FIRST CERTIFICATE COURSE

WORD FORMATION BOOKLET

 Discuss the questions.
1 llo,",v ,,clr persona ty7
do you th nk yotr fi e.cs ., :,,-r a cesci l-.e

2 What persona rty character st cs dc .,'o- slare ',r,, th citrei me'lbers of your famrlyT

: Do the personality quiz.

.
l

,,,::,t1}i,,,::,:;,:;..;$.,t:r.it,;;:§,,*;*.,;,;,..;ar||,,,?á ,

How likely are you to ...

Very Ouite likely Ouite
Neither Very
likely likely nor unlikely unlikely unlikely

soend most evenincs c,t

social medra?

get talking to people on a

train or plane?
always think you are right?

make decisions q uickly?

organise a party?

discuss a problem openly

with friends or family?

Turn to page 138 to get your results. Then complete sentences 1-6 so
they are true for you.
1 l'm very likely to . 4 lrC d,flc-.Lo
2 ltendto . 5 Lees^owa¡l'd..
3 l'm good at -tng 6 There's a s ight chance I might

Work in pairs. Compare your sentences and discuss the questions.

1 How much do you have ln common?
2 What did you learn from your results?
3 Do you thlnk thls is an accurate test of personal ty?
to
Vocabulary
forrnation of adjectives
§$ Copy and complete the table with the adjective forms of the nouns in the box.
care caution comfort drama emotion generosity harm help hope love
meaning pessimist prediction reliability sympathy use

-able -ous -tc -al -fitl

sociabrle adventurous rea listic practical thoughtful

m O 06 Mark the stress on each adjective, then listen and check. Practise srying
the words. Which adjectives have the stress on different syllables from the
noun form?

§[ Wfri.t of the nouns in Activity

5 can be used with -/ess to form an adjective
with a negative meaning? How does the meaning change?
Example: hopeless

Word formation (Part 3)

> EXAM FOCUS p.l86

Read the text quickly without worrying about the gaps. What problem with
describing people's personalities is mentioned?

How well do you know yourself?

When trying to understand our own or other people's
(0) ..i.".heyfp.ff[., we tend to over-simplify things. We use one or BEHAVE
two adjectives to sum each other up. We think of one friend as
having a generally (1) .............. and positive outlook, while another HOPE
in
friend is considered (2) .............. and negative. Of course, PESSIMIST
we
(3) .............., none of us is so easily defined. The truth is that REAL
are all made up of inconsistent and contradictory (4) ... .... ... ;we CHARACTER
can be serious and reliable with our colleagues at work but in
our personal relationships at home we are more (5) ............. and PREDICT
emotional. With some friends we can be very cautious, while we
are(6) friends.
thrill-seekers with other ADVENruRE
So can people be neatly divided into personality types? Or do we
alter our personality according to the (7) in our changing D¡FFEREI{T
moods and situations? Maybe we can never really get to know
ourselves and the idea of a fixed personality is completely
unrealistic and (8) MEANING

ffi look at the missing word for question 1. ls it a noun or an adjective? Does it
have a positive or negative meaning?

ffi Ur" the word given in capitals at the end of some of the tines to form a word
that fits in the gap in the same line.

ffi work in pairs and discuss the questions.

1 How well do you know yourself?
2 Do you think your family knows you better than you do?

Unit 2 Relative values 17

Wmrd forrx"¡atlom (Part §) ffi Wnat advice would you give to someone going
> EXAM iCCrj5 p. iBo to a very hot or cold climate?
loot Examples:
ffi at the photo and the title of the article
below. What kind of place do you think Death You should (drink) ... Make sure you (weal ..
Valley is? How do you think it got its name? Avoid (sitting in the sun). Don't (ignore) warntng , :- _

ffi loot< at each gap and decide what part of Vocabulary

speech is missing. Read the whole of the
surrounding context before you make a choice.
nsset¡ve pref¡xes w¡sh ad§ee*§ves
ffi Choor" the prefix in italics which makes the
ffi Ur" the word given in capitals at the end of adjective negative.
some of the lines to form a word that fits in
The mlners'trip through Death Valley was
the gap in the same line. Which word needs a
in,/unsuccessfu l.
negative prefix?
2 Death Valley is a very in/unhospttable place.
3 The group on the expedition became un/dislrusfful
of each other.
ll's im/inpossible to know how people can survive in
such extreme conditlons.
The instructions on how to get there were
il/unlogical.
Some people think it is ir/inresponsible to risk
gettlng heatstroke.

ffi Aaa a negative prefix to the underlined

adjectives.
One advantage of winter is how much we spe- I -
-
heating our homes.
I think it is legal to speak on a hands-free mc: :
while driving.
It's likelythatwe'll beableto have a barbe:-,= -' ..
it gets much warmer.
l've noticed that people get patient wh:-
= . .-
driving during hot weather.
5 Itwasa greatjob despitethe regula.,.,:-, -l - l

6 l'd becapableof surviving in lowte-:='.- -'.-: :

if I had the right equipment.

ffi Wort< in pairs. Discuss something

1 which is unusual about you.
2 which has made you indecis .=
3 which makes you impatiert

linit 4 :, :: :.ji n¿iil.liQ 41

Concrete and abstnact nouns Wt¡rd formation (Part 3)
ffi Wtrictt word in each pair is a concrete > EXAM FüCUS p.l86
noun such as a person and which is an
abstract noun? ffi Ur" the word given in capitals atthe end of
some of the lines to form a word that fits in the
engineering/engineer journalist/journalism gap in the same line.
music/musician visitor/visit

ffi wfrrt suffixes do you often add to a word to

make a concrete noun? Complete the table.
Add some more words with the same suffixes
to the list. The video game designer
At the office where video games are
designed, everyone is working hard on the
(0) prsdyeticur. of their latest game. The PRODUCE
licence for the game cost millions of dollars
* so there's no room for any mistakes.
However, desplte the time pressures and
(1 ) .............. working hours, everyone REGULAR
em ployer/em ployee seems surprisingly calm. A man called Tim,
who has overall (2) .............. for the design, RESPONSIBLE
explains why over 100 people are involved
in the (3) of just one video game. CREATE
Apparently it's because of the complex
(4) .............. which is involved. He himself is TECHNIQUE
not actually (5) .............. involved in doing PERSON
representative
any of the drawings. That job is done by
the team of (6) . . . which he employs ART
to work for him Neither is he involved in
the computer side of the games. What he
polltician has to do is to make all the plans and
(7) ............. . One would imagine this is DEC¡DE
not always totally straightforwardl But
Trm claims to find his work (8) .. . . and
ffi oecide if the words are verbs or adjectives.
appears to welcome the challenges he
ENJOY
What is the abstract noun for each?
must have to face every day.
angry arrive behave confide difficult friendly
know permit progress sad short strong
ffi Would you like to do this job? Why/Why not?

Complete the sentences with the noun form of

the words in brackets. Add a/an if necessary.
The school won't give us .............. (permit) to take a
week off during term time.
l'm finally beginning to make (progress)with
my maths and science.
She had (difficult) understanding what I

wanted her to do.

4 We're going on .............. (visit) to Rome next week.
5 I can't carry this any further, I haven't got the
(strong)l
Cara and I have . .. (friend) built on respect
and trust.

Unit I Movrr iq or r 87
Yocabulary Word formation (Part 3)
word building > EXAM FOCUS p. i8ó

ffi Wfr"t are the factors that make someone a ffi nead the text and decide \ryhich isüe best
successf ul spoftsperson? summary. Don't worry about the gaps y€t
A superstitious athletes are the most successfu[
ffi loot at the sentences in Activity 3. What
B reasons why athletes are supersiii¡ous
kind of word is missing (e.g.a noun,
adjective, adverb)? C the most common superstit¡ons arnong ath:g¡s5

ffi Ur" the word given in capitals to form a ffi Ur" the word given in capitals at the end of
some of the lines to form a word that fits in the
word that fits in the gap in the following
gap in the same line. There is an example at
pairs of sentences.
the beginning (O).
COMPETE
It is argued that encouraging children to be
puts them under too much pressure.
The top football teams have now been knocked out of
the.. .

