ATPL 062

Radionavigation

ILS
(Instrument Landing System)

80 Questions
Intentionally left blank.
 ATPL 062
Radionavigation

1. The amplitude modulation and the colour of an outer marker (OM) is:

A. 400 Hz, blue

B. 3000 Hz, blue
C. 1300 Hz, blue
D. 400 Hz, amber

2. What is the approximate angular coverage of reliable navigation information for

a 3° ILS glide path out to a distance of 10 NM?

A. 0.45° above the horizontal to 1.75° above the glide path and 8° each side of
the localiser centreline.
B. 1.35° above the horizontal to 5.25° above the horizontal and 8° each side of
the localiser centreline.
C. 0.7° above and below the glide path and 2.5° each side of the localiser
centreline.
D. 3° above and below the glide path and 10° each side of the localiser
centreline.

3. ILS is subject to false glide paths resulting from:

A. back-scattering of antennas.
B. spurious signals reflected by nearby obstacles.
C. multiple lobes of radiation patterns in the vertical plane.
D. ground returns ahead of the antennas.

4. A Category I Instrument Landing System (ILS) ground installation provides

accurate guidance from coverage limit down to:

A. 50 feet above ILS reference point.

B. 200 feet above the runway threshold.
C. runway surface.
D. 200 feet above the inner marker.

5. The reason why pre take-off holding areas are sometimes further from the
active runway when ILS Category 2 and 3 landing procedures are in progress
than during good weather operations is:

A. heavy precipitation may disturb guidance signals.

B. aircraft manoeuvring near the runway may disturb guidance signals.
C. to increase distance from the runway during offset approach operations.
D. to increase aircraft separation in very reduced visibility conditions.

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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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Radionavigation

6. An aircraft tracking to intercept the Instrument Landing System (ILS) localiser

inbound on the approach side, outside the published ILS coverage angle:

A. Will receive signals without identification coding.

B. Will not normally receive signals.
C. May receive false course indications.
D. Can expect signals to give correct indications.

7. The MIDDLE MARKER of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) facility is

identified audibly and visually by a series of:

A. alternate dots and dashes and an amber light flashing.

B. two dashes per second and a blue light flashing.
C. dots and a white light flashing.
D. dashes and an amber light flashing.

8. The OUTER MARKER of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) facility transmits

on a frequency of:

A. 300 MHz and is modulated by morse at two dashes per second.

B. 200 MHz and is modulated by alternate dot/dash in morse.
C. 75 MHz and is modulated by alternate dot/dash in morse.
D. 75 MHz and is modulated by morse at two dashes per second.

9. What approximate rate of descent is required in order to maintain a 3° glide

path at a groundspeed of 120 kt?

A. 550 FT/MIN
B. 600 FT/MIN
C. 800 FT/MIN
D. 950 FT/MIN

10. The outer marker of an ILS with a 3° glide slope is located 4.6 NM from the
threshold. Assuming a glide slope height of 50 FT above the threshold, the
approximate height of an aircraft passing the outer marker is:

A. 1350 FT
B. 1400 FT
C. 1450 FT
D. 1300 FT

11. In which frequency band does an ILS glide slope transmit?

A. VHF
B. UHF
C. SHF
D. EHF

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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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Radionavigation

12. Assuming a five dot display, what does each of the dots on either side of the
ILS localizer cockpit display represent:

A. 2.0 degrees
B. 1.5 degrees
C. 2.5 degrees
D. 0.5 degrees

13. Outer marker transmits on 75 MHz and has an aural frequency of:

A. 1300 Hz
B. 400 Hz
C. 2000 Hz
D. 3000 Hz

14. What is the colour sequence when passing over an Outer, Middle and Inner
Marker Beacon?

A. white - amber - blue

B. amber - white - green
C. blue - amber - white
D. blue - green - white

15. The principle of operation of an ILS localiser transmitter is based on

twooverlapping lobes that are transmitted on (i).......... frequencies and carry
different (ii)......... .

A. the same (ii) phases

B. the same (ii) modulation frequencies
C. different (ii) modulation frequencies
D. different (ii) phases

16. Where, in relation to the runway, is the ILS localiser transmitting aerial normally
situated?

A. On the non-approach end of the runway about 300 m from the runway on the
extended centreline.
B. At the approach end of the runway about 300 m from touchdown on the
centreline.
C. At the non-approach end about 150 m to one side of the runway and 300 m
along the extendedcentreline.
D. At the approach end about 150 m to one side of the runway and 300 m from
touchdown.

