F. Maths 0775 Paper 2 Marking Guide
F. Maths 0775 Paper 2 Marking Guide
MATHS
[Link] 0775 PAPER 2 – SWR MOCK
GCE 2022
materials at [Link]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
1. + 2𝑥 = 𝑦------(1) and + 𝑥 = 0---------(2)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
a) Diff. (1) wrt t ⟹ + 2 = and from (2), 2 +2 + 𝑥 = 0. M1
𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
b) Aux. eqtn: 𝜆 + 2𝜆 + 1 = 0 ⟹ 𝜆 = −1, −1. ∴ 𝑥 = (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑡)𝑒 −𝑡 -------------------(𝛼)
2
M1A1
𝑑𝑥
= 𝐵𝑒 −𝑡 − (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑡)𝑒 −𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (1) ⟹ 𝑦 = 𝐵𝑒 −𝑡 + (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑡)𝑒 −𝑡 ------------------(𝛽)
𝑑𝑡
M1A1
c) 𝑡 = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 0 𝑖𝑛 (𝛼) & (𝛽) ⟹ 𝐴 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 = −1 M1
∴ 𝑥 = (1 − 𝑡)𝑒 −𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = −𝑡𝑒 −𝑡 A1 TOTAL=7
1 𝑛
2 a) 𝑀 = ( ) , 𝑛 ∈ ℤ and let ×𝑚 = 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑜𝑛
0 1
1 𝑥 1 𝑦 1 𝑥+𝑦
Closure: ∀𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ ℤ, ( )( )=( ) ∈ 𝑀 ∴ 𝑀𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 ×𝑚 M1
0 1 0 1 0 1
Associativity: Assumed.
1 0 M1
Identity element: 𝑛 = 0 ⟹ 𝑒 = ( )∈ℤ
0 1
1 1 1 −𝑛 1 −𝑛
Inverse elements: 𝑀−1 = |𝑀| 𝐴𝑑𝑗. 𝑀 = 1 ( )=( )∈𝑀 M1
0 1 0 1
1 𝑥 1 𝑦 1 𝑥+𝑦 1 𝑦 1 𝑥
Commutativity: ( )( )=( )=( )( ) M1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
1 𝑛
∴ The set of matrices of the form ( ) , 𝑛 ∈ ℤ, forms an Abelian group under
0 1
matrix multiplication.
𝑥3
b) 𝑓(𝑥) ≡ (𝑥 2 +2)3 Let 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 2 ⟹ 𝑥 = √𝑦 − 2 M1
3
(√𝑦−2) (𝑦−2)√𝑦−2 𝑦√𝑦−2 2√𝑦−2 √𝑦−2 2√𝑦−2 𝑥 2𝑥
i) ∴ 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦3
= 𝑦3
= 𝑦3
− 𝑦3
= 𝑦 2 − 𝑦3
= (𝑥 2 +2)2 − (𝑥 2 +2)3 M1A1
2 M1
ii) Let 𝑢 = 𝑥 + 2 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 ∶ 𝑥 = 0 ⟹ 𝑢 = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 1 ⟹ 𝑢 = 3.
1 3 𝑥 2𝑥 𝑑𝑢 3 𝑢−2 1 1 1 3 1
Then ∫0 𝑓(𝑥) = ∫2 ((𝑥2 +2)2 − (𝑥2 +2)3 ) 2𝑥 = ∫2 ( − 𝑢−3 ) 𝑑𝑢 = 2 [[𝑢2 − 𝑢] ] = 72
2 2 M1A1 TOTAL=10
3.a) Let 𝑃𝑛 𝑏𝑒 ∑𝑛𝑟=1(𝑟 2 + 1)𝑟! = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)! , ∀𝑛 ∈ ℤ+
𝑃1 ⟹ ∑1𝑟=1(𝑟 2 + 1)𝑟! = 1(1 + 1)! 𝑖𝑒 2 = 2. ∴ 𝑃1 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒. M1
Assume 𝑃𝑘 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 ⟹ ∑𝑘𝑟=1(𝑟 2 + 1)𝑟! = 𝑘(𝑘 + 1) ! M1
𝑃𝑘+1 ⟹ ∑𝑘+1 2 𝑘 2 2
𝑟=1 (𝑟 + 1)𝑟! = ∑𝑟=1(𝑟 + 1)𝑟! + 𝑈𝑘+1 = 𝑘(𝑘 + 1)! + [(𝑘 + 1) + 1](𝑘 + 1)!
