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Storage
3: what is a LUN
Ans: LUN = Logical unit number
A raw partition on a SAN Array
4:what is a datastore and how to create a datastore
Ans: Datastore is a VMFS partition created on a LUN
ESXi -- R/C-- storage -- new datastore --select VMFS- select the LUN - enter datastore name -- select
VMFS version 6/7 -- next --finish
5: what is VMFS
Ans: VMFS is virtual machine filesystem designed by vmware allows read-write from multiple machines
at a time
6: What info will you share to SAN team for storage attachment
Ans: WWN address from both the HBA Adapters
7: What is zoning and Masking
Ans:
Zoning : Presenting a LUN via Switch fabric ( SAN switches)
Masking: present a LUN to the necessary hosts (hiding it from unnecessary hosts )
8: What are the Components in SAN Array
Ans :
SC - storage controller - it will have an OS to manage the data to and from the SAN Array
DAE : A shelve with multiple physical disks grouped in it
Pool : Logical grouping of physical disks from different DAEs
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LUN : A raw volume/partition created on the Pool ( LUN is provisioned from multiple physical disks)
9: what is the difference between block and File / object storage
Ans :
FC/ iscsi - Block based storage ( VMFS filesystem )
NFS - File/ Object based storage
There is difference in the storage space allocation to read and write data on the storage system is
different
10: How to expand an existing datastore
Ans :
VM : Share LUN ID ( naa. id ) to the SAN team ( Datastore -- configure -- device backing--
naa.7845485589660 )
SAN : SAN team will allocate extra space from the pool
VM : Then expand the datastore ( datastore -- configure -- general -- increase -- select the allocated
space -next -finish )
If the allocated LUN / extra space is not visible , rescan
Reboot the host
11: How to attach a NFS datastore to multiple ESXi hosts
Ans : Select NFS Datastore --R/C-- Mount datastore to additional hosts -- select hosts -- next -finish
12: What is RDM
Ans : Raw device mapping
Attach a RAW Lun directly from the SAN array to the VM , instead of VMDK file from a VMFS partition
Physical mode - Attach LUN directly to a vm
Adv: Apps will read-write directly on the LUN
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Dis Adv: No cloning , no snapshot, no svmotion
Note: vmotion is possible if the LUN is presented to all hosts in the cluster
virtual mode - VM will use mapped disk to read-write on RDM
Features allowed: cloning , snapshot, svmotion , vmotion
13: Datastore is 100 % full how to troubleshoot
Ans:
1: svmotion any vm to another datastore
2: Find any vm with snapshot and delete the snapshot
3: Try to power off the hung vm or any VM so that swap file will be deleted and we manage to get
some free space
4: Expand a datastore
14 : Datastore is disconnected how to fix it
Ans: verify if its disconnected from single host or multiple hosts
if its disconnected from one host - problem is on host side
if its disconnected from multiple hosts - problem on storage side
1: Rescan for storage
2: Talk to storage admin
3: Enter host into MM and restart the host
15 : what is multipathing , and how many types are there
Ans: its path selection policy from the host to the storage
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Fixed : Path A will be active and path B will be passive , incase of failure on path A , path B will become
active automatically
once the path A comes online, path A will become active and data will flow through path A , path B will
be passive
MRU - most recently used :
Path A will be active and path B will be passive , incase of failure on path A , path B will become active
automatically
once the path A comes online, path A will become passive and data will flow will continue via path B
RR - Round robin
Both paths will be active / active
16: APD - All paths dead & PDL : Permanent device loss
APD : when a LUN from the storage is deleted without unmounting from the ESXi or if both SAN
switches or storage controllers are restarted / down it will lead to APD from the HOst
solution : Fix from the sto
rage end if not fixed, restart the ESXi
PDL : permanent device loss
Solution : restart managmement agents on the host , if not rescan from CLI
Ask storage team to the connect back the LUN , if not fixed restart the ESXI
unmount datastore from the ESXI
ESXi -- sleect datastore -- R/C-- unmount
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17: How many maximum LUNs/ Datastores can be provisioned to an ESXi 7.0
Ans:
FC / iSCSi : 1024
NFS : 256
18: Maximum LUN Size supported on the ESXi 7.0
Ans: 64 TB
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