‫‪COMPARISION‬‬

‫‪OF DUCTILE IRON‬‬

‫‪PIPES Vs MILD‬‬
‫‪STEEL PIPE‬‬

‫ڕاپۆرتێکى زانستى ئەندازیاریە‬

‫بۆ مەبەستی بەرزکردنەوی پلەی‬
‫ئەندازیاری‬
‫لە ) ڕێپێدراوە بۆ ڕاوێژکار(‬

‫پێشکەش کار‪ :‬نصير لطيف حسن‬

‫پلەی ئەندازیاری‪ :‬ڕێپێدراو‬
‫ژمارەی ئەندامیەتی‪05147:‬‬

‫‪2024‬‬
COMPARISION OF DUCTILE IRON
PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

Introduction
This report is my presentation at the General
Directorate of Water and Sanitation in February
2017, during it I represent a comparison between
ductile pipes and mild steel pipes in terms of
physical and chemical properties, connection
methods, as well as life cycle, and also energy
saving when using electric pumps for transporting
water.

PRESENTATION BY: Eng. NASEER LATEEF HASAN

2/27/17 1
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE
1. Mechanical Strength & Toughness :
 DI Pipe High as the tensile strength of DI is
4200kg/cm2.
 MS has comparatively low i.e. 4100 kg/cm2.
2. Pipe Laying :
 DI pipe laying is simple and even relatively unskilled can
lay pipes at faster output.
 MS Pipe laying requires skilled labor along with technical
supervision for pipe laying and jointing.
3. Joint Installation:
 DI Pipe - Simple to install joint.
 MS Pipe - Welded joints require skilled installer and
special equipment. It is difficult to protect welded
joints from inside which remains vulnerable.
2/27/17 2
COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

4. Pipe Joint Deflection (Higher Angular Deflection):

 DI pipe joint provides higher angular deflection

than any other system. Angular deflection ranges
from 3˚-5˚ per joint depending on the size of the
pipe.
This angular deflection can occur at every joint along
the pipeline(6m). It’s easy to make horizontal
changes to follow the topographical features of the
terrain, compared to two lengths of steel pipe
(27m),DI pipe provides 12˚-20˚ of angular
deflection, without fittings or field cutting. (See
example in next slides)

 MS Pipe – not possible due to rigid pipe joint.

2/27/17 3
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

5. Corrosion Protection, Inside and Outside :

 DI Pipe is coated with an integral maintenance free

zinc coating system. This system acts as a sacrificial
anode, providing cathodic protection for the
pipeline. The result is a longer life for the pipeline,
even in corrosive environments. The DI system does
not require any additional installation steps or
ongoing installation. This is an active system that
even self protects against corrosion occurring from
scratches associated with backfill procedures.
 MS Pipe typically begins rusting before delivery. Zinc
anodes are often added during installation in an effort
to increase the life expectancy span of the pipe.
Besides being an added cost, the subsequent
protection given on corroded pipes is not effective
and peels of easily in a few years.
2/27/17 4
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

6. Fire Safety:

 DI pipe joint requires no welding. The absence

of high heat and flame result in no chance of
fire. Many hotels and resorts are on forest land
and must abide by strict regulations associated
with these forests.

 MS Pipeline projects that require welding can be

shut down due to windy conditions and fire hazard.
More importantly, the ignition of wildlife can lead
to catastrophic loss of resort assets.

2/27/17 5
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

7. Lifecycle Cost:

 The cement mortar lining and zinc coating used with

DI pipe provides twice the design life of steel pipe. In
virtual every case, over the total life of the system.
The annual cost required to install a DI pipe system
will be lower than the annual cost to install a steel
pipe system. Even given the higher material cost of
DI pipe system, the DI pipe system will have a lower
annual investment cost. The life expectancy of MS
pipe system is 25 years, while the life expectancy of
DI pipe system is approximately 50 years (or longer.
It has been observed in more than 600 water utilities
in the U.S.A & France. have DI pipe in the ground
serving continuously for more than 100 years). This
type of smart money management frees up capital
for other projects
2/27/17 6
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

8. Operational Efficiency:

 DI pipe joint significantly reduces the annual

maintenance costs normally associated with aging
steel pipe. During the aging process of steel, leaks
and blowouts become more frequent leading to
emergency repairs and increased maintenance cost.
The blowouts are unpredictable in location and
timing and commonly occur during peak flows and
high pressures when ambient temperatures are
best
for snow making.

2/27/17 7
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE
9.1 Impact Of Overhead AC power lines

-(Stray Current Corrosion)

 Because buried DI pipelines are electrically
discontinuous and are essentially grounded for
their entire length, overhead AC power lines
normally do not impose corrosion or safety
concerns.

A consequence of AC power lines and buried

pipelines sharing rights-of-way is that AC voltages &
currents can be induced by magnetic induction on
the pipelines. The magnitude of the induced voltage
& current on the pipe line is a function of a number
of variables, including the length of pipeline
paralleling the AC power line, the longitudinal
resistance of the pipeline and resistance of the
pipeline coating.

