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PR SH 3

This document discusses examples related to Ginzburg-Landau equations, type-II superconductors, and Josephson effects. It includes deriving expressions for the coherence length, thermodynamic critical field, and type-II material properties. It also estimates magnetic flux quanta and derives the DC Josephson equation for a narrow superconducting bridge.

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13 views2 pages

PR SH 3

This document discusses examples related to Ginzburg-Landau equations, type-II superconductors, and Josephson effects. It includes deriving expressions for the coherence length, thermodynamic critical field, and type-II material properties. It also estimates magnetic flux quanta and derives the DC Josephson equation for a narrow superconducting bridge.

Uploaded by

panzhanghiggs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PHYS40451 (Superfluids and Superconductors) – Examples 3

9. Ginzburg-Landau equations
9.1. Using the first Ginzburg-Landau equation, find the solution for a spatially homoge-
neous ψ-function in zero magnetic field. Derive the expression for the equilibrium condensation
energy. Express the thermodynamic critical field, Bc (T ), in terms of the parameters a and β.

9.2. Using the first Ginzburg-Landau equation in zero magnetic field and the trial solution
ψ = ψ0 sin(x/ξ), find the value of the length scale ξ (coherence length) at which ψ(x) grows
from zero along the normal into the superconductor’s surface, x.

9.3. From the empirical temperature dependences of Bc (T /Tc ) and λL (T /Tc ) calculate the
parameter α at T = 7.0 K for bulk lead. Then calculate the Ginzburg-Landau coherence length
at T = 0.99Tc . The empirical temperature dependences are
2 !
T

Bc = Bc (0) 1 −
Tc
and
4 !−1
T

2 2
λ = λ(0) 1− ,
Tc
where
m∗ m
λ(0)2 = 2
= .
µ0 q (ne /2) µ0 e 2 ne

10. Type-II superconductors and the vortex state


10.1. Derive the relations between the G-L parameters (α and β) and Bc , ξ = h̄(−2αm∗ )−1/2 ,
βm∗ 1/2
 
1
λ= q −αµ0
, κ = λ/ξ, Φ0 = h/q:
!1/2
µ0 Φ
Bc = −α = √0 ,
β 2π 2λξ
h̄2
α=− ,
2m∗ ξ 2
!1/2
m∗ 2β
κ= ,
qh̄ µ0
µ0 Γ Φ0 ln κ Bc ln κ
Bc1 = ≈ 2
= √ ,
Φ0 4πλ 2κ
2αm∗ Φ0 √
Bc2 = − = = 2κBc .
qh̄ 2πξ 2

10.2. Using the table values of κ and Bc , calculate Bc1 and Bc2 for Nb3 Sn.

1
10.3. Estimate the number of magnetic flux quanta in the flux due to the Earth’s magnetic
field (≈ 49 µT in Manchester) through a loop of diameter 1 cm.

10.4. Using the table in section 10.3 of the lecture summary, indicate which materials are
type-I and which are type-II superconductors?

11. Josephson effects


11.1. The equation for the RF Josephson effect is only valid for small voltages V such that
qV < 2∆ ∼ kB Tc . Estimate the upper limits for voltage and Josephson frequency for lead and
YBa2 Cu3 O7 .

11.2. Using the Ginzburg-Landau equations, derive the DC Josephson equation for two bulk
pieces of a superconductor connected by a narrow bridge of length a  ξ made of the same
superconductor. Consider the case of zero magnetic field and temperature sufficiently close to
Tc (so ψ is small, and one can neglect the non-linear term in the first equation).

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