PERFECT
Sport: Superstitious ath letes
Many sportspeople are and insist on getting it
right every single time. Athletes develop superstitions by
associating particular behaviour with
A gymnast will hope for.. . . . . in every performance. g ood (0) p.s(f .o.f¡¡4nfe.. Typica I exa m p es
. I PERFORM
ATHLETE include insisting on wearing the same item
5 The sport of ... .. .. . includes running and jumping. of clothing, only eating certain food or
6 You need to be more to be a ballet dancer than always listening to the same song before
a footballer. a match or a race. These superstitions
usually have no (1) .............. with success CONNECT
ffi fUark the main stress in the words you wrote but many athletes believe that they bring
(2)
and practise saying them. them good luck. sport at a COMPETE
professional level is extremely difficult and
athletes are under pressure to achieve as
close to (3) ........... . as they can possibly PERFECT
manage. Many athletes find this extremely
(4) .............. . So anything that helps them STRESS
to feel less (5) .............. isn't necessarily a COMFORT
bad thing and some athletes maintain
their lucky charms give them more
(6) ...... ....... . However, these little CONFIDENT
superstitions could also be potentially
(7) ..............for athletes' mental health DANGER
because they can develop an unhealthy
(8) .............. on them. They should be DEPEND
focusing on improving their athletic ability
instead of worrying about superstitions.

ffi Oiscrss what superstitions are common in your

country. Which do you believe in?
Examples:
A lot of people think black cats are unlucky.
lf you break a mirror, it's supposed to mean bad luck
for seven years.
Some people think opening an umbrella in the house
is unlucky.

Unit 9 .ur t1, hrcar) 93

 Word farrnatian (Part 3)
> ÉXAf.t FüCUS p. i8ó

ffi nead the text quickly. Then work in pairs and answerthe questions.
1 How did Steven Osborne overcome stage fright?
2 Find examples in the text of words used with prefixes

Befricnüing ¡lage frighl

Stage fright is a problem which is sometimes
(o)ynd..L.SÍínql*dby musicians. lt is often accompanied ESTIMATE
by alarming physical symptoms such as a racing heart
and trembling fingers. Classical performers are especially
vulnerable because a superhuman level of (l) ACCURATE
is required.

Yocabulary Even the most experienced musicians can suffer from stage
fright. lt happened without warning to the Scottish pianist
prefixes that Steven Osborne. ln the middle of a performance, he suddenly
change meaning started worrying that he was about to forget the next note.
This kept happening and soon he began to fear he was
f§ look at the words in the box (zl ................... ... of performing and even consídered giving CAPABLE
and match the underlined up. After try¡ng (g) therapies, he decided that VARY
prefixes to meanings 1-5. the only way to overcome this irrational fear was to treat his
stage fright in the same way as he treated a piece of music
hyperactive interwar predate - as an interesting challenge. He had to retrain himself to
misbehave supernatural think in a different way and not to put so much pressure on
himself. 'l realised that getting impatient and being very
1 extreme/beyond (+) .... .. .. .... of myself was counterproductive and I gave cRtTtc
up aimingfor (S) ........................... PERFECT
2 before
.'

And strangely enough, this seemed to be the (6) ........................... SOLVE

3 bad
to the problem. Trying to eliminate (il ....................... . such ANXIOUS
4 too much/more than usual
as stage fright is not always the right approach. For Steven,
5 between accepting that his performances would contain some
mistakes helped him to (8) ........................... his confidence so GAIN
f§ no* does adding the prefix that he could trust himself to perform again.
under/over change the
meaning of the following
verbs? Write example
sentences that are true Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the tines to
about you using under/
ffi
form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example
oyer with these verbs. at the beginning (0).

achieve charge cook

do estimate feed work

Look at the examples. What

does the prefix re- mean?
We'll have to revlew the situation
ffi work in pairs and discuss the questions.
in a year's time. Why do you think so many people experience stage fright or other types
of performance anxiety?
After the fire, they hadto rebulld
the school. What do you think is the best way to overcome these fears or other fears
and phobias?

Unit 11 Notiring to fear but fear 115

t§s§ retr §N§L§§$* § fUate these adiectives negative. Use the prefixes un-, dis-, il-,
im-, ir- or in-.
\fmmmhuLmny
I Oo you have any problems in your
experier:c*d formai h*n*sI legal logical
area like those in the photos?
What do you think should be
r:b*Si*nr pleasa*[ p*lir* prse lica¡ rel*vanl
done about them? r*!ie b§e r"espcnsibl* satistr§*d

Choose the correct meanings tor the prefixes (a-c). Then complete
the sentences (1-5) w¡th the correct form of the words in brackets.
a re- : too much/too tittte/ogain
b over- : too much/too tittle/again
c under- : too much/too little/again
1 The tickets to rhe gig were really (priced). No one can
afford lha[ sorf of money!
2 You shouldn't (value) your ability. Have some
confidence - youlre a genius at maths!
3 At last they're going fo (open) the road arter the
landslide closed il last week.
4ThereS|aurant-(charged)us.ItshouIdhavebeenten
pounds more!
5l-(sIept)thismorningandmissedageographyteS|in
the first lesson.

s Complete the school magazine article with the correct form of the
words in capitals. One word needs two changes.

Affixes
We can change a word by adding We teenagers are always being told to clean up after ourselves,
leflers to the beginning of the but I think this is a lesson the whole world needs to learn. We're
word {prefixes)and to ahe end too1)-aboutwhatwethrowawayandhowitcanCoNCERNED
(suffixes). damage the environment. Our rivers are 2)- with POLLUTE
creative + creativity chemicals and beaches are littered with plastic a)-, CONTAIN
sclence + scientist which will take thousands of years to dlsappear.
e nterta i n -+ enterta i ning We're even messing up spacel There are millions of pieces of
responsi ble -¡ i rrespo nsib le rubbish orbiting the Earth.These come from rocket launches and
i ndustria I + i nd ustri al ise 4)-betweenold,disusedsatellites.There,sevenanCoLLlDE
calm + calmly astronaut's glove flying around up therel Space junk could be
We often add a pretix to an 5)_ for any future space explorers. DANGER

adiective lo make if negarive. We are all responsible - from the companies that dump chemicals
happy + unhappl into our rivers 6) , down to people who throw their LEGAL

oossíble + impossible rubbishontheSideoftheroad.WemUStn,t7)-ESTlMATE

the size of the problem. We have to change our ways before the
It's a good idea to group word
damaqe to our planet becomes 8) REVERSIBLE
families like these in your
notebook.
'=sccnsible - irresponsible -
': s c tnsi b Iy - respo nsi bí I i ty Exsm §
'i -s:'./ - ¡ndustrial - Think about these things: -.
- : -s:' ¡!ise - industrialist . ls the word you need a noun, adjective, verb or adverb?
. ls it positive or negative?
. Is it singular or plural?
USE OF ENELISFI a Form adiectives from these words. Use suffixes. Write them in
VoccrbuLc:ry the correct column. Can you add one more adjecEive to each list?

I Complete the words with the

€€€pe+ate creafe d€ffia{+d e*py Flex interes[ invent
suffixes -er, -ont or -ist,
mOlivale rely repetition reward sense tire
1 Someone people go to for
special advice is a consult_ .

Someone who [ells us abouL the

news on TV is a present_ .
Someone who writes tor a
newspaper is a journal_ .
Someone who deals with
a company's money is an
3 ('il 4.3 Listen ro five people talk¡ng about their work. Which
adlectives from Exercise 2 describe the speakers? Sometimes
account_ .
more than one adjective is possible,
Someone who represents people
in court is a lawy_ . Speaker 1 Ls croa.,biNe.
Someone who checks people
in[o and out of hotels is a 4 {'|l 4.4 L¡sten to the same five people talking abour their work.
receplion_ . Which adjectives from Exercise 2 describe their jobs?
Speaker 1's job Ls demandLng.

5 Complete the advert¡sement with the correct form of the words

in capitals.
Work rn¡ith s psrt*e¡". F§*uv rnar:y
jobs ean ysil think of e*d§ng in
-ir¡gr¡, -"11, **§r, **§, -r* *nd *¡=e in
two [§inuees?

