2nd Proff 2020 KMU solved mcqs

Block E (Renal and GIT modules)

1. Bile
a) doesn’t contain enzyme
b) Very quickly digests food
c) Is secreted by small intestine
d) Is acidic in nature
Answer: A

2. Slow waves in small intestine smooth muscle cells are

a. Action potential
b. Phasic contractions
c. Tonic contractions
d. Oscillating resting membrane potential
e. Hyper polarization

Answer: D (Guyton chp 63)

3-The interstitial cells of Cajal

a) Fire action potentials to generate the electrical slow waves
b) Are found between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layer
c) Hormonally regulate peristalsis
d) Innervated by vagus nerve
e) Release mucous into the lumen
Ans) b (hint chap 63)

4- Regarding enteric nervous system one of the following is incorrect

a) Myenteric plexus is concerned with motility
b) Myenteric plexus lies between the mucosa and submucosa
c) Submucosal plexus controls sections and blood flow
d) Submucosal plexus is embedded in submucosa
e) The nerve endings secrete many neurotransmitters
Ans) b. (Hint : chap 63) Myenteric plexus lies between circular and longitudinal muscle layers)

5- Activation of these receptors on basolateral parietal cells inhibit gastric acid secretion

a)Histamine
b) Gastrin
c) Prostaglandins
d) Acetylcholine
e) Cholecystokinin
Ans) C

6- A 43 years old male presents with difficulty in swallowing food. On further testing, a
diagnosis of achalasia was made. The main defect in achalasia is
a) Increased relaxation of lower esophageal spincter
b) Failure of lower esophageal sphincter to relax

c) Permanent dilation of esophagus

d) Increased receptive relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter

e) Loss of peristalsis in the esophagus

Ans) B

7- A nine years old is not feeling good after eating something bad at school trip. In this
patient the local irritation of intestinal mucosa will stimulate the following type of motor
activity in small intestine
a) haustrations
b) Mass movement
c) Peristaltic rush
d) Secondary peristalsis
e) Segmentations
Ans) C (Hint chap 64)

8- A young man receives a lower back injury in a motorcycle accident. Damage to the pelvic
nerves has the following effect
a) attenuates defecation reflex
b) Has no effect on defecation reflex
c) Increases the strength of defecation reflex
d) Results in continuous urge to defecate

e) Relaxes the anal sphincters

Ans) A (Hint chap 64)
9- The number of spike potentials in gastrointestinal smooth muscle is greatly decreased by
a) acetylcholine
b) Stretching of muscles
c) Sympathetic stimulation
d) Stimulation of vagus nerve
e) Secretion of enzymes
Ans) C

10. Gastric parietal cells excrete

A. Gastrin

B. Motilin

C. CCK

D. Intrinsic factor

E. Secretin

Answer. D

11. With regards to hormones of GIT:

a. chloecystokinin doesn't have any effect on stomach contractions

B. Gastrin was 1st intestinal hormone

[Link] inhibitory peptide is secreted by mucosa of stomach

D. Gastrin is released by esophagus

E. gastrin is secreted by antrum of stomach

Answer: E

12. .All of the following are functions of saliva except;

[Link] the food

[Link] digests starch

[Link] digests proteins

[Link] digests triglycerides

Answer: C

13. A 50 years old man after having lunch complained of too much gases in the upper gil tract most gases in stomach swallowed air
and by belching these gases are usually mixture of;

A.CO2 and H2

[Link] and oxygen

[Link] and H2

[Link] and oxygen

Answer: D

14 A 32 years old man presents to the gastroenterology clinic with complaint of dysphagia for past 2 years he has regurgitation of
undigested food and heart burn he was diagnosed with achalasia which is most likely responsible for condition;

[Link] in neural network of myenteric plexus in lower two thirds of esophagus

[Link] motility in esophagus

[Link] relaxation of gastroesophagial spinchter.

