Operating Manual

Refrigerated Centrifuge
for Robot Technology

4-16KR

from serial no. 128012

Please retain for later use!

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

In case of inquiries please state the following number:

Serial number:

Copyright by
Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH
An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode am Harz
Germany

Phone +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-0

Fax +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-12
E-mail: info@[Link]

For service

please use our service request form on our website:

[Link] [Service Area]

or contact:
Phone +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-84 25
Fax +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-94 25
E-mail: service@[Link]

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 3

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Table of Contents

Table of Contents
1 General Information 9
1.1 Importance of the Operating Manual .......................................................................... 9
1.2 Intended Use .............................................................................................................. 9
1.3 Warranty and Liability ................................................................................................. 9
1.4 Copyright .................................................................................................................. 10
1.5 Standards and Regulations ...................................................................................... 10
1.6 Scope of Supply ....................................................................................................... 10

2 Design of the Centrifuge 11

2.1 Overview .................................................................................................................. 11
2.2 Name Plate............................................................................................................... 12

3 Safety 13
3.1 Marking of the Unit ................................................................................................... 13
3.2 Explanation of the Symbols and Notes ..................................................................... 14
3.3 Responsibility of the Operator .................................................................................. 15
3.4 Operating Personnel................................................................................................. 15
3.5 Informal Safety Instructions ...................................................................................... 15
3.6 Safety Instructions .................................................................................................... 16
3.6.1 Electrical Safety .......................................................................................... 16
3.6.2 Mechanical Safety....................................................................................... 16
3.6.3 Safety Instructions for robot-controlled Centrifuges ..................................... 17
3.6.4 Fire Prevention ........................................................................................... 17
3.6.5 Chemical and Biological Safety................................................................... 17
3.6.6 Safety Instructions for Centrifugation .......................................................... 18
3.6.7 Resistance of Plastics ................................................................................. 18
3.6.8 Service Life of Rotors and Accessories ....................................................... 18
3.7 Safety Devices ......................................................................................................... 19
3.7.1 Lid Lock Device .......................................................................................... 19
3.7.2 Standstill Monitoring.................................................................................... 19
3.7.3 System Check............................................................................................. 19
3.7.4 Ground Wire Check .................................................................................... 20
3.7.5 Imbalance Monitoring System ..................................................................... 20
3.8 Measures in the Event of Hazards and Accidents..................................................... 20
3.9 Remaining Hazards .................................................................................................. 20

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 5

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Table of Contents

4 Storage and Transport 21

4.1 Dimensions and Weight ............................................................................................ 21
4.2 Storage Conditions ................................................................................................... 21
4.3 Notes on Transport ................................................................................................... 21

5 Set-up and Connection 22

5.1 Unpacking the Centrifuge ......................................................................................... 22
5.2 Transport Safety Device ........................................................................................... 22
5.3 Installation Site ......................................................................................................... 23
5.4 Power Supply ........................................................................................................... 23
5.4.1 Connection.................................................................................................. 23
5.4.2 Fuses .......................................................................................................... 23

6 Using the Centrifuge 24

6.1 Initial Start-Up........................................................................................................... 24
6.1.1 Switching the Centrifuge ON ....................................................................... 24
6.1.2 Opening and Closing the Lid ....................................................................... 24
6.1.3 Installation of Rotors and Accessories ........................................................ 24
[Link] Installation of the Rotor ............................................................... 24
[Link] Installation of Accessories........................................................... 25
[Link] Adapters ..................................................................................... 26
[Link] Tubes.......................................................................................... 26
6.2 Spincontrol Universal – Manual Operation ................................................................ 27
6.2.1 Operating Panel .......................................................................................... 27
6.2.2 Centrifuge Display....................................................................................... 27
6.2.3 Manual Mode .............................................................................................. 28
[Link] Starting the Centrifuge ................................................................ 28
[Link] Interrupting a Centrifugation Run ................................................ 28
[Link] Interrupting a Deceleration Process ............................................ 28
[Link] Softstart and Softstop Function ................................................... 28
[Link] Runtime ...................................................................................... 28
[Link] Speed ......................................................................................... 30
[Link] Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF) ................................................ 31
[Link] Temperature ............................................................................... 31
[Link] Rotor selection ............................................................................ 34
6.2.4 Program Mode ............................................................................................ 34
[Link] Saving the Current Settings ........................................................ 34
[Link] Calling Up Stored Programs........................................................ 35
6.2.5 Lockdown.................................................................................................... 35
[Link] Permanent Lockdown ................................................................. 35
6.2.6 Activating/Deactivating the Sound Signal .................................................... 36

6 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Table of Contents

6.3 Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge ........................................................................ 37

6.3.1 Connection ................................................................................................. 37
6.3.2 Input ........................................................................................................... 37
6.3.3 Serial Control Interface ............................................................................... 37
[Link] Introduction ................................................................................. 37
[Link] General specifications................................................................. 38
[Link] Communication protocol ............................................................. 38
User commands........................................................................... 38
Control commands ....................................................................... 39
Commands to change the setpoints ............................................. 39
Commands to request process values ......................................... 39
Commands to request setpoints................................................... 39
Commands to change parameters ............................................... 39
Commands to read parameters.................................................... 39
Commands to request the status ................................................. 40
Other commands ......................................................................... 41
Table of User Commands ............................................................ 48
[Link] Examples .................................................................................... 49
Commands for centrifuges with motor driven lid or hatch ............. 50
Commands for centrifuges with rotor positioning .......................... 50
Commands for Rotor Cycle Counter ............................................ 50
[Link] Hardware interface (optional accessory) ..................................... 51
Pinning of the connector .............................................................. 51
Typical connection to a PC .......................................................... 51
6.3.4 Rotors ......................................................................................................... 52
6.4 Switching the Centrifuge OFF................................................................................... 52

7 Malfunctions and Error Correction 53

7.1 General Malfunctions................................................................................................ 53
7.1.1 Emergency Lid Release .............................................................................. 54
7.2 Error Codes .............................................................................................................. 55
7.3 Service Contact ........................................................................................................ 56

8 Maintenance and Service 56

8.1 Maintenance ............................................................................................................. 57
8.1.1 Centrifuge ................................................................................................... 57
8.1.2 Accessories ................................................................................................ 58
[Link] Plastic Accessories ..................................................................... 58
[Link] Aluminium Accessories ............................................................... 58
8.1.3 Rotors, Buckets and Multiple Carriers ......................................................... 58
8.1.4 Load-bearing Bolts...................................................................................... 59
8.1.5 Glass Breakage .......................................................................................... 59
8.1.6 Condenser .................................................................................................. 60
8.2 Sterilization and Disinfection of the Rotor Chamber and Accessories ....................... 60
8.2.1. Autoclaving ................................................................................................. 60
8.3 Service ..................................................................................................................... 61
8.4 Return of defective parts........................................................................................... 62

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 7

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Table of Contents

9 Disposal 63
9.1 Disposal of the Centrifuge ........................................................................................ 63
9.2 Disposal of the Packaging ........................................................................................ 63

10 Technical Data 64
10.1 Ambient Conditions .................................................................................................. 64

11 Appendix 65
11.1 Suitable Accessories ................................................................................................ 65
11.2 Grafical Representation of the Rotors ....................................................................... 65
11.3 Formulae - Mathematical Relations .......................................................................... 66
11.3.1 Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF) ................................................................ 66
11.3.2 Density........................................................................................................ 66
11.3.3 Speed-Gravitational-Field-Diagram ............................................................. 66
Resistance Data ....................................................................................................... 68
EC-Declaration of Conformity ................................................................................... 71

12 Index 73

8 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

General Information

1 General Information

1.1 Importance of the Operating Manual

A fundamental requirement for the safe and trouble-free operation of
the centrifuge is to be familiar with the fundamental safety instructions
and all possible hazards.
The operating manual includes important information concerning the
safe operation of the centrifuge.
This operating manual and in particular the notes on safety and
hazards must be observed by all persons operating the centrifuge.
In addition, the local rules and regulations for the prevention of
accidents must be complied with.

1.2 Intended Use

Centrifuges are power-driven machines that separate liquids from
solid matter, liquid mixtures, or solid mixtures by centrifugal force.
They are solely intended for this purpose. Any other use beyond this
area of application is regarded as improper use.
SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH cannot be held liable for any damage
resulting from such improper use.
The intended use also includes
observation of all the notes and instructions included in the
operating manual and
compliance with the care, cleaning, and maintenance
instructions.

1.3 Warranty and Liability

The warranty and liability are subject to our "General Conditions" that
were distributed to the operator upon the conclusion of the contract.
Warranty and liability claims are excluded if they are due to:
Improper use.
Non-compliance with the safety instructions and hazard warnings
in the operating manual.
Improper installation, start-up, operation, and maintanance of the
centrifuge.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 9

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

General Information

1.4 Copyright
The copyright concerning the operating manual remains Sigma
Laborzentrifugen GmbH.
The operatin manual is solely intended for the operator and their
personnel. It includes instructions and information that may not be
duplicated,
distributet, or
communicated in any othe way
neither in full nor in parts.
Non-compliance may be prosecuted under criminal law.

1.5 Standards and Regulations

EC Declaration of Conformity (page 71).

1.6 Scope of Supply

The centrifuge comprises:
1 rotor wrench, size 13 Part no. 930 102
1 hexagon socket wrench (size 5) Part no. 930 051
1 tube of grease for load bearing bolts Part no. 70 284
20 ml slushing oil Part no. 70 104
50 ml multipurpose oil "Ballistol" Part no. 980 480
1 tube of silicone grease Part no. 984 780
1 RS232 cable Part no. 246 135

Documentation:
Operating Manual incl. EC Declaration of Conformity (page 71)

Accessories
according to your order, our order confirmation, and our delivery note.

10 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Design of the Centrifuge

2 Design of the Centrifuge

2.1 Overview

1 Lid 1 2
2 Sliding cover
3 Operating panel
4 Mains switch

4
Fig. 2.1: Total view of the centrifuge

5 Name plate
(see page 12)

Fig. 2.2:
Rear view of the centrifuge

6 7
6 Serial interface
7 Mains cable

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 11

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Design of the Centrifuge

2.2 Name Plate

1 Manufacturer and registered

office
2 Type name 9
1
3 Serial number
4 Max. speed
5 Kinetic energy 10
6 Max. density 2 11
7 Nominal voltage
8 Input fuse 3 12
9 Symbol for special disposal
(see chapter 9) 4
10 CE mark in accordance with
the directive 94/9/EC 5
11 Part number 6
12 Year of manufacture 7
13 Power consumption
8 13

Fig. 2.3: Example of a name plate

12 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Safety

3 Safety
3.1 Marking of the Unit
International symbols used for SIGMA centrifuges:

Gefährliche elektrische Spannung

Dangerous voltage
Courant haute tension

Achtung, Betriebsanleitung lesen

Attention, consult instruction manual
Attention, consulter mode d'emploi

Ein (Netzverbindung)
I On (Power)
Marche (mise sous tension)

Aus (Netzverbindung)
O Off (Power)
Arrêt (mise hors tension)

Schutzleiteranschluss
Protective earth (ground)
Liaison à la terre

Erde
Earth (ground)
Terre

Netzstecker ziehen
Unplug mains plug
Tirer la fiche de prise

Vorsicht Quetschgefahr
Caution! Risk of bruising
Attention! Danger de blessure

Drehrichtungspfeil
Arrow direction of rotation
Flèche sens de rotation

Heiße Oberfläche
Hot surface
Surface chaude

Nicht mit dem Hausmüll entsorgen

Do not dispose as part of domestic waste
Ne pas jeter avec les déchets ménager

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 13

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Safety

3.2 Explanation of the Symbols and Notes

This operating manual uses the following names and symbols to
indicate hazards:
This symbol stands for a direct hazard to the life and health of
persons.

Non-observance of these symbols causes serious health problems up

to life-endangering injuries.

This symbol stands for a direct hazard to the life and health of
persons due to electrical voltage.

Non-observance of these symbols causes serious health problems up

to life-endangering injuries.

This symbol stands for a potential hazard to the life and health of
persons.

Non-observance of these symbols can cause serious health problems

up to life-endangering injuries.

This symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation.

Non-observance of these notes can cause minor injuries or damage to

property.

This symbol indicates important information.

14 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Safety

3.3 Responsibility of the Operator

The operator is responsible to authorise only qualified personnel to
work on the machine (see chapter 3.4 "Operating Personnel").
The areas of responsibility of the personnel concerning the operation,
maintenance, and care of the unit must be clearly defined.
The safety-conscious work of the personnel in compliance with the
operating manual and the relevant EC and national health and safety
regulations as well as with the accident prevention regulations must
be checked at regular intervals (e.g. every month).
Under the international rules for health and safety at work, the
operator is obliged to:
take measures in order to prevent all danger to life or health
during work.
ensure that centrifuges are operated properly and entirely as
intended (see chapter 1.2 "Intended Use", page 9 of this
Operating Manual).
take measures for the safe opening of centrifuges.