Remember that you can add

many different suFtixes to make Are you aged between sixteen and eighteen? Are you
adjec[ives from verbs and nouns. I) ? Have you got an interesting business CREATE
-ive: impress', impressive idea?lfSo,DaveJacks,the2l-successfulHlCH
-able: believe + believable boss of a ma¡or company, wants to know about itl He's
-ible: reverse -¡ reversible
offering a 3) prize of [50,000 to a young MASS
-¡ng: satisfy + satisfying
-ent: depend + dependent -
person with a good idea for starting a business. Co to

-ant: tolerate + tolerant our website and fill in the application form. You'll need
-ful: success -> successful to give a 4) of your idea and explain DESCRIBE
-less: care -r careless -
why it could make money. You'll also have to show that
-ic: idiot + idiotic you,rerealIy5)-aboutbusinessandhaveaKNoWLEDcE
-ical: practice + practicol detailed plan. The top twenty candidates will take part
Somelimes you have fo make extra -
in a TV show where they are interviewed by Dave Jacks
changes to a word when you add about how 6) their projects are. Viewers PRACTISE
a suffix.
will vote on their favourite idea and the winner will
solve + solution
repeot + repetitive
receivethemoney'So,ifyouare7)-,enjoyCoMPETE
a challenge and have an idea that you think would be
B)- -for the programme, get writing! SUlT
UsE OF ENGLISH E
Complete the blog w¡th the correct form of the
Vc:cmbuLe:ry words in capitals.

I Read the title of a survey on an international

students'website. What do you think it means?
LINKS SEARCH CONTACT

GáAá TE af,Id ir*?

üe"§gtr I$ f,ñ8#t§ññ,.rffi, I
I have a 1) _ to make:
I'm a soap addict. My eyes are
How often do you watch a soap opera? glued to the screen, even though
'Regularly? Often? Rarely? Never? Why? I would rather do something more
Which soap opera do you like most? Why? 2) and worthwhile,
like sport. But I'm 3) _
Which soap opera do you like least? Why?
hooked. I have to keep watching
What is the longest-running soap opera in your to see what happens next. It's
country? Why do you think it has lasted so long? 4) - to miss an episodel
What is the most popular soap opera in your
The 5) of not knowing
what's happened to my favourite
character is terrifying! I love the
Can you name a soap opera that is popular with 'street'soaps - soaps about people
children, one that is popular with teens and one
-
who live in a particular area - and
that is popular w¡th adults? I also like 6) _ dramas
set in hospitals. The 7) _
in popularity of Waterloo Road, a
a Read the survey and answer the quest¡ons in it. Then
UK soap about a school, has been
work with a partner and compare your answers.
amazing. Every episode finishes
on a cliffhanger. Although the
3 Which adjectives or verbs are the words in bold
formed from? characters are fictitious, the stories
are about B) _ issues
1 Last night I watched an in-depth documentary about and they're relevant to everyone.
soap opera stars. lt was fascinafing. All the kids at my school are
2 Il was a greaf relief to everyone when they killed off
talking about it.
Nasty Ned in Carlton Courtlast monthl
Sorry, got to dash - Waterloo Road
3 The new storylinein Parkers is about trying to lose
is about to beginl
weight fast. lt definitely makes you think.
4 As soon as he came out of prison, Alan took a flight
to Australia.
5 The entire cast attended the funeral after Arfhur B f¡na words and phrases in the blog that mean
Leigh's death. the follow¡ng.

4 Form nouns from these words. Use the suffixes -gát, 1 Iam unable to stop watching (TV)
-th and -ief. Write the nouns in the correct column. 2 valuable
3 addicted
4 a very exciring point
beiieve broad 8fleve high long see 5 not real
strong ihink warm wide young 6 I must go

Specrk Llp
7 Wno is your favourite character in a soap opera
or other regular TV programme? Why?
USE BF ENELI§H 4 Complete the blog with the correct form of the
Vocc:buLclry words in capitals.
0 d,d

Abstract nouns
Abstracl nouns are ideas, feelings and concepts,
such as happiness, fear and freedom, which we
cannot see or touch. They are usually uncounlable.
Several abslracl nouns end in -acy, -ion and -ment.
Remember [o record verbs, nouns and adjectives
from the same family together.
impress (verb) impressive (adjective)
impression (noun) Technology has given us more freedom
and 1) _ than our parents had. INDEPENDE
We can take music with us 2) WHERE
Which adjectives ending in -ate or -atic do these we go and we can go online to shop,
abstract nouns come from? find information and stay in constant
communication with our 3)- soclEry
accuracy bureaucracy democracy diplomacy -
network. But there is one big downside:
intr¡cacy lileraey obsrinacy privacy now the authorities can watch everything
we dol lt's all done in the name of crime
4) detection, but I PREVENT
? Form nouns From these verbs and write them in think it has gone too far. ln the UK we
the correct column. You may have to make some now have over 100,000 CCTV cameras in
spelling changes. 5) schools - in washrooms, SECON D
-and
classrooms, corridors, etc. This is in spite of
aehieve assess €ivi+ise depress develop 6) that they don't reduce crime EVTDENT
encourage govern imagine involve obiect or bullying.l don't want people to know
observe pollure prepare reacl what l'm doing every minute of the day! And
-
while l'm on the subject of 7) PRIVATE
another thing that annoys me is the
-
development of phone tracking devices.
Apparently, parents can install them without
our B) and use them to
-, find
KNOW
out where we are. Do we really want them
to know absolutely everything?

§peak up
5 Work with a partner and discuss.
How many CCTV cameras do you think you go
past every day?
What do you think are the advantages and
disadvantages of CCTV?
Do you think there should be CCTV cameras
3 Look at the spelling changes you needed to make
in schools?
to the verbs ending in -e in Exercise 2. Can you Do you think it's a good idea to have phone
make any general rules?
tracking devices? Why/Why not?
wffi§&ffiffiL&ffiw § d'il t*"1 Listen to two students talk¡ng about
F{ §sf,e= ry people who became famous when they were in
their teens. Complete the texts.

Mary ShelleY wrote a book called

,, '
tt lt's about a man who
Word formation úeates a(n) 2)- ' PeoPle
had been
Remember how you can torm words by adding a thought at first that the book
prefix or a suffix?
search -'+ resesrcfi credible'+ incredible .ornn't
ii-luy imagine that a woman would
power -+ pawerful danger ¿ dangersus wriie a(n) 4)
like that'
Sometimes you need to make bigger changes in
order to form a word.
bury -+ 6ur¡o¡ live -+ life die *+ death _
Tutankhamen lived in 5) in
the fourteenth 6) --
-storY ecr. He
became a pharaoh when he was
7) old, He may have
Complete the sentences with the correct torm of
the words in brackets. married his B) _ . His death
came before the age of g)
ExcitemenI grew as archaeologists continued with
the lexcavate).
There's a(n) 10) _ on the

There is no (prove) that the ruler was -years

place where he's buried saying something
terrible will happen to anyone who goes
a tyranf.
near his 11) _
3 People whose lob is to study the past are called .

(hisrory).
4 Many noblemen took part in the successful
- (rebel). 4 Comptete the text w¡th these words. Can you
5 Experrs compared the k¡ng's DNA with samples guess who the person is?
trom two of his living (descend).
6 Arrists have oainted several century exploratlon hisrory mankind pr*ot
(portray) of the king.
7 Because of his villainy, he is classed as one of
the most (fame) rulers in modern The persort L've c-hoser.¡ to descrlbe beea e Íamous
]
history. ¿ uae,
8 For centuries, historians puzzled about [he
Lrt the twertleth D , From av't eadv J he )
bec.o^e Íasc-Lrtated by the. Ldea o:Í spac-e ]
king's (bury) site.
2) , He wus &n &strono-ut ort the A¡zollo ll )
p Choose the correct word. sPcLc.e mlssuon ur,d becarne the i.rst fi1&n to t)t Íort
]

