UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO

Faculty of Arts and Science

MAT133Y1Y: Calculus and Linear Algebra for Commerce
Final Exam
L. Ashbury-Bridgwood, C. Blois, A. Pacifico, M. Pugh, and J. Ransford
April 18, 2022
Duration: 180 minutes
Aids Allowed: Scientific Calculator

Full Name:

Student Number:

UofT Email Address: @[Link]

Signature:

Instructions
• Keep this booklet closed, until an invigilator announces that the test has begun. However, you may fill out
your information in the box above before the test begins.
• Please place your student ID card in a location on your desk that is easy for an invigilator to check without
disturbing you during the test.
• Turn your cell phone completely off (not just in vibrate mode) and store it with your other belongings
under your desk.
• One approved scientific calculator may be used. No other aids are permitted.
• For multiple-choice questions, please colour in the bubble(s) corresponding to your answer using a dark pen
or pencil. Ambiguous answers will not receive credit.
• For written response questions, please write clearly and concisely in a linear fashion. Explain your steps. Use
full sentences. Correct final answers must be well-justified in order to receive credit.
• Please write your answers into the boxes. Ample space is provided within each box, however, if you must use
additional space, please use the blank page at the end of this booklet, and clearly indicate in the given box that
your answer is continued on the blank page.
• This test booklet contains 14 pages and 15 questions. If your booklet is missing a page, please raise your hand
to notify an invigilator as soon as possible.
• Do not remove any page from this booklet.
• Scrap paper will be distributed separately. Please raise your hand to ask an invigilator if you need more scrap
paper. Anything you write on the scrap paper will not be marked.

Page: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total
Points: 10 10 12 9 8 6 10 10 9 10 2 96
Score:

1
1. (4 points) Below is an augmented matrix for a linear system of equations.
 
1 1 0 5
 0 1 −1 2 
0 0 0 0

(a) Which of the following words best describes the set of solutions for the linear system?
point line plane cylinder
(b) Please write the solution set in parametric form. Show any calculations you do in the space below.

x1 = x2 = x3 =

2. (2 points) There are three functions graphed below: a function f , its derivative f 0 , and an antiderivative
F of f . Which is which? Please write the curve labels A, B, and C in the appropriate boxes below.
y
A Curve is the graph of F .
B
C Curve is the graph of f .
Curve is the graph of f 0 .
x
3. (4 points) Mr. Bean is driving down the road at a velocity of 20 m/s. As he approaches an intersection,
the traffic light changes from green to yellow. When he is 25 m away from this intersection, he slams
on his brakes and decelerates to a stop in 2 seconds. His velocity is shown in the table below.

Time since brakes applied (s) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

Velocity (m/s) 20 14.2 8.9 3.7 0

Did Mr. Bean stop before he reached the intersection? Explain your reasoning below.
Yes, he definitely did. We don’t know for sure. No, he definitely did not.

2
4. (10 points) A rectangular swimming pool is to be built with an area of 50 square metres. The owner
wants 2-metre-wide decks along the two ends of the pool and 1-metre-wide decks along the sides, as
shown in the figure below. Use calculus to find the smallest possible area of the pool and surrounding
decks, satisfying these conditions. Define any variables you use. Justify your answer; show all of your
reasoning. Write clearly.

1m

50 m2
2m 2m

1m

The smallest possible area of the pool and surrounding decks is .

You may round to the nearest 0.1. Include units in the second box.

3
5. (12 points) Let B(x) be the cost, in thousands of dollars, for the City of Toronto to construct x km of
bike lanes along Bloor Street in May. Let b(x) = B 0 (x). The following information is known:
Z 5
b(0) = 38 B(3) = 110 b(x) dx = 130
0
b(5) = 18 B(5) = 150
Please evaluate each of the following quantities, show your reasoning, then interpret its meaning in the
form of a sentence. Your audience for the interpretation is the general public.
Z 5
(a) b(x) dx =
3
Find the value. Show your reasoning. Then write your answer in the box above.