3.4 Operating Personnel

Persons operating the unit must
be familiar with the fundamental regulations concerning
workplace safety and accident prevention
have read and understood this operating manual (and in
particular the safety sections and warning notes) and confirmed
this with their signature.

3.5 Informal Safety Instructions

This operating manual is part of the product.
The operating manual must be kept at the location of use of the
centrifuge. Ensure that it is accessible at all times.
The operating manual must be handed over to any subsequent
owner or operator of the centrifuge.
Any changes made must be added to the operating manual.
In addition to the operating manual, the general and local rules
and regulations concerning the prevention of accidents and the
protection of the environment must also be supplied.
Safety and danger indications on the centrifuge must be kept
readable at all times. If necessary, they must be replaced.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 15

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Safety

3.6 Safety Instructions

3.6.1 Electrical Safety
To reduce the risk of electrical shock, the centrifuge uses a three-wire
electrical cord and plug to connect the equipment to earth-ground. To
preserve this safety feature:
Make sure the the wall socket is properly wired and earth-
grounded.
Check that the mains voltage agrees with the nominal voltage
listed on the name plate.
Do not place vessels containing liquid on the centrifuge lid or
within the safety distance of 30 cm around the centrifuge. Spilled
liquids my get into the centrifuge and damage electrical or
mechanical components.
Work on the power supply system must only be performed by
certified electricians.
Inspect the electrical equipment of the unit regularly. Defects
such as loose or burnt cables must be eliminated immediately.

3.6.2 Mechanical Safety

For safe operation of the centrifuge, observe the following:
Do not open the lid when the rotor is in motion!
Do not reach into the rotor chamber when the rotor is in motion!
Do not use the centrifuge if it was installed incorrectly.
Do not use the centrifuge without panels.
Do not use the centrifuge if the rotors and inserts show signs of
corrosion or other defects.
Only use the centrifuge with rotors and accessories that have
been approved by the manufacturer. In case of doubt contact
the manufacturer (see chapter 7.3 "Service Contact").
Do not hold your fingers between the lid and the housing when
closing the lid. Risk of crushing!
Defective lid relieving devices could cause the centrifuge lid to
fall (contact service, if necessary). Risk of crushing!
Do not hit or move the centrifuge during its operation.
Do not lean against or rest on the centrifuge during its operation.
Do not spin any substances that could damage the material of
the rotors and buckets of the centrifuge in any way. Highly
corrosive substances, for example, damage the material and
affect the mechanical strength of the rotors and buckets.
Stop the centrifuge immediately in the event of a malfunction
(see chapter 7 "Malfunctions and Error Correction") or contact
the service of SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH (see 7.3 "Service
Contact").
Ensure that all repairs are performed only by authorized and
specialized personnel (see 7.3 "Service Contact").

16 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Safety

Prior to any start-up, check the centrifuge, rotor, and

accessories for signs of damage that can be discerned from the
outside. Special attention must be paid to all of the rubber parts
(e.g. motor cover, lid seal, adapter) in terms of visible structural
changes. Defective parts must be replaced immediately.
Open the centrifuge when it is not in use so moisture can
evaporate.

3.6.3 Safety Instructions for robot-controlled Centrifuges

The centrifuge 4-16 KR is designed to be loaded by a robot system
and is usually remote-controlled via PC. For safe handling of the
centrifuge, the following safety instructions must be observed:
The centrifuge must be equipped with light barriers or secured
doors to prevent unauthorized access during centrifugation.
Do not reach into the rotor chamber through the open slide
cover when the centrifuge is connected to the mains power. This
can lead to considerable physical damages!

3.6.4 Fire Prevention

Always use fuses with the same type and rating specified.
Do not spin explosive or inflammable substances .
Do not use the centrifuge within hazardous locations.

3.6.5 Chemical and Biological Safety

If pathogenic, toxic, or radioactive samples are intended to be used in
the centrifuge, it is in the responsibility of the user to ensure that all
necessary safety regulations, guidelines, precautions, and practices
are adhered to accordingly.
Spin infectious material in sealed rotors and buckets only in order
to prevent the material from leaking into the centrifuge.
Infectious, toxic, pathogenic, and radioactive substances must be
centrifuged in certified rotors and vessels. Take suitable
precautions for your own safety if there is a risk of toxic,
radioactive, or pathogenic contamination.
Materials that chemically react with each other with a high level
of energy are prohibited.

Keep informed about local measures to avoid harmful emissions

(depending on the substances to be centrifuged).
Protective clothing is not required for the operation of the
centrifuge. The materials to be centrifuged may, however, require
special safety measures (e.g. centrifugation of infectious, toxic,
radioactive, or pathogenic substances).

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 17

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Safety

3.6.6 Safety Instructions for Centrifugation

For safe operation, observe the following before starting the
centrifuge:
Ensure that the centrifuge was set up properly (see chapter 5
"Set-up and Connection“).
Maintain a safety distance of at least 30 cm (12 inches) around
the centrifuge.
Do not store any dangerous goods in the safety area of the
centrifuge.
Do not stay in the safety area longer than what is absolutely
necessary for the operation of the centrifuge.
Only use the centrifuge with rotors and accessories that have
been approved by the manufacturer. We explicitly warn against
the use of equipment of poor quality. Breaking glass or bursting
vessels can cause dangerous imbalances at high speeds.
Ensure that rotor and buckets are correctly fitted (see 6.1.3
"Installation of Rotors and Accessories“).
Observe the instructions on the installation of accessories (see
[Link]).
The rotor must be loaded symmetrically at equal weights.
If liquids with a density > 1.2 g/cm3 are used, reduce the speed
(see 11.3.2 "Density").
Do not use the centrifuge if the rotor is loaded asymmetrically.
Do not use the centrifuge with tubes that are excessively long.

3.6.7 Resistance of Plastics

Chemical influences have a strong effect on the polymeric chains of
plastics, and therefore, on their physical properties. Plastic parts can
be damaged if solvents, acids, or alkaline solutions are used.

Refer to the resistance data (see chapter 11)!

3.6.8 Service Life of Rotors and Accessories

The rotors and accessories have a limited service life.
Perform regular checks (at least once per month) for safety
reasons!
Pay special attention to changes, such as corrosion, cracks,
material abrasion etc.
After 10 years, they must be inspected by the manufacturer.
After 50,000 cycles, the rotor must be scrapped for reasons of
safety.
If other data concerning the service life are engraved on the rotor
or bucket, these data shall apply accordingly. For example, a
18 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012
Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Safety

bucket with the engraving “max cycles = 10,000” has a service

life of 10,000 cycles, and a rotor with the engraving “[Link]
02/15” must be scrapped in Feburary 2015 at the latest (see fig.
3.1)!

Fig. 3.1: Different service life – engraving on the bucket/rotor

Refer to the table of rotors and accessories with a different

service life ( see chapter Fehler! Verweisquelle konnte nicht
gefunden werden. “Appendix”)

3.7 Safety Devices

3.7.1 Lid Lock Device

The centrifuge can only be started when the lid is properly closed.
The electrical lock must be locked. The lid can only be opened when
the rotor has stopped. If the lid is opened by way of the emergency
release system during operation, the centrifuge will immediately
switch off and decelerate brakeless. If the lid is open, the drive is
completely separated from the mains power supply, i.e. the centrifuge
cannot be started (see 7.1.1 "Emergency Lid Release").

3.7.2 Standstill Monitoring

Opening of the centrifuge lid is only possible if the rotor is at a
standstill. This standstill is checked by the microprocessor.

3.7.3 System Check

An internal system check monitors the data transfer and sensor
signals with regard to plausibility. Errors are detected with extreme
sensitivity and displayed as error messages in a dialog box (see 7.2
"Error Codes").

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 19

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Safety

3.7.4 Ground Wire Check

For the ground wire check, there is an equipotential bonding screw on
the rear panel of the centrifuge. A ground wire check can be carried
out by authorized and specialized personnel using a suitable
measuring instrument. Please contact the head of our service team
(see 7.3 "Service Contact").

3.7.5 Imbalance Monitoring System

The "Imbalance" display may light up or emit a sound signal (see
6.2.6 “Activating/Deactivating the Sound Signal”) in order to indicate
that the centrifuge is in the inadmissible imbalance range. If the rotor
is loaded unevenly, the drive will be switched off in the acceleration
phase or during the run. The message "Imbalance" and the error
number 46 for "Imbalance“ will then flash on the display. The lid
opens automatically after the rotor has come to a standstill. In both
cases, loading has to be checked and balanced.

3.8 Measures in the Event of Hazards and Accidents

If an emergency arises, switch off the centrifuge immediately!

If in doubt, call the emergency doctor!

3.9 Remaining Hazards

The unit was built state-of-the-art and according to the accepted
safety rules. Danger to life and limb of the operator, or of third parties,
or impairments of the unit or other material assets cannot be
completely excluded when the unit is being used.

Use the unit

only for the purpose that it was originally intended for (see 1.2)
and
only if it is in a perfect running state.
Immediately eliminate any problems that can affect safety.

20 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Storage and Transport

4 Storage and Transport

4.1 Dimensions and Weight

Height: 426 mm

Width: 670 mm

Depth: 650 mm

Weight: 134 kg
Fig. 4.1: Dimensions and weight

4.2 Storage Conditions

The centrifuge can be stored for up to a year without any problems.
Store the centrifuge only in dry rooms.
The storage temperature must be above –20°C.
If you would like to store it for more than one year, or if you
intend to ship it overseas, please contact the manufacturer.

4.3 Notes on Transport

Install the transport safety device (plastic screws on the bottom
side of the centrifuge, see 5.2).
Always lift the centrifuge with a lifting device.
When lifting the centrifuge, always reach under the centrifuge
from the side.

The centrifuge weighs approx. 134 kg!

For transport use a suitable packaging, and if at all possible, the

original packaging (see 5.1 accordingly).

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 21

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Set-up and Connection

5 Set-up and Connection

5.1 Unpacking the Centrifuge
The centrifuge is packaged in a wooden crate.
After taking off the lid, remove the side panels.
Remove the packaging material.
Lift the centrifuge upwards with a lifting device to lift it safely.
When lifting the centrifuge, always reach under the centrifuge
from the side.

The centrifuge weighs approx. 134 kg!

Retain the packaging for any possible future transport of the

centrifuge.

5.2 Transport Safety Device

The transport safety device consists of two plastic screws which are
located at the bottom panel.

The transport safety device must be removed prior to start-up because

the screws lock the motor bearings!

Removal:
Lift the centrifuge upwards at the front side. Always reach under
from the side.
Put a suitable object, e.g. a wooden block, between table and
centrifuge. A coloured plastic screw can now be seen at the
bottom panel.
Unscrew the screws by hand anti-clockwise.
Retain the transport safety device for the possibility of the return
of the centrifuge.

22 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Set-up and Connection

5.3 Installation Site

Operate the centrifuge only in closed and dry rooms.
All the energy supplied to the centrifuge is converted into heat and
emitted to ambient air.
Ensure sufficient ventilation.
Keep a safety distance of at least 30 cm around the centrifuge so
that the vents in the centrifuge remain fully effective.
Do not position the centrifuge near heat generators.
Avoid direct sunlight (UV radiation).
The table must be stable and have a solid, even surface.
Attention: During transport from cold to warmer places,
condensational water will collect inside the centrifuge. It is
important to allow sufficient time for drying (min. 24 h) before the
centrifuge can be used again.

5.4 Power Supply

5.4.1 Connection

The operating voltage on the name plate must correspond to the local
supply voltage!

SIGMA laboratory centrifuges are units of safety class I and

have a three-wire power cord with a IEC C13 connector. They are
equipped with temperature fuses.
Switch the unit off by actuating the mains power switch.
If they have tripped, let the fuses cool down for approximately 2
minutes.
Switch the unit on. The fuses are reactivated.

5.4.2 Fuses
Typically, the centrifuges must be protected on-site with 16 Amp L or
B fuses.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 23

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

6 Using the Centrifuge

6.1 Initial Start-Up

Before the initial start-up, please ensure that your centrifuge is

properly set up and installed (see chapter 5 "Set-up and
Connection").

6.1.1 Switching the Centrifuge ON

Press the mains power switch on the right side of the front (see
Fig. 2.1, page 11).
The centrifuge display then illuminates. The centrifuge is ready for
operation.

