pow
+ np
= mCandp? Cqap) 8a np
Ext 0G) =n (ep emp
“Vawiance © aCn =p 4 np = (np?
= net = pt any - wpe
= ape apt
sappy [rae
ory
sslociag Bi
© When & cein ig totgred Ktimey dnd Ate probebility ql getting
Oexacthy one Read @ akmogt 3 heady © okleat a Reaey
WHT, fe probAbilily of “x° KUccagE out 9
se
@xt,n24
PO) = Rey pig”
nv’ braliy tie given by
FOD= Clg? PO =
——. (0.5)'(0.8)?
Tet (=o)
PO) 2 at (0.3)"
rl
POY= A Gays
1
ry
® PCalmopr of 3 heady’) = P(xro)4 (xy) ee Geada (res)
WKY, Gd ey pan
FH Ne Cost Coast" ale, Cost" (0.8)? 4 “eg ([Link]) 4 “Cs Co-51 (0.5)?
Wl : 7
Sey" hogs)" aye wae
wer Sy OF FS Costs ML Gos)
sty
= (os) (v4 Kagan]
Gea) 4 pee)
“cales) 0)" 4*cy (8)"(05)°4 “ey, (0.
Megha WL Costa Uh
©"
ayy ilet
s)"(.5)"
Oty 800 Aomiligg®S eailedien cock , ow many amily could be creme
4p have Osby © Sgity © cia gov 3 heyy
Qokmeyt s girly by euyguming
Prebablltige ge a. way end
AE te be cquad,
800 #)+ Boo", pXgr*
Owe xs
900 x8 peg)
= BOO y SL Cra)? (Ye)*
AS > BOOy SEHXSKARI (o.5)*
(axax)(axt)
© 800 x5 xa x (0S)>
Ones,x
B00 XC, peqn™
4
B00 FC, phat
= G00 x
(os) =
Slol
@ s00 [ r(aya r(ay]
= [a Par ® 4%, tq?
]
800 os)8y St
GsY C0594 5! (o.5)3
[Sy ; “Hal if 8 Cos" |
800 [10 (0.5) + 10(0.5)°] = S00
® so0( P(ss POa)« P(5)]
7 800 [ Fes yaa %, gh!
= 800[ S$! (o.5)8(0.5)" 4 $1,
318)
S*_ (0.57% (0.5)' aL = 8) *(oa']
AUN
= 800 [10 (0-5) 4 5 Cos} 4 \(0.5)° ]
Pc. pra]
> Hoo.
© Whe number 0g Actephone Winey buy
yy ok an Inytant of Hime
ig & Binomial vorable with probability 0.1 Rak
Vane
‘re burey HY 10 Rney cre chooen wher iy ae probability
© vo line ie Puy @] OW Nowy ove buy © Mileage One ne
Ye wupry DAlmoyke a Vinee ove buyy,
N=10, Peo 2 lps Og
P@)= %
gt
ce pean
THI cy (ony*- (0-9)
@x0
@x=10
PO) “c, Cony?.0.3)”
P08) = eg Coad"® (orgy?
r@ 7 PL wes)” He 01
of 101
Poo)
P(0) = 0.3487.
ay".3)°
101 Go=1a)l
= MON" (o.9)°
PO) = rg! 1 OPeckabil
WAAL ck Aeayl ene Vine iy butly
© To Corcbabitthy a ne tine ig buy)
(0) = \~o ayes =
@ Probability that a
=)
3
© Magy tre bay
NWO, X20 Pie FOV4 PG) a pla)
HOV= [ee oe WH tate), (to, ae oaa-s
OT [Ptr a+ [eat J [Wes rr]
POE GyGoat?s L (ony'Geal®y vt Con? (0.5)" =
ae Tal as .
on ctvtal
naling mop flat 57 oh a ptople making yeyeration on 7
{hy AFey will Nek oq oy] Ateve pelvey ay to Yay Sa Kekelye ee a
ability Ke!
iat they can only hold so people What dogg tne Por eiliky +
will Ve wey pauyenger who hung up
ce PBEARE probability ak We payyenger will mot bom up (F
Peoor, qelp
ay
- 0.05 0.88, ne Sd
Ak x be AAC po a] payyengerts who will nok tern up
PG) = MG PR Qn
PGI C (0.08)* Co-35)
A iat aie cxguured dor all porstenger ff te ne ol poyrengey whe
fail 4 4am up ay mort flan 3.
