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Pantheleum Training Centre | Asia Pacific University
Pantheleum Training Centre Internship report |
Bachelor of Petroleum Engineering with Honours
Student Name: MOHAMED BAKRI OSMAN ABDEMAGED
Title Optimizing Bottom Hole Assembly Design through 3D Printing
Affiliation Pantheleum Training Centre | Asia Pacific University
Date 5/11/2023 to 5/3/2024
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1-Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………….3
2-Introduction. ………………………………………………………………………………4
3-List of components: …………………………………………………………………….…5
4-List of Figures:…………………………………………………………………………..…2
5-Drill bit tricone: …………………………………………………………………….…..…5
6-Drilling PDC: ………………………………………………………………………..……6
7-Sub bit: ……………………………………………………………………………………8
8-Stabilizer bit: ………………………………………………………………………..……9
9-Roller reamer: ………………………………………………………………………...…11
10-Drilling jar: …………………………………………………………………………..…12
11-Drill collar: ………………………………………………………………………..……13
12-Heavy weight drill pipe: ………………………………………………………….……14
13-Drill Pipe: …………………………………………………………………………....…15
14-BOP (Annular Blowout Preventer): ……………………………………………………16
15-Mud Pump: …………………………………………………………………….………17
16-Rotary Table: ……………………………………………………………………..……18
17-Discussion: …………………………………………………………………………..…19
18-Conclusion: ………………………………………………………………………….…19
19-References: ……………………………………………………………………………..20
20-Appendix: ………………………………………………………………………………22
3-List of Figures:…………………………………………………………………………….2
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Figures 10:………………………………………………………………………………….11
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Abstract:
This research report documents the methodologies and outcomes of an internship focused on
the design and fabrication of bottom hole assembly (BHA) components for drilling operations.
Through the integration of real-life measurements, computer-aided design (CAD) software,
and additive manufacturing techniques, the internship aimed to optimize BHA design practices.
The report outlines the research process, including data collection, design iterations, and 3D
printing of components. The results highlight the successful translation of measurements into
precise digital models, leading to the fabrication of functional BHA components. Insights
gained from the internship contribute to advancements in drilling equipment design and
underscore the importance of innovation in enhancing drilling efficiency and safety.
Introduction:
During the course of the internship, the focus was primarily on the design and optimization of
BHA components using a combination of real-life measurements, computer-aided design
(CAD) software, and additive manufacturing techniques. This report aims to document the
methodologies employed, the challenges encountered, and the outcomes achieved during the
internship period.
Through the systematic design process, involving the translation of real-life measurements into
precise digital models and the subsequent fabrication of physical components using 3D printing
technology, the internship sought to contribute to the advancement of drilling equipment design
practices. By delving into the specifics of BHA design and manufacturing, this research
endeavours to shed light on innovative approaches and potential improvements in the field.
The following sections will delve deeper into the methodologies employed, the results obtained,
and the implications of the research findings, ultimately providing insights into the significance
of the internship experience and its contributions to the broader domain of drilling engineering.
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1.
List of components:
Drill bit tricone:
Definition: A type of rotary drill bit with three cones mounted on bearings that rotate
independently as the bit drills. Each cone has teeth or inserts that crush the rock as the
bit turns.
Figures 1: Bit tricone
Real-life measurements: Tricone bits come in a wide range of sizes, depending on the
application. For example, bits used in oil and gas drilling can range from 4 inches to 26
inches in diameter. API NC50 refers to a specific thread connection size commonly used
in oil and gas drilling, with a nominal diameter of 5.5 inches and 10 threads per inch.
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Figures 2: 3D designed Bit tricone.
Tricone bits are used for drilling a wide variety of formations, from soft to hard. They are
often used in oil and gas drilling, water well drilling, and mineral exploration.
2. Drilling PDC:
PDC stands for Polycrystalline Diamond Compact. It is a type of drill bit that uses diamond
inserts to cut through rock. PDC bits are very durable and can drill through very hard
formations.
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Figures 3: 3D designed PDC bit.
Real-life measurements: PDC bits also come in a wide range of sizes, from 4 inches to 26
inches in diameter.
Figures 4: PDC bits parts
PDC bits are used for drilling very hard formations, such as granite and basalt. They are
often used in oil and gas drilling, geothermal drilling, and directional drilling.
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3. Sub bit:
A sub is a short length of drill pipe that is used to connect different downhole tools together.
Subs can be made from a variety of materials, such as steel, aluminium, and titanium.