2/27/17 8
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE
9.2 Impact Of Overhead AC power lines

-(Stray Current Corrosion)

DI pipes is manufactured in nominal 6 & 9 m lengths
and employs a gasketed jointing system. These
rubber-gasketed joints offer electrical resistance that
can vary from a fraction of an ohm to several ohms but
never the less is sufficient for DI pipelines to be
considered electrically discontinuous. In effect the
rubber-gasket joints normally segment the pipe,
restricting its electrically continuous length and prevent
magnetic induction from being a problem. Also, in
most cases, DI pipelines are installed bear with only a
standard 1-mill asphaltic coating and therefore and
effectively grounded for their entire length, which
further prevents magnetic induction on the pipeline.
2/27/17 9
COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

10. Hazen- William co-efficient:

 DI pipes – have high Hazen-William co-efficient i.e.,

140.It means the DI pipe is having more discharge
carrying capacity for the same diameter of MS
pipes. Due to high ‘C’ value, there is low friction
losses, which result in substantial saving in the
energy cost and ultimately the running cost of the
system
 MS pipes - have low Hazen-William co-efficient i.e.,
100. It means that MS pipe is having less discharge
carrying capacity for the same diameter of DI pipes.
The low ‘C’ value results in the increase of frictional
losses, which results in substantial increase in the
energy cost and running cost of the system

2/27/17 10
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

11. Pipe Fitting Availability:

 DI pipes – Complete range of standard fittings

are available in all sizes.
 MS Pipes – The retrospective installation of fittings
/ repairs may be difficult, if nonstandard sizes are
used.

12. Resistance To Tempering by Antisocial

Elements:
 DI pipes – Excellent. Tempering is very difficult
 MS pipes - Tempering is very easy

2/27/17 11
 COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

13. Behavior Of Pipeline Likelihood Of Interruption

Due To Leakage, Bursting etc. And Time For
Repairs:

 DI pipe joint – Very good, as there is no possibility

of bursting.

 MS Pipe joint – Fair, as bursting has been noticed

in the past.
14. Structural strength For External Loads:
 DI pipe – Very good in external load, good
impact resistance
 Fair, buckles under heavy load

2/27/17 12
COMPARISION OF
DUCTILE IRON PIPES Vs MILD STEEL PIPE

15. Cost :

 DI pipes - Relatively cheaper considering the various

aspect such as corrosion protection system, surge
and water hammer pressure, placing, laying,
jointing time, manpower etc.

 MS pipes – Relatively higher considering the various

aspect such as corrosion protection system, surge
and water hammer pressure, placing, laying,
jointing time, manpower etc.

2/27/17 13
Procedure of DI Pipe Push On Joint Assembly

Step 1. Thoroughly clean out the bell with special attention to the gasket
recess. Remove any foreign material or excess paint.
Clean the spigot or beveled plain end and remove any sharp edges
with a standard file.

Step 2. After making sure that the correct gasket is being used, insert
it into the recess in the bell with the small end of the gasket
facing the bell face.

Step 3A, 3B. Apply lubricant to the inside surface only of the gasket,
making sure that the entire surface is coated. Apply a generous
coating of lubricant to the beveled portion of the plain end.

Step 4. Guide the plain end into the bell and, while maintaining straight
alignment, push the plain end into the bell socket. Once the joint is
assembled, necessary deflection can be accomplished. When assembly
is complete, the bell face should be aligned between the two white
depth rings.

2/27/17 14
Procedure of DI Pipe Push On Joint Assembly

2/27/17 15
Push-On Joint Pipe –
Maximum Allowable Joint Deflection
Pipe Size Y Deflection Approx. Radius
Deg. X of Curve
in mm deg in mm Ft m

4 100 5° 21* 533 230* 70

6 150 5° 19 483 205 62
8 200 5° 19 483 205 62
10 250 5° 19 483 205 62
12 300 5° 19 483 205 62
14 350 4° 15 381 260 79
16 400 4° 15 381 260 79
18 450 3° 11 280 340 104
20 500 3° 11 280 340 104
24 600 3° 11 280 340 104
30 750 3° 11 280 340 104
36-‐40 900 3° 11 280 340 104

*20 ft. length 16

DI Pipe – Example of Joint Deflection

Washout - Amherst, Nova Scotia, 1999

The pipe stayed in operation despite over deflection
of the joints
2/27/17 17
SAVINGS IN PUMPING COSTS

2/27/17 18
 CONCULSION

In our presentation above, it becomes clear to us that

ductile pipes have many advantages in a way that they can
be generally preferred over mild steel pipes, which gives
them priority for the engineer in choosing and using them,
especially in drinking water projects.

2/27/17 19
REFRENCES

-ISO 2531-2006 Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints
for water applications
- ISO 2531-2009 Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories
and their joints for water applications
-EN545-2010 Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and
their joints for water pipelines-Requirements and test
methods
-AWWA M11 steel pipe guide for design & installation
-PAM catalogues- Saint-Gobain PAM DI Pipes for
Water Supply and Sewerage Applications
-duktus catalogues DUCTILE IRON PIPE SYSTEMS