PRACTICE PROBLEMS L ier chlorate on decomposing produced “ ygen a A sam chloride. What is the value of x? g of potassium chloride. 2, A metal forms two oxides. The higher oxide contains 80% metal. 0.72 g of the lower oxide gave 0.8 g of the higher oxide when oxidized. Show that the data illustrates the law of multiple proportions. 3. Carbon forms two gaseous oxides. One of these oxides contains 42.8% carbon while the other contains 27.27% carbon. Explain which of the laws of chemical combination this data illustrates. State this law. 4. If 6.3 g of NaHCO, are added to 15 g of CH,COOH solution, and the products are found to weigh 18.0 g- What mass of CO, is released in the reaction? 0.17 g of ammonia on decomposition gave 0.14 g of nitrogen and rest hydrogen. What will be the volume of hydrogen evolved at S.T.P.? 6. 0.579 g of a gaseous hydrocarbon on complete combustion with air gave 1.76 8 of CO, and 0.90 g of H,0. Show that the data illustrates the law of conservation of mass. 7. On analysis it was found that the black oxide of copper and red oxide of copper contain 79.9% and 88.8% of copper respectively. Show that this data is in accordance with law of multiple proportions. 8. Sulphur and oxygen are known to form two compounds. The sulphur content in one of these is 50.0% while in the other is 40.0%. Show that this data is in agreement with the law of multiple gt proportions. 9. Mass of copper oxide obtained by treating 2.16 g of metallic copper with HNO, and subsequent ignition was 2.70 g. In another experiment 1.15 g of copper oxide on reduction yielded 0.92 g of copper. Show that these results jllustrate the law of constant composition? 10. Aluminium carbide contains 75% of Al, aluminium oxide contains 52.9% of Al and carbon dioxide contains 27.27% of C. Show that these figures illustrate the law of reciprocal proportions.i a . What is the significance of word ‘average’ in the definition of atomic mass? Why do atomic masses of most of the elements in atomic mass units involve fractions? The relative abundance of various isotopes of silicon is as: Si-28 = 92.28%, Si-29 = 4.67% and S$i-30 = 3.10%. What is the average atomic mass of silicon? Boron has two isotopes, B-10 and B-11. The average atomic mass of boron is found to be 10.80 u. Calculate the percentage of abundance of these isotepes. ot Ge ms “Saas Gees coos Goo Gen Gee ee: comes comet ee aa a a . ~-------- al ~ 5. In naturally occurring neon, the eee | abundance of various isotopes is as follows: 2°Ne = 0.9051; ?4Ne = 0.0027; 2Ne = 0.0922. What is the atomic mass of neon?“PRAU LIL PROBLEMS: 1, Calculate the number of gram-atom and gram- * molecule in 48 g of oxygen. 9, Calculate the mass of (i) 2 g-molecule of sulphuric acid; (H,SO,), (ii) 0.5 g-molecule of iodine, (iii) 1.5 g-molecule of sucrose (C,.H,,0,,).VIOL PROBLEMS me SET -13. . eee OT . ; ~ . ,, What is the molar mass of a gas if 1.00 L of the gas * weighs 1.50 g at 273 K and one atmosphere pressure ? 9, What is the mass of one mole electrons? Mass of one electron is 9.11 x 10-*! kg. 3. What is the molar volume of water at 273 K? Density of water = 1.00 gcm™.ae _PROBLEMS | 1. 6.02 x 102° molecules of a substance weigh 44 mg. What is the molar mass of the substance? 2. Which has more atoms; 1.0 g of hydrogen or 1.0 g of carbon? 3. How much sulphuric acid (H,SO from 5 kg of pure sulphur (8, 4. Two flasks A and B of equal capacity contain 10 g of oxygen and 10 g of ozone (O ) respect flask will have more number Of O momiay Which one will have more number of molecules 9 d which 4) can be obtained5. How are 0.50 mol Na,CO, and 0.50 M Na,CO, different? 6. A complex of iron contains 45.6% iron by mass. Find out the number of iron atoms in 5.00 g of this complex. 7. What mass of CO, will contain same number of atoms as are contained in 20 g of oxygen? | 8. What mass of carbon is present in 147.2 g of potassium ferrocyanide? 