M1
= (𝑘 + 1)! [𝑘 + (𝑘 + 1)2 + 1]
= (𝑘 + 1)! (𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 + 2)
= (𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 + 2)! A1
which is 𝑃𝑛 , when 𝑛 = 𝑘 + 1.
𝑃1 is true, and 𝑃𝑘+1 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑃𝑘 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒. ∴ 𝑃2 , 𝑃3 , 𝑃4, ------, 𝑃𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 ∀𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ ,
𝑏𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 induction.
b)(i) 54 = 21(2) + 12 3 = 12 – 9 (ii) 54𝑥 ≡ 12(𝑚𝑜𝑑21) M1A1
21 = 12(1) + 9 = 12 – (21 – 12) 3 = (54,21) ie the eqtn has 3 solns which
12 = 9(1) + 3 = 12(2) – 21 differ by 21/3 ie 7 M1
9 = 3(3) = (54 – 21(2))2 – 21 4(1) ⟹ 12 = 54(8) + 21(- 20)
∴3= (54,21) 3 = 54(2) + 21(- 5)-------(1) But 21(−20) ≡ 0(𝑚𝑜𝑑21) M1
∴ 54(8) ≡ 12(𝑚𝑜𝑑21) ⟹ 𝑥0 = 8(𝑚𝑜𝑑21)
∴ 𝑥 ≡ 1,8,15(𝑚𝑜𝑑21) A1 TOTAL=9
4.a) 𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑥 = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑦 ----------⟹ 𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑥 = 9𝑆𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥---------------(1)
5 2 M1
2𝑆𝑖𝑛ℎ𝑥 = 5 − 6𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑦---⟹ 𝑆𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥 = (2 − 3𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑦) ------(2)
25 13
(1) – (2) ⟹ 𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑥 − 𝑆𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥 = 9𝑆𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥 − 4
+ 15𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑦 − 9𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑦 ⟹ 𝐶𝑜𝑠ℎ𝑦 = 12 M1
3 A1
∴ 𝑥 = ±𝐼𝑛2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = ±𝐼𝑛 2
225 𝑦 𝑦2 M1
4.b) i) 𝑟 2 = 25−16𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 ⟹ 25𝑟 2 − 16𝑟 2 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝜃, 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 𝑟
⟹ 25𝑟 2 − 16𝑟 2 ( 𝑟2 ) = 225
𝑦2 𝑥2
∴ 25(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) − 16𝑦 2 = 225, 𝑖𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑠 25
+ 9
=1 A1
(√𝑎 2 −𝑏2 ) (√52 −32 ) 4 1
ii) 𝑎 = 5, 𝑏 = 3 ⟹ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑒 = 𝑎
= 5
= 5 1
iii) 𝐹𝑜𝑐𝑖(0, ±𝑎𝑒) = (0, ±4)
𝑎 25
1
iv) Directrices: 𝑦 = ± 𝑒 = ± 4
5𝑥 1 TOTAL=10
v) Asymptotes: 𝑦 = ± 3
5.a) 𝑎⃑ = 𝑂𝐴 ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ = 2𝑖 − 3𝑗 + 5𝑘, 𝑏⃑⃑ = 𝑂𝐵⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ = 𝑖 + 6𝑗 − 𝑘, 𝑐⃑ = 𝑂𝐶 ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ = 5𝑖 + 𝑘, 𝑑⃑ = 𝑂𝐷
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ = 3𝑗 − 2𝑘
i) ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝐴𝐵 = ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ 𝑂𝐵 − ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑂𝐴 = −𝑖 + 9𝑗 − 6𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ 𝐴𝐶 = 3𝑖 + 3𝑗 − 4𝑘 M1
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
𝑛⃑⃑ = ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝐴𝐵 ∧ ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ 𝐴𝐶 = |−1 9 −6| = −18𝑖 − 22𝑗 − 30𝑘 & 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑡𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑟⃑ ∙ 𝑛⃑⃑ = 𝑎⃑ ∙ 𝑛⃑⃑ M1
