Anica M.
Ruiz Grade 11 Jade
Lesson 1 “DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES”
In this lesson I have learned that “Man is a Social Animal” by Aristotle that
man loves to live in society with other human beings, also the animals. The
difference between animals and humans is that animals do not have a perfect
mind, unlike humans who are capable of thinking. However, if you are unable
to think properly, you are considered as animals because you are not able to
think well, this is what I learned that Aristotle said.
Social Sciences is part of this lesson that talked about the body of
knowledge or discipline that deals with the socio-cultural aspects of human
behavior in the society. It attempts to explain and describe human behavior in
a society, and subjects that relate to the foundation and growth of human
society. It involves the studying the society and many ways people behave and
affect world we live in. Nature is a unique combination of various discipline, a
study of human relationships, a study of man’s development through ages, a
realistic course of study , it forms part of the core curriculum and aims in
preparing the learners for wholesome social living. The broad functions of
social sciences plays a very significant role in dealing with the complexities of
human behavior in the society as it relates with natural sciences in addressing
social problems.
The functions of the social sciences has 9 functions anthropology,
economics, geography, history, linguistics, political science, sociology,
psychology, demography. Anthropology; it attempts to study both the
biological and cultural aspects of human beings. It seek answer to where,
when, and why humans appeared on earth in the hope of reconstructing
human societies. Economics; it concentrates on how a particular society utilize
a limited resources. It can answer the questions what, how, and for whom are
goods to be produced. Geography; it focus to study the features of the earth
and the location of living things on the planet. It also examines how and where
groups of people live. History; it attempts to ascertain, record, and explain
facts and events. Linguistics; it concentrates on studying how languages have
taken place on various language over time. Political science; its primary
concern is to study the systems and processes of the government. Sociology;
its interest is to discover repetitive and general patterns of human behavior as
they interact with one another. Psychology; it covers the nature, internal and
external factors that affects human behavior. Demography; it statistically
study the human populations. It appreciates how the population dynamics of
birth and aging affect ‘the society. This is my reflection of this lesson.
Anica M. Ruiz Grade 11 Jade
Lesson 2: “ COMPARING AND CONTRASTING SOCIAL SCIENCES
DISCIPLINE
TO NATURAL SCIENCES AND
HUMANITIES”
In this lesson I have learned that science is defined as body of knowledge
concerned with the observation and classification of facts. Science also have 6
important characteristics; empirical, propositional, logical, public, problem-
solving, and continues. Empirical define as phenomenon should be observable
using the different senses. Propositional things are explained in the form of
statements or generalizations. Logical employs the ruler of logic in order to
validate inferences. Public ideas are communicated from one scientists to
another. Problem- solving presents rational explanation about unexplained
observation. Continues knowledge is built upon by previous and future
research on the subject.
Social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities the three out of four
categories of human knowledge, each discipline has its own history, and
methods. Social Sciences defined as body of knowledge or discipline that
deals with the socio-cultural aspects of human behavior in the society. Social
sciences also has unpredictable results and qualitative side. Natural science
are the body of knowledge that tends to study the natural world are
sometimes called hard sciences such as biology, earth science, physical
science. Natural science also defined as experiments to validate its hypothesis
and quantifiable data. Humanities it investigates human contracts, and tends
to humanized human through arts, music and literature.
The scientific methods also part of this lesson that have 5 parts; topic,
problem, hypothesis, methods of inquiry/data gathering, and analysis. Topic;
defined as a researcher selects a particular subject matter depending on his or
her interest, if could be purely accidental sometimes. Problem; the researcher
defines the nature of the problem where a theory can be developed along the
way, this is most important phase of inquiry . Hypothesis; the researcher
formulates a general statement of the problem that could give him or her an
idea on what to gather or omit. Methods of inquiry/data gathering; this is the
stage of empirical research involving the use of senses and/or precision
instruments, phenomenon must be carefully and accurately described and
recorded. Analysis; the researcher formulate a scientific theory after a through
analysis of data: A theory can be change or revised depending on the results.
Anica M. Ruiz Grade-11 Jade
Lesson 3: “BASIC CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES IN SOCIAL
SCIENCE”
In this lesson I have learned the concepts of social sciences disciplines has
five parts; anthropology, economics, geography, linguistics, and history.