1 The discovery/invention of the king's burial site

or"t the moort) Ln Ju)y - l?b?. Vher, the lvncLr module, j
named |he €agle,leÍt the. rnaLrt sVoeeshlp artd )ctt"ded )
-
was greeted wi¡h excitement.
ort -the moort) he. steVVe.d dowrt a ladder ovtto the
2 In school next year we're going lo study the ]

story/h¡story of Europe trom 1914 to 1960. rnoor,'s surfac-e, As he dld,llste.r,ers heard hLm spectl<
)
Archaeologists have dug up the parts/remains of words rhat wLll qo : 'Lt's or,e
J'i down Ln 3) l
a Roman soldier. smail stq> for man, one gLottt leap lor f) ,' )
We know a lot about modern history because He. thet^, >lcLr,te.d a $aa as 5) rhat rhe. l
J]
people kept careful records/souvenirs of events.
5 I enjoy studying aged/ancienf history.
6 How much do you know abouE the Second World
'::!_:l.l:!_::':"."0:-::::i1,_,,_i*.,*****,*,,,.]
-
Battle/War? g Work with a partner. Choose your favourite
-
Accounts of the lite of Robin Hood are more likely
person from the past and te¡l your partner all you
lo be myth/rumour than facl.
know about him or her.
The farmer was ploughing his fields when he
found buried/dug treasure!
 "':'jffi

&§§§ &F §§§ffit§§ffi § Worf in pairs. Take turns to use compound

adiectives to describe someone you know. You
Vmmmbu:Lmry can use these ideas to helP You.
§ Oo you like taking risks? Give an example ot a
recent situation when you could have taken a risk. biuei eye dark,'skin §*ng,'h*ir openrmind
Did you or didn't you? Why/Why not?
righiihand r*¡.¡nd.'face sh*rlz'l*mper
§ Oo you have any phobias or Fears?
§ Complete the article with the correct form of the
words in capitals.

Adiectives ending in -ful and'y

We can add the suffixes 'ful and -y fo nouns and
verbs lo make [hem adiedives.
beauty + beautifwl claud'"+ claudy
€ompound adiectives
We make compound adiectives in several ways. One
pa[tern is adjective + -ed/-ing parliciple.
red-haired gaad-laaking
Another pattern is noun + -ing participle.
l've always loved being scared. lf I were given
record-breaking
the 1) my favourite day out CHOOSE
would be at a theme parl< with reatty heart-
3 Ctrange these words into adiectives. Use -ful or'y. stopping rides;the more 2) IMPRESS
and dangerous, the better. However, l'm
not always brave. I have a weal< spot and
beaury cloud colour delight dread tauit -,
l'm quite 3) it. I have SENSE
guilt mess peace scare smell stuff thoLtght a phobia about elevators. My head gets
hot and my hands become 4) SWEAT
whenever l'm in one. Sometimes I can't
breathe 5) and now I avoid PROPER
-about
them if I can. So when I saw a video ctip on
§h§rl§¡ *l th*t {§§: -:*§§*r¿¡tt l,x§tÉ: *;***
e>¡.l§ s:*§s§1 YouTube about a practicaLjoke in an etevator,
*f iyle s*iseiire*s y*ts §*r*:*S irt §:<ere§s* 3. 1§l:* -
I nearly died! The jol<ers fiLm peopte's
i= t§:* Fss§ese !¡t t§:* a§*ssT 6) - inside an etevator when a[[ REACT
* i:sautifui g.ril' the tights go out. Then a 7) SCARE
pa[e-faced tittl.e girl in a white dress, ho[ding
a do[[, climbs into the etevator through a
4 Complete the sentences with compound door in the rool so when the Lights go bacl<
adjectives formed From the words in brackets. on, the peopLe thinl< she's a ghostl I woutdn't
B) -,
1 The book I read on holiday was a Sreat crime story Laugh , would you? lthink l'd AFTER
about a killer! (cold/blood) l<i[l. whoever organised the jol<el
2 Why does Sarah always wear such
sunglasses? (old/fashion)
3 There was a smell coming from the §psffik §"rñ
restaurant as we walked past. (mouth/water)
4 While we were on a ride at the theme park, my
§ Work with a partner and discuss.
maLe gave an scream and I nearly 1 What do you think your reaction to the elevator
iumped ouE of my skinl (earlsplit) trick in Exercise 6 would have been?
5 - was very
The taxi driver and gave us 2 Do you think clips ot praclical lokes like this are
a tour of the city for no extra charge! (kind/heart) funny? Why/Why not? Have you seen any similar
6 When he sLole tha[ money, it had to rhis?
consequences-for him. (farlreach)

-
 USE OF ENELISH tse pc¡ge EEt 3 Tell students that some prefixes carry a meaning such
as the three given in this task. Ask for some examples,

VocobuLory e.g. redecorote, overindulge, undercook. Then ask students

to complete the task individually and check during class
To scsrc feedback.

Tell students that you are going to write a word connected to I overpriced 2 undervalue 3 reopen 4 undercharged
the tapíc of the enViro¡ment on the bqard and starting with
\ p P. They must gueisthe next letter;,lf they can't, add O and -l:v::§*
\ so,ón, üntil -they,güess qhe word :, políuti,CIn.,, D.ivjde the cl ass n
i 4 Tell students that word formation is an exam-style task
1',"¡¿ p.¿i¡5;in, one half shóuld.note down a list of the CAUSES and explain what they need to do. Refer them to the Exam
ü
of pollution and those in the other half should note down the advice about deciding what class or type of word they are
RE§U LTS .óf pollutión,,Brir¡g all points, together d u ri ng ctas s looking for and remind them to think about the context
\\\ feedback and match particular causes with specific results, e.g, carefully to make this decision. Suggest that they always
orlus¿'- facw enriisión§, ps[lt- dirty dirlmedical problems. read through the whole text once, ignoring the gaps, to get
\ii1
an idea of what the text is about. Students complete the
I Focus students'attention on the photos and discuss the task individually and then check with a partner. Conduct
questions as a whole class. feedback.

¡il;,;;;;; "n,*..,
i il;;;;;; i;;ii,;; ¡.oniuin".' r."iri'i".'
5 dangerous ó illegally 7 underestimate 8 irreversible
\ü/ord X.Fe. , ,

Return rto,the w ord palluü on you'first'wrote :on the board

and e-licit the part of speech'(noun). Ask for" the verb from Put students in pairs. Each pair should choose one of the
n this'noun.(polfutd and adjectlve,(pollqtq d / unpolluted), See
whether stud€nts,can tell ygu thatthe process of adding
photos from this page and write a comment,to póst'oR an '
environmental website, complaining about tfé situation. Ask
Ietters to the beginning and/or ending of a word to change its students to read their comments out to the class.
meaning or word class is called affixation. Read through the
first part of the box to check this. Elicit other words w¡th the
Homework
same endings or beginnings as you go through, e.g. octivity,
Workbook page I I
cyclrst, rnteresting, pedestrionise, quietly, unfair, impossoble.
MyEnglishLab
Point out drat suffixes (adding to the end of a word) usually
change a wold from a verb to a noun, whereas prefixes
(adding to the beginning) usually change t}e meaning, e.g.
hoppy/unhoppy.
Make sure üat studens pronounce these words correcdy.
Model both t}le r.oot word and *re word made from this to
-
show any changes in stress, e.g. rreatrve crertivity.

2 Elicit prefixes that we can use to make an adjective negative.

Ask for examples, e.g inconect, unlucky, tllegible, immoture,
irrEloceoble, discourteous. Students complete the task in
pairs. Ask whether they can see any pattern or rule. (The
most obvious is that often ir- goes before an adjective
beginning with r and il- before one beginning with L Warn
students that there are exceptions.)

,l * Pl:3:il:i¡eliaftg
dis * honest/obedient,/satisfied

i]* l"§1!1l9qi:?l

im + polite/practical

ir + rs5p..r¡6,./i:]*17

in + formal/experienced
 OXFOrtD

EXAM TRAINER

ü
lncludes audio
to download
 Preparation . Reading and Use of English
tr Part 3
o
+¡
o
l-
This part of the paper tests your accuracy in word building, including compound words,
prefixes and suffixes.
o
CL
o
l-
o.