3 3 −4
ie 𝑟⃑ ∙ (−18𝑖 − 22𝑗 − 30𝑘) = −36 + 66 − 150 ⟹ 𝑟⃑ ∙ (−18𝑖 − 22𝑗 − 30𝑘) = −120
∴ 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑡𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶 𝑖𝑠 − 18𝑥 − 22𝑦 − 30𝑧 = −120 A1
𝑖𝑒 9𝑥 + 11𝑦 + 15𝑧 = 60
1
ii) 𝑉𝑜𝑙. 𝑡𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑎ℎ𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑛 = 6 |𝐴𝐷 ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ ∙ (𝐴𝐵
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ ∧ 𝐴𝐶
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ )| & 𝐴𝐷
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ = 𝑂𝐷
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ − 𝑂𝐴⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ = −2𝑖 + 6𝑗 − 7𝑘 M1
𝑉𝑜𝑙. 𝑡𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑎ℎ𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑛 =
1
|(−2𝑖
1
+ 6𝑗 − 7𝑘) ∙ (−18𝑖 − 22𝑗 − 30𝑘)| = (114) = 19𝑐. 𝑢 M1A1
6 6
𝑑𝑦
b) 𝑟 = 𝑎(1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ⟹ 𝑑𝜃 = 0
𝑑𝑦
𝑦 = 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 𝑎(1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 ⟹ 𝑑𝜃 = 𝑎(1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 = 0 M1
1 𝜋
(2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 1)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 1) = 0 ⟹ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 𝑜𝑟 − 1 𝑖𝑒 𝜃 = 𝑜𝑟 𝜋 (𝑝. 𝑣)
2 3 M1
𝜋
2𝑛𝜋 ± 𝜋 5𝜋 3𝑎 3𝑎 M1A1
G.S : 𝜃 = { 3 ⟹ 𝜃 = , 𝜋,
3 3
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟 = 2 , 0, 2
2𝑛𝜋 ± 𝜋
∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑡𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒:
3𝑎 𝜋 3𝑎 5𝜋
( 2 , 3 ) , (0, 𝜋), ( 2 , 3
) A1 TOTAL=11
2𝑎−𝑥 2𝑎−2𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 2𝑎−𝑥
6.a) i) 𝑥 = 2𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 ⟹ = = = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃, ∴ √ = 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
𝑥 2𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 2𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑥 1
2𝑎 2𝑎 2𝑎−𝑥
ii) Area 𝐴𝑟 = ∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑎 ∫𝑎 (√ ) 𝑑𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 2𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = 4𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑑𝜃
𝑥 M1
𝜋 𝜋
𝜋 𝜋 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑥=𝑎⟹𝜃= 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 2𝑎 ⟹ 𝜃 = ∴ 𝐴𝑟 = 8𝑎2 ∫ 𝜋 ∙ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑑𝜃 = 8𝑎2 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃𝑑𝜃 𝜋
2
4 2
4
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
4
M1
𝜋 𝜋
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 4 𝜋 1 𝜋
𝐴𝑟 = 4𝑎2 ∫ (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 1)𝑑𝜃 = 4𝑎2 [
𝜋
2
2
+ 𝜃] = 4𝑎2 [0 + 2 − (2 + 4 )] = 𝑎2 (𝜋 − 2)
𝜋 A1
4 4
2𝑎 2𝑎−𝑥 2𝑎 1
iii) 𝑉𝑜𝑙. 𝑉𝑟 = 𝜋 ∫𝑎 4𝑎2 ( 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 4𝜋𝑎2 ∫𝑎 (2𝑎 ∙ 𝑥 − 1) 𝑑𝑥 = 4𝜋𝑎2 [2𝑎𝐼𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥]2𝑎
𝑎
M1
= 4𝜋𝑎3 (2𝐼𝑛2 − 1) A1
𝑟 𝑉 4𝜋𝑎 3 (2𝐼𝑛2−1) 2𝑎(2𝐼𝑛2−1)
iv) 𝑉𝑟 = 𝐴𝑟 ∙ 2𝜋𝑦̅ ⟹ 𝑦̅ = 2𝜋𝐴 = 2𝜋𝑎 2 (𝜋−2)