9. Calculate the number of water molecules in a drop of water weighing 0.05 g. If the drop evaporates in one hour, how many water molecules leave the liquid surface in one second? 10. Two flasks of equal capacity contain NH, and SO, gas respectively under similar conditions. Which flask has (i) more no. of mole, (ci) more mass of the gas, (iii) more number of atoms. iL. Find out number of hydrogen atoms in 3.42 g of sucrose (C,,H,,0,,). 12. Which of the following weighs the most? (i) 20 g of iron (ii) 0.1 gram-atom of silver (ii) 5 gram-atom of nitrogen (iv) 3.01 x 1073 atoms of sulphur. 13. Calculate mass of silver (at. mass = 108) that contains same number of atoms as are present in 5.6 g of iron (at. mass = 56). What is the mass of one w (unified mass) in gram? ae - Calculate the number of molecules of hydration and number of Cl atoms in 107.0 g of barium chlorate, Ba(ClO,), . H,O. (At. mass Ba = 137). 16. 0.005 cm thick coating of silver is deposited on a plate of 0.5 m? area. Calculate the number of silver atoms deposited on the plate. Atomic mass of Ag is 108 and its density is 7.9 g cm. 17. What volume of carbon tetrachloride (CCl,) having density 1.5 g cm~ contains 1 x 1025 Cl atoms?PMA fies PROBLEMS 1. A chemical compound is found to have the following composition: K = 42.5%; Fe = 15.2% ; C = 19.5% and N = 22.8%. Calculate the simplest formula of the compound. 2. An organic compound on analysis is found to have the following composition: C = 41.4% ; H = 5.75%; N= 16.08% and rest is oxygen. Find out the empirical formula of the compound. 1.615 g of an anhydrous salt was placed in moist air. After a few days it was found to be 2.875 g. Assuming that complete hydration has taken place, calculate the simplest formula of hydrated salt. The composition of anhydrous salt is Zn = 40.6%; S = 19.8%; O = 39.6%. 4. A hydrocarbon contains 85.7% C. If 42 mg of the compound contains 3.01 x 102° molecules, what is the molecular formula of the compound? 15.00 gm of a compound Na,SO, . xH,O contains 2.36 x 10°3 H,O molecules. Find ouit the value of x. What is the empirical formula of the mineral having the composition CaO = 48%, P,O, = 41.3%; CaCl, = 10.7%? 7. The percentage composition of Mohr’s salt is as follows Fe = 14.32%; NH,* = 9.20%, SO,? = 49%; Rest being water of crystalisation. Find the empirical formula of Mohr’s salt. 8. An organic compound was found to have contained carbon = 40.65%, hydrogen = 8.55% and nitrogen = 23.7%. Its vapour density was found to be 29.5. What is the molecular formula of the compound ? 9. An organic compound has the following percentage composition C = 12.36%; H = 2.13%; Br = 85%. Its V.D. is 94. Find its molecular formula. 10. A compound contains 32% carbon, 4% hydrogen and rest oxygen. Its vapour density is 75. Calculate the empirical and molecular formula. 11. An organic compound contains C, H and O elements. 1.8 g of the compound on combustion gave 2.64 g of ca =12. 13. 15. carbon dioxide and 1.08 g of water. Obtain the empirical formula of the compound. Acrystalline salt on being rendered anhydrous loses 46% of its mass. The percentage composition of anhydrous salt is: ° Al = 10.50%, K = 15.1%, S = 24.8%, O = 49.6%. Find the simplest formula of the anhydrous and crystalline salt. Calculate the empirical formula of a compoun whose percentage composition is: C = 21.9%, H = 4.6%, Br = 73.4%. . An acid of molecular mass 104 contains 34.6% carbon, 3.85% hydrogen and the rest is oxygen. Calculate the molecular formula of the acid. A compound contains 4.07% hydrogen, 24.27% carbon and 71.65% chlorine. Its molar mass is 98.96 g. What are its empirical and molecular formulas? (NCERT Textbook Solved Problem) LET RN ta3. In the commercial manufacture of nitric acid, how many moles of NO, produce 7.33 mol of HNO, in og) + H,O@) ——> 2HNO, + the reaction; 3NO NOw). . Zine and hydrochloric acid react according to the reaction: Zn(s) + 2ZHC\Kag) ——> ZnCl,(aq) + H,(g) added to hydrochloric acid If 0.30 mol Zn are les of H, are containing 0.52 mol HCl, how many mo produced ? 