Root word Adjective Noun ,.',,.,,Vefb

4-4Ygqr.:l,t*:
a REAL real/realisfic realilyrealism really
realisl realistically
b CREATE

c EXCITE

d USE

e SUCCEED

f ATTRACT

g PRODUCE

h.KNOW

¡ ACT

J PERFECT

14 PREPARATION . READING AND USE OF ENGLISH r PART 3

Read these sentences and choose the kind of word (noun, verb, adjective or odverb) that
ís needed to fill the gaps. Think about the questions in italics.

a Nigel Kennedy is one of the most well-known classical MUSIC !

in the world today. -
o
. Whot kind of word is used immediotely before the gop? T'
. What kind of word normally follows these words?
o
-l
. ls the phrose 'one of the most well-known ...'followed by a singulor or o plural word?
o
s.
ln addition to being af an _talented violinist, Kennedy is o
an excellent performer.
EXTREME
)
. Whot kind of word follows the gop?
. Whot kind of word con come before these words?
. Which two letters do these words often end in?

Kennedy, who dresses informally, has faced for dressing like CRITIC
a rock star.
. What kind of word is used immediotely before the gap?
. Whot kind of word is likely to follow this?
Kennedy with people who say he shouldn't wearjeans AGREE
and a T-shirt on stage.
. Whot kind of word is most likely to come between'Kennedy' and'with'?
. The subject oÍ the sentence is Kennedy. What is the correct ending for the
missing word?
. ls it more likely that this word has a positive or a negative meaning?
ln spite of some people's negative comments, Kennedy has brought
great to audiences all over the world. PLEASE
. Whot kind of word is used immediately before the gopT
. What kind of word normolly follows these words?

-
They find his approach to music and original. EXCITE
. What kind of word is the lost word of the sentence?
. Whot does this tell you about the missing word?

g ln addition to being a performer, Kennedy is also a talented COMPOSE

. Whot do the two words immediotely before the gap tell you obout the missing word?

PREPARATION o READING AND USE OF ENGL¡SH . PART 3 á5

 Practice Test I . Reading and Use of English
Part 3
For questionslT-24, read the text below. use the word given in capitals atthe end
of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an
example at the beginning (0).

Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.

Example: 7 H n T U K A 7
i,,l H E R

PHOTOCRAPHY
l'm not the worldl best 0_, but I've always had a camera and PHOTOGRAPH
-
taken photos 'snaps' might be a better description. As a child, I used a

t7-boxcamera,whichtookrollsofblack-and-whitefilm.To BASE
take a picture, you 18- pointed the camera at your subject SIMPLE
and pressed a button. I was often 19-- by many of my photos, DISAPPOINT
because they were too dark, too light or so 20- that you could CLEAR
hardly see the image. And, in those days, you had to send your film away to
be developed

Today, like most people, I take photos on my phone. ln 21- with COMPARE
how things used to be, this is a quick and 22_ process. you EFFECT
can take thousands of photos, transfer the 23_ ones to your SUCCEED
computer and print them out or email them to friends.

Photography today is very easy, but is it really as 24-as it was? SATISFY

1§ PRACTICE TEST 1 . READING AND USE OF ENGLISH . pART 3

Preparation . Reading and Use of English
Part 3 !
.!
:.,.'',,. il.
TIF§], l'1,...,''',.,:,, "'l,. .1
"-, r
o
Suffxes and prefixes ,...'i'RooLúóidíái§ úf téñ,,.féláiéd 'rct
,.,

,,l,..,tt6,. mániiirtltsr'wéid§., D,o.'n't:,,

o
:,,
't
ü
1 What kinds of words can end with these groups ':.:,:¿hoOserthetfi.rst'án :yoú.,',,:
of suffixes? Choose from this list: adjective
:

,i'r':,,th1ñk iúilthoffi.. j!deri¡,§' f.

o
adverb, noun, verb. ¡,,', ¡,,Othéi1Optiroo5;r,,i,ri,',r,
r1,¡1..Vllh,éñyóú.háúét§1ni§h,éd;,,,,.,,,r,,
'.';
l
3
A -ness -ship -ion -hood -ance -ment .

,rr,,,, féádithÉ,t¿¡+,¡nritft,:thé,:¡¡¡§fl,',',
,,',l,.,..yóúitháVéleh.0ier.L.iDó,é§::thér,,:,
, {éxt,.as!.Wh{é¡nák§§éñsé?,,
'i

Add suffixes from each group in exercise 1to these words.

appear child friend good govern hesitate boy break
horror pain please use active electric real short

Add one of these prefixes to the list of words below to make a word wíth the opposite
meaning. Each prefix can be added to at least two words.
dis- il- im- in- ir- mis- un-
able advantage convenient formal honest legal logical
necessary patient probable regular relevant spell understand

Complete these sentences with one of the words below.

a Students' use of mobile phones in class is a _ problem for GROW
some schools.
growth/growing/grown
b ln hot countries it is unnecessary to wear a coat or COMPLETE
carry an umbrella. --.
completion / completely / completed

c I never had any serious with my parents unt¡l last year. AGREE
agreement / agreements / disagreements

d ln some countries it is
-.-- to ride a bicycle if you are not LEGAL
wearing a helmet.
legally / illegally / illegal

e lf you're arranging to go to the cinema, I can recommend the BOOK

online system.
booked / bookers / booking

f Some countries make a lot of money from _. TOUR

tourism- / tourist / touring
g Don't leave your bag or any other behind when you BELONG
get offthe bus.
belonging / belongings / belonged

h This week, our school is organizing a _ for a local charity. COLLECT

collecting / collection / collector

PREPARATION . READIIIIG AND USE OF ENGLISH o PART3 63

 Practice Test2 o Reading and use of English
Part 3
For questionsTT'24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals
at the end
of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap iñ the same tine. There is
an
example at the beginning (0).

write your answers lN cAplrAL LETTERS on the separate ansvver sheet.

i* -t
Example: ,01

.:,1!
'',1-
:

HENRIMATISSE
Along with Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse is one of the most 0=-- FAME
painters and sculptors of the 77 rn his early years, TWENW
he painted a wide 18=-'_- of colourful portraits and landscapes. VARY
However, in his later years, 19-- prevented him from continuing ILL
the conventional painting he had-century.
practised all his life. Matisse was still full
of 20_=-.'- ideas, so he invented a new artistic style: using scissors,
CREATE
hecutpaintedpaperintoshapestomake2L-worksofart. ORICIN
ln 2014, London's Tate Modern gallery put on an 22=-=---of over EXHIBIT
a hundred ofthese spectacular cut-outs, made between 1936 and 1954,

and brought together for the first time ever from public and private
23=--- all over the world. The show attracted over half a million COLLECT
24-, who enjoyed a once-in-a-lifetime experience. vtsrT

#4 PRACTICE TEST 2 . READING AND USE OF ENGL|SH . pART 3

'{;
;.==.., -= =:,. :.= * ¡", :e-'. :=
=Z i. .-.. :; É}+ai: iltl"'.'i.i.:.. !"2'. li
:s === =,.,.-==
='.==,:=:=..==....='---.':1...1i¡s.i
i.=:".,:::,-.1
 Paper r Part 3 Word farrnatisn
o,"lt of the and use of English paper you are given a short text with eight
11lTand
; gaps 1*9tq
an example. At the end of some of the lines there isá word in
CAPITALS wÑch
you will need to change so that it will make sense when it is put in
the gap in the same line.
In the example below, you are given the verb 'arrive' and it n;eds to be lhanged
into the noun
hrrival' in order for the sentence to make sense.

