Trigeminal nerve relations in the skull (foramina): Standing Room Only ‘© Superior orbital fissure is V1 (Ist branch) = foramen Rotundum is V2 © foramen Ovale is V3 Innervation of extra-ocular motor muscles: LRG (S04) 3 Lateral rectus-> VI abductens Superior Oblique-> IV Trochlear LR6 504) 3 The remaining 4 eyeball imovers= Ill Extraocular muscles cranial nerve innervation: LR6SO4 rest3 © Lateral Rectusis 6th ‘© Superior Oblique is 4th ‘© rest are all 3rd cranial nerve ‘Ansa cervicalis nerves: GHost THought SOmeone STupid SHot Irene Geniohyoid Thyrohyoid Superior Omohyoid Sternothyroid Sternohyoid Inferior omohyoid cen I plexus: arrangement of the important nerves: GLAST 4 compass points: clockwise from narth on the right side of neck: © Great auricular = Lesser occipital ‘Accessory nerve pops out between L and S Supraclavicular Transversecervical Regional anatomy mnemonics Tonsils: The three types PPL (people) have tonsils = Pharyngeal = Palatine © Lingual Thyroids: relative sizes Thyroid looks like a bra # Broasts are bigger in women, sa thyroid bigger in © Prognant women have biggest breasts af all, so they have the biggest thyroids. isthmus location Rings 2,3,4 make the isthmus ‘© Isthmus overlies tracheal rings 2,3,4 Voicebox: names of parts in sagittal cross-section There's 3 V's in your Voicebox © Vestibular fold © Ventricle © Vocal fold Note: Vestibular and Vocal cord also known as false and true cords respectively.External carotid artery branches: Some Aggressive Lovers, Find Odd Positions More Stimulating Superior thyroid ‘Ascending pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occiptal Posterior auricular Maxillary Superficialtemporal Foramen ovale contents: OVALE ‘+ Otic ganglion (justinferior) V3 cranial nerve ‘Accessory meningeal artery Lesser petrosal nerve Emissary veins Cavernous sinus contents: © TOM CAT © TOM are lateral wall components, in order from superior to inferior. CA are the components within the sinus, from medial to lateral. CA ends at the level of T from 0 TOM. cculomotor nerve (i) Trochlear nerve (IV) Ophthalmic nerve (V1) Maxillary nerve (V2) Carotid artery + Abducent nerve (VI) T: When written, connects to the T of OTOM Superior thyroid artery branches: May I Softly Squeeze Charlie's Gir? © Muscular Infrahyoid ‘Superior laryngeal Sternomastoid Cricothyroid Glandular Veins mnemonics Internal jugular vein: tributaries: Medical Schools Let, Confident People In From inferior to superior: * Middle thyroid © Superiortinyroid © Ungual © Common facial © Pharyngoal * Inferior petrosal sinus External jugular vein: tributar Posterior external jugular vein Anterior jugular vein Suprascapular vein Transverse cervical vein Carotid sheath contents: | See 10 CC's in the IV {See (1.C) = Internal Carotid artery 10 = CN 10 (Vagus nerve) C= Common Carotid artery IV= Internal Jugular Vein Branches of facial nerve: To Zanzibar By Motor Car Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Masseteric, Cervical Bell's palsy: BELL'S Palsy Blink reflex abnormal © Earache * Lacrimation [deficient, excess] * Lossoftaste © Sudden onset # Palsy of Vl nerve muscles Al symptoms are unilateral Scalp nerve supply: GLASS * Greater occipital/ Greater auricular # Lesser occipital + Auriculotemporal + Supratrochlear © Supraorbital Innervation of the Face: Mandibular nerve: Mastication. Facial nerve: Facial expression, Composition of cranial nerves (Motor, Sensory, or Both): Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Breasts Matter More Sensory, sensory motor, motor, both, motor, both, sensory, both, both, motor, motor in the order of cranial nerves starting from the optie (cranial nerve). Lacrimal nerve path: Lacrimal's story of 8's Lactimal nerve runs on Lateral wall of orbit above Lateral rectus, then Lets communicating branch join in, then supplies, Lactimeal