6.1.2 Opening and Closing the Lid

The lid can be opened if the centrifuge is at a standstill and if the lid
key is illuminated.
Press the lid key in order to open the lid.
The centrifuge cannot be started if the lid is opened.
To close, press with both hands slightly on the lid until the
electrical locks are locked.

Do not hold your fingers between the lid and the housing when
closing the lid. Risk of crushing!

A flashing lid key indicates that the lid lock has not locked.

6.1.3 Installation of Rotors and Accessories

[Link] Installation of the Rotor
Open the centrifuge lid by pressing the lid key.
Unscrew the rotor tie-down screw from the motor shaft (counter-
clockwise).
Lower the rotor with its central bore straight down onto the motor
shaft.
Tighten the rotor tie-down screw clockwise with the supplied rotor
wrench with 10 Nm. In doing so, hold the rotor at its outer rim.
After frequent use, the rotor tie-down screw must be loosened by
some turns, the rotor has to be lifted and fastened again. This must be
done once a day or after 20 cycles. This ensures a proper connection
between the rotor and the motor shaft.

24 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

When using rotors for microtiter plate formats: Ensure that the plate
holders are inserted together with the plates into the bucket.

Follow the safety instructions and hazard warnings in chapter 3!

[Link] Installation of Accessories

Only use inserts that are suitable for the rotor (see 11.1 "Suitable
Accessories").
All four buckets of the swing-out rotor need to be installed when
spinning.
Always load the opposite inserts/buckets of the rotors with the
same accessories and fill to avoid imbalance.

Centrifugation with different tube sizes:

Working with different tube sizes is possible. In this case, however, it
is very important that opposite inserts are identical (see Fig. 6.2).

Centrifugation with low capacity: The tubes must be installed

symmetrically so that the buckets and their inserts are loaded evenly
(see Fig. 6.3).

Fig. 6.2:
Permissible loading of the swing-out
rotor with different tube sizes

Fig. 6.3:
Permissible loading of the
swing-out rotor

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 25

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

[Link] Adapters
In order to ensure easy handling, even if vessels of various sizes are
used, carrier systems were developed.
Load the opposite carriers with the same number of vessels and
with the same weights in order to avoid imbalance.
If all of the compartments of a carrier are not used, the buckets
must be loaded evenly. Loading the edges of a bucket only is not
permissible.

[Link] Tubes
Load the tubes outside of the centrifuge. Liquids in the buckets or
multiple carriers cause corrosion .
Fill the tubes carefully and arrange them according to their
weight. Imbalances result in the excessive wear of the bearings.
In high-speed angle rotors, the tubes must be filled up to their
useful volume (= the volume that is stated for the tube). If the
vessels are only partially filled, they will deform. This may result
in leaks at the seals that may become loose.
When using glass tubes, the maximum value of 4,000 x g must
not be exceeded (except special high-strengh glass tubes;
please refer to the information provided by the manufacturer).
Observe the instructions on safety and hazards in chapter 3!

26 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

6.2 Spincontrol Universal – Manual Operation

Although the centrifuge is designed for robot-controlled operation,
manual operating is possible. The funcitons are described in detail in
the following chapters.

6.2.1 Operating Panel

2
1 Start key
2 Centrifuge display 1
(see
3
3 Lid key
4 Stop key 4
5 Function keys

Fig. 6.4: Operating panel

The centrifuge is started directly via the operating panel. When the
centrifuge is switched on, all of the operating keys and displays will
be illuminated for a short time. It is now ready for operation.

6.2.2 Centrifuge Display

The centrifuge display has the following display fields:

6 "Lock" symbol for lockdown

6 11
7 Time field
8 Speed field 7
9 RCF field
10 Field for rotor selection, 10
imbalance indication, run
mode, and program 8 9
selection
11 Temperature field
Fig. 6.5: Display Spincontrol Universal

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 27

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

6.2.3 Manual Mode

[Link] Starting the Centrifuge
The centrifuge is ready for operation when the start key is illuminated.
Press the start key in order to start a centrifugation run.

[Link] Interrupting a Centrifugation Run

Press the stop key in order to interrupt a centrifugation run. The
centrifugation run will be terminated prematurely.

[Link] Interrupting a Deceleration Process

Press the start key during a deceleration process in order to
interrupt it and to restart the centrifuge.

[Link] Softstart and Softstop Function

The softstart function is used to extend the acceleration time,
whereas the softstop function is used to extend the deceleration time.
The current combination is shown on the display. The stop key can
be used to cyclically select various combinations:
Activating the softstart function
Activating the softstart function and the softstop function
Activating the softstop function alone
Activating the softstart function and the no brake deceleration.
The “soft stop” display flashes when the no brake deceleration is
active.
Activating the “no brake deceleration” function alone (the “soft
stop” display flashes)
Return to the standard operating mode

[Link] Runtime
The runtime of the centrifuge can be set at different intervals in a
range from 10 seconds to 11 hours and 59 minutes.

To select the desired centrifugation time:

Turn the left function key until “set” appears in the lower left area
of the display (Fig 6.6).
Select the option by pressing or turning the right function key.
“Set” will now flash.
Turn the right function key until the desired duration is displayed.
After 11:59 min, the display changes from “min:sec“ to “hrs:min“.
The time can then be changed in steps of 10 minutes.

28 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

Press the right function key in order to confirm the input. If this is
not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last setting.
It is also possible to change the runtime during the centrifugation run.

If the centrifugation time is changed during the run, the centrifuge will
run for the entire new time and will disregard the previous runtime that
has already elapsed.

Abb. 6.6: Setting the time

Changing the time increments

The runtime can be selected in steps of 1 second (instead of in steps
of 10 seconds in the min:sec mode) or in steps of 1 minute (instead of
in steps of 10 minutes in the hrs:min mode):
Keep the stop key pressed while setting the desired runtime with
the right function key.

Short Run
During the short run, the centrifuge accelerates at maximum power
until the maximum permissible speed of the rotor is reached. A short
run can only be started when the centrifuge is at a standstill.
Keep the start key pressed during the short run.
The message “short run” is displayed in the time display and the
duration of the short run is also displayed (Fig. 6.7). When the start
key is released, the centrifuge decelerates at maximum brake to a
standstill. The start key is illuminated.
After the short run, the set parameters are displayed again.

Fig. 6.7:
Short run display

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 29

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

Continuous Run
During the continuous run, the runtime of the centrifuge is unlimited
and must be stopped manually. The centrifuge accelerates during the
continuous run until the set speed is reached.
Starting with the time setting 0:10, turn the knob counter-
clockwise
or starting with the time setting 11:59, turn the knob clockwise to
the next setting. The message “cont” and the symbol " " will be
displayed (Fig. 6.8).

Fig. 6.8:
Continuous run display

[Link] Speed
In the upper section of the field, the set speed of the centrifuge is
displayed. The actual speed is displayed below this value. The values
are stated in revolutions per minute (rpm) and depend on the RCF
values (see 11.3 " Formulae – Mathematical Relations "). The
maximum speed values depend on the rotor that is used. When the
maximum permissible speed of the rotor is reached, the “max” display
lights up.
To preselect a speed value:
Turn the left function key until “set” appears in front of the
parameter “Speed” on the display (Fig. 6.9).
Select the option by pressing or turning the right function key.
“Set” will now flash.
Turn the right function key until the desired value is displayed.
Press the right function key to confirm the selected value. If this
is not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last
setting.
It is possible to change the speed value during the centrifugation run.

Fig. 6.9:
Setting the speed

Changing the Speed Increments

In order to change the speed in steps of 1 rpm (instead of in steps of
100 rpm):
Keep the stop key pressed while setting the desired speed with
the right function key.

30 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

[Link] Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF)

The relative centrifugal force (RCF) is the acceleration, to which the
sample is subjected. The set value of this parameter is displayed in
the upper section of this field, with the actual value shown below. The
values are stated in g (gravitational acceleration) and depend on the
speed value (see 11.3 "Formulae – mathematical relation"). The
maximum RCF values depend on the rotor that is used. When the
maximum permissible RCF value of the rotor is reached, the "max"
display lights up.
To preselect the RCF value:
Turn the left function key until “set” appears in front of the
parameter “rcf” on the display (Fig. 6.10).
Select the option by pressing or turning the right function key.
"Set" will now flash.
Turn the right function key until the desired value is displayed.
Press the right function key to confirm the selected value. If this
is not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last
setting.
It is also possible to change the RCF value during a centrifugation
run.

Fig. 6.10:
Setting the rcf value

Changing the RCF Increments

In order to change the RCF value in steps of 1 x g (instead of in steps
of 10 x g):
Keep the stop key pressed while setting the desired RCF value
with the right function key.

[Link] Temperature
Temperatures between -10 °C and + 40 °C can be preselected.
The temperatures that can be reached depend on the rotor type,
speed, and ambient temperature.
In the centrifuges without an active heater, the temperatures above
room temperature depend on the air friction of the turning rotor.
To preselect the temperature (in steps of 1 °C):
Turn the left function key until “set” appears in the display field in
front of the parameter "Temp" (Fig. 6.11).
Select the option by pressing or turning the right function key.
"Set" will now flash.
Turn the right function key until the desired value is displayed.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 31

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

Press the right function key to confirm the selected value. If this
is not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last
setting.

Fig. 6.11:
Temperature preselection

The temperature scale shows the actual temperature in the rotor

chamber. f the selected temperature (= set temperature) is below the
actual temperature, the set temperature will be represented by a
flashing bar on the temperature scale (Fig. 6.12).

Fig. 6.12:
Set temperature below
actual temperature

If the set temperature is above the actual temperature, it will be

represented by one single bar on the temperature scale (Fig. 6.13).

Fig. 6.13:
Set temperature above
actual temperature

If the set temperature and the actual temperature are identical, the
line of bars of the scale will be shown completely.

Precooling
Depending on the substances to be centrifuged, it may make sense
to precool the centrifuge. The precooling prevents the cooled samples
in the uncooled centrifuge from heating up to an inadmissible
temperature.
Unmoved air in the rotor chamber distorts the measuring and control
behavior and causes the compressor to freeze overs. At
temperatures below 0°C, aqueous liquids will freeze, making
sedimentation impossible.
Ensure that the rotor temperature will not fall below 0 °C if it is at
a standstill!

32 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

Rapid cooling program "RAPID TEMP"

Precooling at a standstill may distort the measurement results and
subsequently cause increased wear of the mechanical components.
This is why the centrifuge has a special program that precools the
centrifuge rapidly under defined conditions:
Turn the left function key until “run” appears in the display field
(Fig. 6.14).
Select the option by pressing or turning the right function key.
"Run" will now flash.
Turn the right function key until "PrC" is displayed.
Press the right function key to confirm the selected value. I The
display shows 1/3 of the maximum rotor speed and the
corresponding RCF value. The message “cont” for contiuous run
and the symbol " " will be displayed in the time field.
Start the centrifuge by pressing the start key.

Fig. 6.14:
Rapid cooling program
"RAPID_TEMP"

The program will only be loaded if the actual temperature is above

the set temperature.

The temperature value indicates the air temperature in the rotor

chamber. The rotor – depending on its type – will reach this
temperature only after a corresponding precooling time

The program runs until the set value is reached. Then, a sound signal
is issued, and the standstill colling is activated. The program that was
set beforehand will be reloaded.
Press the stop key to determinate the rapid cooling program
prematurely.

An entry will interrupt the rapid cooling program. There will be no

message when the set temperature is reached. If no new runtime is
entered, the centrifuge will continue to run infinitely (continuous run).

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 33

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

[Link] Rotor selection

The inserted rotor mus be selected manually when the centrifuge is at
a standstil.
Rotor selection:
Turn the left function key until “set” appears in the display field in
front of the parameter "Rotor" (Fig. 6.15).
Select the option by pressing or turning the right function key.
"Set" will now flash.
Turn the right function key until the desired rotor number is
displayed.
Press the right function key to confirm the selected value. If this
is not done, the value will be automatically reset to the last
setting.

Fig. 6.15:
Rotor selection

6.2.4 Program Mode

The program is used to save or load certain recurrent settings of the
centrifuge. 50 different programs can be saved and called up. This is
only possible at a standstill.

Attention: Temperature profiles cannot be created!

With a program, certain sedimentation results can be repeated under

identical conditions.
A maximum of 50 programs can be stored under the numbers 1 - 50.
The rapid cooling program "RAPID_TEMP" does not occupy any
storage location and cannot be deleted. It is used to cool the
centrifuge without vessels.

[Link] Saving the Current Settings

Turn the left function key until “save” appears on the display
(Fig. 6.16).
Select the option by pressing the right function key. “Save” will
now flash.
Turn the right function key until the desired program number is
displayed. Empty storage location numbers flash.
Press the right function key to confirm the input.