[Link] enlargement of esophagus

[Link] in esophageal mucosae

Answer: A
[Link] hormone is released by presence of fat and protein in small intestine and has major effect in emptying;

[Link]

[Link]

C motilin

[Link]

Answer: A

16: person has got diarrhea for 2 days and his lab reports show serum sodium level of 105mmol/[Link] can have ;

[Link]

[Link]

[Link] grade fever

[Link]

Answer: B

17 . The most likely cause of hypernatremia with dehydration is

A. Adrenal insufficiency

B. Bronchial tumors

C. Diabetes insipidus

D. Cushings disease

E. Primary aldosteronism

Answer. C

18. Amino acids are almost completely absorbed from glomerular filtrate via active transport in which part of kidney

A. Bownans capsule

B. Distal tubule

C. Loop of henle

D. Proximal tubule

E. Collecting duct

Answer. D

19. The component of glomerular filtration barrier which is permeable to water and small molecules but not large proteins is .

A. Bowman's memberane

B. Fenestrated capillary endothelium

C. Glomerular basement memberane

D. Podocytes

Answer: C

20. Which one of the following will cause an increase in the glomerular filtration rate

A. Constriction of yhe Afferent arteriole

B. Constriction of the Efferent arteriole

C. Constriction of ureter

D. Increased plasma protein concentration

E. Infusion of insulin

Answer. B . (Constriction of efferent arteriole reduces the blood flow through the capillaries and thus increases the
glomerular filtration rate into the bowman's capsule)
21 A person developed acute renal failure affecting proximal tubule . What percentage of filtered load of sodium is reabsorbed by
the proximal tubule

A. 15%

B. 25%

C. 45%

D. 65%

E. 95%

Answer. D ( proximal 65% ,loop of henle 25%, distal tubule 10%)

22. A 45 year old female presented with uni lateral non pitting edema of right upper limb after mastectomy for breast cancer . The
basic driving force causing this type of edema is

A. Damage to veins during surgery

B. Raised capillary hydrostatic pressure

C. Raised interstitial colloidal osmotic pressure

D. Reduced interstitial hydrostatic pressure

E. Raised plasma colloidal osmotic pressure

Answer. C. ( raised interstitial colloidal osmotic pressure cause fluid to move out which then attaches to protein
molecules already present. Thus , there are no free fluid molecules and hence its non pitting)

23 Which of the following has a rate of urinary excretion that is always much lower than rate of glucose filtration in a healthy adult

A. Urea

B. Potassium

C. Sodium

D. Glucose

E. Calcium

Answer. D. ( all glucose filtered is reabsorbed into proximal tubule)

24. Renal clearance of phosphate is increased by which hormone?

A. Aldosterone

B. PTH

C. Nor epinephrine

D. Vassopressin

E. Angiotensin

Answer. B

25. Hyponatremia will result from an excess secretion of

A. Vasopressin

B. Atrial natriuretic peptide

C. Nor epinephrine

D. Insulin

E. Aldosterone

Answer. A explanation: excess secretion of adh (siadh) leads to excess water reabsorption, Whereas sodium conc
remains constant in ecf.

So, this leads to hyponatremia

26. Which of the following will produce greatest increase in potassium secretion

A. A decrease in urinary flow rates

B. An increase in distal nephron sodium conc

C. A decrease in circulating blood volume

D. An increase in sympathetic nerve activity

E. A decrease n renal blood flow

Answer. D

27. A decrease in the concentration of sodium chloride in interstitial fluid causes the juxta glomerular apparatus to release which of
the following hormone

A. ADH

B. Aldosterone

C. Adenosine

D. Renin

E. Juxtaglonerulin

Answer. D ( Jx apparatus produce renin which causes activation of angiotensin)

28. The gold standard for estimation of glomerular filtration is clearance of

A. PHA

B. Inulin

C. Creatinine

D. Mannitol

E. Urea

Answer. B

29. In nephron glucose absorption occurs mainly in

A. Proximal tubule

B. Distal tubule

C. Ascending loop

D. Collecting duct

E. Descending loop

Answer. A.

[Link] one of the following is an uncoupler?

A. Azide

B. DAL

C. Cyanide

D. Oligomycin

E. Rotenone

Answer. C

[Link] of the following statement is correct for the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

A. Depends on biotin
B. Involves participation of lipoic acid

C. Pyridoxal phosphate is required for decarboxylation

D. Reaction is reversible

[Link] in cytosol

Answer. B

[Link] rate limiting enzyme of glycogenesis is?

