the following questions
1. What is EPIRA LAW and what is its main objective.
R.A.
2. Discuss the major restructuring made by the EPIRA Law in the power industry using the
illustration below/information provided in the video.
The Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) brought substantial changes to the Philippine
power sector, transitioning it from a vertically integrated model to a more competitive and market-
oriented structure
Recognizing the need for infrastructure investment amidst growing demand, the government
faced fiscal constraints and sought greater private sector involvement. EPIRA addressed these
challenges by privatizing NPC's assets and liabilities, establishing the Energy Regulatory Commission
(ERC) to promote competition and transparency in tariff regulation, and creating the Wholesale
Electricity Spot Market (WESM) to foster competition in the generation sector. Unbundling
electricity rates and charges enhanced transparency, empowering customers to make informed
choices under retail competition and open access provisions. While challenges persist, EPIRA has laid
the groundwork for a more dynamic and consumer-empowered power industry in the Philippines.
3. What is NWRB and its purpose? What are the following agencies involved in water supply and
distribution in the Philippines?
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