Anthropology has three branches; physical anthropology, cultural
anthropology, and archeology. Physical anthropology; defined the study of
human biology. Cultural anthropology; the study and comparative analysis of
preliterate societies including all aspects of human behavior. Archeology; the
study of earlier cultures and way of life. Economics has two fields;
microeconomics and macroeconomics. Macroeconomics; economics functions
as a whole or its basic subdivisions or the business rectors. Microeconomics;
focuses on the behavior of individual agents, like household, industries and
firms. Geography has two main branches; physical science and human
geography. Physical science; the earth sciences perspective. Human
geography; human aspects specifically the concepts of culture. And also has
five geography themes; Relationships, Location, Place, Region, Movement.
Linguistics has three parts; morphology, phonology, and syntax. Morphology;
the study of language forms. Phonology; the study of sounds of language.
Syntax; the study of words is formed into phrases. History has eight branches;
social history, political history, economic history, diplomatic history, military
history, history religion, history of women, environmental history. Social
history defined the experience of common people. Political history defined
political ideas, events, movements, parties, and leaders. Economic history
defined economic occurrences, way of living, distribution of goods and
services. Diplomatic history defined international relations between states.
Military history defined military affairs, strategies, doctrine, and armed
conflict. History religion defined religious experience and ideas. History of
women defined as women’s role history. Environmental history defined human
interaction with nature and environment.
The concepts and processes of social sciences disciplines, the processes
first comparative politics, next policy studies, third political theory and last is
political economy. The concepts are sociology and psychology. Sociology has
two branches; general sociology and special sociology. General sociology
defined deals with the properties and homogeneity common to all social and
cultural phenomena. Special sociology defined focuses on specific sociocultural
phenomenon. Psychology has ten branches abnormal psychology, behavioral
psychology, cognitive psychology, comparative psychology, cross-cultural
psychology, educational psychology, forensic psychology, health psychology,
personality psychology and social psychology. Abnormal psychology defined
depression to obsession compulsion. Behavioral psychology defined the idea
that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Cognitive psychology
focuses on internal states such as motivation, problem solving, decision-
making and attention. Comparative psychology study of animal behavior. Cross
cultural psychology development across lifespan from childhood to adulthood.
Educational psychology concerned with schools and educational issues.
Forensic psychology deals with issues related to psychology and the law.
Health psychology influence health illness. Personality psychology focuses on
the patterns thoughts and feelings. Social psychology explain and understand
social behavior including groups.
Anica M. Ruiz Grade-11 Jade
Lesson 4: “BRIEF OVERVIEW OF ANCIENT TIME OF EARLY
CHRISTIANITY”
In this lesson the Christianity has been the largest religious of the world,
2.3 billion people who are the part of the Christian religion. During the 1 st
century Christianity from small sect of Judaism, when Jesus was born, he
adopted the culture of the Jesus. He was one of the teachers who disseminated
his ideas in the roman province. Jesus preached about peace, love and justice
across Judea. The significant events of early Christianity is also part of this
lesson that talked about the life of Herod, the great king of Judea. The life of
basil great one of the founding fathers od the eastern Christian church and
byzantine monasteries. The life of Jesus Christ(6BCW-30BCE). Armenia adopts
Christianity as the state religion.
The significant figures of the early Christianity first is represent Jesus who
is the Christian religion is believed to be the Messiah( meaning the anointed
one) also believed that he was the anointed son of king David. Second is
symbolized St. Paul the apostle as the considered to ve the most significant
person after Jesus in the history of Christianity, he is the one of Jesus
discipline who continue to teach and share the gospel to other people. Lastly
is characterizes Constantine the great. He was a Roman emperor who first
embraces and converted to Christianity.
The contribution of ancient civilization; Egyptian civilization contribute in
Hieroglyphics, Math and the Society. Aztec Civilization contributes to
Cultivation techniques, Astronomy, and the Arts and Architecture.
Mesopotamia Culture contributes in Writing, Calendar, Wheel and Flow,
Metallurgy, First code of Laws, Architecture, Irrigation, and Anthropology and
Astronomy. Green civilization contributes in Arts, Philosophy, Theatre,
Sciences , Democracy, and Olympic games. Mayan civilization contribute in
Astronomy and Architecture. Indian contributes in Math. And Chines
Civilization contributes in Arts, Sciences, and Architecture. My reflection in
lesson 4.