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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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17. Every 10 kt decrease in groundspeed, on a 3° ILS glidepath, will require an

approximate:

A. increase in the aircraft's rate of descent of 50 FT/MIN.

B. decrease in the aircraft's rate of descent of 50 FT/MIN.
C. decrease in the aircraft's rate of descent of 100 FT/MIN.
D. increase in the aircraft's rate of descent of 100 FT/MIN.

18. Instrument Landing Systems (ILS) Glide Paths provide azimuth coverage
(i)..........° each side of the localiser centre-line to a distance of (ii) .......... NM
from the threshold.

A. (i) 8; (ii) 10
B. (i) 25; (ii) 17
C. (i) 35; (ii) 25
D. (i) 5; (ii) 8

19. The rate of descent required to maintain a 3.25° glide slope at a groundspeed of
140 kt is approximately:

A. 850 FT/MIN
B. 800 FT/MIN
C. 670 FT/MIN
D. 700 FT/MIN

20. An aircraft carrying out an ILS approach is receiving more 90 Hz than 150 Hz
modulation notes from both the localiser and glide path transmitters.
The ILS indication will show:

A. Fly right and fly down.

B. Fly left and fly down.
C. Fly right and fly up.
D. Fly left and fly up.

21. An aircraft carrying out a 3° glide path ILS approach experiences a reduction in
groundspeed from 150 kt at the outer marker to 120 kt over the threshold.
The effect of this change in groundspeed on the aircraft's rate of descent will
be a decrease of approximately:

A. 150 FT/MIN
B. 250 FT/MIN
C. 50 FT/MIN
D. 100 FT/MIN

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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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Radionavigation

22. A Cat III ILS glide path transmitter provides reliable guidance information down
to:

A. the surface of the runway.

B. a maximum height of 200 ft above the runway.
C. a maximum height of 100 ft above the runway.
D. a maximum height of 50 ft above the runway.

23. Which of the following is an ILS localiser frequency?

A. 112.10 MHz
B. 108.25 MHz
C. 110.20 MHz
D. 109.15 MHz

24. What approximate rate of descent is required in order to maintain a 3° glide

path at a groundspeed of 90 kt?

A. 450 FT/MIN
B. 400 FT/MIN
C. 600 FT/MIN
D. 700 FT/MIN

25. The heading rose of an HSI is frozen on 200°. Lined up on the ILS of runway
25,the localizer needle will be:

A. right of centre.
B. left of centre.
C. centred.
D. centred with the 'fail' flag showing.

26. Consider the following statements on ILS:

A. An ILS-approach may be flown if the localizer, glide path and marker

beacons/DME are operational.
B. If the localizer is out of service, an ILS approach with increased decision
height (DH) may be carried out.
C. ILS is the primary precision approach facility for civil aviation.
D. When the pilot is reaching the decision height (DH) he may only continue the
approach if both localizer and glidepath indications are within one dot from the
centre positions.

Training MCQ
7 / 17
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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Radionavigation

27. The function of a locator beacon in an ILS procedure:

A. Is to give steering information to guide the pilot during the final section of the
ILS approach.
B. Is to locate the airfield position.
C. Is to provide the pilot, flying the localizer course, with a check that he is on the
localizer centre line.
D. Is to provide a navigation aid that will clearly indicate that the aircraft is within
the coverage of the ILS localizer and glide path.

28. Which of the following frequencies are used by ILS?

A. 109,35 MHz
B. 111,10 MHz
C. 108,45 MHz
D. A and B above

29. At a distance of 20 NM from the localizer transmitter, the horizontal extent of

the localizer coverage is:

A. +/- 10 NM wide
B. 10 NM wide
C. +/- 10° from the runway extended centre line
D. +/- 2,5°

30. The ILS glide path transmitter is located:

A. No more than 600 meters from the localizer transmitter.

B. About 150 meters upwind from the threshold and about 300 meters from the
centre line of the runway.
C. About 300 meters upwind from the threshold and about 150 meters from the
centre line of the runway.
D. As close to the runway threshold as possible without causing an obstruction to
aircraft.

31. The ILS glide path is 2.8°. At what altitude above the threshold level is the
upper limit of the glide path coverage at a distance of 1.5 NM from the
touchdown point?

A. 425 feet
B. 745 feet
C. 865 feet
D. 610 feet

Training MCQ
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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
 ATPL 062
Radionavigation

32. The glide path transmitter operates on:

A. 36 VHF frequencies, paired with localizer frequencies.

B. The frequencies 90 and 150 MHz.
C. On frequencies found by multiplying the localizer frequency by 3.
D. 40 frequencies from 329,15 MHz to 335,00 MHz.