[Link] enzyme

[Link] transferase

[Link] 6 phosphatase

[Link] phosphorylase

[Link] synthase

Answer. E

[Link] of the following processes does not generate CO2?

[Link] acid cycle

[Link] of pyruvate to lactate

[Link] of pyruvate to acetyl CoA

[Link] shunt

E. B-oxidation of fatty acids

Answer. B

34.A substrate that does not contribute to gluconeogenesis is?

[Link]

B. Glycerol

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]

Answer. D

[Link] of the following is required for rye transport of fatty acid from cytosol

to mitochondria?

[Link] carrier protein

B. Alanine

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]

Answer. C

[Link] rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis is catalyzed by enzyme

[Link] CoA reductase

B. Mevalonate kinase
[Link] coA sunthase

[Link] synthase

Answer. A

[Link] major function of HDL is to

[Link] synthesis of cholesterol

[Link] of cholesterol from liver to peripheral tissues

C. Increases the risk of coronary artery disease

[Link] cholesterol from chylomicrons to VLDL

[Link] cholesterol from peripheral tissues to liver

Answer. E

[Link] amino acids that participate in the production of glutathione are

[Link] and glutamate

[Link] and glycine

[Link] and glycine

[Link] and glycine

[Link]

Answer. B

[Link] , a generalized pigmentation disorder of connective tissue is due to deficiency of which enzyme?

[Link] ketothiolase

[Link] acetoacetate hydrolase

[Link] oxidase

[Link] hydroxylase

[Link] transaminase

Answer. C

40. Hyperammonemia Is caused due to deficiency of enzyme

A. Arginase

B. Arginine succinase

C. Carbamoyl phosphate synthase 1

D. Carbamoyl phosphate synthase 2

Answer: C

41. Digestion of triglycerides requires

[Link] acid

B. bile salts

[Link] pigments

[Link] factor

E. none of above

Answer: B
[Link] is considered to be complete diet but it is deficient in:

A. Ascorbic acid

B. calcium

[Link]

D thiamine

[Link] A

Answer: A

43. The oxidation and phosphorylation in intact mitochondria is blocked by:

A. Puramycin

[Link]

C. gentamicin

[Link]

[Link]

Answer: B

44. Tyrosanemia type 1 is caused by deficiency of

A. hydrolase

[Link]

C. Isomerase

D. Thiolase

E. Hydroxylase

Answer: A

45. By Transmethylation reaction:

Guanidoacetic acid is converted into creatinine

B. Epinephrine is converted into nor epinephrine

C. Methionine is converted into homocysteine

D. Homocysteine is converted into methionine

E. Cysteine is converted into methionine

Answer : C

46. nh3 is toxic to brain because:

A. It aminates a ketoglutarate

B. It aminates glutamate dehydrogenase

C. Decarboxylase a ketoglutarate

D. Aminates urea

E. Inhibits glycolysis

Answer: A. It causes amination of ketoglutarate to form glutamate ... As ketoglutarate is intermediate of TCA cycle so
ATP production decreases so correct option is A. Some people also agreed that it could be E, choose whichever option
you think is right.
47. Sphingosine is synthesized from

A. Palmatoyl coA and choline

B. Pamatoyl CoA and serine

C. Palmatoyl coA and ethanolamine

D. Acetyl COA and choline

E. Palmatoyl coA and acetyl COA

Answer:B

48. The pathway of ketogenesis requies syntheses and breakdown of 3 hydroxy 3 methyglutanyl coA by two key enzymes

A. thiokinase and hydroxy acyl coA dehydrogenase

B. HMG coA synthase and HMG COA layse

[Link] coA synthase and enoyl coA hydrogenase

D. Thiolase and thiokinase

E. Thiokinase and HMG coA layse

Answer : B

49. Lack of appropriate lipid absorption leads to condition known as:

A. Hartnup disease

B. Metabolic syndrome

C. Obesity

D. Fatty liver

E. Steatorrhea

Answer: E

50. Von Gierkes disease is due to the deficiency of

a. Debranching Enzyme

b. Glucose-6-Phosphatase

c. Acid Maltese

d. Muscle phosphorylase

e. Liver phosphorylase

Answer: B Explanation: Von Gierke disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-
phosphate translocase, which transports glucose-6-phosphate into the endoplasmic reticulum for further metabolism.

