NARAYANA ENGINEERING COLLEGE:: NELLORE

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

A PROJECT WORK ON DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM

WITH WEATHER SENSOR

Submitted

by
[Link] (18711A0264)
[Link] (18711A0286)
[Link] Tejaswini (18711A0284)
[Link] (18711A0282)

Under the guidance of

[Link]
HOD
Department of Electrical&Electronics Engineering
Narayana Engineering College, Nellore.
Title: DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM WITH WEATHER
SENSOR

Abstract
The aim of the project is to keep the solar photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the sun throughout
the year in order to make it more efficient. The dual axis solar photovoltaic panel takes
astronomical data as reference and the tracking system has the capability to always point the
solar array toward the sun and can be installed in various regions with minor modifications. The
vertical and horizontal motion of the panel is obtained by taking altitude angle and azimuth angle
as reference. This paper presents the outline and execution of simple, easy and cheaper automatic
dual axis solar tracking system using Arduino UNO as the control element and light detecting
sensors (LDRS) as the sensing element. This project involves advanced level of technology to
capture maximum amount of energy using sun’s radiations. The main purpose is to increase the
efficiency of tracking system which can rotate in all four directions continuously according to
intensity of radiations and for energy conversion. In this, the voltage from panel is calculated
from time to time in an interval of 1hr and this voltage is used to sense the weather conditions
and display the climatic temperatures.

Objectives
• To improve the efficiency of a dual axis solar power plant system in absorbing sun
energy continuously time by time with stable performance in various weather conditions.
• To reduce the project’s payback time and also increase the overall return on
investment(ROI),depending on the financial specifics on the project.

INTRODUCTION
The project titled “DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM WITH WEATHER
SENSOR” aimed at designing a simple, easy and cheaper automatic dual axis solar tracking
system using Arduino UNO as the control element and light detecting sensors (LDRS) as the
sensing [Link] demand for reliable and abundant source of energy has been increasing day
by day [1]. So, government improved the usage of renewable energy sources there by curtailing
the usage of conventional source of energy. Sun is the most valued source of renewable energy.
By using photovoltaic cell we can harness solar energy and later photovoltaic effect can be used
to convert solar energy into electrical energy and this energy can be used in wide applications
like solar thermal energy, solar heating, photovoltaic, solar architecture etc......[2]. The output of
photovoltaic cell directly depends on the intensity of light and sun’s positions changes
continuously in a day. As sun is a major source of this renewable energy, a dual axis solar tracker
which can track the radiations from the sun in all the directions with maximum intensity is
[Link] dual axis solar tracker takes the sun radiations as the input and converts to electrical
energy this electrical energy which is obtained fulfil majority of the country needs.[3]. Energy
absorption is maximum when the panel is perpendicular to the sun. Hence we are using a solar
tracker to maximize the energy generation and improve the efficiency 40% more than the fixed
panel. In general, during the day the single axis tracker moves from east to west with one degree
of freedom. While the modern tracker tracks east west and north south movement of the sun. In
this project we are integrating dual axis solar tracking system with weather [Link] detects
temperature, raindrop and humidity by using sensors and the output of these sensors can be seen
in liquid crystal display(LCD).Light detecting resistors(LDR’s) which can sense the maximum
intensity of light and the arduino which guides the rotation of servomotors towards the maximum
intensity of light is [Link] are used to rotate the solar [Link] are used to sense
the weather conditions.

The block diagram of dual axis solar tracking system with weather sensor is shown in fig below.

ADVANTAGES
1. Solar trackers generate more electricity in roughly the same amount of space needed for
fixed-tilt systems, making them ideal for optimizing land usage.
2. Advancements in technology and reliability in electronics and mechanics have drastically
reduced long-term maintenance concerns for tracking systems.
3. Continuos monitoring of weather condition such as temperature, humidity, rainfall.
4. High precision sun tracking algorithm.

APPLICATIONS
 Solar power plants
 Domestic power source
SCOPE OF THE WORK
• To generate optimal level of solar power.
• Fabrication of Microcontroller using ASIC concept.
• Design improvements.

REFERENCES
1. Falah [Link];Sarmid Shakir;Faiz [Link];Athmar Thamer Naiyf2018 9th
International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC).
2. T. Zhan, W. Lin, M. Tsai, G. Wang, "Design and Implementation of the Dual-axis Solar
Tracking System IEEE", 37th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference, pp.
276277, 2011.
3. M. Zolkapli, S. A. AI-Junid, Z. Othman, A. Manut, Mohd Zulkifli, "IEEE", International
Conference on Technology Informatics Management Engineering & Environment, pp. 43-
47, 2013.
4. Nabee1 Abid Al-Sahib,Fa1ah [Link],Ayad [Link], The Fourth International
Renewable Energy Congress, December 20-22, 2012.
5. Falah Mustafa,Abd Salam Al-Ammri,Farouk Ahmad,The eighth International Renewable
Energy Congress (IREC 2017), March 21-23, 2017.
6. Soumen Ghosh, Nilotpal Haldar, International Journal of eme Technology and Advanced
Engineering, vol. 4, no. 12, December 2014.
7. Hussain [Link],Abulrahman Siddiq,Marwa [Link],American Journal of Energy
Research, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 23-27, 2017.
8. [Link],Dhruva Aravind, [Link],Bhaskar Reddy International Journal of
Scientific & Engineering Research, vol. 6, no. 9, September 2015.
9. F.A. Hunter, B.P. Dougherty, M.W. Davis,"Measured performance of building integrated
photovoltaic panels", Proc. Solar energy: the power to choose, 2001.
10. [Link], A.V. Yurchenko,[Link],[Link],"Solar tracker", Siberian
Journal of Science, vol. 4, no. 3, 2012.

Project Guide HOD EEE