9
Nomenclature and uses of
SurgicalInstruments and
HospitalEquipments
(Contributed by Sanjula Baboota)
for any
Knowledge of surgical instruments is very essential surgical
for
pharmacist working in a hospital. They are meant pharmacist is
purposes. II includes wide variety of surgicals and stores or in
expected to handle the surgical instruments at the drug
a hospital.
TOWEL CLIPS OR CORNER CLIPS
in
These are used as surgery accessories to fix surgical towels
Corner clips
such a manner which reduces the risk of contamination.
are of following types
(1) Gray's type
(2) Backhaus type
(3) Moynihan's tetra towel forceps
Fig. 9.1. Backhaus type towel clip.
These forceps has four teeth in which two are present on cach
178
NOMENCLATURE & USES OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS & 179
HOSPITAL EQUIPMENTS
eide of blade. It is used to fix towel to the skin flap to prevent entry
of micro-organisms from the skin.
SCALPELS AND THEIR BLADES
Scalpels are used to make an inscision. It is a blade with a handle
and blades are detachable type.
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
Fig. 9.2. Scalpel blades.
FORCEPS
hold the tissue.
(i) Tissue forceps : These forceps are used to
They may be toothed or non-toothed.
(a) Toothed Tissue forceps
(i) Allis type
(ii) Lane's type
(üi) Moynihan's type
Fig. 9.3. Allis toothed tissue forceps.
with short
Lane's Toothed Tissue Forceps. These forceps are long bleeding
blades. The main function of such forceps is to catch
periosteal vessels.
tissue
(b) Untoothed Tissue Forceps like Babcock's untoothed
forceps are used to hold delicate structures like the peritoneum,
appendix etc.
handle plainappendicular
and artery. used They and examples : from
serrations,
(b) structures.
(a) or (iüi) straight (b) (a) the (in
and have
in
Toothed Plain Dissecting
toothed Medium Heamostatic
the
appendectomy bluntMosquito clamp,vessels.
and
Dissecting
inner They sized
Dissecting type. tip are Type Fig. and The
Fig. Forceps. 9.4.
Fig. side help with used Forceps.
Haemostaticcharacteristic
9.6. 9.5. Medium-sized
Haemostatic no
Forcepsin in no interval
Toothed Forceps Plain in interval to
serrated. surgicalThese order check
They HOSPITAL
dissecting dissecting
: are between haemostatic
the forceps between
These to Forceps. features are
operations.
forceps. used pass blood used
forceps. forceps AND
the blades. are to
to forceps.
a flowThese
ligature
blades. CLINICAL
They hold bluntcheck
have from
forceps Following
various tip, the
are It
the PHARMACY
spring around is transverse blood
of generally
tissues vessels. are
either small are
like the the flow
NOMENCLATURE & USES OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS & 181
HOSPITAL EQUIPMENTS
v) Tongue Holding Forceps. These forceps hold the tongue
during surgery or to prevent it trom falling back so as not to obstmuct
breathing. In this tip ot one of blades is expanded onto which the
tip of other blade fits.
() Sponge Holding Forceps. These forceps are 9.5" long with
finger bows and catches. They are used to hold antiseptic cotton
swabs and gauze before the surgery.
Fig. 9.7. Sponge holding forceps.
(v) Bone Cutting Forceps. They have sharp blades and handle,
which are used to cut bones.
Fig. 9.8. Bone cutting forceps.
(vii) Bone Holding (Lion) Forceps. This forcep resembles like
a lion's jaw (when open) and hence called lion's forceps. It has stout
blunt teeth on the blades to catch bones.
Fig. 9.9. Bone holding (lion) forceps.
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HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL
(vn) Piles Holding Forceps. They have oval PHARMAcY
grooves inside but no serrations. It is uscd to holdshaped jaws with
piles mass.
Fig. 9.10. Piles holding forceps.
SCISSORS
Thesc are cutting instruments which are
categornies depending on their functions and categorized
design. into
(1) Straight Blunt Scissors fol owing
Fig. 9.11. Straight blunt scissors.
(2) Straight
Pointed Scissors
Fig. 9.12.
(3) Straight pointed scissors.
Lister's Bandage Scissors to cut the bandage
Fig. 9.13.
Lister's bandage scissors.
NOMENCLATURE& USES OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS & 183
HOSPITAL EQUIPMENTS
NEEDLES
Needles are of many types :
() Surgical needles. They are of four types.
(a) Straight needle.
(b) Round shaft curved needle.
(c) Triangular shaft curved needle.
(d) Flat shaft curved
needle.
Fig. 9.14. Straight needle.
Fig 9.15. Flat shaft cunved needle.
RUBBER CATHETERS
Rubber catheters are of different sizes. They are either
(i) Flexible rubber catheter.
(ii) Self retaining rubber catheter
Fig. 9.16. Rubber catheter.
They are used to drain off a bladder in case of urine retention.
They are used to collect urine from those who are unable to void
naturally. Flexible soft rubber catheters are small rubber tubes with
a closed solid tip. At one end there is a funnel shaped opening to
facilitate attatchment of the catheter to a glass junction or another
tube leading to a collection unit.
HEALTH ACCESSORIES
These can be broadly classified as :
(1) Ambulatory aids.
(2) Hospital beds.
(3) Orthopaedic braces and surgical fitings