34 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

The settings are now saved under this program number (program
number 08 in the example).

Fig. 6.16:
Saving the current
settings

[Link] Calling Up Stored Programs

Turn the left function key until “run” appears on the display
(Fig. 6.17).
Select the option by pressing the right rotary cursor. “Run” will
now flash.
Turn the right function key until the desired program number is
displayed.
Press the right function key to confirm the input.
The saved program settings will be adopted.

Fig. 6.17:
Calling up a stored
program; here program
number 08

6.2.5 Lockdown
This function locks the parameters against all inadvertent changes.
Turn the left function key until a padlock symbol is displayed in
the upper left corner of the display (Fig. 6.18).
As long as the padlock symbol is displayed, the parameters cannot
be changed.

[Link] Permanent Lockdown

The parameter settings can also be locked with the help of the start
key when the lid is open:
Press the start key three times and on the third time hold it down
for approx. two seconds.
After the activation of the function, the padlock symbol will flash
(Fig. 6.18). Now the centrifuge can be started and stopped, but the
settings cannot be changed.
Proceed in the same way in order to deactivate the function.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 35

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Using the Centrifuge

The current status remains active even if the centrifuge is switched off
with the help of the mains power switch.

fig. 6.18:
Padlock symbol

6.2.6 Activating/Deactivating the Sound Signal

If this function is active, a sound signal can be heard at the end of the
operation as well as in the event of an error message or imbalance.
Press the lid key five times and on the fifth time hold it down for
approx. two seconds.
Proceed in the same way in order to deactivate the function.
After every change, the current status of the setting is displayed in the
form of a message running in the display ("Buzzer on" or "off").

36 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

6.3 Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

In addition to manual operation, the centrifuge is also suitable for
being loaded by a robot. A separate computer is used for the control.

6.3.1 Connection
The back of the centrifuge is equipped with a serial interface for
connecting a computer.
Plug the connecting cable into the intended port on the back of
the centrifuge (see 2.1 "Overview ").
The centrifuge can now be controlled via the computer.

If the centrifuge is controlled via the computer, the display can only be
used for display purposes. Only the stop key is active at all times and
can be used to switch the centrifuge off in an emergency situation.

6.3.2 Input
The centrifuge can be controlled with several input commands. The
input commands are divided into several categories:
Check commands; these commands trigger an immediate action
Change of input values
Display of current process values
Display of current input values
Change of parameters
Display of parameters
Indication of the centrifuge status
A complete list of these commands and several examples can be
found in chapter 6.3.3 "Serial Control Interface".

6.3.3 Serial Control Interface

[Link] Introduction
This document describes the hardware specification and software
protocol to communicate with a serial RS232 connection to a sigma
centrifuge with Spincontrol electronics.
The serial interface offers the possibility of firmware updates (by
service technician), control and monitoring of centrifuge parameters
and also the readout of service data like error list and cycles.
The communication data is ASCII coded for easy access with
standard terminal software, e.g. “zoc” ([Link]
which offers an easy way to monitor and log the centrifuge process
parameters.
The Spincontrol serial protocol is syntax compatible to the older Zent2
protocol used in Sigma robot centrifuges. In contrast to the Zent2
protocol the character echo is not enabled by default.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 37

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

[Link] General specifications

Interface standard: RS232

Baud rate: 9600
Parity: No
Data bits: 8
Stopbits: 1
Data format: ASCII
The serial communication works without hardware- or XON/XOFF
software handshake.

[Link] Communication protocol

User commands consist of an ASCII-coded command string and - if
needed - a parameter separated by a space. The command parser
works non case sensitive.
The character received won't be echoed by the centrifuge processor
normally. You can tell the centrifuge to echo each character by
sending the “echoon” command. The user command and the return
string of the centrifuge will always be terminated with the characters
‘0x0A’ and ‘0x0D’ (CR and LF).
The command “cmderror” can be used to ensure the correct
execution of the last command.

User commands
The following categories of user commands are available:
control commands
commands to change setpoints (OUT_SP_n y)
commands to request setpoints (IN_SP_n)
commands to request process values (IN_PV_n)
commands to change parameters (OUT_PAR_n y)
commands to request parameters (OUT_PAR_n)
other commands

38 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

Control commands
These commands cause an immediate action.
start starts the centrifuge with the set values
stop stops the centrifuge with the preadjusted deceleration
fstop stops the centrifuge with the maximum deceleration
door opens the door (only possible when the rotor is
stationary)
reset resets the centrifuge. This command has the same
effect as power-on
reseterr resests an error or warning message

Commands to change the setpoints

setspeed or OUT_SP_1 sets the speed
settemp or OUT_SP_2 sets the temperature
settime or OUT_SP_3 sets the runtime

Commands to request process values

speed or IN_PV_1 requests the actual rotor speed
temp or IN_PV_2 requests the actual temperature
time or IN_PV_3 requests the remaining time

Commands to request setpoints

getsetspeed or IN_SP_1 requests the set rotor speed
getsettemp or IN_SP_2 requests the set temperature
getsettime or IN_SP_3 requests the set time

Commands to change parameters

setaccel or OUT_PAR_1 sets the acceleration
setdecel or OUT_PAR_2 sets the deceleration
For Spincontrol comfort and Spincontrol professional, the parameter
of these commands is the curve nr to be used for acceleration or
decelaration. For Spincontrol universal, Spincontrol easy and
Spincontrol basic, a "0" sets the soft mode and a "1" sets the normal
mode. For "setdecel" there is also the parameter "-1" which sets the
free spinout mode.

Commands to read parameters

getaccel or IN_PAR_1 requests the acceleration
getdecel or IN_PAR_2 requests the deceleration

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 39

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

Commands to request the status

status requests the status of the centrifuge. The value is
displayed decimal.

Value Normal centrifuge or with Centrifuge with hatch in the lid

motor driven lid
0 Rotor is spinning or door is Rotor is spinning and the centrifuge
opening / closing. is not in positioning mode
1 Rotor is stationary: the - Rotor is stationary or
door can be opened - during positioning (not locked)
and/or hatch is not open. The hatch
can be opened and the rotor is
ready for positioning
2 The door is opened The hatch is open and the rotor is
locked.
Ready for loading or unloading.
3 An error has occurred An error has occurred

status1 advanced status of the centrifuge. The value is

displayed hexadecimal.

Bit Status Normal centrifuge or with Centrifuge with hatch in the

motor driven lid lid
1..0 00 Door is opening/closing Hatch is opening/closing or
undefined or lid is open
01 Door is open Hatch is open
10 Door is close Hatch is close
11 Not used Not used
3..2 00 Wait Wait
01 Door can be opened Hatch can be opened
10 Door can be closed Hatch can be closed
11 Not used Hatch can be opened or
closed
4 0 No imbalance No imbalance
1 Centrifuge shut down with Centrifuge shut down with
imbalance imbalance
5 0 Rotor is stopped Rotor is stopped
1 Rotor is spinning Rotor is spinning
6 0 No error No error
1 Centrifuge shut down with Centrifuge shut down with an
an error error

status2 advanced status of the centrifuge. The value is

displayed hexadecimal.

Bit Status Normal centrifuge or with motor Centrifuge with hatch in

driven lid the lid
0 1 Not implemented Lid is closed

40 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

Other commands
curr Displays all current parameters tabularly: speed, temp,
status, status1.
The optional parameter “/tn” outputs the data
continously where ‘n’ defines the repeat rate in seconds.
Entering a ‘.’ stops monitoring. The parameters are
separated by ‘\t’

Example with 5 seconds repeat rate:

curr /t5
speed temp status status1
3017 22 0 0020
3009 22 0 0020
3005 22 0 0020
3003 22 0 0020
3002 22 0 0020

cmderror displays the error status of the last command.

The centrifuge returns '1' if no error occurred.
syserror displays the error status of the centrifuge.
The centrifuge returns '0', if no error occurred
geterr the same as “syserror” (for compatibility with Zent2)
info displays software version and other service information
like this (8K):

Info
Centrifuge name: 8K
Part No.: 10855, Version: 001
Device Name: Zent5 Controlboard
Part No.: 70926, Version 001
Software Part No.: 26490 – Software Version: 009
CompilationDate: Mar 27 2007 ([Link])
TotalCycles: 70
TempOffset: -8
ImbalOffset: -1
SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH Osterode
[Link]
Err Para Code Timestamp
02 10 125 0
15 10 124 0
12 10 100 0
12 8 55 0
02 8 40 0

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 41

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

or this (6-16K):

info
Cent: 6-16KR
PN: 90583
Dev: Z4P Controlboard
PN: 71111
Ver: 001
SW PN: 97116
SW Ver: 016
comp: Mar 16 2010 ([Link])

The exact output format of this command may vary between different
centrifuge types.

echoon This command activates the character echo. Every

character will be echoed and the following messages
are send as an acknowledge for every single command:

Return Message Description

Ok Command successful
CNF Command not found
NEA Not enough arguments (e.g. set speed value missing)
ERR Command not possible
WD Watchdog reset occured

echooff This command de-activates the character echo.

getcurve This command returns the data of a free programmable
curve. With the parameter n you can choose the curve
between 20 and 29:

getcurve 22
CurveNr: 20
Interval 1: Time: 130 Speed: 100 LIN
Interval 2: Time: 60 Speed: 148
Interval 3: Time: 60 Speed: 194
Interval 4: Time: 60 Speed: 257
Interval 5: Time: 60 Speed: 327
Interval 6: Time: 60 Speed: 526
Interval 7: Time: 60 Speed: 800
Interval 8: Time: 60 Speed: 1000
Interval 9: Time: 600 Speed: 100
Interval 10: Time: 40 Speed: 100
TotalTime: 1160

42 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

This command is only available for Spincontrol comfort, Spincontrol

professional and Spincontrol S.

setcurve This command sets new data for the free

programmable curves. The command is followed by the
parameter:
setcurve [curveNr], [Lin/Quad], [Int1Time], [Int1Speed],
[Int2Time], [Int2Speed],etc.
Notice this command is only possible if no free curve is running!

SIGMA> setcurve 22,0,130,112,60,148,60193,60,256,60326,60,524,60,1010

Ok
SIGMA> getcurve 22
CurveNr: 22
Interval 1: Time: 130 Speed: 112 LIN
Interval 2: Time: 60 Speed: 148
Interval 3: Time: 60 Speed: 193
Interval 4: Time: 60 Speed: 256
Interval 5: Time: 60 Speed: 326
Interval 6: Time: 60 Speed: 524
Interval 7: Time: 60 Speed: 1010
Interval 8: Time: 0 Speed: 0
Interval 9: Time: 0 Speed: 0
Interval 10: Time: 0 Speed: 0
TotalTime: 490
SIGMA>

This command is only available for Spincontrol comfort, Spincontrol

professional and Spincontrol S.

getname Displays name of the centrifuge (given by centrifuge

menu Setup System Name).

This command is only available for Spincontrol comfort, Spincontrol

professional and Spincontrol S.

getlastrun This command triggers output of parameters and

results of last spin in cvs-Format.

