PASSI CITY COLLEGE
City of Passi, Iloilo
SCHOOL OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
National Service Training Program 2 - CWTS
Module 4
MODULE OVERVIEW:
There are some conditions that exists in the community which are
threatening the live of the people such poverty, unemployment, drug
addiction, prostitution, cybersex, child abuse, street children, squatting,
pollution etc.
MODULE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this modular unit, students must have:
1. identified social problems in the community;
2. formulated action plans that shall address social problems in the
community;
3. valued the importance of eliminating poverty.
MODULE CONTENT:
A. Social Problems in the Community
Poverty
Causes of Poverty
Types of Causes of Poverty
Eliminating Poverty
Module Content:
Activity Description Time
1 Overview
Interacted Discussion through 40 min.
2 Google-Meet Discussion Board
Discussion and Sharing/ 20 min.
Brainstorming
Tota 60 min.
l
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Discussion:
Poverty
There are many myths and stereotypes- and many theories exist
about the poor and the causes of poverty. It focuses on societal needs
and social forces as explained by sociologists. It is also defined as lack
of sufficient wealth (usually understood as capital, money, material
goods or resources, especially natural resources) to live what is
understood in society as a “normal life”. An example of a normal life is
when we are capable of raising a healthy family, by providing all the
basic needs, and especially educating children and participating in a
society.
Poverty is an outcome of longstanding conflicts between haves
and have-nots. It has an effect of limiting opportunities and justifying
social inequity. Thus, poverty is perpetuated through class
discrimination and unequal opportunities for upward mobility. Hence, it
is often strongly correlated with social problems such as crime,
disease, squatting, unemployment, homelessness, terrorism,
malnutrition and illiteracy. As a result, many societies employ social
workers form the Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD) and the National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC) to fight
poverty by variety of methods, which range from moral persuasion to
financial subsidy to physical coercion.
The following are the social, scientific and cultural disciplines
about poverty:
1. In economics. There are two kinds of poverty being
considered: the relative and absolute.
Absolute Poverty is defined in terms of cash income or expenditures in
food. Clothing and shelter.
The following are the situations of a family under absolute poverty:
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1. The family cannot afford to buy adequate and balanced diet food;
2. They cannot afford to buy at least 3 sets of clothing;
3. They cannot send their children even up to Grade VI;
4. They cannot attend to their medical needs, such as buying vitamins,
medicine for their illness;
5. They don’t pay attention to the sanitation of their families, home and
surroundings; and
6. They cannot pay their house rentals.
Relative poverty – it is defined in terms of median family income.
According to the national Economic Development Authority (NEDA), the
median family income can be determined by arranging the different
income ranges by increasing or decreasing order, then determine the
middle income level. People earning lower than the median family
income are considered poor.
2. In politics – the fight against poverty is usually regarded as
a social goal, and most governments have done so, through
active intervention in the form of housing plans, social
pensions, special job opportunities, or requirements.
3. In law – it is recognized as a mitigating factor for the
determination of punishment. Poverty is considered as one of
the causes of increased crime rates amongst the poor by
increasing their stress.
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4. In education - poverty affects the learning ability of the
pupils to effectively profit from the conducive learning
environment. No matter how much the teacher motivates, if
the children are hungry, no learning will take place. Pupils
coming from poor families, whose primary needs are not met
as described in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the need for a
stable home to live in, clothes to keep them warm and protect
them from the heat of the sun and regular meals, are
hampered in their ability to learn.
There is term used in education circles which states that “the
rich getting richer and the poor getting poorer and that is
called the Mathew Effect.’’
Causes of Poverty
Poverty is a political issue. People with the right-wing views often
consider it as related to laziness and population explosion.
Those who are of the leftists view poverty as related to social justice,
lack of opportunity in education, graft and corruption and unequal
distribution of wealth.
Types of Causes of Poverty
A. Individual
Poverty is explained by individual circumstances and/or
characteristics of poor people. Some examples are:
Status of Education, skills, experience and intelligence;
Health, handicap, and age;
Work orientation, time horizon, and culture of poverty; and
Discrimination, together with race and sex, etc.
B. Aggregate
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There are two types of the aggregate poverty and these are:
case and genetic.