+ pteead=1~(r Gay]
= 1- [eG +P) :
21> [ SC, (0.05)" (0.95)°* + Sc, (o.05)' (0.95)"]
2 5a
rie [ S81 (o,95) +
ET ar
(0.05) (0-98) °"
j= 0.8595
= OFNOS.
solee]as
Potyyon'y Diyembutton ;
ap Ae probabilihy 9} {sce and 'g, be afte probability -¢
gailure . TRe prea 4 } yuceayye ouk of Waly ty ger by
p(xde mse
21 whne me np
vohee m fe Re Ginite. conygtont WHT, PCO = mt
eS dy dighibutien
Mean_ond \andard Deviation of Ae Poiigeon' yt Mig nbuder
a]
Pee me™ [em]
WET, Variance =
Sera
Now Fray. S (ee-nss]
7S owen 2 wen
Gea} xe Cen
somem SS tt aoe
xa Goal
me [lam gmt
Wal
ELM] bag
= mtm
Eat py
x0
“+ Noviante =
S xt-pey ~p
mt mam
Vaviance = rn
*|Standord deviakin vm
olor [as
Ove number of accidenbe ina Wear to dria fa a ey Qalow
Poigyeny diitibubien wil anean 3 ove
ap
\ toc0 Stlvene tind
4 drivery ith © No
BE of Ltn yeas
cceldenty +e
BMor tron 3 Accidenty ne Yay. seh wa,
The peniagrion dighibalien (ye given hy PG):
ome
DN a Area with no eeecidkenl fs) a year = O00 XFCE)
Reve x0,
3
= 1000 x 8C7* L \Q90 x 0.05
ol
om
= 000 % nee
a
-
lege]
Q@robaitiky g) move Aan 3 accidatyy = apc)
at rears STOR RICIEY ror}
+ No. qd driver uk ol love wit mer
QA yop fay 4 areyel gensator yee wien HE Airey svergday. Re
demand gor a yee cra average ig a polyyon Worse, with vobut Sfp. |
Pe]
3)
* Joveostnes sans]
e aBan 3 accident te
= 350.
Odbain AAe probability Afak on tT pasteles Moy © “Weve wey no
demand @ A demand Rad bo be reuyed.
BE pro la
wat, rd = we®
=
@ x0
PCO) = Ga)?
a
¥(e) = 0.08208,
OTE
Open
@pom= Zr
2
@ rh
poew) = t= (rs)
Hue m= 5[g = 8.5
~ [reo +20) + Plas ve) 4700]
aif Lat? «ashe F4 ga
ol
casyre®S + (as e
31 4
= yoo [essa (ast,
“a
an
(as)? 4 (99)
SS
31
\oooxoaF |
1 Oa oo neat BYOBAKIEY) A Yong bladeye Royg
OA gaclory mangackoing Badge Hoy a Probably oh Yso
ie m dey ove upped in packets af
S pobiawiity to be defected Whe bladeye i ee
JOUVE poigeon’y digibution to calculate Ihe approximate no of
Packely containing @ No defective blade @ defective blade @ a
Hdective bladgs ta @ conyriament af 19,000 pocket,
Bo p= probability of dgective bladey
P gee 7 O.008
Tn w packet of 1, mean umber o| cefective blade ae m=np
™ = 100.008 = 0.03
© Heve x=0 fea.
