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ES Metamorphism

1. Metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock to rock with a different mineral composition or texture due to changes in pressure and temperature. 2. There are two main types of metamorphism: regional metamorphism, which occurs over large areas exposed to high stress and produces foliated rocks like slate and schist, and contact metamorphism, which occurs near igneous intrusions and produces non-foliated rocks like hornfels and marble within a metamorphic aureole. 3. The mineral composition, composition of fluids present, amount of pressure and temperature, and original rock composition influence the resulting metamorphic rock.

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62 views25 pages

ES Metamorphism

1. Metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock to rock with a different mineral composition or texture due to changes in pressure and temperature. 2. There are two main types of metamorphism: regional metamorphism, which occurs over large areas exposed to high stress and produces foliated rocks like slate and schist, and contact metamorphism, which occurs near igneous intrusions and produces non-foliated rocks like hornfels and marble within a metamorphic aureole. 3. The mineral composition, composition of fluids present, amount of pressure and temperature, and original rock composition influence the resulting metamorphic rock.

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METAMORPHISM

Prepared by:
LEMUEL A. ARANGORIN
SHS Special Science Teacher 1 (2023)
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, I should be able to:


1. describe the changes in mineral components
and texture of rocks due to changes in pressure
and temperature (metamorphism). (S11ES-IIc-d-26)
Metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock (the protolith)
to rock with a different mineral composition or texture.
Metamorphism occurs at extreme temperatures and pressures
higher than 200 ˚C and 300 MPa (Mega Pascals).
THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF THE
RESULTING METAMORPHIC ROCK
is influenced by the following:

MINERAL COMPOSITION
OF THE ORIGINAL OR PARENT ROCK

COMPOSITION OF THE FLUID


THAT WAS PRESENT

AMOUNT OF PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE


DURING METAMORPHISM
In metamorphism, all changes (physical or chemical) that
rocks undergo occur in the solid state (no melting involved).
TWO MAIN TYPES OF
METAMORPHISM

REGIONAL METAMORPHISM

CONTACT METAMORPHISM
REGIONAL
METAMORPHISM This takes place over
huge areas that were
exposed to high degrees
of distortion under
differential stress such as
in mountain ranges.
It usually produces
foliated metamorphic
rocks such as slate,
schist, and gneiss.
Foliation can occur when a differential stress develops in rocks, wherein the pressure
acting on all sides of the rock is not equal. Rounded grains will flatten perpendicular
to the direction of the maximum compressional stress. In addition, sheet silicates and
minerals that have an elongated habit will grow with their sheets or direction of
elongation perpendicular to the direction of maximum stress.
Metamorphic grade pertains to the temperature and/or pressure
condition(s) to which a rock has been subjected during metamorphism.
There is a direct correlation between the grain size of metamorphic rocks
and the metamorphic grade.
CONTACT
METAMORPHISM
This occurs nearby igneous
intrusions and comes from
high temperatures related
with the igneous intrusion.
Metamorphism is limited to
a zone called a
metamorphic aureole
which surrounds the
intrusive magma.
When an existing
body of rock have
direct contact
with magma, the
existing rocks’
temperature rises
and becomes
infiltrated with
fluid from the
magma.
It usually
produces
non-foliated
metamorphic
rocks
such as
hornfels, marble,
quartzite, and
novaculite.

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