1. Case - According to this theory, aggregate poverty is just the
sum of the individual poverty.
2. Generic – This is explained by general economy-wide
problems, such as:
Inadequate non-poverty employment opportunities;
Inadequate overall demand (macro problems, macro policy)
Low national income causes of poverty:
Eliminating Poverty
The following are the different measures that should be considered in
addressing the underlying causes of poverty:
1. Broaden access to education and technology among the
marginalized groups, and especially among girls and women.
If all citizens are educated and have developed their inherent
potentials or God-given talent, especially the women who have a
strong bearing on the well-being of their families, no one will become
poor.
2. Share the benefit of economic growth through an emphasis on
more widespread employment.
The government policies should consider not only aggregate economic
impact, but also the equal distribution of employment. Socially
responsive venture capital and micro credit initiatives can foster
employment-generating businesses that complement the local culture
and environment.
3. Rout out corruption, which harms society as a whole.
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What places a heavy cost on society is the effect of graft and
corruption, not only in the government but in businesses as well.
4. Improve government capacity to provide universal access to
essential goods and services, including potable water,
affordable food, primary health care, education, housing and
other social services.
Government should make a commitment to theses social welfare
programs. It is often politically difficult to raise adequate resources
through effective taxation and other mechanisms.
Non-government Organizations (NGOs) play also a vital role in the
actual provision of services by providing essential assistance and help
articulate a vision of a healthy society.
Worksheet No. 1
Direction: Explain each question thoroughly.
1. Define Poverty.
2. As a student, how will you able to address the problem of Poverty?
3. In your community, give one example of social problem? What is your
intervention for that as an NSTP student?
4. Why education is very important to solve the problem of Poverty?
Worksheet No. 2
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Direction: Identify the correct answer.
____________1. It is defined in terms of median family income.
____________2. It is an outcome of longstanding conflicts between haves
and have-nots.
____________3. Is defined in terms of cash income or expenditures in food,
clothing and shelter.
____________4. This is explained by general economy-wide problems.
____________5. According to this theory, aggregate poverty is just the sum
of individual poverty.
Worksheet No. 3
Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
1. Pupils coming from poor families, whose primary needs, are not met
as described in ____________________.
2. People with right-wing views often consider it as related to
____________ and ______________.
3. _______________ play also a vital role in the actual provision of
services by providing essential assistance and help articulate a vision
of a healthy society.
4. _____________ should consider not only aggregate economic impact,
but also the equal distribution of employment.
5. The rich is getting richer and the poor getting poorer and this is called
the ______________.
The following shall serve as a rubric in the evaluation of the student output:
Needs of Improvement (1-3 pts) Approaching Standards ( 5-7 pts) Good (8-9 pts) Excellent 10 pts
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Ideas and Content There is no clear or specific You put thought into this, What you are writing about What you are writing about
explanation in answer to but there is no real is clear. You answered the is clear and well-expressed,
the question. evidence of learning. More question. Some support including specific examples
specific information is may be lacking, or your to demonstrate what you
needed or you need to sentences may be a bit learned. Well done!
follow the directions more awkward. Overall, a decent
closely. job.
Use of terms No terms from the lesson Only one term from the Your answer included Your answer included all
are used. lesson is used in the several terms from the the terms from the lesson
answer. Try for a few more, lesson, demonstrating that applied to the question
next time. adequate understanding of asked. All terms are fully
the material. defined and used in the
proper context.
Sentence Fluency Sentences are incomplete Some sentences are Sentences are complete Sentences are complete
or too long. It makes complete and easy to and able to be understood. and they connect to one
reading them difficult. understand. Others require another easily when they
some work. are read out loud. Your
writing 'flows.'
Conventions Few end marks or capital Mistakes using end marks Use of punctuation marks
letters. Answers contain or capitals as well as and capitals, as well as No punctuation or
numerous spelling or spelling mistakes make the spelling, is mostly correct. structural mistakes. No
structural errors. writing hard to read. Few errors exist in your spelling errors. Your writing
answer. shows full awareness of the
rules of English use.
Reference/s: NSTP (National Development via National Service Training Program-CWTS 2)
Sonia Gasilla-Dela Cruz, Edeliza G. Dela Cruz, Paulino M. Mapue
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