EXAMPLE: Their plane's late ...-. w-as due to a thunderstorm

during the flight. ARRM
ANSWER: Their plane's tate ..A88!!.AL-... was due to a thunderstorm
durinj the flight.
You need to read the sentence carefirlly to decide what kind of word is
missing - is it a noun,
a verb, an adjective or an adverb? In English we often use prefixes (letter(s)
th"at go in front---iof
i a word) and suffixes (Eter(s) that go at the end of a wordj to change
the type oiword it is. I

Prefixes Suffixes
1 The following prefixes all give the 3 NOUNS -Typical noun suffixes are:
meaning of NOT when they come
-ation -ion -ness -ship -ity
before a word.
-ism -ence -ment -al
il- ir- tn- un-
Make these words into nouns.
dis- im- mls-
We often, but not always, put i/-
a happy d recommend g friend
before words beginning w¡th ,,
b intelligent e act h pay
ir- before words beginning with r,
c approve f popular i tour
and im- before words beginning 4 Not all nouns follow the above pattern. Make nouns from these
words.
with m and p. a true c die
Which prefix do we use to make these
b succeed d high
words negat¡ve? 5 ADJECTIVES -Typicaladjectival suffixes are:
a satisfied h happy -ible -able -y -al
b patient i responsible -ive -ful -less -ous
c expensive j understand Make these words into adjectives.
d legal k appear
e possible I regular
a wind d danger g value
f comfortable m moral
b attract e end h access
g honest c hope f accident

What meaning do you think these

6 ADVERBS - Adverbs are usually formed by adding the suffix -Iy
to the
prefixes give to the word that adjective. Be careful with spelling.
follows? Can you think of some more complete - completely reasonable - reasonably
examples? temporary - temporarily lucky - luckily
a non-stop real - really
d. untie
b retrain e underline And there are some exceptions:
c subway true - truly (NOT tn*e+y)
shy - shyly (NoT shily)
Adjectives ending in -ic usually add -ally: basic _ basically.
 Make these words into adverbs.
a steady d annual
b active e extraordinary
c necessary f automatic
VERBS - lt ¡s less common in part of paper r to
3 have
to form a verb. However, you may be asked to make
changes to a verb by using a prefix such as un_, dis_ ot
re- t ot to make a noun or an adjective into a verb
by
using the prefixes dis- or re-.

Change these words using un-, dis- or re-.

a new e pay
b courage f approve
cdo g lock is about. iil

d build Ü Decide what kind of word is missing - is it an adjective,

t
verb, noun or adverb? i:
It is more likely that you will need to change a verb f Make sure that your choice makes sense ín the sentence.
¡:
¡:
into a noun or adjective. Change these verbs to Some words may need to have a negative prefix.
nouns. rxnmplr: The waitress took ages to bring us the menu i.
and lfound her very rude and................ HELP i:
h communicate I identiSr ruuwrn: UNHELPFUL
i measure m introduce * Check that you have spelt the words correctfy. I:

j satisfy n criticise § You MUST write your answers lN CApITAL LETTERS.

li

k maintain

Read through the

A DISTINGUISHED MAP.MAKER
text on the right and
think about what Exampte: l-ol PIU B L I c A T I o ,v
kind of words you ln 1538, the (0) ........ of a world map showed North and South
need to make. For PUBLISH
America as separate cont¡nents for the first time. The man
example,0 is a noun
who (l) ........ this important map was called Gerardus PRODUCT
(PUBLICATION). List
Mercator. Mercator spent his (2) ........in Flanders, where
the parts of speech YOUNG
he became known as an (3) ...-... talented map-maker. EXTREME
for gaps r*B and then
Besides teaching mathematics to the students at the
complete the task.
University of Louvain, he also earned extra money
I
,,_=
VERB making (4)........ instruments. SCIENCE
3- ln 1544, he was briefly imprisoned for his religious beliefs
4- and, fearing for his family,s (S)........ , he went io live in the SAFE
5- Rhineland, where he remained for the rest of his life.
6- Mercator's youngest son Rumold became his father,s (6)........
REPRESENT
after his death in 1594, supervising the (7) ........ of the first
APPEAR
8- complete edition of the Mercator wo¿o atlas the foflowing year.
Although Mercator constanily updated his maps with new
information, some were wrong because the earth is round.
As maps are ftat, it is virtuailyl8l ........ to show the right ;cále,
POSSIBLE
area and direction on one map.

§x&&4 F**"S§& 3 ¿&l

 Exam folder 2 pases z6-27
Paper r Part ¡ Word formation
The word formation task is the third part of the Reading
and 6 Normally we change an adjective into an adverb
by
Use of English paper. The whole paper takes r hour
and adding -/y.
15 minutes to do and you should aim to spend
about Words ending in -y - the y usually changes to i
+ Jy.
ro minutes on this part. This may seem too short a
time at first, Words ending in -/e - change le to ly after aconsonant.
but you will become faster with practice. There are Adjectives ending in
eight questions in this part of the paper. you should read
-ic - add _olty.

through the whole passage before you start trying to

do the
answers.

8 Always look carefuily for prefixeg especially negative

ones,
and plurals.

2 Remember that not alt prefixes are negative.

Unit +
4.1 pages 28-29
Reading
I

You can enlarge your vocabulary by learning how

a word can
be changed into a noun, adjective, verb or adverb.
There are no
easy rules to help you (the suffix often depends on the origin
of the word - Latin, Angto-Saxon, Greet<, etc.) and
therefore
you just need to learn them.

3-7 These exercises summarise the different kinds of suffix.

\..
184\ ANswERs AND REcoRD¡NG scRtprs
\
 e§§
§ i¿$ɧ*. usq
.¡.r"." n*§ "s*ep-B
*& §&?,
SI9h{r+}*
#'

ffiwffi %& @
ryffiffiffi§ ffiffiffi
ffiffimffireffireffim
$*' á o* {* ..r_" g:*} ,,*
{ ii f}##H
ñ

ieYtiq-j#;-1

&ee*ss t* ils¡x&rí#q* §*qfrs*;

§¡rse $-*r.§*&*¿:¡fs *r:I!n* Fr**trar* ?*:st
.r: !,

ñ'='u
 ,.r*
Use of English
Word power
Word fomilies
Look at the word in bold in each sentence. ls it a
ffi,; and word-building. First
; decide what part of speech is missing: a noun, an
i adjective, an adverb or a verb. The missing word can
1li

,l:

verb, noun, odjective or odverb? ; be positive, negative or plural.

1 Apparently she's very friendly when you get to
know her.
2 That colour really suits you.
Word formation. For quest¡ons 1-8, read the
3 That wasn't a very clear explanation.
text below. Use the word given in capitals at
4 It's a very attractive dress. . . .. .. ..... the end of some of the Iines to form a word
that fits in the gap in the same line.
Complete the table with words formed from
those given.
Verb Noun Adjective Adverb
2
1
apparent apparently

All about the Brits

3
choose
5 6
suitability
explain 7 > Q..r-e.e|.itq9.from the UK! I'm having
I l0
a greal time, but I still haven't been
notice 9
out ofLondon. Have you ever been
l3
attract 12
to Britain? Even though I have,
admit 14
I've still got lots of questions about
British culture. Why do the Brits
Negotive prefixes adore queuing up? They're never
(1) .... . . . I'd heard that everyone PATIENT
sat in (2)
Make negative adjectives from the words, using on the Tube, and SILENT
the prefixes below.
it's true! Are people too (3) SOCIABLE
un- dis- im- ¡l- ir- in- to talk to each other? The son in my
host family is going to help me flnd
1 regular 8 organised
some answers. Josh has just come
2 pleasant 9 legal back from Milan, so he's got some
3 patient 10 correct questions about Italian culture too.
4 popular 11 possible
The Brits love (4)..... ...... ..... . food SPICE
5 sociable 12 sympathetic
and there's lots of (5) . from CHOOSE
6 honest 13 responsible . .
different cultures here. We went out
7 secure 14 logical for a Malaysian meal last Friday
4 Rewrite the sentences using negative adjectives and it was a really (6) MEMORY
from Ex.3 so that the meaning becomes the experience. (7)........................... ., Indonesian APPEAR
opposite. food is really good too. I haven't tried
1 Mellie is a really pleasant person to be around. much British food yet.
That's why she's so popular. I've already decided I want to come
2 Sean is both responsible and honest. back next year, but it's expensive, so
3 lf you are organised with your work, it's more my parents are (8) to agree.
likely that it'll be correcr.
4 I thought the Maths teacher was extremely
sympathetic and quite patient.
5 The explanations were very logical and made all
the exam questions possible to do.
6 The company's finances look very regular, so I

think all their activities are legal.

+=§8"
 Use of English
Word power Exam guide
Compound words ln Part 3, it is important to understand what the text
isabout, so read the whole text to get a general
Match the words to make compound words.
understanding first, before trying to do the questions.
Then check the form (hyphenated, single
word or two words) in the glossary.
t I genetically a reserve
2 [foot b life
3 [wild c impact text below. Use the word given in capitals at the
end of some of the Iines to form a word that fits
i

4 [ zero d levels i

5 [ nature e modified in the gap in the same line. I

6 [sea f print
2 Complete the sentences with compound
words from Ex.l.
1 Oceanographers are not the only scientists
concerned about rising
2 Animal rights activists are worried about the
impact of the disaster on . .

