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Teamwork
What is the difference between
A Team and A Group
Committed to shared goals Committed to individual goals
Contributes to procedures Waits for procedures
Climate of cooperation Climate of competition
Open and honest with each other Careful and cautious with what they say
Conflict is constructive Conflict easily escalates
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What is a Team?
Unit of 2 or more people
Interact or coordinate their
work
To accomplish a specific
goal
A Team-Effectiveness Model
Caveat 1: This is a general guide only.
Caveat 2: The model assumes that
teamwork is preferable to individual work.
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Formal Teams
Vertical - composed of a manager and subordinates,
sometimes called functional or command teams.
Horizontal - composed of employees from the same
hierarchical level but from different areas of expertise.
Cross-functional team, task force or committee.
Special-Purpose - created outside the formal
organization for special projects and disband once
project is completed. Fast-cycle teams.
Horizontal and Vertical Teams
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Self-Directed Teams
Employees with several skills and functions
Given access to various resources
Empowered with decision making authority
Teams in the New Workplace
• Virtual teams- consist of geographically or
organizationally dispersed members linked via
technology
• Global teams- cross-border teams made up of
members from different nationalities
– intercultural
– virtual
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Size of Teams
Ideal size is thought to be 7
Variations of from 5 to 12 typically are associated with good team
performance
Small teams (2-4 members) show more agreement, ask more questions
Large teams (12 or more) tend to have more disagreements; subgroups form,
conflicts among them occur
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Teamwork and personality
• People with a balance between competitive and
cooperative goals can work in team
• People with no cooperative goals do not believe
in teamwork
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Teamwork and culture
It more common in the Asian cultures while is
rare among American cultures
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Stages of Team Development
Team Performance
Performing
Norming De-Norming
Storming De-Storming
Forming De-Forming
Time
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Forming stage
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Why Individuals Are Attracted to Groups?
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Storming stage
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Conflict
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Individual Conflict Styles
High Competition Collaboration
aggression
/ energy
Concern for Self Compromise
Low
aggression Avoidance Accommodation
/ energy
Low cooperation Concern for Other High cooperation
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Causes of Team Conflict
Scarce Resources
Communication breakdown
Personality clashes
Goal differences
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Performing stage
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Factors which influence work
groups performance
1. The level of work group cohesiveness
2. The performance goals set by the group
3. The degree of agreement between group
performance goals and organizational performance
goals.
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25
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Coming together is a beginning
Working together is progress
While
Staying together is success
Henry Ford
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