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Final Exam - Road construction
soil embankment (Institute of Technology of Cambodia)
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វិទ្យាស្ថានបច្ចេកវិទ្យាកម្ពជា
ុ
Institute of Technology of Cambodia
Faculty of Hydrology of Water Resources Engineering
Final Exam
Road Construction
Lecturer : Dr. LONG BORITH
Student : TANG Eangthay
ID : e20170922
I4_WRI(B)
2020-2021
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TANG EANGTHAY ROAD CONSTRUCTION E20170922
Final Exam
1. The major type of highway and its characteristic:
• Free way:
▪ Free way
▪ Express way
• High way
▪ Arterial
▪ Bypass
▪ Major street
• Local street or Road
Describe its characteristic:
• Freeway and expressway
▪ Design for safer high-speed operation
▪ Prevent access to and from adjacent properties
▪ Eliminate cross traffic through the use of interchange and grade
separation
• Highway
▪ Major boards intended for travel by the public between importance
destinations such as cities.
▪ Partially prevent access to and from adjacent properties
▪ Interchanges and grade separation might be used
• Local street or Road
▪ Provide access to properties
▪ Low-speed operation
▪ Cross streets controlled by signalization or stop/yield sigh.
2. Sight distance is a length of highway that a driver needed to be able to see clearly.
It’s importance for diver on a highway to see for enough down the highway to
recognize an objected in the part and react appropriately to avoid a crash.
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TANG EANGTHAY ROAD CONSTRUCTION E20170922
The are 4 types of sight distance
• Passing sight distance
• Stopping sight distance
• Decision Sight distance
• Intersect/corner sight distance
3. The pavements are a structure consisting of superimposed layers of processed
material about natural soil sub-grade whose primary function is to distribution the
applied vehicles load to the sun-grand the pavement should be able to provide a
surface of an acceptable riding quality, adequate skid resistance, favorable light
reflect characteristic and low noise pollution.
There are 3 types of pavements
• Flexible pavement
• Rigid pavement
• Composite pavement (Flexible and rigid pavement)
4. Compare between rigid pavement and flexible pavement.
• Flexible pavement
▪ Deep foundations / multi-layer construction
▪ Energy consumption due to transportation materials.
▪ Increasing cast of asphalt due to high oil prices.
• Rigid pavement
▪ Single layer
▪ Generally last longer
▪ May require asphalt topping due to noise / comfort issues
▪ More economic when considering environmental / life cycle casting.
5. Flexible pavement:
• Advantages
▪ Adjusts to limit differential settlement
▪ Easily repaired
▪ Additional thickness added anytime
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TANG EANGTHAY ROAD CONSTRUCTION E20170922
▪ Nonskid properties don’t deteriorate
▪ Quieter and smoother
▪ Tolerates a greater range of temperatures
• Disadvantage
▪ Loses some flexibility and cohesion with time
▪ Need resurfacing sooner than PCC
▪ Not normally chosen where water is expected
Rigid pavement
• Advantages
▪ Good durability (Loss maintains)
▪ Long service life (Last much longer)
▪ Withstand repeated flooding and surface water without deterioration
• Disadvantages
▪ May lose non- skid surface with time
▪ Need even sub grade with uniform settling
▪ May fault at transvers joints
▪ Required frequent joint maintains
6. Determine the slab thickness of a flexible pavement for an urban highway using
AASHTO method
Given:
ESAL = 5 106
R = 95%
S0 = 0.4
PSI = 2
M r = 6, 000 psi
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TANG EANGTHAY ROAD CONSTRUCTION E20170922
From Nomograph, SN=4.75
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TANG EANGTHAY ROAD CONSTRUCTION E20170922
Base on Nomograph
SN1=2.9
SN2=3.55
SN3=4.75
Minimum surface thickness:
D1= 2.9/0.4 = 7.25in
Using 8 inches for the thickness of the surface course D1*
D1*=8in
SN1* = a1D1 = 0.4 8 = 3.2
Minimum base thickness:
SN 2 − SN1* 3.55 − 3.2
D
*
2.91in
0.15 0.8
2
a2 m2
Using 3 inches for the thickness of the surface course D2*
D2*=3in
SN 2* = a2 D2* m2 + SN1* = 0.15 3 0.8 + 3.2 = 3.56
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TANG EANGTHAY ROAD CONSTRUCTION E20170922
Minimum subbase thickness:
SN3 − SN 2* 4.75 − 3.56
D
*
19.83in
0.1 0.6
3
a3m3
Using 20 inches for the thickness of the surface course D3*
D3*=20in
SN 3* = a3 D3*m3 + SN 2* = 0.1 20 0.6 + 3.56 = 4.76
Therefore: SN3 = 4.76 SN (need ) = 4.75 , it’s enough to protect the layers.
*
Thus: the thickness of a flexible pavement for an urban highway using AASHTO
D1= 8 inches (surface)
D2= 3 inches (course)
D3=20 inches (subbase)
7. Determining the slab thickness of a rigid concrete HW pavement using AASHTO
method.
Given:
keff = 100 pci
W18 = 5 106 ESALs
Elastic modulus of concrete (Ec) = 5 106 lb/in2
Modulus of rupture (S’c) = 650 lb/in2
Load transfer coefficient (J) = 3
Drainage coefficient (Cd) = 1.0
Design Reliability = 95% (ZR = 1.645)
Overall Standard deviation (S0)= 0.4
Initial serviceability index (Pi) = 4.5
Terminal serviceability = (Pt) = 2.5
Design Serviceability Loss ( PSI ) = Pi - Pt = 2
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TANG EANGTHAY ROAD CONSTRUCTION E20170922
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TANG EANGTHAY ROAD CONSTRUCTION E20170922
Base on Nomograph, the slab thickness D=9.6in
Using D=10in
Thus: the slab thickness of a rigid concrete HW pavement D=10inches
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