Anica M. Ruiz Grade-11 Jade
Lesson 5: “BRIEF OVERVIEW OF MIDDLE AGE TO
ENLIGHTENMENT”
In this lesson I have learned that Middle ages also recognized as the
Medieval Period, was regarded by scholars as the lasting from the fall of Rome
in 476 AD to the birth of Modern Age starting around 15th to 16th century. The
major events about the Middle ages is the Catholic church had a huge power
and influence King and Queens were obligated to act according to the requests
of the church. In 1095 Pope Urban ll called upon Christians to go to war
against the Muslims, an event that was soon called Crusades. Feudalism was
the dominant social system during the Middle Ages. Under feudalism the King
distributed large pieces of land to Nobleman. The Nobleman employed serfs to
work their land with most of the produce going back to the Nobleman.
The period of Enlightenment emerged, European politics, philosophy,
communications and science were fundamentally reoriented. Enlightenment
thinkers thinker of Europe questioned traditional religious views and authority,
and advocated about rational change towards humanity. The Movement,
known as the Age of Reason that generated various essays, books, inventions,
laws, wars, scientific discoveries and revolution.
The Enlightenment important 17th century precursors first is Francis Bacon who
was the Father of Empiricism. Second is Thomas Hobbes who was the key
figure in the Political Debates. Lastly, Rene Descartes who was the Father of
Modern Philosophy. And also the key natural philosophers of Scientific
Revolution. First philosopher is Galileo Galilei the Father of observational
astronomy, Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as
polymath. Next is Johannes Kepler the German astronomers, mathematician,
astrologer, natural philosopher, and writer on music. Lastly is Gottfried
Wilhelm Leibniz the German polymath active as a mathematician, philosopher,
scientist and diplomat who invented calculus “ he has called the “last
universal genius”. This is the reflection of lesson 5.
Anica M. Ruiz Grade-11 Jade
Lesson 6: “BRIEF OVERVIEW OF FRENCH REVOLUTION TO INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION”
In this lesson discussed the French Revolution that started in 1789 and
ended in the 1790’s as Napoleon Bonaparte took part being Frances new
leader. Also has the important events of the French Revolution, first important
events is Rise of the third estate is started mobilizing support for equal
representation and abolishment of the noble-voting by head and not by status.
The tennis court oath; formally adopted the title of national assembly and
three days, they gathered in an indoor tennis court and pledge what we call
tennis court oath. The Bastille and the great fear; it was on July 14 when
renters charged towards the Bastille fortress in an attempt to secure
gunpowder and weapons. Declaration of the Rights of man and of the citizen;
the assembly approved of declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen
where in democratic principles. French Revolution Becomes Radical; the
violence emerged where in Parisian insurrections massacred accused counter
revolutionaries. The Reign of Terror; the Jacobians took control of national
convention and established of radical measures as eliminating Christianity.
French revolution ends Napoleon rise; on August 22, 1795, the National
Convention signed a new constitution that became France bicameral
legislature.
18th century is part of the lesson that came to an end the Expensive
spending of King Louis XVS and his predecessor. King Louis XVll who was the
last King of France, Marie Antoinette who was the last Queen of France,
Napoleon Bonaparte he was a French emperor and military commander,
Emmanuel Joseph Sieves who was a French Catholic and Political writer, and
last of predecessor is Maximilien Robespierre who was a leader of the French
Revolution best know for spreading the Reign of Terror.
The notable inventions from Industrial revolution is part of this lesson that
has eight inventions from Industrial Revolution first is spinning jenny; is a
multi- spindle spinning frame and was one of the key developments in the
industrialization of tactile manufacturing. Second is the water frame a
spinning machine powered by water. Third is the watt’s steam engine
developed by Scotsman James Matt (1736-1819). Fourth is the steam
locomotive also known as the steam railway locomotive that was invented by
Richard Trevithick. Fifth is the electric generators Michael Faraday showed
experimentally how an electric current would be generated using a coil and
the poles of magnet. Sixth is the incandescent lamp Joseph Wilson Swan in
England and later, Thomas Edison in the United States separately invented a
practical incandescent lamp. Seventh is the telephone Alexander Bell the
telephone is a device that transmits sound including the human voice through
the use of electric current. Lastly is the automobile the first motorcycle and
motorcar where constructed by Daimler and Karl Benz, it is a vehicle that
powered by gasoline.
