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Smart LPG Leakage Monitoring and Control System Using Gas Sensor (MQ-X),
AWS IoT, and ESP Module

Article in International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters · February 2024
DOI: 10.47992/IJAEML.2581.7000.0214

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International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management SRINIVAS
Letters (IJAEML), ISSN: 2581-7000, Vol. 8, No. 1, February 2024 PUBLICATION

Smart LPG Leakage Monitoring and Control

System Using Gas Sensor (MQ-X), AWS IoT,
and ESP Module
Sudip Chakraborty 1 & P. S. Aithal 2
1
D.Sc. Researcher, Institute of Computer Science and Information Sciences, Srinivas
University, Mangalore-575 001, India,
OrcidID: 0000-0002-1088-663X; E-mail: [email protected]
2
Senior Professor, Institute of Management & Commerce, Srinivas University, Mangalore,
India,
OrcidID: 0000-0002-4691-8736; E-Mail: [email protected]

Subject Area: Computer Science.

Type of the Paper: Experimental Research.
Type of Review: Peer Reviewed as per |C|O|P|E| guidance.
Indexed In: OpenAIRE.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10718875
Google Scholar Citation: IJAEML

How to Cite this Paper:

Chakraborty, S. & Aithal, P. S. (2024). Smart LPG Leakage Monitoring and Control
System Using Gas Sensor (MQ-X), AWS IoT, and ESP Module. International Journal of
Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 8(1), 101-109. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10718875
International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML)
A Refereed International Journal of Srinivas University, India.

Crossref DOI: https://doi.org/10.47992/IJAEML.2581.7000.0214

Received on: 01/01/2024

Published on: 28/02/2024

© With Authors.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0

International License subject to proper citation to the publication source of the work.
Disclaimer: The scholarly papers as reviewed and published by Srinivas Publications (S.P.),
India are the views and opinions of their respective authors and are not the views or opinions
of the S.P. The S.P. disclaims of any harm or loss caused due to the published content to any
party.

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International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management SRINIVAS
Letters (IJAEML), ISSN: 2581-7000, Vol. 8, No. 1, February 2024 PUBLICATION

Smart LPG Leakage Monitoring and Control System

Using Gas Sensor (MQ-X), AWS IoT, and ESP Module
Sudip Chakraborty 1 & P. S. Aithal 2
1
D.Sc. Researcher, Institute of Computer Science and Information Sciences, Srinivas
University, Mangalore-575 001, India,
OrcidID: 0000-0002-1088-663X; E-mail: [email protected]
2
Senior Professor, Institute of Management & Commerce, Srinivas University, Mangalore,
India,
OrcidID: 0000-0002-4691-8736; E-Mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Nowadays, LPG is used in almost every kitchen for cooking. It has lots of
advantages over other cooking fuels. We need to maintain compliance when we cook using it.
The gas flows through a couple of equipment like a regulator, pipe, knob, and burner. If
equipment got damaged or the regulator was kept on after cooking, it emitted the gas. This
event is dangerous and destructive. So, once it is emitted, it should be detected immediately,
and emissions should be stopped. There are several sensors available to detect the gas. We
demonstrate using this sensor to build an intelligent gas monitoring system here. When the
gas is detected, we regulate the valve and stop the gas emission using the control mechanism.
Design/Methodology: There are two approaches to designing the LPG detector for the
researcher. One approach is to create from scratch, using the raw sensor, creating the
schematics, and then building the PCB. After that, the components are assembled and tested
in a natural environment. Finally, it would be best if we pack within a suitable enclosure. It
takes time to make a testable product. The other approach is for rapid prototyping. Here, we
followed the fast procedure. To minimize the hardware overhead, we purchased one complete
gas detector system, which is available in the market, and then we added our intelligence to
it.
Findings/Result: We tested the prototype in a natural environment. The result was found as
expected and very promising. We inject the LPG into the sensor. After a couple of seconds,
the built-in relay got energized. The ESP module sends the message to the predefined mobile
number.
Originality/Value: Several projects have already been done to detect LPG leakage. Most of
the project monitors gas; it produces an alarm if leakage happens. But here we added a couple
of facilities. One is when gas leakage is detected instantly; it triggers the close of the regulator
valve. The second one is the incident time, which will be uploaded to the cloud, not local
device memory. It will help for audit purposes. Once a leak is detected, we can send the
message to the What’s App. These features provide value to the user.
Type of Paper: Experimental-based Research.
Keywords: Intelligent LPG leak detector, IoT-based LPG leakage alarm.
1. INTRODUCTION :
Problem statement: The abbreviation of LPG is liquefied petroleum gas, the prime fuel used in
kitchens to cook food. It has a lot of facilities than other sources of fuel for the kitchen. The only
caveat is that we need to handle it with care. The mishandling can lead to life-threatening accidents.
Worldwide, so much research is carried out to prevent the accident from LPG leakage. The problem
is that we often forget to consider the practical scenario, so the project or product fails to comply in a
natural environment.
Indication of methodology: here, we use the MQ-X series LPG detector. When it is ready, it senses
the LPG in the air. Once it is present for a long time with sufficient amount, it triggers the output for
alarm or triggering protection. It provides a potential free contact. Using that contact, we switch off