This command is only available for Spincontrol S.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 43

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

While there was no spin since the last reset, the centrifuge ID and
string “No data available” will be output, else data will be output as
follows:
Item 1st column 2nd column 3rd column Condition
Centrifuge ID Centrifuge name Always
No name assigned
Name assigned
3rd column is
empty
Status Status of run Always
Terminated Run finished
already
Not started Spin did not start
Still running Still running
Interrupted by Error during run
error xy
Speed was partly Speed error
out of setting detected by run
observation
Stopped by user Stop button
pressed
Not started Spin did not start
OK Run OK
Blank line Always
Start Time Start time of last Always
run
abcd hours, Output depends
ef minutes, on time since start
gh seconds ago
OK Spin did start
Not started Spin did not start
Kind Kind of last run Always
Short run Short run
Normal run Normal run
Not started Spin did not start
OK Always
Total Time Total time Only if started and
finished already
abcd hours, Output depends
ef minutes, on total time
gh seconds
Interrupted Stop button
pressed
OK Run OK

44 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

st nd rd
Item 1 column 2 column 3 column Condition
Run Time Run time Only if normal run
started
Infinite Run time set to
infinite
abcd hours, Output depends
ef minutes, on set run time
gh seconds
Interrupted Stop button
pressed or error
happened
Changed during Parameter was
run changed during
run
Still running Still spinning
OK Run time OK
Run Time from Set Run time from set Used Only if normal run
Speed speed started and Item
was used
Changed during Item was changed
run during run
OK Item OK
Break Time Break time Only if
deceleration time
was displayed on
screen
abcd hours, Output depends
ef minutes, on break time
gh seconds
OK Always
Speed Speed If started
abcde 1/min Depends on set
speed
Speed was partly Speed error
out of setting detected by run
observation
Not Reached Set speed was not
reached
Not reached yet Set speed still not
reached
Changed during Set speed was
run changed during
run
OK Speed OK

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 45

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

st nd rd
Item 1 column 2 column 3 column Condition
RFC RCF If started
abcde *g Depends on set
RCF
Speed was partly Speed error
out of setting detected by run
observation
Not Reached Set RCF was not
reached
Not reached yet Set RCF still not
reached
Changed during Set RCF was
run changed during
run
OK RCF OK
Temp Temperature Only models with
Cooling/Heating if
started
-ab degree Output depends
Fahrenheit / on set temperature
Celsius and set
temperature unit
Not Reached Set temperature
was not reached
Not reached yet Set temperature
still not reached
Changed during Set temperature
run was changed
during run
OK Temperature OK
Rotor Rotor If started
abcde Output depends
on set rotor
OK Always
Bucket Bucket Only if started and
a rotor with bucket
is set
abcde Output depends
on set bucket
OK Always
Acceleration Acceleration If started
Curve 9 (Short Short run
run)
Curve x Normal run, output
depends on set
acceleration curve
Changed during Set acceleration
run curve was
changed during
run
OK Set acceleration
curve unchanged

46 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

st nd rd
Item 1 column 2 column 3 column Condition
Deceleration Brake If started
Curve 9 (Short Short run
run)
Curve 9 (Fast Fast stop
stop)
Curve x Normal run, output
depends on set
deceleration curve
Changed during Set deceleration
run curve was
changed during
run
Still running Still spinning
OK Set deceleration
curve unchanged
Spinout Spinout Only if normal run
started and Item
was used (not fast
stop)
From abcd 1/min Output depends
on set Spin out
speed
Changed during Item was changed
run during run
Still running Still spinning
OK Item OK

The columns are separated by semicolon.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 47

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

Table of User Commands

The following table contains the available user commands.
Command Return
2. name Parameters Unit Format1
name values
start 0 0
stop 0 0
fstop 0 0
door 0 0
reset 0 0
reseterr 0 0
setspeed OUT_SP_1 1 0 rpm UINT
settemp OUT_SP_2 1 0 °C INT
settime OUT_SP_3 1 0 sec. UINT
speed IN_PV_1 0 1 rpm UINT
temp IN_PV_2 0 1 °C INT
time IN_PV_3 0 1 sec. UINT
getsetspeed IN_SP_1 0 1 rpm UINT
getsettemp IN_SP_2 0 1 °C INT
getsettime IN_SP_3 0 1 sec. UINT
setaccel OUT_PAR_1 1 0 acc. curve nr UINT
setdecel OUT_PAR_2 1 0 dec. curve nr UINT
getaccel IN_PAR_1 0 1 acc. curve nr UINT
getdecel IN_PAR_2 0 1 dec. curve nr UINT
status 0 1 cp. 0 UINT
status1 0 1 cp. 0 HEX
rpm,°C,status, UINT,INT,UINT,
curr 0 4
status1 HEX
cmderror 0 1 0..1 UINT
syserror 0 1 errorcode UINT
info 0 - cp. 0
echoon 0 0 cp. 0
echooff 0 0 cp. 0
getcurve 1 cp. 4.9 cp. 4.9 cp. 4.9
setcurve cp. 4.9 cp. 4.9 cp. 4.9 cp. 4.9
getname 0 1 Name String
getlastrun 0 cp. 4.9 cp. 4.9 cp. 4.9

1
UINT =decimal unsigned integer value; INT = decimal signed integer value

48 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

[Link] Examples

All commands have to be sent without quotation marks and brackets!

[CR] and [LF] are ASCII coded control characters (Carriage Return
and Linefeed).

setting the setspeed to 1000 rpm

‘setspeed 1000[CR][LF]’

starting the centrifuge

‘start[CR][LF]’ answer string: ‘1000[CR][LF]’

requesting the actual rotorspeed

‘speed[CR][LF]’ answer string: ‘1000[CR][LF]’

running the centrifuge at 2000 RPM for 2 min,. temperature 5°C

‘setspeed 2000[CR][LF]’
‘settemp 5[CR][LF]’
‘settime 120[CR][LF]’
‘start[CR][LF]’

requesting the actual status of the centrifuge

‘status[CR][LF]’answer string: ‘0[CR][LF]’ (rotor is spinning)
or: ‘1[CR][LF]’ (rotor is stationary)

requesting all actual values of the centrifuge

‘curr[CR][LF]’answer string:‘speed temp status status1[CR][LF]
2000 5 0 0004[CR][LF]’

To request the actual parameters perodically you have to put a ‘/tn’

behind the command. The ‘n’ stands for the repeat rate in seconds.
Entering a ‘.’ stops monitoring.

requesting the actual values of the centrifuge periodically every

5 seconds:
command: ‘curr /t5[CR][LF]’
answer of the centrifuge: ‘speed temp status status1[CR][LF]
2000 5 1 0004[CR][LF]
5 seconds later: 2001 5 1 0004[CR][LF]’
Stop requesting the actual values of the centrifuge periodically:
command: ‘curr /t.[CR][LF]’

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 49

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

Commands for centrifuges with motor driven lid or hatch

close[CR] closes the lid / hatch

Commands for centrifuges with rotor positioning

setpos n[CR] n=0: unlock the rotor
n>0: go to position n
the lid must be close for positioning

If the centrifuge is running, this command stops the run automatically

and the rotor goes to position n. If the centrifuge is equipped with a
hatch in the lid, the hatch opens automatically during positioning.

pos[CR] Outputs the position of the rotor in

positioning mode
run n[CR] Starts the centrifuge with speed n [rpm]

If the centrifuge is equipped with a hatch in the lid, this command

closes the hatch and the centrifuge begins to start the run when the
hatch is closed.

Commands for Rotor Cycle Counter

An additional rotor cycle counter is implemented for free use by the
user. This counter can only be read out by serial interface. The
maximum count value is 4294967295. The value will be set to 0 in
case of overflow.

Commands:
rcycle[CR] Displays the current rotor cycle counter.
bcycle[CR] Displays the current bucket cycle counter.
ONLY Spincontrol L
erasercycle[CR] Resets the rotor cycle counter to “0”.
NOT Spincontrol L

50 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

[Link] Hardware interface (optional accessory)

Pinning of the connector
Pinning of the 9 pin SUB-D (male) connector on the cover of the
centrifuge

PIN 2: TxD (transmit)

PIN 3: RxD (receive)

PIN 5: GND (ground)

PIN 1,4,6,7,8,9: not connected

Typical connection to a PC
Typical connection to a personal computer or a terminal with serial
RS232 interface:

9-pin male socket at PC / terminal:

Standard 1:1 serial cable (9 pin female 9 pin female)
Required: PIN 2 PIN 2 TxD (Cent.) RxD (PC)
PIN 3 PIN 3 RxD (Cent.) TxD (PC)
PIN 5 PIN 5 GND (Cent.) GND (PC)

25-pin male socket at PC / terminal:

Standard 1:1 serial cable (9 pin female 9 pin female)
+ 9-25 way Adaptor, 9 pin male 25 pin female

or

Serial cable (9 pin female 25 pin female):

Pin-Pin Configuration (only boldface printed required):

D Sub 9 : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
D Sub 25 : 8 3 2 20 7 6 4 5 22

Do not use a null modem cable/adapter with crossed RxD/TxD

signals!

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 51

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Use as a robot-controlled Centrifuge

6.3.4 Rotors
Robot-controlled centrifuges require special rotors that are equipped
with magnets on the bottom surface (Fig 6.19). They are necessary in
order to ensure the correct position of the rotor. When the desired
position is reached, the rotor is locked mechanically. The slide cover
in the lid opens during the locking of the rotor either automatically
depending on the input command or separately following another
command.

During loading or unloading, the slide cover can stay open when the
rotor turns to the next position. This accelerates the process.

Fig. 6.19: Magnets on the bottom surface of the rotor

6.4 Switching the Centrifuge OFF

Open the centrifuge when it is not in use so moisture can
evaporate. This prevents the increased wear of the motor
bearings.
Press the mains power switch on the front of the right side.

52 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Malfunctions and Error Correction

7 Malfunctions and Error Correction

7.1 General Malfunctions

Malfunctions are indicated by error messages with a number in the
speed display. If the sound signal is activated, it sounds when the
error message is displayed
Eliminate the source of the problem (see tables in fig. 7.1 and
7.3).
Acknowledge the error messages by pressing the lid key.

Type of error Possible reason Correction

No indication on the display No power in the mains supply Check fuse in the mains supply

Power cord is not plugged in Plug in power cord correctly

Fuses have tripped Reactivate temerature fuse (see

5.4.1 "Connection")

Mains power switch off Switch mains power switch on

Lid is not closed correctly Close lid.

Centrifuge cannot be started: Several Power off/on. If the error occurs

Start key LED is not illuminated again, contact service

Centrifuge cannot be started: The lid lock is not closed Open and close lid. If the error
Lid key LED flashes correctly occurs again, contact service

Centrifuge decelerates during Brief mains power failure Press start key in order to
operation restart the centrifuge

System error Power off/on. If the error occurs

again, contact service

Centrifuge decelerates during - improper loading Balance loading and restart the
operation, "Imbalance" and error - Centrifuge is inclined centrifuge. If the error occurs
46 are displayed - Drive problem again, contact service
- centrifuge was moved
during run

- ungreased load-bearing bolts Clean and grease load-bearing

bolts

Lid cannot be opened Lid lock has not released Unlock the lid manually (see
7.1.1) and contact service

Lid seal sticks Clean the lid seal and apply

talcum powder

Temperature value cannot be Condenser dirty Clean the condenser. If the error
reached occurs again, contact service

Hard running noise during the Screws of the transport safety Remove screws of the transport
centrifugation device are not removed safety device (see 5.2)

Fig. 7.1: Possible error causes

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 53

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Malfunctions and Error Correction

7.1.1 Emergency Lid Release

In the event of a power failure, it is possible to manually open the
centrifuge lid.
Switch off the mains power switch and disconnect the power cord
from the socket.
Remove the plug (1) from the opening on the left side of the
control panel, e.g. with a screwdriver (see fig. 7.2).

Fig. 7.2: Position of the opening for the emergency lid release

Insert the supplied hexagon socket key horizontally into the hole.
The key will be guided through a funnel-shaped tube to the shaft
of the lid lock motor.

Fig. 7.3: The emergency lid release key must be inserted horizontally
(similar to illustration)

Unlock the motorised lid lock with the supplied hexagon socket
key (size 5) by turning it anti-clockwise.
Then, reinsert the plug.

Do not unlock or open the lid unless the rotor is at a standstill.

If the lid is opened via the emergency lid release system during a
centrifuge run, the centrifuge will be switched off immediately and
decelerate in an unbraked manner.

54 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Malfunctions and Error Correction

7.2 Error Codes

Error no. Kind of error Measure Note
1-9 System error allow to slow down All these errors stop the
power off/on centrifuge or cause it to
decelerate brakeless
10-19 Speedometer error allow to slow down
power off/on
20-29 Motor error power off/on
ensure ventilation
30-39 EEPROM error allow to slow down With error 34, 35, 36, the
power off/on centrifuge will stop;
with error 37, 38 error
message only
40-45 Temperature error allow to slow down
(only for refrigerated power off/on
centrifuges)
allow to cool down
provide better ventilation
46-49 Imbalance error allow to slow down
power off
eliminate the imbalance
50-59 Lid error press lid key With error 50 and 51, the
close lid centrifuge will stop
remove foreign matter from the
opening of the lid lock device
60-69 Process error allow to slow down With error 60 message
power off/on "power failure during run",
with error 61, message "stop
after power on"
70-79 Communication error allow to slow down
power off/on
80-89 Parameter error allow to slow down With error 83, error
power off/on message only
provide for better ventilation
90-99 Other errors check connections

Special error codes for robot-controlled centrifuges

Error no. Description Measure Note
90 Overcurrent check if rubber seal is greased If the error occurs again,
([Link] cover) contact the service.
91 Communication error check if com cable is
damaged
92 Rotor not positionable Select a positionable rotor

93 Positioning failed Check lock actor (motor ok?,

greased?, cable?)
Fig. 7.4: Error codes

If it is impossible to eliminate the errors, contact the service (see 7.3)!

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 55

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Malfunctions and Error Correction

7.3 Service Contact

In the event of queries, malfunctions, or spare part enquiries:

from Germany:
use the service request form at
[Link] [Service Area]
or contact

SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH

An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode (Germany)
Tel. +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-8425
Fax +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-9425
E-mail: service@[Link]

outside Germany:
contact our agency in your country. All agencies are listed at
[Link] [Contacts] [Foreign agencies]

If you would like to utilise our service, please state the type of
your centrifuge and its serial number.
Make use of our service request on the Internet. Please use the
request form (see above) on our website.