33. Scalloping of an ILS beam means:

A. That the beam slowly leaves the intended approach line.

B. That the beam is intermittent, and is received only now and then during an
approach.
C. That false beams (sidelobes) appear from time to time during the approach.
D. That the guidance beam direction varies from side to side of the intended
approach.

34. Consider the following statements on ILS back beam approach:

A. Using a standard ILS indicator, a back beam approach must be flown with
heading adjustments fromthe localizer needle.
B. Only when a published procedure is at hand, a back beam approach must be
flown.
C. Using an HSI the course selector should be set to the inbound track of the
localizer front beam, inorder to get normal sensing.
D. All 3 statements are correct.

35. If the ILS monitoring equipment senses a shift or change outside set limits in
the basic transmission:

A. The Tower control will inform any inbound aircraft about the inaccuracy.
B. The technicians on duty will switch on the stand-by ILS equipment.
C. The pilot on ILS approach will be notified by the ident disappearing.
D. The transmissions on a Cat I ILS will be stopped within 6 seconds.

36. In an ILS system, the identification:

A. Is transmitted with a tone of 1450 Hz.

B. Is transmitted in morse by the localizer transmitter with a tone of 1020 Hz.
C. Is transmitted by the localizer and the glidepath transmitters.
D. Is transmitted alternatively by the localizer and the glidepath transmitters using
morse code. (In some countries voice identification is also used)

Training MCQ
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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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Radionavigation

37. Flying a 3° glidepath ILS approach, at a groundspeed of 100 Kt, the "rule of
thumb" gives a required rate of descent of:

A. 500 ft/min
B. 600 ft/min
C. 450 ft/min
D. 400 ft/min

38. There are four types of marker beacons, all transmitting on the same
carrierfrequency:

A. Airway marker (fan marker), Outer marker, Middle marker, Intersection

marker.
B. Intersection marker, Outer marker, Middle marker, Inner marker.
C. Airway marker (fan marker) Outer marker, Middle marker, Inner marker.
D. Boundary marker, Outer marker, Middle marker, Inner marker.

39. The middle marker is identified by:

A. Audible alternate dots and dashes with tone 1300 Hz and an amber light.
B. Audible alternate dots and dashes with tone 800 Hz and an amber light.
C. Audible alternate dots and dashes with tone 800 Hz and a white light.
D. Audible alternate dots and dashes with tone 1300 Hz and a white light.

40. ILS is subject to false glide paths resulting from:

A. Spurious signals reflected by nearby obstacles.

B. Back-scattering of antennas.
C. Ground returns ahead of the antennas.
D. Multiple lobes of radiation patterns in the vertical plane.

41. Assuming a five dot display, what does each of the dots on either side of the
ILS localizer cockpit display represent:

A. 1.5 degrees
B. 2.5 degrees
C. 2.0 degrees
D. 0.5 degrees

42. The reason why pre take-off holding areas are sometimes further from the
active runway when ILS Category 2 and 3 landing procedures are in progress
than during good weather operations is:

A. Aircraft manoeuvring near the runway may disturb guidance signals.

B. Heavy precipitation may disturb guidance signals.
C. To increase distance from the runway during offset approach operations.
D. To increase aircraft separation in very reduced visibility conditions.

Training MCQ
10 / 17
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
 ATPL 062
Radionavigation

43. Which of the following is an ILS localiser frequency?

A. 109.15 MHz
B. 108.25 MHz
C. 110.20 MHz
D. 112.10 MHz

44. Every 10 kt decrease in groundspeed, on a 3° ILS glidepath, will require an

approximate:

A. Increase in the aircraft's rate of descent of 50 FT/MIN.

B. Decrease in the aircraft's rate of descent of 100 FT/MIN.
C. Increase in the aircraft's rate of descent of 100 FT/MIN.
D. Decrease in the aircraft's rate of descent of 50 FT/MIN.

45. The MIDDLE MARKER of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) facility is

identified audibly and visually by a series of:

A. Dots and a white light flashing.

B. Dashes and an amber light flashing.
C. Alternate dots and dashes and an amber light flashing.
D. Two dashes per second and a blue light flashing.

46. The principle of operation of an ILS localiser transmitter is based on two

overlapping lobes that are transmitted on (i).......... frequencies and carry
different (ii)......... .

