THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
This study focuses around Fleming's VARK Learning Theory.
and Mills, bolstered by related research and studies that may support
the current research. According to Neil Fleming's VARK model, learners are classified based on
their preference towards Visual, Auditory, Reading and Writing, or Kinesthetic learning.
Visual(V):
Some people like to receive knowledge in visual representations, which are visually appealing.
This type of learning is known as visual learning style. Graphs, charts, maps, diagrams, and
other visual aids are useful tools for helping visual learners acquire and understand information
more efficiently. Through the utilization of these visual cues, learners with this particular
learning style may improve how well they perceive and retain knowledge in a way that best fits
their cognitive preferences.
Auditory(A):
An individual with an auditory learning style prefers to learn by hearing, which means that they
process knowledge best when exposed to auditory stimuli like music, videos, and discussions.
Conventional educational environments are usually ideal for auditory learners, who get the
most out of actively listening to lectures, taking part in class discussions, and taking in
information via their senses. This allows them to retain and comprehend material better.
Read and Write(R):
Read-and-write learners are more likely to learn from textual resources and sense comfort in
working with written language. They learn best when they are interacting with written
materials, whether they are found in textbooks, handouts, or notes. Due to this inclination,
they frequently turn to dictionaries and other reference resources for help in order to improve
their comprehension and draw connections between ideas.
Kinesthetic(K):
Kinesthetic learning, sometimes called tactile learning, is an acknowledged learning style in
which people learn best when they physically engage in activities such as touching, moving, or
doing tasks through the use of their hands. Because they like to actively participate in the
learning process and become physically involved, these learners are sometimes referred to as
hands-on learners because it helps them better assimilate and remember new knowledge. This
learning style is especially helpful for those who do best in hands-on, interactive learning
situations because it places a strong emphasis on the value of physical experiences and
interactions in improving knowledge and memory retention.
It is important to identify and recognize students' learning styles since doing so may enhance
the quality of the learning process. Teachers can utilize the VARK model to aid with methods on
how to effectively plan and support student learning based on their kind of learning style.
Individual learning preferences are known as learning styles. It contains a questionnaire that
determines a person's preferred sensory modality for learning. It is about how learners absorb,
perceive, interpret, express, retain, and recall new information. Student learners are capable of using
all of these sensory modes of learning; however, each individual has a unique preference, or set of preferences,
in which one mode is often dominant. Learners with a single learning style preference are referred to as
unimodal, whereas others preferring a variety of styles are known as multimodal. Of the multimodal learners,
there are subclassifications for bi-, tri-, and quad modal learners, who prefer to use two, three, or four styles,
respectively. Quad modal or multi-modal learners is flexible for all of the learning styles (VARK), tri-modal
learners is flexible for only just three learning styles (VRK, VAK, VAR, ARK),bi-modal learners refers to a
learners that acquires knowledge using two types of content at the same time. (VR, VA, VK, RK), and
unimodal learners refers to a learners who has a strong preference in a single mode of learning(V,A,R,K).