8 Maintenance and Service

The centrifuge, rotor, and accessories are subject to high mechanical
stress. Thorough maintenance performed by the user extends the
service life and prevents premature failure.

If corrosion or other damage occurs due to improper care, the

manufacturer cannot be held liable or subject to any warranty claims.

Use soap water or other water-soluble, mild cleaning agents with

a pH value between 6 and 8 for cleaning the centrifuge and the
accessories.
Avoid corrosive and aggressive substances.
Do not use solvents.
Do not use agents with abrasive particles.
Do not expose the centrifuge and rotors to intensive UV radiation
or thermal stress (e.g. by heat generators).

56 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Disposal

8.1 Maintenance
8.1.1 Centrifuge
Disconnect the power cord from the wall outlet or instrument
receptacle before cleaning.
Carefully remove all liquids, including water and particularly all the
solvents, acids, and alkaline solutions from the rotor chamber
using a cloth in order to avoid damage to the motor bearings.
If the centrifuge has been contaminated with toxic, radioactive, or
pathogenic substances, clean the rotor chamber immediately with
a suitable decontamination agent (depending on the type of
contamination).

Take suitable precautions for your own safety if there is a risk of

toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic contamination.

Grease the motor shaft slightly after cleaning (Grease for load-
bearing bolts part no. 70284).
Clean the sealing of the slide cover at least once a week and
grease it slightly with silicone grease (part no. 984 780).
Grease all moving parts, e.g. the guard rails of the slide cover or
the locking pin of the rotor, at least once a maonth with
multipurpose oil (Part no. 983 480).

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 57

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Maintenance and Service

8.1.2 Accessories

For the care of the accessories, special safety measures must be

considered as these are measures that will ensure operational safety
at the same time.

Immediately rinse off the rotor, buckets, or accessories under

running water if they have come into contact with any liquids that
may cause corrosion. Use a brush for test tubes to clean the
bores of angle rotors. Turn the rotor upside down and allow it to
dry completely.
Clean the accessories outside the centrifuge once a week or
preferably after each use. Rubber cushions should be removed,
cleaned and dried.
If the rotors or accessories have been contaminated with toxic,
radioactive, or pathogenic substances, clean them immediately
with a suitable decontamination agent (depending on the type of
contamination). Take suitable precautions for your own safety if
there is a risk of toxic, radioactive, or pathogenic contamination.
Dry the accessories with a soft cloth or in a drying chamber at
approx. 50°C.

[Link] Plastic Accessories

The chemical resistance of plastic decreases with rising temperatures
(e.g. during drying, see Resistance Data in chapter 1 "Appendix").
If solvents, acids, or alkaline solutions have been used, clean the
plastic accessories thoroughly.

[Link] Aluminium Accessories

Especially aluminum parts are susceptible to corrosion.
Acid-containing cleaning agents and alkaline cleaning agents
must be avoided.
Grease aluminum parts at least once a week with slushing oil for
protection against corrosion (part no. 70104).
This essentially increases their service life and reduces susceptibility
to corrosion.

8.1.3 Rotors, Buckets and Multiple Carriers

Rotors, buckets, and multiple carriers are produced with highest
precision, in order to withstand the permanent high stress with high
gravitational fields.
Chemical reactions as well as stress-corrosion (combination of
oscillating pressure and chemical reaction) can affect or destroy the
metals. Barely detectable cracks on the surface can expand and
weaken the material without any visible signs.

58 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Disposal

Check the material regularly (at least once a month) for

- cracks
- visible damage of the surface
- pressure marks
- signs of corrosion
- other changes.
Check the bores of the rotors and multiple carriers.
Replace any damaged components immediately for your own
safety.
Grease rotor, lid seal and adapters at least once a week with
slushing oil (part no. 70104).
Grease the rotor tie-down screw after cleaning with grease for
load-bearing bolts (part no. 70284).

8.1.4 Load-bearing Bolts

Only greased load-bearing bolts ensure the even swinging of the
buckets, and therefore, the quiet run of the centrifuge. Non-greased
bolts can lead to a system shut-down due to imbalances.
Apply a small quantity of grease (part no. 70284) to the load-
bearing bolts of the rotor and the buckets after each cleaning.

8.1.5 Glass Breakage

In the case of glass breakage, immediately remove all glass
particles (e.g. with a vacuum cleaner). Replace the rubber
cushions since even thorough cleaning will not remove all glass
particles.

Glass particles will damage the surface coating (e.g. anodizing) of the
buckets, which will then lead to corrosion.
Glass particles in the rubber cushions of the buckets will cause glass
breakage again.
Glass particles on the pivot bearing of the load-bearing bolts prevent
the buckets and carriers from swinging evenly, which will cause an
imbalance.
Glass particles in the rotor chamber will cause metal abrasion due to
the strong air circulation. This metal dust will not only pollute the rotor
chamber, rotor, and materials to be centrifuged but also damage the
surfaces of the accessories, rotors, and rotor chamber.

In order to completely remove the glass particles and the metal dust
from the rotor chamber:
Grease the upper third of the rotor chamber with e.g. Vaseline.
Then, let the rotor rotate for a few minutes at a moderate speed
(approximately. 2,000 rpm). The glass and metal particles will
now collect at the greased part.
Remove the grease with the glass and metal particles with a cloth.
If necessary, repeat this procedure.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 59

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Maintenance and Service

8.1.6 Condenser
In order to cool the refrigerant that is compressed by the refrigeration
unit, a lamellar condenser is used. It is cooled by air.
Dust and dirt obstruct the cooling flow of air. Dust on condenser pipes
and lamellas reduces the heat exchange and thus the performance of
the refrigeration unit. This is why the installation site should be as
clean as possible.
Check the condenser at least once a month for dirt and clean it if
necessary.
If you have any queries, please contact service (see 7.3 "Service
Contact").

8.2 Sterilization and Disinfection of the Rotor Chamber and

Accessories
Use commercially-available disinfectants such as, for example,
Sagrotan , Buraton , or Terralin (available at chemist’s shops or
drugstores).
The centrifuges and the accessories consist of various materials.
A possible incompatibility must be considered.
Before using cleaning or decontamination agents that were not
recommended by us, contact the manufacturer to ensure that
such a procedure will not damage the centrifuge.
For autoclaving, consider the continuous heat resistance of the
individual materials (see 8.2.1 “Autoclaving“).
Please contact us if you have any queries. (see 7.3 "Service
Contact").

If dangerous materials (e.g. infectious and pathogenic substances)

are used, the centrifuge and accessories must be disinfected.

8.2.1. Autoclaving
The service life of the accessories essentially depends on the
frequency of autoclaving and use.
Replace the accessories immediately when the parts show
changes in color or structure or in the occurrence of leaks etc.
During autoclaving, the caps of the tubes must not be screwed on
in order to avoid the deformation of the tubes.
It cannot be excluded that plastic parts, e.g. lids or carriers, may
deform during autoclaving.

60 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Disposal

Accessories max. temp. min. time max. time max.

(°C) cycles
Glass tubes 134-138 3 40 -
Polycarbonate tubes 115-118 30 40 20
Polypropylene copolymer tubes 115-121 30 40 30
Teflon tubes 134-138 3 5 100
Aluminium rotors 134-138 3 20 -
Polycarbonate/Polyallomer lids for angle rotors 115-118 30 40 20
Polysulfone lids for angle rotors 134-138 3 5 100
Aluminium buckets 134-138 3 20 -
Polysulfone caps for buckets 134-138 3 5 100
Rubber adapter 115-118 30 40 -
Round carriers made of polypropylene 115-118 30 40 -
ditto, made of polyallomer and polycarbonate 115-118 30 40 -
Rectangular carriers made of polypropylene 115-118 30 40 -
ditto, made of polyallomer and polycarbonate 115-118 30 40 -
Fig. 8.1: Autoclaving table

8.3 Service
In the event of service work that requires the removal of the panels,
there is a risk of electric shock or mechanical injury. Only qualified
specialist personnel is authorised to perform this service work.

The centrifuge is subject to high mechanical stress. In order to be

able to withstand this high level of stress, high-quality components
were used during the production of the centrifuge. Nevertheless, wear
cannot be excluded and it may not be visible from the outside.
Especially the rubber parts that are – among other things – part of the
motor suspension, are subject to ageing.
This is why we recommend having the centrifuge checked by the
manufacturer during an inspection once per year in the operating
state and once every three years in the dismantled state. Rubber
parts should be replaced after three years or a maximum of 15,000
cycles.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 61

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Maintenance and Service

Information and appointments:

in Germany:
use the service request form at
[Link] [Service Area]
or contact

SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH

An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode (Germany)
Tel. +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-8425
Fax +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-9425
E-mail: service@[Link]

outside Germany:
contact our agency in your country. All agencies are listed at
[Link] [Contacts] [Foreign agencies]

If you would like to utilise our service, please state the type of
your centrifuge and its serial number.
Make use of our service request on the Internet. Please use the
request form (see above) on our website.

8.4 Return of defective parts

Although we exercise great care during the production of our
products, it may be necessary to return a unit or accessory to the
manufacturer.
In order to ensure the quick and economical processing of returns of
centrifuges, spare parts, or accessories, we require complete and
extensive information concerning the process. Please fill in the
following forms completely, sign them, and enclose them with the
return package:

1. Declaration of decontamination
As a certified company and due to the legal regulations for the
protection of our employees and of the environment, we are
obliged to certify the harmlessness of all incoming goods. For this
purpose, we require a declaration of decontamination.
• The form must be filled in completely and signed by authorised
and specialised personnel only.
• Affix the original form in a clearly visible manner to the outside
of the packaging.

If no such declaration is enclosed in the return package, we will

perform the decontamination at your expense!

62 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Disposal

2. Form for the return of defective parts

This form is for the product-related data. They facilitate the
assignment, and they enable the quick processing of the return. If
several parts are returned together in one packaging, please
enclose a separate problem description for every defective part.
• A detailed problem description is necessary in order to
perform the repair quickly and economically.
If the form does not include a description of the malfunction, neither a
refund nor a credit note can be issued. In this case, we reserve the
right to dispose of the parts or to return them to you both at your
expense.

• Please note on the form if you would like to receive a cost

estimate. Cost estimates are only prepared upon request and
against charge. If an order is placed, these charges will be
offset.
The unit must be packaged in a transport-safe manner. Please use
the original packaging, if at all possible.
If the product is dispatched to us in unsuitable packaging, you will be
charged the cost for returning it to you in new packaging.

The forms can be downloaded online from

[Link] [Service Area].

9 Disposal
9.1 Disposal of the Centrifuge
In accordance with the directive 2002/96/EC, SIGMA centrifuges are
marked with the symbol shown to the left. This symbol means that it
is not permissible to dispose of the unit among household trash.
You can return these centrifuges free of cost to SIGMA
Laborzentrifugen GmbH.
Ensure that the unit is decontaminated. Fill in a declaration of
decontamination.
Comply with any other applicable local rules and regulations.

9.2 Disposal of the Packaging

Use the packaging to return the centrifuge for disposal or
Dispose of the packaging, after having separated the individual
materials.
Comply with all local rules and regulations.

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 63

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Technical Data

10 Technical Data
Manufacturer: S I G M A Laborzentrifugen GmbH
An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode (Germany)
Type: 4-16KR
Electr. Connection: see name plate
Protection class: I
IP Code: 20
Connected load (kVA): 3.1
Power consumption (kW): 2.3
Max. current consumption (A): 11 (at 220-240 V / 50 Hz)
Performance data
Max. speed (rpm): 15 000
Max. capacity (ml): 2 600
Max. gravitational field (x g): 25 155
Max. kin. energy (Nm): 66 897
Other parameters
Time range: short run, continuous run,
10 sec – 11 h 59 min
Temperature range -20 to +40°C
Storage locations: 50
Physical data
Height (mm): 426
Width (mm): 670
Depth (mm): 650
Weight (kg): 134
EMC as per EN 61326: Class B
Noise level (dBA): 62 (at max. speed)
Fig. 10.1: Technical Data

10.1 Ambient Conditions

The figures are valid for an ambient temperature of +23°C 2 °C
and a nominal voltage 10 %1. The minimum temperature is
< +4 °C and depends on the rotor type, speed, and ambient
temperature.
Allowable ambient temperature +5°C to +35°C.
Max. relative humidity of air 80% up to 31°C with a linear
decrease to 67% relative humidity of air at 35°C.

