Topic: State Accession Problems
Introduction:
• The British government announced the 3rd of June, 1947 in order to give independence
to India.
• That time there were 565 princely states in India, each and every state had three
options to choose A. INDIA. B. PAKISTAN. C. Independent status.
• Among these states, some states wanted to be the part of Pakistan but the Indian
government forcefully acceded them towards their side.
Conditions:
For the accession of the states the following conditions were set:
1. Geographical location may not be ignored.
2. The decision of accession will be according to the will of the people.
Junagarh:
• Junagarh announced its accession with Pakistan on 5 Sep 1947.
• The majority of the population was Hindus, but the ruler was a Muslim.
• India rejected the accession on the ground that the majority of the population is Hindu.
• India landed her troops on 7 Nov 1947 and took the control of the state.
Hyderabad:
• One of the main states of India its population was 1 crore 70 lac with area of 82692 sq
km.
• Hyderabad was ruled by Nizam at the time of partition.
• According to the 3rd June plan, Nizam wanted to remain independent.
• But India forcefully acceded Hyderabad with India.
• Pakistan condemned this act.
Jodhpur: Yet another prince, the Maharaja of Jodhpur, expressed a wish to join Pakistan
but Mountbatten warned him that his subjects were mostly Hindus and his accession to
Pakistan would create problems. As a result Jodhpur, too, acceded to India.
Kashmir:
• Raja Hari Singh was ruling Kashmir at the time of partition. Initially he decided to remain
independent, but then due to India`s pressure he announced his accession with India.
• The majority of the Kashmiri population was Muslim and they rejected the Maharaja's
decision. India landed her troops in Kashmir on [Link].1947. Pakistan also sent its
troops to protect the people and territory of Kashmir.
• In 1948 India took this issue to the United Nations, which sent an observation team to
Kashmir. The team proposed plebiscite in Kashmir.
• The UN Security Council passed two resolutions on 12th August 1948 and on 5th January
1949, which were accepted by both Pakistan and Indian Governments.
Following are the main points of those resolutions.
• A. war may be stopped immediately and a cease fire line may be drawn Jammu and
Kashmir and Azad Kashmir under the supervision of United Nations Commission.
• B. Both the governments may withdraw their troops from Kashmir.
• C. A referendum may be managed under the supervision of the United Nations.
• But India was and still not willing to accept these.
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