51. Which of the following reaction is substrate level phosprylation in citric acid cycle

A. Isocitrate to alpha ketoglutarate

B. Malate to Oxalo Acetate

C. Succinyl COA to Succinate

D. Succinyl to fumarase

E. Citrate to isocitrate

Answer: C Explanation: Substrate-level phosphorylation, which is a process of forming ATP by the physical addition of a phosphate
group to ADP can take place in the cytoplasm during glycolysis or inside the mitochondrial matrix during the Krebs cycle.

52. The normal ratio between the alkaline phosphate and acid phosphate in blood is
A. 20:1

B. 4:1

C: 20:1

D. 4:1

E. 1:20

Answer: B or D since both options are correct

53. At pH 7.4, the ratio of bicarbonate dissolved CO2 is

A. 1:1

B. 10:1

C. 20:1

D. 40:1

E. 4:1

Answer: C (acid-base balance)

54. Quantitatively, the most significant buffer system is plasma is

A. Phosphate buffer system

[Link] acid and bicarbonate buffer system

C. Lactic acid- lactate buffer system

D. Protein buffer system

E. NH3 buffer system

Answer: B (please check acid-base balance in 10 doctors)

55. Buffering action of hemoglobin is mainly due to

A. Glutamine residues

B. Arginine residues

C. Imidazole ring

D. Glycine residues

E. Lysine residues

Answer: C Explanation: Histidine, an essential amino acid, has as a positively charged imidazole functional group. The imidazole
makes it a common participant in enzyme catalyzed reactions.

56. Respiratory acidosis results from

A. Retention of CO2

B. Excessive elimination of CO2

C. Retention of HCO3-

D. Excessive elimination of HCO3-

E. Deficiency of CO2

Answer: A. Explanation: When CO2 levels are high, there is a right shift in the reaction mentioned above. As a result, the
concentration of H+ ions in the bloodstream rises, lowering the pH and introducing a state of acidosis.

57. Respiratory alkalosis can occur in

A. Pulmonary edema

B. Hyperventilation

C. Pnemothorax

D. Emphysema

Answer: B Explanation: Respiratory alkalosis occurs when you breathe too fast or too deep and carbon dioxide levels drop too low

58. The primary event in respiratory alkalosis is

A. Primary alkali deficit

B. Primary H2CO3 deficit

C. Primary alkali excess

D. Decrease in plasma pCO2

E. Primary H2CO3 excess

Answer: D. Explanation: the complete option is cut from the exam sheet provided but the answer should be a decrease pCO2 in
blood which causes primary respiratory alkalosis.

59. Anion gap is increased in

A. Renal tubular acidosis

B. Metabolic acidosis from diarrhea

C. Metabolic acidosis resulting from intestinal obstruction

D. Diabetic ketoacidosis

E. Respiratory acidosis

Answer: D Explanation: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus characterized
with high anion gap metabolic acidosis due to excessive production of ketoacids at an expense of reduced serum bicarbonate
concentration

60. Studies providing us with only a description of a group of people/population are?

A) cohort studies
B) case control studies
C) Analytical
D) Descriptive
E) Experimental studies
Ans. D
Explanation : Study
Descriptive Analytical
Generates Hypothesis Test Hypothesis
And what who where when And why and how

61. Using cross-sectional studies we can most likely determine

A) Temporal association between exposure and outcome
B) Protective nature of exposure
C) Burden of disease in a population
D) Incidence of the disease
E) Burden of risk factor in a population
Ans.C
Cross sectional study measures prevalence of a condition related to health, behavior, risk factors for a disease in a
population

62. While selecting a research topic , the following need to be considered except
A) Relevance
B) Acceptibility
C) Ethical consideration
D) Cost effectiveness
E) preparedness
Ans.E