1
At a nominal voltage of 100V or 200V, a tolerance of +10% / -5% applies.

64 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Appendix

11 Appendix
11.1 Suitable Accessories
For use in a robot-controlled centrifuge, special equipment is
required. A list of suitable rotors and accessories is available on
request. Please contact our sales department.:
SIGMA Laborzentrifugen GmbH
An der Unteren Söse 50
37520 Osterode (Germany)
Tel. +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-8213
Fax +49 (0) 55 22 / 50 07-92 13
E-mail: info@[Link]

Rotors and accessories of the standard centrifuge 4-16K must not be

used in a robot-controlled centrifuge without consultation with the
manufacturer!

11.2 Grafical Representation of the Rotors

The graphical representation of the rotors shows the maximum and
minimum radii of the accessories used. If necessary, the values must
be manually calculated (see 11.3.1 "RCF“).

Fig 11.1:
Minimum and maximum radius
of a swing-out rotor

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 65

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Appendix

11.3 Formulae - Mathematical Relations

11.3.1 Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF)

The parameters speed, RCF, and the group rotor and radius cannot
be specified independently. They are interrelated via the following
formula:
RCF = 11.18 x 10-6 x r x n2
If two values are given, the third value is determined by the equation.
If then the speed or the rotation radius is changed, the resulting RCF
will be recalculated. If the RCF is altered, the speed will be adapted
accordingly under the consideration of the radius.
r = radius in cm
n = speed in rpm
RCF without dimension

11.3.2 Density
If the density of the liquid is higher than 1.2 g/cm3, the maximum
permissible speed of the centrifuge is calculated according to the
following formula:
n = nmax x (1.2 / Rho)
3
Rho = density in g/cm

11.3.3 Speed-Gravitational-Field-Diagram
Additional help can be found in the enclosed speed-gravitational-field-
diagram (see fig. 11.2, next page).

66 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Appendix

Fig. 11.2: Speed-Grravitational-Field Diagram

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 67

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Appendix

Resistance Data
Resistance Data
Resistant at +20 °C

Concentration

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene
Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chlorid, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Aluminum
High Density
- no data
1 resistant
2 practically resistant
3 partially resistant
4 not resistant

HDPE

PTFE
POM

PSU

PVC

PVC
PC
PA

PP

AL
Medium Formula [%]
Acetaldehyde C2H4O 40 3 2 4 2 3 4 4 - 1 1
Acetamide C2H5NO saturated 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 1
Acetone C3H6O 100 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 1
Acrylonitrile C3H3N 100 1 1 4 3 3 4 4 4 1 1
Allyl alcohol C3H6O 96 1 3 3 2 2 2 2 4 1 1
Aluminum chloride AlCl3 saturated 1 3 2 4 1 - 1 - 1 4
Aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3 10 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
Ammonium chloride (NH4)Cl aqueous 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3
Ammonium hydroxide NH3 + H2O 30 1 3 4 1 1 2 1 - 1 1
Aniline C6H7N 100 1 3 4 1 2 4 4 4 1 1
Anisole C7H8O 100 3 4 4 1 4 4 2 - 1 1
Antimony trichloride SbCl3 90 1 4 1 4 1 - 1 - 1 4
Benzaldehyde C7H6O 100 1 3 4 1 1 3 4 4 1 1
Benzene C6H6 100 3 2 4 1 3 4 4 - 1 1
Boric acid H3BO3 aqueous 1 3 1 2 1 - - - 1 1
Butyl acrylate C7H12O2 100 1 2 4 2 3 4 4 4 1 1
Butyl alcohol, normal C4H10O 100 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 4 1 1
Calcium chloride CaCl2 alcoholic 1 4 2 3 1 - - 4 1 3
Carbon disulfide CS2 100 4 3 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 1
Carbon tetrachloride (TETRA) CCl4 100 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 1
Chlorine Cl2 100 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 3
Chlorine water Cl2 x H2O 3 4 4 4 3 - 3 3 1 4
Chlorobenzene C6H5Cl 100 3 4 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1
Chloroform CHCl3 100 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 1 3
Chromic acid CrO3 10 1 4 2 4 1 4 1 - 1 1
KCr(SO4)2 x
Chromic potassium sulfate saturated 1 2 1 3 1 - 1 - 1 3
12H2O
Citric acid C6H8O7 10 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
Citric acid C6H8O7 50 1 3 1 2 1 - - - 1 1
Copper sulfate CuSO4 x 5H2O 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4
Cyclohexanol C6H12O 100 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 4 1 1
Decane C10H22 100 - 1 2 1 3 - - - 1 1
Diaminoethane C2H8N2 100 1 1 3 1 1 - 3 4 1 1
Diesel fuel — 100 1 1 3 1 1 - 1 3 1 1
Dimethyl formamide (DMF) C3D7NO 100 1 1 4 1 1 4 3 - 1 1
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) C2H6SO 100 1 2 4 1 1 4 4 - 1 1
Dimethylaniline C8H11N 100 - 3 4 2 4 - - - 1 1

68 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Appendix

Resistant at +20 °C

Concentration

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene
Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chlorid, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Aluminum
High Density
- no data
1 resistant
2 practically resistant
3 partially resistant
4 not resistant

HDPE

PTFE
POM

PSU

PVC

PVC
PC
PA

PP

AL
Medium Formula [%]
Dioxane C4H8O2 100 2 1 4 1 3 2 3 4 1 1
Dipropylene glycol
C4H10O 100 3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 1
(mono)methyl ether
Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 100 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 4 1 1
Ethylene chloride C2H4Cl2 100 3 3 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1
Ferrous chloride FeCl2 saturated 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 4
Formaldehyde solution CH2O 30 1 3 1 1 1 - - - 1 1
Formic acid CH2O2 100 1 4 3 4 1 3 3 1 1 1
Furfural C5H4O2 100 1 3 3 2 4 - - - 1 1
Gasoline C5H12 - C12H26 100 2 1 3 1 3 3 2 - 1 1
Glycerol C3H8O3 100 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1
Heptane, normal C7H16 100 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 4 1 1
Hexane, n- C6H14 100 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 1
Hydrogen chloride HCl 5 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 4
concen-
Hydrogen chloride HCl 1 4 4 4 1 1 2 3 1 4
trated
Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 3
Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 30 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 3
Hydrogen sulfide H2S 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1
Iodine, tincture of I2 1 4 3 1 1 - 4 4 1 1
Isopropyl alcohol C3H8O 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 2
Lactic acid C3H6O3 3 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 - 1 1
Magnesium chloride MgCl2 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Mercuric chloride HgCl2 10 1 4 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 4
Mercury Hg 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3
Methyl acetate C3H6O2 100 1 1 4 2 1 - 4 4 1 1
Methyl alcohol CH4O 100 1 2 4 1 1 3 1 3 1 1
Methyl benzene C7H8 100 3 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1
Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) C4H8O 100 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 4 1 1
Methylene chloride CH2Cl2 100 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 1 1
Mineral oil — 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1
Nitric acid HNO3 10 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 3
Nitric acid HNO3 100 4 4 4 4 4 - 4 - 1 1
Nitrobenzene C6H5NO2 100 3 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 1 1
Oleic acid C18H34O2 100 1 1 1 2 1 - 1 - 1 1
Oxalic acid C2H2O4 x 2H2O 100 1 3 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1
Ozone O3 100 3 4 1 4 3 1 1 - 1 2
Petroleum — 100 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 1
Phenol C6H6O 10 1 4 4 4 1 4 1 3 1 1
Phenol C6H6O 100 2 4 4 4 1 3 4 3 1 1
Phosphoric acid H3PO4 20 1 4 2 4 1 - - - 1 4
Phosphorus pentachloride PCl5 100 - 4 4 4 1 - 4 4 1 1

Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 69

Translation of the original operating manual
4-16KR

Appendix

Resistant at +20 °C

Concentration

Polyvinyl chloride, hard

Polyethylene

Polyamide

Polycarbonate

Polyoxymethylene
Polypropylene

Polysulfone

Polyvinyl chlorid, weak

Polytetrafluorethylene

Aluminum
High Density
- no data
1 resistant
2 practically resistant
3 partially resistant
4 not resistant

HDPE

PTFE
POM

PSU

PVC

PVC
PC
PA

PP

AL
Medium Formula [%]
Potassium hydrogen carbonate CHKO3 saturated 1 1 2 1 1 - - - 1 4
Potassium hydroxide KOH 30 1 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 4
Potassium hydroxide KOH 50 1 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 4
Potassium nitrate KNO3 10 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 1
Potassium permanganate KMnO4 100 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 1
Pyridine C5H5N 100 1 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1
Resorcinol C6H6O2 5 1 4 2 3 1 4 2 - 1 2
Silver nitrate AgNO3 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4
Sodium bisulfite NaHSO3 10 1 1 2 4 1 - - - 1 1
Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 10 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 3
Sodium chloride NaCl 30 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3
Sodium hydroxide NaOH 30 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 4
Sodium hydroxide NaOH 50 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 - 1 4
Sodium sulfate Na2SO4 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Spirits C2H6O 96 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1
Styrene C8H8 100 4 1 4 1 3 - 4 4 1 1
Sulfuric acid H2SO4 6 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 - 1 3
Sulfuric acid H2SO4 fuming 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 3
Tallow — 100 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 1
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) C4H8O 100 3 1 4 1 3 4 4 4 1 1
Tetrahydronaphthalene C10H12 100 3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 1
Thionyl chloride Cl2SO 100 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 3
Transformer oil — 100 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 - 1 1
Trichloroethane C2H3Cl3 100 3 3 4 2 4 4 4 4 1 4
Urea CH4N2O 10 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 1
Urine — 100 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 2
Vinegar C2H4O2 10 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Vinegar C2H4O2 90 1 4 4 4 1 3 1 4 1 1
Wax — 100 - 1 1 1 - - - 1 1
Wines — 100 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 4
Xylene C8H10 100 3 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 1 1
Zinc chloride SnCl2 10 1 4 2 2 1 - - - 1 4

70 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual
EC-Declaration of Conformity
 4-16KR

Index

12 Index
Acceleration time
- see also the softstart and softstop function..................................................................... 28
Accident prevention ............................................................................................................. 15
Acid ................................................................................................................... 18, 57, 68, 70
Activating/Deactivating the sound signal .............................................................................. 36
Actual temperature............................................................................................................... 32
Adapters ........................................................................................................................ 26, 59
Alkaline solutions ........................................................................................................... 18, 58
Aluminium accessories ........................................................................................................ 58
Ambient conditions............................................................................................................... 64
Ambient temperature ........................................................................................................... 64
Autoclaving .......................................................................................................................... 60
Autoclaving table ................................................................................................................. 61
Brief mains power failure...................................................................................................... 53
Bucket................................................................................................................ 16, 26, 58, 59
Calling up stored programs .................................................................................................. 35
Carrier...................................................................................................................... 26, 59, 60
Centrifugation with different tube sizes................................................................................. 25
Centrifugation with low capacity ........................................................................................... 25
Centrifuge cannot be started ................................................................................................ 53
Centrifuge decelerates during operation .............................................................................. 53
Centrifuge display .......................................................................................................... 24, 27
Centrifuge is inclined............................................................................................................ 53
Centrifuge was moved during run ........................................................................................ 53
Centrifuges
- definition........................................................................................................................... 9
Changes in color .................................................................................................................. 60
Changing the RCF Increments............................................................................................. 31
Changing the speed Increments .......................................................................................... 30
Changing the time increments ............................................................................................. 29
Check commands ................................................................................................................ 37
Chemical and biological safety............................................................................................. 17
Chemical reactions .............................................................................................................. 58
Cleaning agents ............................................................................................................. 56, 58
Closing the lid ................................................................................................................ 16, 24
Commands for centrifuges with motor driven lid or hatch ..................................................... 50
Commands for centrifuges with rotor positioning .................................................................. 50
Commands for Rotor Cycle Counter .................................................................................... 50
Commands to change parameters ....................................................................................... 39
Commands to change the setpoints ..................................................................................... 39
Commands to read parameters............................................................................................ 39
Commands to request process values ................................................................................. 39
Commands to request setpoints........................................................................................... 39
Commands to request the status ......................................................................................... 40
Communication error ........................................................................................................... 55
Communication protocol ...................................................................................................... 38
Compressor ......................................................................................................................... 32
Condensation....................................................................................................................... 23
Condenser ........................................................................................................................... 60
Condenser dirty ................................................................................................................... 53
Connected load.................................................................................................................... 64
Connection .......................................................................................................................... 37
Connection .......................................................................................................................... 23
Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 73
Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Index

Contamination ................................................................................................................ 17, 57