Figures 5: SUB Bit
Figures 6: Types of Sub bit.
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Subs come in a variety of lengths and diameters, depending on the application.
What it's used for: Subs are used to connect a variety of downhole tools together, such as
drill bits, mud motors, and logging tools.
Figures 7: 3D designed sub bit.
4. Stabilizer bit:
A stabilizer bit is a type of drill bit that is used to improve the stability of the drill string.
Stabilizer bits have fins or blades that help to keep the drill string cantered in the hole.
Real-life measurements: Stabilizer bits come in a variety of sizes and lengths, depending
on the application.
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Figures 8: straight blade Stabilizer bit
Stabilizer bits are used to improve the stability of the drill string, which can help to prevent
borehole problems such as deviation and washout.
Figures 9: 3D designed Stabilizer bit
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5. Roller reamer:
A roller reamer is a tool that is used to enlarge an existing borehole. Roller reamers have
rollers that crush the rock as they are rotated.
Real-life measurements: Roller reamers come in a variety of sizes, depending on the
application.
Figures 10: Roller Reamer parts
Roller reamers are used to enlarge existing boreholes, such as when a larger diameter casing
or liner needs to be installed.
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Figures 11: 3D designed Roller reamers
6. Drilling jar:
A drilling jar is a tool that is used to apply a shock load to the drill string. Drilling jars can be
used to free a stuck drill string or to break up hard formations.
Real-life measurements: Drilling jars come in a variety of sizes and weights, depending on the
application.
Figures 12: drilling jar parts
Drilling jars are used to free stuck drill strings or to break up hard formations.
7. Drill collar:
A drill collar is a heavy weight section of drill pipe that is used to provide weight on the bit
and to add stiffness to the drill string.
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Figures 13: 3D designed drill collar
Drill collars come in a variety of lengths and weights, depending on the application. API
NC50 drill collars typically have a diameter of 5.5 inches and weigh several thousand
pounds.
Figures 14:
What it's used for: Drill collars are used to provide weight on the bit and to add stiffness
to the drill string. This helps to improve drilling performance and prevent borehole
problems.
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8. Heavy weight drill pipe:
Heavy weight drill pipe is a type of drill pipe that is thicker and heavier than standard
drill pipe. It is used to provide weight on the bit and to add stiffness to the drill string.
Figures 15: Drill pipe real life designs
Heavy weight drill pipe comes in a variety of sizes and weights, depending on the
application. API NC50 heavy weight drill pipe typically has a diameter of 5.5 inches and
weighs more than standard.
Figures 16: 3D designed heavy weight drill pipe.
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Drill Pipe:
Hollow steel tubes that connect the surface equipment to the downhole tools. They
provide a path for drilling fluid circulation and transmit rotary torque and weight to the
bit.
Figures 17: Drill pipe head heads
Comes in various sizes and lengths, often standardized by API. NC50 refers to a thread
connection size with a nominal diameter of 5.5 inches and 10 threads per inch. Lengths can
range from 30 ft to 30 ft+, depending on application.
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Figures 18: 3D designed drill pipe
Provides structural support, transmits drilling fluids, and allows rotation and weight-on-bit
(WOB) transfer.
10. BOP (Annular Blowout Preventer):
A critical safety device at the wellhead that seals the wellbore to prevent uncontrolled flow of
formation fluids (oil, gas, etc.) in case of pressure surges or emergencies.
Image of BOP (Annular Blowout Preventer) Opens in a new window
Figures 19: BOP (Annular Blowout Preventer)
Sizes vary depending on well depth and pressure rating. NC50 refers to a specific BOP stack
configuration. Provides primary wellbore pressure control, ensuring crew and environmental
safety.
Mud Pump:
Powerful reciprocating pumps that circulate drilling fluid through the drill string and up the
annulus (space between drill pipe and wellbore wall). It cools the bit, cleans cuttings, and
controls wellbore pressure.
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Figures 20: Mud pump
Mud pump 3D designed
Varies based on drilling needs. Large land rigs can have pumps exceeding 3,000 horsepower.
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Maintains drilling fluid circulation for cooling, cleaning, pressure control, and cuttings
removal.
12. Rotary Table:
A large rotating platform at the top of the drilling rig that transmits rotational power from the
draw works to the drill string through the kelly (square-shaped drill pipe section).
Figures 21: Rotary table
Diameter varies depending on rig size, typically ranging from 21 ft to 30 ft.
Rotates the drill string and downhole tools to create the cutting action.