“Na of packely containing no blade = 19,000 xr) |
310,000% T(0)
= 301.996 packelye
* 80a packet,
Ox
No of packets wit ene deck ~ 10000 xP)
~o.08
mNeseox CNN (0-93)! vag.o1
7 £196 packet
Oxea
= Wwooe ¥ P(a) = 1.36
= 10009 x@.0a)"x TS A ae
al es
osloxlas
NOTE! Poiggtion Dighibubion ig regarded oye the Hmiting dorm of Re
dineminl cighibation when nm ay Weng loge (nam) ond Py
We prbability Uy vey ymall -Cp-say ye Ae np Rend hy
% Gaike conyant ‘oy,
QAF of Hie fue manachied by He factory fy Gourd fe be defective,
find Re Yrobobility ARak a bex containing Q00 Auge. Rag
GO Mo defective fuze (sar move defective Auieeg. (on) move Ran 3
Adjectivy
Mol Here, Pr a soa » = 300 S © {veep
Me nxp
M= 800 0.08 © Hor x6
P= mem
ae
xl
later ete Gertie
@ Mere x zs
POxzay es ‘Trois raya re]
Porae i. (is ee ee]
o] Mead
CO ersayeny = 0.36 \g
P(xeaye
QO Hee x3
P(xe3) eu ~CPco) + Paya PCa) ¥ 703)
Phra) 1 [EY ek a ya
& [ ot AS + < + 7 ]
°G>3) = [Link].
—=—= ncn
@r Probability 4Rat dhe neune veade commit, no — in veadling
Me neue ty Ye. Rind ae probability Rok on Ake Perticulay neuns
Re committe. @y only A mrgtoke (1) move HRon 3 mniigtake wi) clmayt
3 mittake,
in . se 4 Here x28, mes,
flor Hor p= t+ os 0.0h3 70
‘ if PO): Eee CPG Lg ano,
Riven pO) iis / © aaa fae
ni J @uen xs
rem oes
Heoienat ress [PCD +P 4 PCa) HP(3)]
F i i :
Ye P(oea)e ye ae?
eae? | eee ke]
J DU seg dS
} eal
fae yA P(0r3) 2 0.3595
@Wee xox
P(xsae 1~ [rors p(y s r(ays P(3))
P(xe3)= (-0.35ag = [Link].
O7AK ra of accidents Per day Gi) Rog recorded tn ovine over a.
period q Hoo cloye ag given dit dhe Peeyon Aiybrbubon gor tac
dots and caleulatt ine ‘Reovtical raved. ee
“elo | ja
Asay
Wel wn, pom
HHT PELs mie" 2,
MA UG) = 400 x PG)
AGI= 00x
JO 183,
(o.38as)*
1
1 fing X£0,1,8,3,%,5 ing
Weovelical Gequencigy ave abteined dy jeubye hating Aw
§@)= wash)
sl 7
| cctov as
(OFS & polyyen aitchibubten ARE dollouing data and coleulede
jae *eovehicad grequenciys, (n= aca)
o [i Tafate
sae] cof | aly
x 4
PMT Bem= Elo) _ gs6oezos ee
SE hot, om Sasee soa sey
= 25
SS P@ ene Ga)X cos
' =I x
*E 40 = 00 x Pay
A> 00x (o.5)% (0.8055)
SiOx (0.5)% (9.6065
A® = tans (o.5)*
x
Theoreheal Gequtnciyy ave sbtained by
N webytiuting
KF OU SSH in ey
= 18030) 2 lays
Ao) 0 a3 = 3 (05)
d@)= vars (0.572 [ove Ve ean yoy Wet WE Meemel eho aly es
TR TAL teecten ait pr even tp ake out
A@= ta1.3(o.s)2 | onyuty qursbien
=~ = SN
3 Hema
400 = ar.s (0.5)" : Show ae
SS no 1
ts[o¥|a3
Nonal Digbibubjon
#AHe continuy pobabilily ciphibubion Roving Ae pobaibiliky enyihy
dunckion 49 ite given by 4d COM ant
where — 09 0,
[Ae Re mean ond © fy Abe ptondard deviation] Thy ag known
ay normal diycibuion
HH Wap of ARe pwbatility chichibubion 4CO ty a bell hee: curve
fymmetrical ahowt Re line x= p ond ay called normal probably
CANE yor
=H
The Hine a= pe divides ie Lota area under ARE UYVE which ye
equal tol info a equal party.