3 Many consumers choose not to buy

corn.
4 The fire has spread and is now threatening a
loca I
lf you travel to the south-west, the
Jurassic Coast is worth a visit. It's
one of the most beautiful (1) NATURAL
Suffixes to form odjectives (I )
reserves in England and is on the
3 Form adjectives from the nouns below using shores of the English Channe!. You
the correct suffix. Write them in the table. don't have to be a (21 to GEOLOGY
admire this 95-mile stretch of stony
hill drink region mountain stone acid and (3) coastline, where SAND
environment change poison metal mud
the landscape changes (4) CONSTANT
coast photograph question volcano
due to landslides and erosion. You
adventure sand belief season danger
globe knowledge history rain mystery m¡ght pick up a fossil on a walk along
stunning Chesil Beach and (5) ADMIRATION
Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous rock
-al -able -ic -y -ous formations, or you could even see a
dinosaur footprint. Accompanied by
(6) guides, visitors can watch KNOWLEDGE
birds and wildlife.
The beauty of the area (71 OBVIOUS
attracts a lot of visitors, so there is a
high-profile campa¡gn for zero-impact
tourism. The campa¡gn is trying to
4 Complete the sentences with adjectives from prevent sea and beach pollution, and
Ex.3. is aimed at people on holiday in the
1 ash is usua lly black area, as well as local residents. Every
2 The weather in the UK is often described as year, thousands of volunteers join in a

, which makes it d¡fficult to forecast.

(8) clean-up to protect the COAST
Jurassic Coast for future generations.
3 Recycling is a very important . issue.
4 Mont Blanc is in a area of Europe.
5 Rugby players often get very when
it's wet.
6 lf your house is by the sea, you live in a
a rea.

7 Humanitarian agencies want to ensure that

. . water is available to evervone.
 Use of English
Wor,C power
Expressions with home 5 Mu¡t¡ple-choice cloze. For questions 1-8,
read the text below and decide which answer
Complete the sentences with the correct
(A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
form of the expressions below.
make yourself at home feel at home
homeless leave home (be) home to
feel homesick home-grown hometown
homemade

1 These vegetables always taste i FRIDAY 20 SEPTEMBER

better than the store-bought ones.
The hurricane left thousands of people
i LIFE IN MY'NEW WORLD'
Hi, Emma here with my flrst post from Boston, home
people
A lot of and unhappy of the Tea Party (as people keep (1) me)! Finding
when they go to live in another country. my way around is proving difficult: the campus is
4 ln the USA, most people at lB. absolutely (2) . Luckily there are lots of second
years around to help us first years feel (3) home.
5 This area of the USA is a number
of rare animals. We were all (a) to the University by the Dean
Susan missed her when she went yesterday, and we had a group photo taken. I met
to work in the capital city. some other first years and the great news is that there's
Pietro's mother makes the most delicious a big group of foreign students, so I'm not alone in
pa sta. not understanding the system. We're all beginning to
They were so welcomlng that I immediately integrate though, so I'm not feeling (5)yet - to
be honest, I haven't had time.
9 l'm so pleased you found the time to visit us. Bad news though - I got my phone stolen on the
subway yesterday: I was (6)
Please with myself. The
2 Write three questions using expressions train was packed, so I had to stand and I didn't
from Ex.l. Then ask and answer the (71 my bag was open. I should have known
questions in pairs. better - I had my pocket picked on an (8)
underground train in London last year.
Prefixes for odjectives
Match the prefixes to their meaning.
1 E ¡nter a too much
2 [ over b not enough
3 [ under c outside oflbeYond
4 [extra d among/between

4 Add a prefix from

Ex.3 to the adjectives
below and match them to the descriptions.
crowded sized terrestr¡al active paid
o rd ina ry rated nationa I

1 Someone who doesn't receive enough

monev for a iob.
,/J

2 Somethino unusual or stranoe.

JJ

3 Connected with two or more countries. 1 A remembering B saying C reminding D relating

2 A enormous B big C large D g reat
4 A place with too many people. 3 Ain B_ C from Dat
5 A film which is very good but doesn't get 4 A enrolled B welcomed C initiated D kept
oood reviews.
J
5 A homesick B homely C homecoming D home
A portion of food which is too big
6 A fierce B fu rious C pleasant D crazy
7 A understand B realise C count D tell
7 i;;;, ¡o* of communrcation
8 A overcrowded B overactive C overpaid D overrated
B Life on other planets
 Use of English
Exam guide
Word power
ln Part 3, sometimes answers will require internal
Prefixes for verbs
changes within the words when the part of speech
Match the prefixes to their meaning. changes (e.g . please - pleasant).
t [re- a before
2 E pr.- b wro ngly/badly
Port 3
3 EO.- c again
5 Word formation. For questions 1-8, read the
4 [mis- d remove/reduce/reverse text below. Use the word given in capitals at
2 Complete the sentences the end of some of the lines to form a word
using the correct form
of the verbs in brackets and a prefix from Ex.'|. that fits in the gap in the same line.
1 The last track came out pretty badly, could we

2,l"ili r,..ffi3J:eseem
my achievements. THE SZIGET FESTIVAL:
You can't just turn up on the day; you need to well worth a visit!
(book) tickets.
That teacher is really tough on people who The Sziget Festival in Hungary
is one of the best music festivals
s il;;,.¿f:?il,?, sorid rt,r take hours to in Europe. It is more fun to go in
(frost). a group, so if you can get some
That video game's not on sale yet, but you can
friends to go, I'd recommend it.
(order) it now. It is held in an (1) ATTRACT
They told me the exam started at 10, not 9. I was setting on an island on the River
clea rly (inform) Danube, so if you go with young
They used to be called The lntruders, but they children don't let them play
(name) the band when the singer left. (21 The festival features ATTEND
(3) styles of music, from DIFFER

Suffixes to form odjectives Ql rock and pop to hip hop and

reggae as well as (a) folk TRADITION
3 Complete the table with adjectives made from music. Last year the opening act
the words below. was solo artist Robbie Williams,
depend create red add ict power and my best friend had him take
differ disrupt six triumph help a selfie with her. My favourite
pain product please style (5) was by the British PERFORM
band Muse. Their rock songs
-ent/-ant have such (6) energy. As CREDIBLE
I'd brought my guitar, my friends
made me play one of their songs
that evening.
,

4 Complete the sentences with a suitable The best thing about Sziget is
adjective from Ex.3. that there is no (71 DISTINCT
1 I dropped a hammer on my foot yesterday. lt was between main acts and support
VErV acts - all the artists are treated
2 l'm running late. l'll be there (8) . , from the really EQUAL

3 He's a naughty boy and is very .. ..... famous bands to lesser-known

in class.
artists.
4 l'd never done a first-aid course, so I felt
completely when he collapsed.
5 I find coffee really . I have to have three
espressos in the morning.
6 She's the one that has ha ir.

7 They're so - ü;r. ,l*ays coming up

with new ideas.
B lt was the seventh time in a row that they'd won,
and the coach and crew were
 Use of English
Exam guide
Word power
ln Pa rls 2,3 an d 4, you lose marks if your spelling is
Suffixes to form nouns (I )
incorrect, so always check your spelling. You must
Form nouns from the words below using the write your answers in CAPITAL letters.
sufñxes. Some words can go in more than one
category.
active collect complex paint generous
vandal moral race productive sculpt 4 Word formation. For questions 1-8, read the
creative style violin curate real survive text below. Use the word given in capitals at
the end of some of the lines to form a word
-erl-or -ist -tsm -ity that fits in the gap in the same line.

GENERATIOTT
2 Complete the sentences with nouns from Ex.'|.
1 Some people hate street art and regard it as a
type of
Body art is nothing new: we
2 l'm glad the painting's going to a museum rather know from mummies that ancient
than a private ..
peoples worldwide were tattooed.
3 There is a new campaign to fight against
It could have been for religious
e s or
reasons, for (1) . . .. .. . . .
I

pu rposes
á iná iá ;t ;,1 ii'i,", i, T.i':, l:[,Ho MEDICINE

4 She is lead in the London Orchestra.

or because it was (2) . Today, FASHION
about 30o/o of people under the
5 Her paintings show that she has both technical
skill and a lot of age of forty are thought to have
tattoos, and even more have
6 Thanks to the . . of thousands of donors,
p iercings.
the painting has been restored.
7 Michelangelo's statue of David proves he was the Why do people choose to have
greatest . . ever. body art? Some people think ¡t can
8 I was surprised by the ... of the problem. help them show off their (3) CREATE
or their adventurous spirit. ln the
Eosily confused words: qrt ond foshion
1970s in Britain, it was considered
3 Choose the correct prefix or suffix to add to the (4) to have body art, so USUAL
base word. Then complete the sentences. when punks began embracing ¡t,
1 He's probably one of the most they were seen as outrageous and
(success) designers of all tim e. -ful/-ive
(5) . These days, tattooing CONVENTION
2 Celebrities tend to dictate what is
is much more mainstream, and
(fash ion). -able/-al
lots of people wish they were
3 The sewing course is expensive, but ¡t is taught
brave enough to have a tattoo.
by a (profession) designer. -ist/-al
There is, however, a lot of demand
4 There was a(n) (understanding) and
the model went the wrong way. in-/mis-
for tattoo removal. Why? Often
people wish they hadn't got
5 rhat rnake-up is awful: it looks incredibly
(natu ra l). un-/in- a tattoo of a partner's name,

6 Ycu cculd have made more effort this evening. I

(6) when they split up. SPECIAL

think )'cu're a bit (dresse d). over/under Fash ions a lso cha nge a nd that sma II

Those heels are so high! They just look

(7) dolphin on your ankle TASTE
(ridicule) -ous/-ful might not always be so trendy. One
We saw Girl with the Pearl Earilng in Bologna. lt tattoo artist said, 'lf only customers
was (forgetta ble). in-/un- wou Id check a d ictiona ry f irst!'
It was awful to see such a horrible photograph. I
That's because (8) words SPELL
thought it was very (taste). -ful/-less frequently have to be removed.
 Use of English
Exam guide
Word power
ln Part 3, use the text around the gap to decide what
Suffixes to form nouns el part of speech is missing. You may need to make two
Form nouns from the words below using changes (e.g . success - unsuccessful).
the suffixes. Write them in the table. Use a
diction ary to check the spelling.
ha ppy extend rely im prove em ba rrass
hesitate educate disappoint weak translate
distant elegant prefer ill excite forgive
independent revolve attend
r::''--'
-ment I -ness i-ence/-ance'-tion/-sion

2 Complete the sentences with nouns from Ex.l .

1 The minister of announced an increase
in funds for schools.
2 My face turned red from .. .

3 means liking one thing more than

another or others.
4 To convert . .... from miles to kilometres,
divide by five and multiply by eight.
5 The opposite of strength is
6 My report said I was satisfactory in Maths, but I

l've just finished my school pro.lect on

of
was in need in Physics.
(1)
science and lthought l'd share ¡NNOVATE
7 We have a. . . from ltalian to English to do.
what l've learned Let's explore the incredible
8 Flu is a very common .... in winter.
world of nanotechnology, shall we?

Prefixes ond suffixes review Nanotechnology is about building things

from very small particles, like rnolecules
3 Add a prefix and a suffix to the base words
and atoms. Early attempts at using it
below. Then complete the sentences.
were a bit of a (2) However, DISAPPO¡N-
in- un- im- dis- in recent years there have been h uge
patient help em ploy satisfy comfort (3) Nanotechnology is now IMPROVE
conven ient su it ag ree active part of our eve ryday lives - in electronics,
-ity -a ble -ence -ment -fu I -tion sports equipment, medicine and more The
1 That dress is much too short and totally possibilities seem (a) ... . For exam ple, LIMIT
for the occasion. there is a prototype 3D printer that can
2 The shop assistant was rude and create medicine by assembling chemical
3 Research has shown that and bad diet com pou nds. Pharmaceutical com pan ies
are a major cause of obesity in children. might no longer need to worry about the
4 continues to rise as hundreds of expense and (5) of manufacturing CONVENIE¡i'
workers lost their jobs this month. drugs, and people in remote places could
5 These chairs are much too hard. I find them have more access to medicine.
extremely
It sounds great, doesn't it? Nobody would
6 \\¡e apologise for any caused by the say nanotechnology was a bad thing, would
cne-hour delay.
they? Well, actually, some do Critics are
7 lf ycu're in a traffic jam, it's important to keep quickto pointoutatleastone(6) .. : ADVANTAGE
calm and not show your..... .
because it's so small, nanotechnology could
8 Employees have expressed their with have (7) and harmful consequences PREDICT
the low wage.
for the environment and human health
9 We had a about which film to see, so
Anyway, (8)
it's a fascinating subiect. DEF!NITE
we just went home. ttc)J

Tell me what you think, won't you?

 Reading and Use of English Part 3 The skyscraper appeared on the city skyline long before

Ex.4 flm we reached it, lcoking exactly like a vertical city. lt was
gorgeous, with its glass windows sparkling in the sun.
in novation inconven ience -lhe
visit was anra zing. fhe views from the top were
disappointment disadvantage
spectacula r and r¡y meal was delicious.
improvements unpreCictable
lf you ever fincl yourseif in London, go to The Shard to
limitless defirritely
experience its magic. You won't regret it.
Venture ¡nto Grammar . Question tags frm
Ex.5 flm TFFT
' sha ll we informa I Text structure
doesn't it
' would they
negative
pronoun
Ex,2 flm
won't you shall
413222
Language focus: reduced clauses
I SB p.163 . Grammar Reference
Ex.6 flm Ex.3 l'.ff,?
' isn't it didn't they
Standing at almost 310 metres, The Shard is one of the
tallest buildings in \,Vestern Europe.
,' haven't you did they
, shall we will / won't you
The skyscraper appeared on the city skyline long before we
: willthey shouldn't we
reached it, looking exactly like a vertica I city.
' doesn't it
Built over a period of three years, it includes an exclusive
selection of restaLlrants, a hotel and a viewing gallery.
Ex.7 fim It was gorgeous, with ¡ts glass windows sparkling in the sun.
' The first email was sent in 1971, wasn't it?
, Guglielmo Marconi invented the radio, didn't he? The sentences use the present participle or past partrciple form
', The first human heart transplant was performed by of the verb.
Christiaan Barnard, wasn't it?
The Russians put the first hurnan into space, didn't they?
Ex.4 fim
It is unusualto see a structure built so high.
The Hubble Telescope will not return to Earth in the future,
Completed in 2012, it has thousands of visitors every day.
will it?
Admission costs L2A, including a tour of the building.
So far, the Large lladron Collider has cost five billion euros,
Feelirrg tired, we stopped to enjoy the views.
hasn't it?
The deck was packed with tourists taking photographs.
Reading and Use of English Part 1 \ive've bo,.rght tickets for the show taking place tonight.

Ex.8 fiHf Writing plan: an article

ADDBDA:' Ex.5
pages 136-137. Writing
Getting started fIH'l Ex.6 fIHl
Students' own a nswers S:., c ents c\'.,n a ns\,vers

Ex.1 Writing Part2

Transcr¡pt @ 3.14 Ex.7 flm
Welcome to the vertical city Students o\ /n answers
lsn't it curious how we can live somewhere and never go
to see the technological wonders on our doorstep? For I SB p.166. Writing Bank

example, most Parisians never visit the Eiffel Tower, do Self-assessment checklist . Key competences
they? I d¡dn't want to make the same mistake in London, fffil
Ex.8
so ltook a taxi to visit one of the city's newest landmarks.
Students' own a nswers
Standing at almost 31 0 metres, The Shard is one of
the tallest buildings in Western Europe. lnnovative Find the links . Key competences
engineering methods were used in its construction.
Ex.9 flfflf
Built over a period of three years, it includes an exclusive
Students'own answers
selection of restaurants, a hotel and viewing gallery,
as well as luxu ry private accommodation. lt is situated
arrong London's more historic structures, such as St Paul's
and Tor¡uer Bridge, and is clcse to the main financial
::;st,'ict,