Interpret the value for the public:

(b) B(0) =
Find the value. Show your reasoning. Then write your answer in the box above.

Interpret the value for the public:

Z 5
(c) b(3) + b0 (x) dx =
3
Find the value. Show your reasoning. Then write your answer in the box above.

Interpret the value for the public:

4
6. (7 points) Thanks to a generous alumnus donor, the UofT is planning to introduce a new scholarship
program, which will provide $8000 to one student each year. The first scholarship will be given in 2
years from today. However, the donor needs to determine how much they need to donate today in order
to ensure that the university can continue giving these scholarships forever. The UofT will store the
donation in an account with an interest rate of 3% per year, compounded annually.
(a) Find the present value of the first $8000 scholarship, which will be awarded in two years from
today. Show your reasoning. Round to the nearest cent.

The present value of the first $8000 scholarship is $ .

(b) Which of the following represents the donation required today, in order to fully fund the scholarship
program? Shade in the bubble for all correct answers.
∞
X ∞
X
8000(1.03)−i −8000 − 7766.99 + 8000(1.03)−i
i=0 i=0
∞
X ∞
X
8000(1.03)−i (1.03)−2 8000(1.03)−i
i=2 ∞ i=0
X
−2 −i
(c) Explain why (1.03) 8000(1.03) does or does not correctly represent today’s donation.
i=0

7. (2 points) A new business generates profits at a continuous rate of S(t) = 5000t dollars per year,
where t is the time in years since Jan 1, 2022. These profits are continuously deposited into an account
that collects interest at a rate of 3% per year, compounded continuously. Assuming no other deposits
or withdrawals, how much will be in the account on Jan 1, 2032? Please express your answer in the
form of an integral, but do not evaluate it. You are not required to explain.

5
8. (8 points) The contour map below represents the wheat production W , measured in megatonnes (Mt),
in Saskatchewan in a year, as a function of the total rainfall R in millimetres (mm) and the average
temperature T in degrees Celsius (◦ C), during the growing season. Let W = f (R, T ).
(a) Use the contour map to estimate the values of fR (240, 14) and fT (240, 14). Show your work.

T (◦ C)
15

14

13 11
10
12 9
8
7
11 6
5
10 4 R (mm)
220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300

fR (240, 14) ≈ , fT (240, 14) ≈

Round to the nearest 0.01. Include units in the second boxes.

(b) Suppose that last year, the total rainfall was 240 mm and the average temperature was 14.0◦ C
throughout the growing season. Due to climate change, it is expected that the average temperature
in the growing season will rise by about 0.18◦ C next year. How will the wheat production in
Saskatchewan be affected? Show your reasoning. Be sure that all of the quantities you use
in your calculation are well-labeled, so that the reader sees where they came from.

The wheat production in Saskatchewan will by about .

increase/decrease
Round to the nearest 0.01. Include units in the second box.

6
9. (6 points) The contour map for a function z = f (x, y) is shown below.

1 0.2
0.4 0.3
0.2 0.1 0 0.1
H 0.4
0.8 -0.1 0.3
-0.2 0
-0 0.2
.1
0.6
1 G
0. 0 0.
1
0.4 -0.3
J
-0.
2
-0.

-0.2
1

0.2
-0.1 -0.1

0
0 0 0 0
F

0
A B 0.1
E
-0.2
0.2

0.1
0.1

-0.4

0.2
-0
.1 C
0

-0.6 0.3 0.3

0.2 2
0 -0.
-0.8 0.1 0.1 -0.3
D -0.4
-0.2 -0.1 0 -0.1
-0.4 -0.3
-1 -0.2
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

(a) At which labelled point(s) does f have a local maximum?

(b) At which labelled point(s) does f have a local minimum?