BEAK jy called yidard nermal variate. (SNV]
HAYA (FMM Go vepepenty He area under Re pkandorel
Vee sexed awe (hem ot x,
Eybobliehed Ryvulty
© P(-meze0). 6
LO 9 eax 2
9 Pm sz20). [OI @a = eos
Je
O P(oszem) = ym 9@) 82 © Yasos Overoayy,
@vGmezen) = 9Ce
fe UC zen) = os4 o(m)
Ora) ~ plene) -P(0824%)
J= 0.8 9 (z)
=r
rcs
lot las,
OW maviay
SHehIbub On with antan |
WHS Markey will be
Oley Aan S5_G) move than wy
TEE WE be Ae mankyy ay tua
“ Standavd sown | he
Nowak
| © x=65
65-40
| 3
| Se,we Nave dind PCz<-1)
| + pee) = plas)
I = P(a%0)~P(oeear)
03-90)
= 0.5~ 0.3413
e
= assy.
“Noval trbudentys tearing Lees
Afion 65 mavkg
= 1000 x 0,887
58.
(3) We Rove ging, P(A< Far)
a r(oNG¥) = P(za0)-ploex eres)
= OS -OKsaSy
= O.0WFKG x ASO
= 04-5
ttumber @ boli =
= MS bulb \ayt mere Afar Bt00.
ay
2 eed t (0008
\elorlas é
Nore = 1)
a8
@ avo yludends appear thon -txominakin and he moskyrdiyorbuled.
novmally with mean 30 and.S.p G.d5+ Hein many (rudeniy ove.
expected te gee Re marke
@ Bly 80% HO G) lage Ren 35, er
HSE ta a be Ae emeaky
Givens ps3, Gas
A. a0
~ Gas
© wh Ravers gind PCAo Saye ¥ (4. an68)
=p%2 Laas
* GO 2 \.Aa63
Spa aacses eo4@
On yong OO
Ps 8.53. and 23.35
Oh nowmal cipribusion sis. aj Ae Mem om vader 4S and 87 sf He
Yum are over Gh. Find pond 5.0.
Gel ME ps ond & be mean ond $.P
taker e(x445) = 0.3)
2(>64) = 0.08
for eens, Zea 2 Uso LW = (yey)
For KOH, Ze wae. Ba 7 (say)
We fave a - 7
i 2 P(Z>Za)= 0.06
P(zem)= 0.31 a eeaente
0-5 +8(z)= 0.31 , i ae
BCa)= ~oag ; 8 Cay oma
g(a= ~seos) f ¥ Cas) = ethig’ ee
“ os Sey :
“NSH L085 i = SHA sy
> Roos =4S Gg > prlhe = G4 o®@
We fave oy On yoWwing OL@
SO and = 10 Ey pomntfel Dimlbe
pook AanBlenk goookss Afon a0.
dor \ boa
Glan Ma Contin am
\ An Z
poh ° , eater
. , ole
be pat 4 aetleal wep Joe
2
kaw 7 w f two
as
cy o \
Vow pws 1” fin) AN > fr Ae de
a ¢
Wen bee af a ane
via None oA a,
- oA
ree Ny ca os A [+ erp Y),
we
uw Ge Fe? _ [bw] = yn pa - Yay
7 ey edn
Pani) = nr | find > Pode aly L
Ke r ie 5 may an 4s
aes nats M whe - Lo
oan, 7 A | a
vsti * Yy 2 7 ai ;
sea me keg
Mos Dye Wy
; se ope re Dee he
sy vy | \
a ave
Ve = .
joi
aK *
7 fe a .
Me Je . a i
°
wi ped = (= 7
- ; =
Yan so
ove 74 a
;
gy pen enty = Poy nS
Ge 9
d : : vy) 6
ie | o el eee oe
a) a
o. |