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the regulator immediately and send the message to the mobile through WhatsApp. It paralley triggers
the local audio-visual alarm.
Essential findings of others in this field: several research works are found over the net. Hasibuan et
al. (2019). [1] demonstrate a project where LPG is detected using an intelligent system, and once it is
detected, it sends the notification as an SMS to the mobile. The researchers (Hussien et al. (2020). [2])
next year improve the system and make it deployable for the hospital. The researcher (Zinnuraain et
al. (2019). [3]) attached an automatic safety system to take immediate action on gas leakage in their
research work. The researcher (Keshamoni et al. (2017). [7]) included gas booking as well as detection
in their research work. They interact over the IoT for communication when the leakage happens. The
Patchmuthu et. Al. (2023). [15] notify the user in the mobile application over IoT.
What study is done in this paper: We study several research documents to understand the actual
scenario, as well as the pros and cons of designing a usable, robust, and consistent LPG detector that
can run for a long time. We realize that several factors affect the system's performance. In this paper,
we demonstrate a practical, feasible gas leakage system that accounts for several techniques to prevent
major accidents from gas leakage.
Principal conclusion: LPG is suitable for cooking. The available system suffers from several cons,
which make it an unreliable solution for LPG leakage detection incidents. A few factors demand
special attention when designing a reliable LPG detector system. The kitchen smoke and dusty and
oily environment degrade the sensor performance. Regular checks, system cleaning, and self-tests
within predefined intervals can create a reliable system. Robust protection is an excellent solution to
using LPG safely.
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE/ CURRENT STATUS :
Much research has been carried out on LPG leak detection and immediate action. Here, we included
some research projects where we found noticeable work already done. Table 1 lists a couple of
research works and used technology.

Table 1: Llists research work and technology used in LPG leak detection.
S. No. Focus/Subject Technology/Algorithm/ Reference
Module/Components
1 Intelligent LPG gas leak detection tool LPG Sensor, Mobile Hasibuan et al.
with SMS notification network for SMS (2019). [1]
notification
2 A smart gas leakage monitoring system for Gas Sensor, controller Hussien et al.
use in hospitals (2020). [2]
3 Smart gas leakage detection with Gas Sensor, controller, Zinnuraain et al.
monitoring and automatic safety system safety attachment (2019). [3]
4 A Smart Approach of LPG Monitoring and LPG sensor, IoT Mahfuz et. Al.
Detection System Using IoT (2020). [4]
5 A Critical Review on LPG Gas Leakage Gas Sensor, controller Subri et. Al.
Detection and Monitoring System (2021). [5]
6 Design and Fabrication of a Smart LPG Sensor, Mobile Salman et. Al.
Monitoring System for Liquefied Network. (2023). [6]
Petroleum Gas-Operated Cars Based on
Global System Mobile
7 Smart gas level monitoring, booking & gas Smart gas level sensor, Keshamoni et al.
leakage detector over IoT IoT (2017). [7]
8 A LabVIEW based remote monitoring and LabVIEW software, Deshmukh et. Al.
controlling of wireless sensor node for LPG Sensor (2016). [8]
LPG gas leakage detection
9 LPG Leakage Detector with Smart SMS LPG Sensor, Nivetha et. Al.
Alert using Microcontroller Microcontroller (2021). [9]

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10 Microcontroller Based Monitoring and LPG Sensor, Anuradha et al.