3. Chlorine is prepared according to the react: 4HCl(aq) + MnO,(s) —> 2H,00 + MnCl, (aq) + Clg) eact with 5.0 g of of Mn = 55) ion: How many grams of HCl r manganese dioxide? (At. massPRACTIC PROBLEMS SET - 1.12 0.6 mol of Cu,S is roasted in excess of oxygen to yield Cu and SO,, according to reaction. Cu,S +O, —— 2Cu +, SO, Calculate the mass of Cu formed. What mass of 60% HCl (by mass) is required to completely react with 0.2 mol of zinc and what volume of H, will be produced at S.T.P.? The reaction is Zn + 2HCl——> ZnCl, + H,. 10.0 g of CaCO, are treated with a solution of hydrochloric acid. 1.12 litre of CO, are produced at S.T.P. Find out the number of moles of HCI in the solution. 80 g of H, are reacted with 80 g of O, to form water. Find out the mass of water obtained. Which substance is the limiting reagent? What mass of P,O,, will be obtained from the reaction of 1.33 g of P, and 5.07 g of oxygen?10. . How many gram of hydrogen chloride, HCl are required to prepare 4 litre of 5 M HCI in water? . A sulphuric acid solution contains 98% of H,SO, by mass. Calculate the molarity of this solution, given that its density is 1.84 g cm™. . 3.0 litre of water are added to 2.0 litre of 5 M HCl. What is the molarity of HCl in the resuitant solution ? . How much NaOH is required to prepare 50 mL of aqueous solution with 70 mg of Na* ions per mL of the solution? _ A solution is prepared by dissolving 2.0 g of NaOH in distilled water to give 250 mL of the solution. Calculate the molarity of solution. . How many mol and how many gram of NaOH are present in 100 mL of 0.20 M NaOH solution? _ 190 mL of 10 M HClare diluted with distilled water to a volume of 2 litre. Find out molarity of the resultant solution. . Commercially available HBr solution contains 48% HBr by mass. What is the molarity of this solution? The density of solution is 1.50 g cm aa . In a reaction vessel 0.184 g of NaOH is required to be added for completing the reaction. How many millilitre of 0.150 M NaOH should be added for this requirement ? Calculate the volume of 1.00 mol L-! aqueous sodium hydroxide that is neutralised by 200 mL of 2.00 mol L. * aqueous hydrochloric acid and the mass of sodium chloride produced. Neutralisation reaction is, NaOH\ag) + HCKag) - NaClaq) + H,OW).PRACTICE PROBLEMS — 4, Asample of sulphuric acid is 98% by mass and has a density equal to 1.84 g em. How much volume of this solution be taken to prepare 5.0 L of 0.50 M H,S0,? 2, What maximum volume of 3 M solution of KOH can be prepared from 1 L each of 1 M KOH and 6 M KOH solutions: (i) without adding water; (ii) by using water? 3. How much water should be added to 2.5 litre of 5.0M HINO, to make 2.5 M HNO,? 4. How many grams of Cl, is produced from 15.8 g of KMn0O, and 50 mL of 10 M HCI according to the reaction 2KMnO, + 16HC1 ——> 2KCl + 2MnCl, + 8H,0 + 5Cl,? 5. 25 cm of 0.2 M solution of metal chloride (MC1,) reacted with 150 em? of 0.1 M AgNO, completely to form the precipitate of AgCl. What is the formula of metal chloride? 6. In order to find the strength of a sample of H,SO,, 10 g of it were taken and a piece of marble weighing 7g placed in it. When the reaction is ceased, the marble piece was removed dried and was found to weigh 2.2 g. What is percent strength of sulphuric acid? 7. 1.2 g of Mg was dropped in 100 mL of 0.1 M HCl solution. Calculate the volume of Hy obtained at S.T.P. 8. 40 mL of 0.5 N HCl, 60 mL of 0.5 N H,SO, and 100 mL of 0.2 N HNO, are mixed together. What is the normality of the resulting solution? SET - 1.14