Continuous heat resistance .................................................................................................. 60
Continuous run .................................................................................................................... 30
Control commands ............................................................................................................... 39
Copyright ............................................................................................................................. 10
Corrosion ................................................................................................16, 18, 26, 56, 58, 59
Cost estimate ....................................................................................................................... 63
Cracks ..................................................................................................................... 18, 58, 59
Cycles ............................................................................................................................ 18, 24
Damage of the surface......................................................................................................... 59
Dangerous goods................................................................................................................. 18
Dangerous materials ............................................................................................................ 60
Deactivating the sound signal .............................................................................................. 36
Deceleration time
- see also the softstart and softstop function ..................................................................... 28
Declaration of conformity ..................................................................................................... 10
Declaration of decontamination ............................................................................................ 62
Deformation of tubes............................................................................................................ 60
Density............................................................................................................... 12, 18, 66, 68
Design of the centrifuge ....................................................................................................... 11
Different service life of rotors and accessories ..................................................................... 19
Dimensions and weight ........................................................................................................ 21
Direct hazard to the life and health ....................................................................................... 14
Disinfectants ........................................................................................................................ 60
Disinfection of the rotor chamber and accessories ............................................................... 60
Disposal of the centrifuge..................................................................................................... 63
Disposal of the packaging .................................................................................................... 63
Documentation ..................................................................................................................... 10
Drive problem ...................................................................................................................... 53
EC-Declaration of Conformity............................................................................................... 71
EEPROM error ..................................................................................................................... 55
Electrical connection ............................................................................................................ 64
Electrical safety.................................................................................................................... 16
EMC as per EN 61326 ......................................................................................................... 64
Emergency lid release.................................................................................................... 19, 54
Equipotential bonding screw ................................................................................................ 20
Error codes .......................................................................................................................... 55
Error messages.............................................................................................................. 19, 53
Explanation of the symbols and notes .................................................................................. 14
Fire prevention ..................................................................................................................... 17
Form for the return of defective parts ................................................................................... 63
Formulae - mathematical relations ....................................................................................... 66
Freezing-over of the compressor ......................................................................................... 32
Fuses ................................................................................................................................... 23
Fuses have tripped .............................................................................................................. 53
General conditions ................................................................................................................. 9
General malfunctions ........................................................................................................... 53
General specifications .......................................................................................................... 38
Glass breakage .................................................................................................................... 59
Glass particles ..................................................................................................................... 59
Grafical representation of the rotors ..................................................................................... 65
Gravitational field ................................................................................................................. 66
Grease for load bearing bolts ................................................................................... 10, 57, 59
Ground wire check ............................................................................................................... 20
Hard running noise during the centrifugation ........................................................................ 53
74 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012
Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Index

Hardware interface (optional accessory) .............................................................................. 51

Hardware specification......................................................................................................... 37
Hazard warnings .............................................................................................................. 9, 25
Hexagon socket wrench ....................................................................................................... 10
Imbalance .......................................................................................................... 18, 25, 26, 59
Imbalance error.................................................................................................................... 55
Imbalance monitoring........................................................................................................... 20
Importance of the operating manual....................................................................................... 9
Important information ........................................................................................................... 14
Improper loading .................................................................................................................. 53
Infectious substances .................................................................................................... 17, 60
Inflammable substances ...................................................................................................... 17
Informal safety instructions .................................................................................................. 15
Initial start-up ....................................................................................................................... 24
Input .................................................................................................................................... 37
Input fuse ............................................................................................................................. 12
Input values ......................................................................................................................... 37
Inspection by the manufacturer ............................................................................................ 61
Installation of accessories .................................................................................................... 25
Installation of rotors and accessories ............................................................................. 18, 24
Installation of the rotor ......................................................................................................... 24
Installation site ..................................................................................................................... 23
Instructions on saftety and hazards...................................................................................... 26
Intended use .......................................................................................................................... 9
Interrupting a centrifugation run ........................................................................................... 28
Interrupting a deceleration process ...................................................................................... 28
IP Code................................................................................................................................ 64
Leaks ............................................................................................................................. 26, 60
Lid cannot be opened .......................................................................................................... 53
Lid error ............................................................................................................................... 55
Lid is not closed correctly ..................................................................................................... 53
Lid lock device ..................................................................................................................... 19
Lid lock has not released ..................................................................................................... 53
Lid seal sticks ...................................................................................................................... 53
light barriers ......................................................................................................................... 17
Limited service life ............................................................................................................... 18
Load-bearing bolts ............................................................................................................... 59
Loading the centrifuge with a robot ...................................................................................... 37
Lockdown ............................................................................................................................ 35
Mains power switch.................................................................................................. 23, 24, 54
Mains power switch off......................................................................................................... 53
Mains switch ........................................................................................................................ 11
Maintenance ........................................................................................................................ 57
Malfunction .......................................................................................................................... 53
Malfunctions......................................................................................................................... 16
Malfunctions and error correction ......................................................................................... 53
Manual Mode ....................................................................................................................... 28
Manufacturer........................................................................................................................ 64
Marking of the unit ............................................................................................................... 13
Max. capacity ....................................................................................................................... 64
Max. current consumption .................................................................................................... 64
Max. gravitational field ......................................................................................................... 64
Max. kinetic energy ........................................................................................................ 12, 64
Max. speed .......................................................................................................................... 64
Maximum speed for glass tubes........................................................................................... 26
Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 75
Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Index

Measures in the event of hazards and accidents.................................................................. 20

Mechanical safety ................................................................................................................ 16
Motor error ........................................................................................................................... 55
Motor shaft ..................................................................................................................... 24, 57
Multiple carrier ......................................................................................................... 26, 58, 59
Name plate ........................................................................................................ 11, 12, 16, 23
No indication on the display ................................................................................................. 53
No power in the mains supply .............................................................................................. 53
Noise level ........................................................................................................................... 64
Nominal voltage ................................................................................................................... 12
Notes on safety and hazards.................................................................................................. 9
Notes on transport ............................................................................................................... 21
Online download of forms .................................................................................................... 63
Opening the lid ..................................................................................................................... 24
Operating panel ................................................................................................................... 11
Operating panel ................................................................................................................... 27
Operating personnel ............................................................................................................ 15
Operating voltage................................................................................................................. 23
Operational safety ................................................................................................................ 58
Overseas shipping ............................................................................................................... 21
Packaging ............................................................................................................................ 22
Padlock symbol.................................................................................................................... 35
Parameter .................................................................................................... 30, 31, 34, 37, 66
Parameter error.................................................................................................................... 55
Pathogenic substances ...................................................................................... 17, 57, 58, 60
Permanent lockdown ........................................................................................................... 35
Pinning of the connector ...................................................................................................... 51
Pivot bearing ........................................................................................................................ 59
Plastic accessories .............................................................................................................. 58
Possible error causes .......................................................................................................... 53
Potential hazard to the life and health .................................................................................. 14
Potentially hazardous situation............................................................................................. 14
Power consumption ....................................................................................................... 12, 64
Power cord............................................................................................................... 23, 54, 57
Power cord is not plugged in ................................................................................................ 53
Power supply ....................................................................................................................... 23
Precooling............................................................................................................................ 32
Precooling time .................................................................................................................... 33
Pressure marks.................................................................................................................... 59
Prevention of accidents .......................................................................................................... 9
Problem description ............................................................................................................. 63
Process error ....................................................................................................................... 55
Process values .................................................................................................................... 37
Program ............................................................................................................................... 34
Program mode ..................................................................................................................... 34
Program number .................................................................................................................. 34
Protection class.................................................................................................................... 64
Protective earth (ground) ..................................................................................................... 13
Radioactive substances ........................................................................................... 17, 57, 58
Radius ........................................................................................................................... 65, 66
Rapid cooling program RAPID TEMP .................................................................................. 33
RCF ......................................................................................................................... 31, 65, 66
Relative centrifugal force................................................................................................ 31, 66
Remaining hazards .............................................................................................................. 20
Removal of the transport safety device ................................................................................ 22
76 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012
Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Index

Remove glass particles and metal dust from the rotor chamber ........................................... 59
Resistance data ....................................................................................................... 18, 58, 68
Resistance of plastics .......................................................................................................... 18
Responsibility of the operator............................................................................................... 15
Return of centrifuges, spare parts, or accessories ............................................................... 62
Return of defective parts ...................................................................................................... 62
Robot-controlled centrifuge .................................................................................................. 37
Rotor.................................................................................................................................... 58
Rotor chamber ......................................................................................................... 32, 57, 59
Rotor selection ..................................................................................................................... 34
Rotor tie-down screw ..................................................................................................... 24, 59
Rotor wrench ................................................................................................................. 10, 24
Rotors .................................................................................................................................. 52
Rotors and accessories with a different service life .............................................................. 19
Rotors for microtiter plate formats ........................................................................................ 25
Rotors, buckets and multiple carriers ................................................................................... 58
Rubber cushions ............................................................................................................ 58, 59
Rubber parts .................................................................................................................. 16, 61
Runtime ............................................................................................................................... 28
Safety area .......................................................................................................................... 18
Safety class ......................................................................................................................... 23
Safety distance .............................................................................................................. 18, 23
Safety instructions............................................................................................................ 9, 25
Safety instructions for centrifugation .................................................................................... 18
Safety Instructions for robot-controlled centrifuges............................................................... 17
Safety-conscious work ......................................................................................................... 15
Saving the current settings................................................................................................... 34
Scope of supply ................................................................................................................... 10
Screws of the transport safety device are not removed ........................................................ 53
Serial control interface ......................................................................................................... 37
Serial interface ..................................................................................................................... 37
Serial number .......................................................................................................... 12, 56, 62
Service contact .................................................................................................................... 56
Service life ........................................................................................................................... 56
Service life of rotors and accessories............................................................................. 18, 19
Service life of the accessories.............................................................................................. 60
Service request .......................................................................................................... 3, 56, 62
Service work ........................................................................................................................ 61
Set temperature ................................................................................................................... 32
Set-up and connection ................................................................................................... 18, 22
Short run .............................................................................................................................. 29
Slide cover ........................................................................................................................... 57
Sliding cover ........................................................................................................................ 11
Slushing oil .............................................................................................................. 10, 58, 59
Softstart and softstop function .............................................................................................. 28
Software protocol ................................................................................................................. 37
Solvents ................................................................................................................... 18, 57, 58
Sound signal .................................................................................................................. 36, 53
Specialist personnel ............................................................................................................. 61
Speed ............................................................................................................................ 12, 30
Speed-gravitational-field-diagram ........................................................................................ 66
Speedometer error ............................................................................................................... 55
Spincontrol Universal ........................................................................................................... 27
Standards and regulations ................................................................................................... 10
Standstill monitoring............................................................................................................. 19
Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012 77
Translation of the original operating manual
 4-16KR

Index

Starting the centrifuge .......................................................................................................... 28

Status of the centrifuge ........................................................................................................ 37
Sterilization and disinfection of the rotor chamber and accessories...................................... 60
Storage and transport .......................................................................................................... 21
Storage conditions ............................................................................................................... 21
Storage temperature ............................................................................................................ 21
Stress-corrosion................................................................................................................... 58
Structural changes ............................................................................................................... 16
Suitable accessories ...................................................................................................... 25, 65
Supply voltage ..................................................................................................................... 23
Swing-out rotor .................................................................................................................... 25
Switching the centrifuge OFF ............................................................................................... 52
Switching the centrifuge ON................................................................................................. 24
System check ...................................................................................................................... 19
System error .................................................................................................................. 53, 55
Table of rotors and accessories with a different service life .................................................. 19
Table of user commands...................................................................................................... 48
Technical data ..................................................................................................................... 64
Temperature ........................................................................................................................ 31
Temperature error ................................................................................................................ 55
Temperature fuses ............................................................................................................... 23
Temperature profiles ............................................................................................................ 34
Temperature value cannot be reached................................................................................. 53
Toxic substances ..................................................................................................... 17, 57, 58
Transport safety device .................................................................................................. 21, 22
Tubes................................................................................................................................... 26
Type..................................................................................................................................... 64
Type name ........................................................................................................................... 12
Type of the centrifuge .................................................................................................... 56, 62
Typical connection to a PC .................................................................................................. 51
Ungreased load-bearing bolts .............................................................................................. 53
Unpacking the centrifuge ..................................................................................................... 22
Use as a robot-controlled centrifuge..................................................................................... 37
Useful volume
- volume that is stated for the tube.................................................................................... 26
User commands ................................................................................................................... 38
Using the centrifuge ............................................................................................................. 24
UV radiation ................................................................................................................... 23, 56
Vessels .................................................................................................................... 16, 18, 26
Warranty and liability.............................................................................................................. 9
Wear .................................................................................................................................... 61
Year of manufacture ............................................................................................................ 12

78 Version 10/2010, Rev. 1.9 of 02/07/2012

Translation of the original operating manual