= 𝜋−2
A1
𝑟
1
b) 𝐼𝑛 = ∫0 (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑛 𝑑𝑥, 𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = +𝑥 2 )𝑛
⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑛(2𝑥)(1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑛−1 𝑑𝑥
(1
M1
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑥 ⟹ 𝑣 = 𝑥
2 )𝑛 ]1 1 2 (1 1
𝐼𝑛 = 𝑥(1 + 𝑥 0 − ∫0 2𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )𝑛−1 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑛 − 2𝑛 ∫0 𝑥 2 (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑛−1 𝑑𝑥 M1
𝑛 1 2 2 )𝑛−1
=2 − 2𝑛 ∫0 (1 + 𝑥 − 1)(1 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 1 1
7. 𝑀 = ( 3 1 3). Let 𝑎⃑ = 2𝑖 + 3𝑗 − 𝑘, 𝑏⃑⃑ = 𝑖 + 𝑗 − 2𝑘, 𝑐⃑ = 𝑖 + 3𝑗 + 4𝑘
−1 −2 4 M1
a) |𝑀| = 2(10) − 1(15) + 1(−5) = 20 − 15 − 5 = 0
2 1 1
3 1 M1
Let 𝑎⃑ = 𝜆𝑎⃑ + 𝜇𝑐⃑ , 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 ( 3 ) = 𝜆 ( 1 ) + 𝜇 (3) ⟹ 𝜆 = 2 & 𝜇 = 2
−1 −2 4
∴ 𝑎⃑ 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏⃑⃑ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐⃑, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑎⃑, 𝑏⃑⃑ & 𝑐⃑ ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑟, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛.
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝑛⃑⃑ = 𝑎⃑ ∧ 𝑏⃑⃑ = |2 3 −1 | = −5𝑖 + 3𝑗 − 𝑘 M1
1 1 −2
∴ 𝐸𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑦 𝑝𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝑟⃑ ∙ 𝑛⃑⃑ = 0 𝑖𝑒 𝑟⃑ ∙ (−5𝑖 + 3𝑗 − 𝑘) = 0 A1
⟹ −5𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 𝑧 = 0 𝑜𝑟 5𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0
𝑥−2 𝑦+1 𝑧−1
b) 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐿: = = 𝑖𝑒 𝑟⃑ = 2𝑖 − 𝑗 + 𝑘 + 𝜆(2𝑖 − 3𝑗 − 𝑘)
2 −3 −1
2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 4 0 4
𝐿′ : 𝑟⃑ ′ = 𝑀𝑟⃑ = ( 3 1 3) (−1) + 𝜆 ( 3 1 3) (−3) = (8) + 𝜆 (0) = (8) M1
−1 −2 4 1 −1 −2 4 −1 4 0 4
A1
∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐿 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑇 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝐿′(4,8,4)
c) 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒: 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 = −1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 0 = 𝑦 ⟹ 𝑧 = 1 ⟹ 𝐴(0, 0, 1)
𝑥 = 0 = 𝑧 ⟹ 𝑦 = −1 ⟹ 𝐵(0, −1, 0)
𝑦 = 0 = 𝑧 ⟹ 𝑥 = −1 ⟹ 𝐶(−1, 0, 0)
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐴′ 𝐵′ 𝐶′
2 1 1 0 0 1 1 −1 −2
𝑀(𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶) ⟶ (𝐴′ , 𝐵′ , 𝐶 ′ ) 𝑖𝑒 ( 3 1 3) (0 −1 0) = (3 −1 −3) M1
−1 −2 4 1 0 0 4 2 1
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝐴′𝐵′ = ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑂𝐵′ − ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑂𝐴′ = −2𝑖 − 4𝑗 − 2𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ 𝐴′ 𝐶 ′ = ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑂𝐶 ′ − ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑂𝐴′ = −3𝑖 − 6𝑗 − 3𝑘
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
′ ′
𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑛⃑⃑ = 𝐴′𝐵′ ∧ 𝐴 𝐶 = (−2 −4 −2) = 0𝑖 + 0𝑗 + 0𝑘 M1
−3 −6 −3 A1 TOTAL=9
∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 = −1 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑇, 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛 (0,0,0)
1 1
8.a) i) ∑∞ 𝑟 2 3 ∞ 𝑟
𝑟=0 𝑍 = 1 + 𝑍 + 𝑍 + 𝑍 +∙ ∙ ∙ 𝑖𝑒 𝑎 𝐺. 𝑃 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑎 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟 = 𝑍 ∴ 𝑆∞ = ∑𝑟=0 𝑍 = 1−𝑍
1 𝑒 𝑖𝜃 𝑒 𝑖𝜃 1
ii) 𝑍 = 2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃) = 2
⟹1−𝑍 =1− 2
= 2 (2 − 𝑒 𝑖𝜃 )
1 1 2 2 2−𝑒 −𝑖𝜃 2(2−𝑒 −𝑖𝜃 ) 4−2𝑒 −𝑖𝜃 M1
∴ 1−𝑍 = 1 = 2−𝑒 𝑖𝜃 = (2−𝑒 𝑖𝜃 ) (2−𝑒 −𝑖𝜃 ) = 4−2𝑒 𝑖𝜃 −𝑒 −𝑖𝜃 +1 = 5−2𝑒 𝑖𝜃 −2𝑒 −𝑖𝜃
2
(2−𝑒 𝑖𝜃 )
1 4−2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃+𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃) 4−2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃+2𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 4−2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 2𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
⟹ ∑∞ 𝑟
𝑟=0 𝑍 = 1−𝑍 = 5−2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃+𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)−2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃−𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃) = 5−4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
= 5−4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 5−4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 M1A1
1 𝑟 1 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
iii) 𝐼𝑚 ∑∞ 𝑟 ∞
𝑟=0 𝑍 = 𝐼𝑚 ∑𝑟=0 [2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)] = ∑∞ 𝑟
𝑟=0 2𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = 5−4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 1
b) 𝑇: 𝑧 ⟶ 3𝑖𝑧 + 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀: 𝑧 ⟶ (2 − 𝑖)𝑧̅ − 3 + 2𝑖
𝑧 ′ −2 𝑧 ′ −2 −3𝑖 1 1 1
(1) (𝑖) 𝑇 −1 : 𝑧 ′ = 3𝑖𝑧 + 2 ⟹ 𝑧 = 3𝑖
=( 3𝑖
) (−3𝑖) = 9 (6 − 𝑧 ′ )𝑖 𝑖𝑒 𝑇 −1 : 𝑧 ⟶ 9 (6 − 𝑧 ′ )
(2) (ii) 𝑀°𝑇 = 𝑀(𝑇) = (2 − 𝑖)3𝑖𝑧 + 2 − 3 + 2𝑖 = (2 − 𝑖)[(0 − 3𝑖)𝑧 + 2] − 3 + 2𝑖
M1
= (2 − 𝑖)(−3𝑖𝑧 + 2) − 3 + 2𝑖 = 3(−1 − 2𝑖)𝑧 + 1
M1
= 3|−1 − 2𝑖|𝑧 + 1 = 3√5𝑧 + 1 A1 TOTAL=9
∴ 𝑀°𝑇 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 3√5
𝑥+1
9. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 3 + 𝐼𝑛 (𝑥−1)
1
𝑥+1 1+
𝑥
c) lim {𝑓(𝑥) − (2𝑥 + 3)} = lim 𝐼𝑛 (𝑥−1) = lim 𝐼𝑛 ( 1 )=0
𝑛→±∞ 𝑛→±∞ 𝑛→±∞ 1−
𝑥
M1
𝐴𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑠: 𝑉. 𝐴: 𝑥 = −1, 𝑥 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑂. 𝐴: 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3 A1
1 1 2𝑥 2 −4
d) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 3 + 𝐼𝑛(𝑥 + 1) − 𝐼𝑛(𝑥 − 1) ⟹ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2 + 𝑥+1 − 𝑥−1 = 𝑥 2 −1
M1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 2 = 2 𝑖𝑒 𝑥 = ±√2 = ±1.4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑓(±√2) ⟹ 𝑦 = −1.6 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = 7.6
∴ 𝑇𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠: (1.4,7.6), (−1.4, −1.6) A1
𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝑥 −∞ −1.4 −1 +1 1.4 +∞
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) − 0 − + 0 + 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3
−1.6 +∞ +∞ 𝑥 0 −3 1
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑦 3 −3
−∞ −∞ 7.6
𝑦
14
12
10
8
2
6
𝐵
4
𝐶
2
𝐴
𝑥
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
-2
-4
-6
−8
𝑥 = −1 𝑥=1