Controlling of LPG Leaks Using Internet Microcontroller, IoT (2020). [10]
of Things
11 Development of LPG leakage detector LPG Sensor, Arduino, Hannan et al.
system using arduino with the Internet of IoT (2018). [11]
Things (IoT)
12 Smart Gas Booking and LPG Leakage LPG Sensor, IoT Patil et. Al.
Detection System (2017). [12]
13 IOT based smart gas monitoring system Gas Sensor, IoT Anandhakrishnan
et al. (2017). [13]
14 Smart Detection System for LPG Gas LPG Sensor, Ravisankar et al.
Leakage using IoT Microcontroller, IoT (2022). [14]
15 Smart LPG usage and leakage detection LPG Sensor, Patchmuthu et.
using IoT and mobile application Microcontroller, IoT, Al. (2023). [15]
Mobile application
16 IOT based automatic LPG gas booking and LPG Sensor, Kodali et. Al.
leakage detection system Microcontroller, IoT (2019). [16]
17 IoT based LPG cylinder monitoring LPG Sensor, Srivastava et. Al.
system Microcontroller, IoT (2019). [17]
18 An IoT Based Framework of LPG Real LPG Sensor, Bhatia et. Al.
Time Gas Leakage Detection and Microcontroller, IoT (2022). [18]
Controlling
19 Home and industrial safety IoT on LPG LPG Sensor, Soh et. Al.
gas leakage detection and alert system Microcontroller, IoT (2019). [19]
20 IoT-based LPG Gas Leakage Detection LPG Sensor, Kumar et al.
and Prevention System Microcontroller, IoT (2021). [20]

In the table below, we included several research works based on communication technology. The
below research works are practical references to design any IoT-based project for the new researcher
for their research work.

Table 2: Llists the author’s research on IoT and Data saving to the cloud over the IoT.
S. No. Focus/Subject Technology/Algorithm/ Reference
Module/Components
1 Let Us Create Multiple IoT Device Controller AWS, ESP32 And C# Chakraborty et al.
Using AWS, ESP32 And C# (2023). [21]
2 Let Us Create An IoT Inside the AWS Cloud AWS Cloud Chakraborty et al.
(2022). [22]
3 Let Us Create a Physical IoT Device Using AWS, ESP Module Chakraborty et al.
AWS and ESP Module (2022). [23]
4 Let Us Create an Alexa Skill for Our IoT Alexa Skill, AWS Cloud Chakraborty et al.
Device Inside the AWS Cloud (2023). [24]
5 Let Us Create A Lambda Function for Our IoT AWS Cloud, Lambda Chakraborty et al.
Device In The AWS Cloud Using C# Function (2023). [25]
6 Let Us Create Our Desktop IoT Soft- AWS, ESP32 and C# Chakraborty et al.
Switchboard Using AWS, ESP32 and C# (2023). [26]

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7 Alexa Enabled IoT Device Simulation Using C#, AWS Lambda Chakraborty et al.
C# And AWS Lambda (2023). [27]
8 IoT-Based Switch Board for Kids Using ESP ESP Module, AWS Chakraborty et al.
Module And AWS (2023). [28]
9 Let Us Create an Alexa-Enabled IoT Device C#, AWS Lambda and Chakraborty et al.
Using C#, AWS Lambda and ESP Module ESP Module (2023). [29]
10 IoT-Based Industrial Debug Message Display AWS, ESP8266 And C# Chakraborty et al.
Using AWS, ESP8266 And C# (2023). [30]

