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Onja's Journey in Madagascar's Rainforest

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
32 views10 pages

Onja's Journey in Madagascar's Rainforest

Duolingo French

Uploaded by

Demsew Ashebr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Transcript

Ngofeen: It’s 1998 and 14-year-old Onja Razafindratsima is taking


careful steps. She is following a park ranger on a trail in the
Madagascar rainforest. The park ranger stops in his tracks. He
motions for Onja and her classmates to be quiet…and listen. Onja
takes it all in: the dense green rainforest, mist drifting through the
treetops…

Onja: Il y a des arbres partout autour de moi. On ne voit que ça. Un


silence extraordinaire domine la forêt tropicale. Tout ce que j’entends,
c’est la pluie sur les feuilles des arbres et le son d’une rivière, un peu
plus loin. J’ai eu un vrai coup de foudre ! C’est magique. Je me sens
chez moi.

Ngofeen: Onja is from Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar.


She’s a city girl. This school trip is her first time in the deep wilderness
of her home island. For the next two weeks she will hike and camp
with her classmates in the heart of the Analamazaotra National Park.
But right now, le garde forestier, the park ranger, is pointing at the
plants around them.

Onja: Le garde forestier nous dit : « Regardez bien tout autour de


vous : il y a des orchidées, des caméléons, des lémurs… Certaines de
ces espèces existent seulement à Madagascar. »

Ngofeen: Onja thinks of these precious species, des espèces. But


suddenly, the park ranger becomes more serious. He explains that the
forest is in danger, that some of these animals, some of the plants that
Onja and her classmates see are en voie de disparition, endangered.
They may go extinct one day…during Onja’s lifetime.

Onja: Au lycée, on nous parlait de ces espèces en voie de disparition.


Mais à cet instant, je suis au milieu de cette forêt tropicale et je
n’arrive pas à imaginer que cet endroit extraordinaire puisse
disparaître un jour. Et je me demande : « Qu’est-ce que je peux faire
pour protéger cette forêt ? »

Ngofeen: Bienvenue and welcome to “Les endroits qu’ils adorent,”


“The Places They Love,” a special season of the Duolingo French
Podcast. I’m Ngofeen Mputubwele. This season, to help you improve
your listening skills, we’re taking you on a romantic journey across the
French speaking world…only these aren’t your typical love stories.

Travel with your ears and listen as native French speakers share true
stories of the places they love.

As always, the storyteller will be using intermediate French, and I’ll be


chiming in for context in English. If you miss something, you can
always skip back and listen again. We also offer full transcripts
at [Link].

Today’s destination: the rainforest, Madagascar.

Ngofeen: Onja Razafindratsima grew up in Madagascar, a large


island in the Indian Ocean, 400 kilometers east of the African
continent. For most of its history, it was an isolated wilderness where
unique species could develop and flourish…until they became
endangered.

Onja: À cause du dessin animé Madagascar, beaucoup de gens


pensent que Madagascar est un lieu imaginaire. Mais cet endroit existe
vraiment ! C’est une île immense, dans l’océan Indien. On y trouve des
plantes et des animaux qui n’existent nulle part ailleurs dans le
monde, sauf dans les zoos. Et bien sûr, beaucoup de ces espèces sont
en voie de disparition. D’autres espèces ont déjà disparu, comme par
exemple, l’oiseau éléphant.

Ngofeen: For almost 100 years, from the late 1800s to the 1960s,
Madagascar was a French colony. So in school, Onja learned two
official languages: Malagasy, or malgache, a language indigenous to
Madagascar, and French.
Onja: À l’école, on parlait malgache mais on apprenait tous le
français. Quand je parlais français, j’avais un accent malgache. Et
quand j’ai commencé à apprendre l’anglais, j’avais un accent français !

Ngofeen: In her everyday, urban life, Onja had very little contact with
the rainforest. But in high school, she started hanging out with a club
for young environmentalists. They did all sorts of activities outside the
city.

Onja: Je m’informais sur la forêt tropicale et j’essayais de montrer


aux gens qu’il était important de la protéger. Mais peu de jeunes de
mon âge s’intéressaient à la forêt.

Ngofeen: Onja first visited Analamazaotra National Park with her


high school, and every year after that, the environmental club visited a
different national park. Onja cherished the time she spent in the
forest.

Onja: Chaque année, quand je revenais enfin dans la forêt, je


ressentais toujours la même fascination. Au milieu des arbres, dans le
silence, je retrouvais ce calme que j’adorais. