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Measuring Internal Consistency Reliability

Internal consistency measures how closely related items on a test are and whether they measure the same underlying construct. There are three main types: Cronbach's alpha, split-half tests, and Kuder-Richardson tests. Cronbach's alpha is most commonly used and ranges from 0 to 1, with higher numbers indicating better alignment of items. It is calculated using a formula that considers the number of items and the variance between items and total test scores. The document provides an example calculation of Cronbach's alpha using sample test score data.

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389 views4 pages

Measuring Internal Consistency Reliability

Internal consistency measures how closely related items on a test are and whether they measure the same underlying construct. There are three main types: Cronbach's alpha, split-half tests, and Kuder-Richardson tests. Cronbach's alpha is most commonly used and ranges from 0 to 1, with higher numbers indicating better alignment of items. It is calculated using a formula that considers the number of items and the variance between items and total test scores. The document provides an example calculation of Cronbach's alpha using sample test score data.

Uploaded by

Codes, Jolina T.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Internal consistency

Internal consistency

-assesses the correlation between multiple items in a test that are intended to measure the same
construct.

-a type of reliability used to determine the validity of similar items on a test. All questions on a test
proposed to measure certain content should produce similar and consistent results.

How to measure it

There are three types of internal consistency reliability. Each is a statistical measure and uses a
mathematical formula to determine if the test results relate to the content. The three internal
consistency measures are Cronbach's Alpha, split-half test, and Kuder-Richardson test.

When using the three internal consistencies, one uses Cronbach's Alpha. Cronbach's Alpha has a range
of 0-1. The closer to 1, the more reliable the assessment. The scale determines how much agreement
each item in a test has. The more agreement, the more the question are aligned or alike. The scale is as
follows:

0.00-0.69=Poor alignment

0.70-0.79= Fair alignment

0.80-0.89= Good alignment

0.90-0.99= Excellent/strong alignment

Cronbach's Alpha Formula:

α=(K/K-1) ( Sy² - Sum Si² /Sy²)

Where:

a = Cronbach's Alpha

K = the number of items in the scale

Sum Si² = the sum of the variance of the each item

Sy²= the variance of the total column


SAMPLE PROBLEM

ITEM 1 ITEM 2 ITEM 3 TOTAL

6 6 8 20

5 5 6 16

9 8 6 23

3 2 4 9

2 3 2 7

1 1 2 4

5 4 6 15

Variance 7.29 5.81 5.15 48.95

α=(K/K-1) ( Sy² - Sum Si² /Sy²)

α=(3/3-1) (48.95-18.25/48.95)

α= (3/2) (30.7/48.95)

α= (1.5) (0.63)

α= 0.945

Variance Formula:

s²=Sum (x; − x)²/n - 1


x= 4.4

n Item 1 x;-x x(x;-x)

1 6 1.6 2.56

2 5 0.6 0.36

3 9 4.6 21.16

4 3 -1.4 1.96

5 2 -2.4 5.76

6 1 -3.4 11.56

7 5 0.6 0.36

=43.72/7-1

=43.72/6

=7. 29

x= 4.1

n Item 2 x;-x x(x;-x)

1 6 1.9 3.61

2 5 0.9 0.81

3 8 3.9 15.21

4 2 -2.1 4.41

5 3 -1.1 1.21

6 1 -3.1 9.61

7 4 -0.1 0.01

=34.87/7-1

=34.87/6

=5.81
x= 4.9

n Item 3 x;-x x(x;-x)

1 8 3.1 9.61

2 6 1.1 1.21

3 6 1.1 1.21

4 4 -0.9 0.81

5 2 -2.9 8.41

6 2 -2.9 8.41

7 6 1.1 1.21

=30.87/7-1

=30.87/6

=5.15

x= 13.4

n Item 2 x;-x x(x;-x)

1 20 6.6 43.56

2 16 2.6 6.76

3 23 9.6 92.16

4 9 -4.4 19.36

5 7 -6.4 40.96

6 4 -9.4 88.36

7 15 1.6 2.56

=293.72/7-1

=293.72/6

=48.95

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