A. (i) the same; (ii) phases

B. (i) different; (ii) modulation frequencies
C. (i) different; (ii) phases
D. (i) the same; (ii) modulation frequencies

47. An aircraft carrying out an ILS approach is receiving more 90 Hz than 150 Hz
modulation notes from both the localiser and glidepath transmitters.
The ILS indication will show:

A. Fly left and fly up.

B. Fly right and fly down.
C. Fly left and fly down.
D. Fly right and fly up.

48. An aircraft tracking to intercept the Instrument Landing System (ILS) localiser
inbound on the approach side, outside the published ILS coverage angle:

A. May receive false course indications.

B. Will not normally receive signals.
C. Will receive signals without identification coding.
D. Can expect signals to give correct indications.

Training MCQ
11 / 17
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
 ATPL 062
Radionavigation

49. A Cat III ILS glidepath transmitter provides reliable guidance information down
to:

A. A maximum height of 200 ft above the runway.

B. A maximum height of 100 ft above the runway.
C. A maximum height of 50 ft above the runway.
D. The surface of the runway.

50. In which frequency band does an ILS glide slope transmit?

A. UHF
B. VHF
C. SHF
D. EHF

51. The visual and aural indications of the ILS outer marker are:

A. a blue light and 2 dashes per second of a 1 300 Hz modulated tone.

B. an amber light and alternate dots and dashes of a 1 300 Hz modulated tone.
C. a white light and 6 dots per second of a 30 Hz modulated tone.
D. a blue light and 2 dashes per second of a 400 Hz modulated tone.

52. The sensitive area of an ILS is the area where aircraft may not enter when:

A. ILS operations are in progress.

B. Category I ILS operations are in progress.
C. Category II/III ILS operations are in progress.
D. The ILS is undergoing calibration.

53. For a category one ILS glide path of 3.3° the coverage is:

A. 1.49° to 5.77°
B. 1.49° to 5.94°
C. 1.65° to 5.77°
D. 1.65° to 5.94

54. The reason why pre takeoff holding areas are sometimes further from the active
runway when ILS category 2 and 3 landing procedures are in progress than
during good weather operation is:

A. heavy precipitation may disturb guidance signals.

B. aircraft manoeuvring near the runway may disturb guidance signals.
C. to increase distance from the runway during offset approach operations.
D. to increase aircraft separation in very reduced visibility conditions.

Training MCQ
12 / 17
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
 ATPL 062
Radionavigation

55. The coverage of the ILS localiser at 17 NM is guaranteed up to an angle either

side of the extended centreline of:

A. 30°
B. 25°
C. 35°
D. 10°

56. At 5.25 NM from the threshold an aircraft on an ILS approach has a display
showing it to be 4 dots low on a 3 degree glide path. Using an angle of 0.15° per
dot of glide slope deviation and the 1 in 60 rule calculate the height of the
aircraft from touchdown.

A. 1 280 ft
B. 1 325 ft
C. 1 375 ft
D. 1 450 ft

57. Which of the following is true in respect of using ILS?

A. When using a CDI you must set the OBS to the localizer course.
B. When using a CDI in the overshoot sector you must disobey the needles.
C. When using an HSI you must set the course arrow to the localizer course.
D. When using an HSI the glide path must be set before approach.

58. According to ICAO 8168, what is regarded as the maximum safe deviation
below the glide path during ILS approach?

A. Half scale deflection.

B. One quarter scale deflection.
C. Three quarter scale deflection.
D. Full scale deflection.

59. Assuming a five dots display on either side of the ILS localizer cockpit display,
what is the angular displacement of the aircraft from the localizer centreline
when the CDI is deflected 2 dots to the right?

A. 1.0° to the right

B. 2.0° to the left
C. 2.0° to the right
D. 1.0° to the left

60. Full deflection on a glide slope indicator indicates that the aircraft is:

A. 2.5° above or below the correct glide path.

B. 0.7° above or below the correct glide path.
C. 0.5° above or below the correct glide path.
D. 1.25° above or below the correct glide path.

Training MCQ
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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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Radionavigation

61. Full scale deflection of the localiser needle indicates that the aircraft is
approximately:

A. 10° offset from the localiser centreline.

B. 5° offset from the localiser centreline.
C. 1.25° offset from the localiser centreline.
D. 2.5° offset from the localiser centreline.

62. On what carrier frequency does the inner marker transmit?

A. Same frequency as the localizer.

B. 75 MHz
C. Same frequency as the glide path.
D. 3 000 MHz

63. What are the modulation frequencies of the two overlapping lobes that are used
on an ILS approach?

A. 75 kHz; 135 kHz

B. 90 Hz; 150 Hz
C. 328 MHz; 335 MHz
D. 63 MHz; 123 MHz

64. An ILS category II ground installation is one that is capable of providing

guidance to a height of:

A. 15 m above the horizontal plane containing the threshold.

B. 60 m above the horizontal plane containing the threshold.
C. 15 m on QNH
D. 60 m on QNH

65. Which of the following correctly describes the Instrument Landing System (ILS)
localizer radiation pattern?

A. Two overlapping lobes on the same UHF carrier frequency.

B. Two overlapping lobes on the same VHF carrier frequency.
C. A pencil beam comprising a series of smaller beams each carrying a different
modulation.
D. Two overlapping lobes on different radio carrier frequencies but with the same
modulation.