63. Temporal relationship means

A) Cause of a condition
B) Control of an outcome
C) Manipulation
D) Outcome of an experiment
E) intervention
Ans. A Exposure always precedes the outcome

64. Which of the following sampling type is based on availability of subjects and sample is selected in a haphazard fashion
A) Consective
B) Cluster
C) Systemic
D) Convenience
E) Purposive
Ans.D
• Sampling techniques.. convenience also known as accidental or haphazard sampling…researcher randomly the most
accessible subjects.
• Purposive is highly judgmental tech
• Cluster including selection of subgroups randomly
• Systematic sampling is selection of subjects at regular interval in a population

65. In which part of the large bowl do most colorectal cancers occur?
A) Ascending colon and rectum
B) Transverse colon and rectum
C) Descending colon and rectum
D) sigmoid colon and rectum
E) cecum
Ans.D

66. Which of the following is true for hepatitis infection?

A) Hepatitis C virus is a DNA virus
B) Infection is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma
C) Infection is Commoner in woman than man
D) Commonly transmitted by sexual contact
E) Alpha interferon is an effective treatment to cure the infection
Ans. B
Hepatitis C
o Single stranded RNA virus
o Incubation period 2 to 6 months
o Mode of transmission.. Blood borne
o Male predominance
o 1 to 5 % chance of hepatocellular carcinoma
o Interferons 50% effective to treat
o DAA tab (direct acting antiviral)… most effective
o No cure no vaccine

67. Peptic ulcer most commonly occur in

A) Small intestine
B) Duodenum
C) Pylorus
D) Rectum
E) Cardia of stomach
Ans. C
Guyton chap 67 peptic ulcer

68. In acute glomeulonephritis the most common cause of infection is

A) Syphilis
B) Measles
C) Streptococuus
D) Taxoplasmosis
E) Styphlococcus
Ans. C
Googled

69. Which drug accumulate in parietal cell caniliculi and undergoes conversion to derivative that irreversibly inhibit H+/K+
Atpase.
A) Sodium subsalicylate
B) Misoprostol
C) Omeprazole
D) Ranitidine
E) Sucralfate
Ans. C
• Sodium subsalicylate anti diarrheal agent.
 • Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin used to treat and prevent stomach ulcer
• Ranitidine is histamine H2 receptor blocker
• Sucralfate buffers acid.

70. Thiazide diuretics and furosemide have directionally opposite effect on the net renal excretion of th substances:

A. Bicarbonate

B. Calcium

C. Magnesium

D. Potassium

E. Uric acid

Answer : B

71. A patient is advised to include more meat, lentils, milk nad egg in diet only when he suffers from:

A: hepatitis

B. Kwashiorkor

C. Marasmus

D. osteomalacia

E. Thyroid

Answer: B

[Link] vomitus and stool are luminous in dark in:

A. arsenic poisoning

B. acute Mercury poisoning

C. acute antimony poisoning

D. acute phosphorus poisoning

E. acute lead poisoning

Answer: D

[Link] is the most common cause of UTI:

A. Escherichia coli

B. Staphylococcus aureus

C. Chlamydia

D. Mycoplasma

Answer: A

74: which of the following is the most important factor in the the development of peptic ulcer disease:

A. cigarette smoking

B. gastric esophageal reflex

C. pyloric infection

D. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs E. socioeconomic status

Answer : C
75. Which of the following is the most common cause of gastric outlet obstruction:

A. adult pyloric stenosis

B. gastric ulcer

C. gastric polyps

D. peptic ulcer disease

Answer: D

76. A young patient presented with pain left sided upper abdomen. examination shows a mass in left upper
abdomen,not ballotable and dull to percussion. which is the most likely cause of this mass?