gland, then Leaves it and supplies Lateral upper eye Lid!3 foramina related to the occipital condyles ‘+ Anterior condylar foramen ‘© Posterior condylar foramen + Foramen Magnum 3 fissures of the base of the skull (ane ralated to the eye, ‘ear, mouth) ‘© Inferior orbital fissure © Pkerygo-maxillay fissure © Squamo-tympanic fissure Foramen ovale contents: OVALE ‘+ Otic ganglion (justinferior) V3 cranial nerve ‘Accessory meningeal artery Lesser petrosal nerve Emissary veins ‘Trigeminal nerve (where branches exit skull): Standing Room Only ‘© Superior orbital fissures V1 ‘© foramen Rotundum is V2 © foramen Ovale is V3 Foramen spinosum (location on base of skull): ‘+ Foramen spinosum is adjacent to the spine of sphenoid, Scalp mnemonics ‘Scalp layers: SCALP: (From superficial to deep) = skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose areolar tissue © Pericranium Scalp nerve supply: GLASS, Greater occipital Greater auricular Lesser occipital Auriculotemporal Supratrochlear Supraorbital ‘Muscle mnemonics. Prerygoid muscles (function): Look at how your jaw ends up when saying first syllable of ‘Lateral or ‘Media’ * "La: your jaw is now open, so Lateral opens mouth. "Me": your jaw is stil closed, so medial closes the mandible. Eye rotation by oblique muscles | Love S&M Inferior oblique: Lateral eye rotation. + Superior oblique: Medial eye rotation, Extrinsic muscles of tongue [for pro soccer fans]: Paris St. Germain’s Hour Palatoglossus Styloglossus| Genioglossus Hyoglossus PSG is a French soccer team (foreign), hence extrinsic comes to mind, Cricoarytenoids: abductor vs. adductor When aliens abduct you, they Probe you Posterior cricoarytenoids abduct. Lateral therefore is adduct, by default. Artery mnemonics Carotid sheath contents: | See 10 CC's in the IV + 1ee (C= Internal Carotid artery + 10=CN 10 (Vagus nerve) + CC=Common Carotid artery + IV= Internal Juguiar Vein External carotid artery branches Some Angry Lady Figured Out pms Superior thyroid Ascending pharyngeal © Lingual Facial Occipital Posterior auricular Maxillary ‘Superifical temporalAnatomy Mnemonics Head and Neck Anatomy Mnemonics Skull mnemonics Cranial bones: Old Pygmies From Thailand Eat Skulls Occipital Parietal Frontal Temporal Ethmoid Sphenoid Cranial bones (alternative): STEP OF 6 The 6 skull bones are: = Sphenotd ‘+ Temporal © Ethmoid = Parietal © Occipital © Frontal Alternatively: “STEP Off my skull”, Cranial sutures: Learn Cranial Sutures + Lambdoid = Coronal © Sagittal Facial bones: Zoro Likes Punching My Very Nose In © Zygomatic = Lacrimal © Palatine © Maxillary © Vomer © Nasal © Inferior concha Punching my nose reminds one of the facial bones. Facial bones (alternative): Virgil Can Not Make My Pet Zebra Laugh! = Vomer Conchae Nasal Maxilla Mandible Palatine Zygomatic © lacrimal Mastoid bone (muscle insertion): Log Suddenly Struck my Mastoid + Longissimus capitis * Splenius capitis + Sternomastoid Superior orbital fissure (structures passing through): Lazy French Tarts Lie Naked In Anticipation Of Sex = Lacrimal nerve © Frontalnerve © Trochlear nerve + Lateral nerve © Nasocliarynerve # Internal nerve © Abducens nerve Ophthalmic veins © Sympatheticnerves ‘Trigeminal nerve (where branches exit skull: Standing Room only Superior orbital fissure is V1 = foramen Rotundum is v2 * foramen Ovale is V3 Orbit (bones of medial wal My Little Eye Sits in the orbit, Maxila frontal process) Lacrimal Ethmoid Ssphenoid (body) Foramina of the base of the skull: 3 foramina of the anterior part (teeth and palate) Incisive fossa © Greater palatine fossa * Lesser palatine fossa 3 SMALL foramina of the middle part (Small Sized Opening) = Stemomastoidforamen * ForamenSpinosum + Foramenovale 3 LARGE foramina of the middle part (Laceration of artery and vein) * Foramenlacerum © Carotie'canal © Jugularforamen