66. Which of the following is correct regarding false beams on a glide path?

A. False beams will only be found more than 10 degrees to the left or to the right
of the localizer centreline.
B. False beams will only be found above the correct glide path.
C. False beams are only present when flying a back-beam ILS approach.
D. False beams will only be found below the correct glide path.

Training MCQ
14 / 17
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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Radionavigation

67. ILS back beams may be received:

A. When flying outside the area of coverage.

B. Never.
C. When approaching the ILS from behind the gidepath aerial.
D. When approaching the ILS from behind the localizer aerial.

68. An ILS localiser can give reverse sense indications on the approach side and
outside the protected coverage:

A. Beyond 25 NM.
B. Beyond 35° azimuth either side of the approach.
C. Beyond 10° azimuth either side of the approach.
D. At any time.

69. The emission characteristics of the ILS and a typical localiser frequency are:

A. A9W; 329,30 MHz

B. A8W; 110,30 MHz
C. A9W; 110,70 MHz
D. A8W; 113,30 MHZ

70. An aircraft is flying downwind outside the coverage of the ILS. The CDI
indications will be:

A. Unreliable in azimuth and elevation.

B. Reliable in azimuth, unreliable in elevation.
C. No indication will be shown.
D. Reliable in azimuth and elevation.

71. In which band does the ILS glide path operate?

A. Metric
B. Centimetric
C. Decimetric
D. Hectometric

72. The minima for a CAT I ILS are:

A. Height: 100 ft; RVR: 550 m

B. Height: 100 ft; RVR 700 m
C. Height: 200 ft; RVR: 550 m
D. Height 200 ft; RVR 700 m

Training MCQ
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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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73. According to the diagram of an ILS display, the aircraft is (display 3):

A. High on the approach and to the left of the center line.

B. Low on the approach and to the left of the center line.
C. High on the approach and to the right of the center line.
D. Low on the approach and to the right of the center line.

74. ILS glide path transmits lobes which are:

A. On the same frequency and are separated by phase comparison.

B. On different frequencies which are then phase compared.
C. On different frequencies and have different modulations.
D. On the same frequency and have different modulations.

75. The maximum safe “fly up” indication on the glide path needle (assuming a 5
dots indicator) is:

A. 2 dots
B. 1.5 dots
C. 2.5 dots
D. 1 dot

76. The errors of an ILS localizer beam are due to:

A. Emission sidelobes.
B. Ground reflections.
C. Spurious signals from objects near the runway.
D. Interference from other systems operating on the same frequency.

77. For reliable navigation information the approximate coverage of a 3° ILS glide
slope is:

A. 0.7° above and below the glide path and 8° either side of the localizer center
line.
B. 0.45° from the horizontal to 1.75° above the glide path and 8° either side of
the localizer center line.
C. 1.5° to 5° from the horizontal and 8° either side of the localizer.
D. 3° above and below the glide path and 10° either side of the localizer center
line.

Training MCQ
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Instrument Landing System (ILS)
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Radionavigation

78. Considering the following statements on ILS:

A. An ILS-approach may be flown if the localizer, glide path and marker

beacons/DME are operational.
B. If the localizer is out of service, an ILS approach with increased decision
height (DH) may be carried out.
C. ILS is primary precision approach facility for civil aviation.
D. When the pilot is reaching the decision height (DH) he may only continue the
approach if both localizer and glide path indications are within one dot from
the center positions.

79. The function of a locator beacon in an ILS procedure:

A. Is to give steering information to guide the pilot during the final section of the
ILS approach.
B. Is to locate the airfield position.
C. Is to provide the pilot, flying the localizer course, with a check that he is on the
localizer center line.
D. Is to provide a navigation aid that will clearly indicate that the aircraft is within
the coverage of the ILS localizer and glide path.

80. There are four types of marker beacons, all transmitting on the same carrier
frequency:

A. Airway marker (fan marker), outer marker, middle marker, intersection marker.
B. Intersection marker, outer marker, middle marker, inner marker.
C. Airway marker (fan marker), outer marker, middle marker, inner marker.
D. Boundary marker, outer marker, middle marker, inner marker.

Training MCQ
17 / 17
Instrument Landing System (ILS)