A. Carcinoma pancreas

B. enlarged left kidney

C. enlarged spleen

D. Epigastric hernia

Answer: C

77. The Benign prostatic hyperplasia is formed in which zone of prostate?

A. Peripheral zone

[Link] urethra

C. transitional zone

D. Central zone

E. none

Answer: C

78. Bile duct open into which of the following part of gut:

A. stomach

B. Duodenum

[Link]

D. ileum

E. Colon

Answer : B

79: The cystic duct Open into which of the following structure:

A. Duodenum

B. gallbladder

C. liver

D. pancreas

E. urinary bladder

Answer: B

80. Greater Omentum is dorsal mesentary of which of the following structure?

A duodenum

B jejunum

C ileum
D stomach
E appendix

Ans : D( omentum is always associated with stomach, connect stomach with abd wall)

81. The pain in parietal peritoneum is carried by the fo,lowing nerves

A parasymypathetic
B sympathetic and somatic
C Somatic
D Sympathetic

E Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Ans: C ( parietal [Link]/pericardium always innervated by somatic nerves)

82. Jejunum and ileum together measure about

A six meter

B eight mete

C nine meter

D ten meter

E eleven meter
Ans: A (6m) snell: abdomen II

83. The upper left part of abdominal cavity is occupied by

a. Liver

b. Duodenum

c. Jejunum

d. Ileum

e. Appendix

Answer. C / A whichever one you think is right

84. Pain of appendicitis is felt in the

a. Right hypochondrium

b. Left hypochondrium

c. Epigastric region

d. Right iliac fossa

e. Left iliac fossa

ANS: D (located here, also pain could be felt at umbilical region , but its not in option)

85. Appendix is a worm shaped tube that arise from the medial side of the
A stomach

B esophagus

C transverse colon

D descending colon

E cecum
Ans: E

86. The sigmoid colon is the continuation of

A. ileum

B. ascending colon

C. transverse colon
D. descending colon
E. Cecum
Ans: D

87. Which of the following parts of GIT is retroperitonea?

A stomach

B jejunum

C ileu

D ascending colon
E transverse colon
ans : D helpful mnemonic
S - suprarenal gland

A-aorta

D-duodenum( except for 1st part)

P- pancreas

U-ureter
C-colon (ascending +descending)

K-kidney

E-esophagus
R-rectum

88 . The duodenojejunal flexure is held in place by

a. Ligament of treitz
b. Falciform ligament

c. Greater omentum

d. Lesser omentum
e. Spleno-renal ligament

Answer : A (ligament of treitz is attached from diaphragm to the duodenojejunal flexure)

89. Jejunum differ from ileum in that jejunum has

a. Develops from foregut

b. Less vascularity
[Link] lymphoid tissue
d. Thin wall
e. Wider lumen
Ans E ( jejunum is more vascular, thicker walled and have larger lumen than ileum )

90. The portal triad is related to which of the fill structure?

a. Liver

b. Pancreas

c. Salivary glands

d. Spleen

e. Stomach

Answer. A

91. The esophagus is a muscular organ which is about?

a. 25cm

b. 30cm

c. 35cm

d.40cm

e.45 cm
Answer. A

92. Length of abdominal part of esophagus is.

a.1.25cm

b. 2.50cm

c.3.50cm

d.4.50cm

e.5.50cm

Answer A

93. In case of acute inflammation of vermiform appendix, initially the referred pain will be felt in the following region?

a. Left lumbar region

b. Umbilical region

[Link] lumbar region

d..epigastric region

[Link] region

Answer. B

94. The suprarenal gland make up the anterior relation of

a. Ureter

b. Urinary bladder

[Link]

d. Pancreas

e. Spleen

Answer C (page. 380 snell)

95. Renal artery arise from the aorta at the level of

a. L1 vertebrae

b. . L2 vertebrae

c. L3 vertebrae

d. L4 vertebrae

e. L5 vertebrae

Answer B ( snell page 381 topic kidney)

96. Each ureter measures about

a. 30cm

b. 25cm

c. 35cm

d. 37cm

e. 40cm

Answer. B
97. The arterial supply of middle portion of ureter in male is from

a. Renal artery mainly

b. Superior vesicle artery

c. Testicular artery

d. Inferior vesicle artery

Answer. C

98. When caudal ends of both kidneys are fused, the condition is called

a. Polycystic kidney

b. Pelvic kidney

c. Horseshoe kidney

d. Wilms tumor

e. Multicystic kidney

Answer. C

99. Nephron is the functional unit of

a. Ureter

b. Kidney

c. Testes

d. Ovary

e. Urethra

Answer. B

100..Right kidney lies lower than left kidney because of the

a)liver

b)pancreas

c)spleen

d)stomach

e)duodenum

Ans..A

101..what are the modifications of the muscularis externa that is seen in large intestine?

