Annex I

Werabe University
College of Social Science
Department of Geography and Environmental studies

Questionnaire for the Sampled Households

Research Title: Challenges and Practice of Urban Land Dispute Resolution In The Case of
Werabe Town, Southern Ethiopia.

The main aim of this questionnaire is to collect data as input for the study entitled ‘’ Challenges
and Practice of Urban Land Dispute Resolution in The Case of Werabe Town, Southern
Ethiopia. Dear respondent, I would like to inform you that this questionnaire is for academic
purposes only. As a resident of this town, the outcomes of this study may help the efforts made
by the responsible bodies to find ways of improving the existing urban land dispute resolution
challenges in the town. Therefore, your views and ideas are considered very important for the
success of the study and it would be very much appreciated if you spend a little time answering
this questionnaire. So I kindly request you to fill this questionnaire without hesitation.

For all your cooperation and time I thank you in advance.

Part I. Personal information of the Respondent

1. Sex:
1. Male
2. Female
2. Age:
1. 18-30
2. 31-40
3. 41-50
4. 51-60
5. 61 and Above
3. Marital status:
1. Single
2. Married
3. Divorced
4. Household size:
1.1- 3
2. 4-6
3. 7-9
4. 10 and above
5. The education level of household head:
 1. Illiterate
2. Primary education (1-8)
3. Secondary education (9-12)
4. College Diploma
5. Degree & above
6. What is your occupation?
1. Civil Servant
2. Self-employ/informal
3. Private
4. Unemployed
7. How long you have lived as residents in the Werabe town?
1. below 1 year
2. 1 -5 years
3. 6-10 years
4. Above 11
Part II: Please give your opinion on the extent of land related disputes
1. Did you come across with any land tenure related disputes during the past 5 years?
1. Yes 2. No
3. What type of urban land dispute is it?
1. Boundary dispute
2. Inheritance dispute
3. Rival dispute
4. Divorce dispute
5. Land rent contract dispute
6. Land use related dispute
7. Others, please specify, ——————————————————–
4. With whom was your land dispute?
4.1 With another individual
4.2 With governmental bodies such as municipalities
4.3 With private developers
4.4 Others, please specify———————————————————
5. Why you became to such land dispute
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6. In your kebele, which segments of the society are more victim to urban land disputes?
6.1 Females
6.2 Poor farmers
6.3 Others
6.4 No difference
7. On which property regime types land disputes are more frequent
7.1 Private property regimes
7.2 Common property regimes
7.3 Communal property regimes
7.4 State property regimes
8. What do you think the reason might be for such property regime dispute to be more frequent?
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Part III: About land tenure dispute resolution practices
9. How is urban land related dispute cases resolved in your locality?
9.1 By formal (legal) procedures
9.3 Through administrative decisions
9.4 By alternative dispute resolution mechanisms (ADRM),
9.5 Others, specify————————————————
10. If your answer to the above question is ADRM, what type of alternative dispute resolution
mechanism/s is used to solve your problem?
10.1 Negotiation
10.2 Mediation
10.3 Arbitration
10.4 Others, specify ————————–
11. Why this method is mostly preferred?
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12. If via administrative bodies, which one of those resolved your disputes?
12.1 Kebele administrative bodies,
12.2 Kebele land administration committees
12.3 town municipality office
12.4 Wereda land administration office,
12.5 Others, specify——————————————
13. How do you evaluate the decision made by the administrative bodies?
13.1 Very good
13.2 Good
13.3 Poor
13.4 Very poor
13.5 I don’t know
14. If your answer to the above question is poor and below, what do you think the reason might
be?
14.1 Lack of accountability
14.2 Lack of equity
14.3 Inefficiency
14.4 Others, please specify —————————–
15. When you compare the decision by ordinary courts and ADRM s, which one you prefer and
why?
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16. How do you evaluate the dispute resolution ability of ADRM institutions?
16.1 Very good
16.2 Good
16.3 Poor
16.4 Very poor
16.5 I don’t know
17. If your answer to the above question is poor and below, what do you think the reason might
be?
17.1 ——————————————————————————————-–––––––––––––
17.2 ——————————————————————————————––––––––––––––
17.3 —————————————————————————————––––––––––––––––
18. If your answer to question number 9 is litigation, which court gives you decision
18.1 Social courts
18.2 Wereda courts,
18.3 Others, specify ——————————————–
19. What is your satisfaction by the decision of courts?
19.1 Very satisfied
19.2 Satisfied
19.3 Fair
19.4 Unsatisfied
19.5 Very unsatisfied
20. If your response to question number 9 is fair and below, what do you think the reason may be
for this low service delivery?
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21. How do you rate the cost of litigation?
1. Very expensive
2. Expensive
3. Fair
4. Cheap
5. Very cheap
22. How do you rate the time of decision making for litigation?
22.1 Very high
22.2 High
22.3 Fair
22.4 Low
22.5 Very low
23. What about the appeal cases for unsatisfied party in decisions?
23.1 Transparent and responsive
23.2 Time consuming and expensive
23.3 No well-established appeal system
23.4 Others, specify——————————————
21. How do you evaluate court decisions in reducing urban land disputes in Werabe Town?
1. Very good
2. Good
3. Fair
4. Poor
5. Very poor
22. Have you been satisfied with courts’ decision?
24.1 Yes
24.2 No
25. How do evaluate the level of collaboration and coordination within land management
institutions with courts?
1. Very Poor
2. Poor
3. Average
4. Good
5. Very good