(c) ∇f (J) points in which of the following directions?
~i −~i ~j −~j ∇f (J) = ~0 Other:
(d) ∇f (B) points in which of the following directions?
~i −~i ~j −~j ∇f (B) = ~0 Other:
(e) ∇f (C) points in which of the following directions?
~i −~i ~j −~j ∇f (C) = ~0 Other:
(f) Among the following points, where does ∇f have the largest magnitude?
A B C D E

7
10. (10 points) Consider the function

f (x, y) = 2x2 + xy 2 − 10xy + 3

Find all critical point(s) and classify them as local maxima, local minima, or saddle points. Show your
reasoning carefully.

In the table below, please record the critical points in order of increasing y-coordinate. You don’t
necessarily need to fill all rows. For example, if there is only one critical point, fill the first row only
and leave the bottom three rows blank.
Critical Point Classification
(x, y)
local maximum local minimum saddle point unknown

local maximum local minimum saddle point unknown

local maximum local minimum saddle point unknown

local maximum local minimum saddle point unknown

8
11. (10 points) A factory produces chinchilla food. The quantity of chinchilla food Q (measured in hundreds
of kilograms) produced in a day can be expressed as a function of the number of worker hours W used
and the amount of capital K used, according to the formula,
3 1
Q(W, K) = 2W 4 K 4 .

The employees are paid $15 per hour, and each unit of capital costs $25. Suppose that the factory has
a budget of $800 per day. How many worker hours and how many units of capital should the factory
use in order to maximize their production? Use the method of Lagrange multipliers. Briefly justify
that the solution you found is indeed a maximum. Show all of your reasoning below.

They should use worker hours and units of capital.

9
12. (2 points) You are planning to spend 20 hours studying for two upcoming tests; you expect one test
to be harder than the other. You want to maximize your total grade (measured in points) on the two
tests, which depends on how you divide your study time between the two tests. You use the method of
Lagrange multipliers to solve this optimization problem. What is the practical meaning of the statement
λ = 4?
In order to maximize your total grade, you should study for 4 more hours for the hard test
than for the easy test.
In order to maximize your total grade, you should study 4 times as long for the hard test
than for the easy test.
If you spend another 4 hours studying, you could gain about 1 more point.
If you spend another 1 hour studying, you could gain about 4 more points.

13. (7 points) Consider the integral

Z 1 Z x+1
I= f (x, y) dy dx
0 x2
Sketch the domain of integration on the grid below. Be sure to label all edges and corners (if any). Then
write I as an iterated integral, or sum of iterated integrals, in the order dx dy. Explain your process.

0 x
0 1 2

Expressed in the order “dx dy”,

I=

10
14. (10 points) A local pub wants to know which of their drinks will be more popular next week. Due
to stocking limitations, they are only able to sell up to 5 barrels of beer and up to 4 barrels of cider
each week. Let x and y represent the amount (in barrels) of beer and cider they will sell next week,
respectively. Based on past data, they determine that the joint probability density function f for their
sales of beer and cider is
1
f (x, y) = (5 − x)(4 − y),
100
where 0 ≤ x ≤ 5 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 4. What is the probability that they will sell more beer than cider next
week? Show all of your reasoning and include a diagram to support your work.

y
5

0 x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

There is a % chance that the pub sells more beer than cider next week.
Round your answer to the nearest 0.1%.

11
15. (2 points) You’ve finished the test! Please take a moment to reflect. There are no right or wrong
answers to this question, however, you will receive points for answering.

(a) Which question did you feel the most confident about solving?

(b) Which question did you find the most challenging?

(c) Before you leave the exam room, please check all of your work. Find at least one solution that you
can make an improvement on. Briefly summarize the improvement you made below.

I made an improvement in my solution to Question . My improvement was...

This space is provided for additional space for your solutions if needed. If you must use this space, be sure
to clearly indicate in the original question that your solution is continued on Page 12.
Do not remove this page from the test booklet.

12
This space is provided for additional space for your solutions if needed. If you must use this space, be sure
to clearly indicate in the original question that your solution is continued on Page 13.
Do not remove this page from the test booklet.

13
This space is provided for additional space for your solutions if needed. If you must use this space, be sure
to clearly indicate in the original question that your solution is continued on Page 14.
Do not remove this page from the test booklet.

14