3. OBJECTIVES OF THE PAPER :

Description for Objectives:
1) To study the LPG leak detection and accident prevention procedure.
2) To review research carried out on the LPG leak detection procedure.
3) To analyze the performance of the MQ-X sensor performance.
4) To test the LPG leak detection performance in a real scenario.
5) To design and develop a functional LPG leak detection system.
6) To interpret the complete feasible procedure in the LPG leak detection mechanism field.
7) To create a robust and failsafe LPG leak detection device.
4. METHODOLOGY:

Fig. 1: The project block diagram

Figure 1 depicts the project block diagram. The central unit is the MQ-X-based LPG detector module.
It has potential free contact. When the LPG detects, the contact will close. The possible free contact
is fed to the input of the ESP module, which is the coordinate part of the complete system. When the
system is powered up, it will try to connect with a Wi-Fi router. For this, we need to provide the Wifi
credentials. Once connected, it will connect with the AWS IoT cloud server. Now, the ESP module is
ready to receive the input trigger. It stays in an infinite loop. Once the digital input senses that the gas
sensor has detected the leakage gas, the ESP module sends the event time stamp to the AWS cloud. It
instantly triggers the motor to close the LPG regulator. And finally, it sends the What’s App message
to the preset mobile number. The mobile user gets the message for the gas leakage incident in their
messaging app. Figure 2 depicts the front face of the detector device. Figure 3 depicts the components
of the LPG detector device.

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International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management SRINIVAS
Letters (IJAEML), ISSN: 2581-7000, Vol. 8, No. 1, February 2024 PUBLICATION

Fig. 2: The LPG detector with enclosure

Fig. 3: The internal components assembly inside the LPG detector

5. SUGGESTIONS :
We recommend executing a couple of tasks that provide a better experiment result.
1) The sensor placement is critical. The proper height should be maintained before the device is
in action. Otherwise, the device will not detect the leakage of the LPG.
2) The wifi network should send messages to mobile phones as fast as possible and upload the
incident to the cloud server.
3) We need to clean the sensor windows occasionally. We need to create a schedule and maintain
it.
4) With that gas-checking device installed, we can also use several other monitoring procedures
like knob status monitoring, etc.
5) The details to send the message to what app from the ESP module:
https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp8266-nodemcu-send-messages-
whatsapp/#:~:text=After%20uploading%2C%20open%20the%20Serial,should%20receive%
20the%20ESP8266%20message.
6. CONCLUSION :
The LPG is used in the kitchen to cook our daily foods. Sometimes, for mishandling, we face terrible
accidents. To protect this or prevent massive accidents, research is going on to prevent accidents.

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Here, we provide a review and design of a sound system that can be a feasible solution in our daily
lives to avoid major accidents due to early detection of LP leaks. First, we introduce the problem
statement on the subject. In the literature review, we added a couple of research works on this field.
In the methodology, we demonstrate the architecture of the project. We added a couple of suggestions
or recommendations for the researcher. Finally, we added the reference from where we got much
information on the project field.
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT :
First and foremost, I sincerely thank my research supervisor, Dr. P. S. Aithal, for his guidance,
supervision, encouragement, and support. I am grateful to Srinivas University for providing the
resources, facilities, and assistance to facilitate this study. I sincerely appreciate my family’s
unwavering support, understanding, and motivation during this research journey. This work would not
have been possible without the collective help and encouragement of these remarkable individuals and
institutions.
8. LIMITATIONS :
There are a few limitations present in this procedure:
 In most scenarios, the sensor is placed near the LPG cylinder. This place is full of fumes, oil,
and smoke present. For the time being, the sensor became less sensitive to LPG. So, when the
system needs to detect the gas leakage, it will not be effective.
 The current system is run on AC230 volts. It might create sparks when leakage happens. The
best way is to use a small potential battery.
 The complete system should be encapsulated (except the sensor windows) so that it can not
create any issues when the gas reaches the Sensor window when gas starts leaking.
9. REFERENCES :
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