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Discussion:
Interpret the results in relation to the research question or hypothesis.
Compare findings with previous research and theoretical expectations.
Discuss implications, significance, and limitations of the study. Note that most of these
components are not printed. Due to the 3d printer machine take very long time to finish printing
one object can take up to 30 hours depends on the quality and the specifications.
Conclusion:
The internship provided valuable insights into optimizing bottom hole assembly (BHA) design
through real-life measurements, SOLIDWORKS software, and additive manufacturing.
Successful translation of measurements into precise digital models and 3D printing of
components demonstrates the methodology's effectiveness. This research has practical
implications for improving drilling efficiency and safety. Lessons learned lay the groundwork
for further innovation in drilling engineering, contributing to sustainable energy exploration.
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References:
All the information provided in this report you can refer to the reference down blow:
Zone, C.P. (2018). Simplex Pump. [online] Medium. Available at:
[Link]
Schroeder, G. (2017). What is a Triplex Pump? [online] Power Zone Equipment. Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].
Schroeder, G. (2017). What is a Triplex Pump? [online] Power Zone Equipment. Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].
[Link]. (n.d.). [Hot Item] API Spec 7K Rotary Table for Oil Drilling Rotary Table.
[online] Available at: [Link]
[Link]/product/dFefuPkOlwUm/China-API-Spec-7K-Rotary-Table-for-Oil-Drilling-
[Link] [Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].
SlideShare. (2020). Annular Spherical BOP - Worldwide Oilfield Machine. [online] Available
at: [Link]
[Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].
FOR REFERENCE ONLY. (n.d.). Available at: [Link]
content/uploads/2022/11/Datasheet_512-IEU-x-2190-x-S135-x-R2-31.5-ft_7-x-4-x-TSDS55-
x-135-ksi-SMYS_14-Box-12-Pin_HB-Box_60-70-MUT_1.0-FF-and-1.15-FF_TSC-DP-
[Link] [Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].
[Link]. (n.d.). Drill collars | ПКФ-ГазНефтеМаш. [online] Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].
Product Reference Guide. (n.d.). Available at:
[Link] [Accessed
13 Feb. 2024].
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Pin (in) Box (in). (n.d.). Available at:
[Link]
[Link] [Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].
Marotta, L. (n.d.). Drilling data Handbook Ed 7th. [Link]. [online] Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 13 Feb.
2024].
Scribd. (n.d.). 5-E ZP-375 Rotary Table 转盘 | PDF | Mechanical Engineering | Manufactured
Goods. [online] Available at: [Link]
Rotary-Table-%E8%BD%AC%E7%9B%98 [Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].
[Link]. (n.d.). Mud Pump 3NB Series | Mud Pump manufacturer | Rundong. [online]
Available at: [Link] [Accessed 15 Feb.
2024].
[Link]. (n.d.). ShopBakerHughes | Energy, Mining, Geothermal &
Oilfield Products. [online] Available at: [Link]
bits/tricone-drill-bit [Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
Manual, D. (2017). PDC Drill Bits In Oil & Gas. [online] DRILLING MANUAL. Available
at: [Link] [Accessed 29
Dec. 2023].
International, W. (n.d.). Bit Sub Rentals. [online] Work strings International. Available at:
[Link]
[Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
[Link]. (n.d.). [Hot Item] API 7-1 AISI 4145h Near Bit Stabilizer. [online]
Available at: [Link]
[Link] [Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
JA Oilfield. (n.d.). Roller Reamers. [online] Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
[Link] | (2018). What are Drilling Jars?. [online] Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
[Link]. (n.d.). What is a Drill Collar. [online] Available at:
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[Link] [Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
Staff, T. (2019). About Drill Pipes: What Are They & What Are They Used For? [online] TIOT.
Available at: [Link]
Anon, (2012). Annular Preventers. [online] Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
Wikipedia. (2023). Rotary table. [online] Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
[Link]. (n.d.). 10 HP Vertical Mud Pump, 6 inch, 380V. [online] Available at:
[Link] [Accessed 15 Feb. 2024].
Appendix:
Here are some of the components that been printing, the delay in 3D printing happens
because sometimes the objects take longer time to for instance 44 hurs, so most of my object
they not printed yet.
Oil and gas rig base.
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Oil and gas rig base.
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Oil and gas rig base.
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Oil and gas rig base 3d printed components including beam upper and lower beam.
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Beam of oil rig and failed printing of Drill pipe.
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3D printer at work.
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3D printer Filament.
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