a)tenia coli

b) crypts of lieberkuhn

c) plica circularis

d)striated border

e) epiploic appendices

Ans ... A

102..the innermost layer of git is

a)epithelial lining

b) muscularis mucosae
c) submucosa

d) muscularis externa

e ) serosa

Ans...A

103...Regarding anal canal the length of anal canal is

a)2cm

b) 4cm

c) 8cm

d) 12cm

e) 14cm

Ans...B

104...insulin is secreted by which of the following structure

a) liver

b) pancreas

c) duodenum

d) spleen

e) stomach

Ans...B

105....cholecystectomy is the term used for the removal of

a) stomach

b) liver

c) pancreas

d) gall bladder

e) duodenum

Ans...D

106...the muscularis externa of esophagus consists of both smooth and skeletal muscle in

a) upper third

b) lower fourth

c) lower third

d) middle third

e) upper fourth

Ans...D

107...which of the following has striated muscle component in the wall

a) stomach

b) duodenum

c) jejunum

d) esophagus
e) rectum

Ans..D

108...regarding gut motility it is increased by the

a) parasympathetic nervous system

b) sympathetic nervous system

c) coelic ganglion mainly

d) superior mesenteric ganglion

e) inferior mesenteric ganglion

Ans...A

109. Regarding gut,the payer's patches are present in the

a) stomach

b) jejunum

c) colon

d) duodenum

e) ileum

Ans..E

110 Which one of the following is lined by transitional epithelium

A. Uterus

B. Stomach

C. Esophagus

D. Ureters

E. Diaphragm

Answer. D

111 The proximal convoluted tubule is lined by

A. Simple squamous epithelium

B. Simple cuboidal epithelium

C. Simple columnar epithelium

D. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

E. Transitional epithelium

Answer. B

112 The ventral mesentry of foregut gives rise to

A. Spleen

B. Gastrosplenic ligament

C. Gastrorenal ligament

D. Falciform ligament

E. Greater omentum

Answer. D

113. The parenchyma of liver is derived from

A. Mesoderm

B. Ectoderm
C. Endoderm

D. Neuroblast cells

E. Hypoblast

Answer. C

114. The connective tissue part of pancreas is derived from

A. Endoderm

B. Hypoblast

C. Neural crest cells

D. Mesoderm

E. Ectoderm

Answer. D

115. The lesser omentum is derived from

A. Ventral mesentary

B. Dorsal mesentery

C. Greater omentum

D. Mesoncolon

E. Mesentery of ileum

Answer. A

116. The intermediate mesoderm helps in the development of

a. Stomach

b. Duodenum

c. Kidneys

d. Rectum

e. Appendix

Answer. C

117. The ureteric bud helps in the development of

a. Nephron

b. Glomerulus

c. Collecting ducts

d. Bowman's capsule

e. Metanephric blastema

Answer. C

118. Bowmans capsule is a part of

a. Upper part of ureter

b. Lower part of ureter

c. Urinary bladder

d. Nephron

e. Urethra

Answer. D
119. Which of the following is function unit of kidney

a. Renal artery

b. Renal vein

c.. Nephron

d. Pelvis of ureter e. Medulla

Answer C

120. Structure derived from midgut is

a. Liver

b. Pancreas

c. Stomach

d. Sigmoid colon

e. Appendix

Answer. E (liver, stomach, pancreas are all from foregut and sigmoid colon from hindgut)

Credits
Omama Arshad , Tazmeen Malik , Hifza Atta , Hania kalsoom , Wiaam Sher , Diva Roshan , Sehba Iqbal , Abeera
Shahid , Arooba Hameed , Gul mala Fida , Farwa Aftab , Kainat , Arshmaan Jawad, Wadana Zafar.

(KMC , Batch 2025)