Thank you very much for your contribution and patience!

Annex II: Interview guidelines/questions

For Werabe Town First Instant Court, Police and Justice Office
1. What are the main causes of land and particularly urban land related disputes? Who manage
them?
2. Are there any effective and necessary land related dispute resolution mechanisms in Werabe
town? If yes, how? If not, what are those main challenges then?
3. Is there guideline, policy and strategic tool which could enhance urban land dispute
resolution? Please elaborate this question in line with practical and available documents and
resources.
4. How do urban land related disputes contributing to poverty and under-development?
5. What would you think the key challenges for resolving urban land related disputes in werabe
town?
6. Do you agree that land policy decisions are based on consultation with community and their
feedback sought and incorporated in the resulting policy?
7. How is transparency of urban land related dispute resolution process in the town?
8. How do you rate clarity and accessibility of the urban land laws and rules regulating land
disputes?
9. How do you perceive the mechanisms and the information as well as services provided at the
municipality?
10. Do you agree that all community members and particularly disputants in the town have equal
access to services and information without discrimination?
 Annex III: Interview questions
Administrative bodies: municipality, and kebele administration officials , ADRM
1. What are the key factors contributing urban land disputes and how do you resolve them
practically? is there guiding policy/procedure? Can you explain this in terms of human labor,
product and service linkages?
2. Which formal and informal organs are entertaining urban land disputes? What looks their
effectiveness in terms of fairness, time and cost?
3. Does your institution involve in resolving urban land disputes? If yes, how many disputes are
dissolved within the past five years of time?
4. Explain the practices how your institution is dissolving land related disputes? are the disputant
benefiting or not? Do all poor or rich have equal access?
5. What would you think the main challenges with regard to urban land dispute resolution in
your locality?
6. What is your opinion in order to reduce these land related disputes easily?
7. Do you agree that officials and workers perform their duties diligently and objectively without
seeking bribes?

Thank you very much for your contribution and patience!

Annex IV

Focus Group Discussion Questions

1. Is there a problem of urban land related disputes in Werabe town?

2. What are the main causes for urban land disputes happening in Werabe town?

3. How do you resolve those urban land disputes happening in the town?

4. What are the challenges and constraints for resolving urban land disputes in Werabe town?

5. How do you evaluate the commitments and effectiveness of the different land dispute
resolution institutions in your locality? How about the offices and experts to improve the existing
urban land dispute resolution problem?

6. What are that the policy and regulatory issues contributing to the problem?

8. What do you suggest to have effective dispute resolution system that can catalyze economic
development and minimize deep rooted poverty?

9. What are the best practices of residents in solving land related disputes in the study area?

Thank you very much for your contribution and patience!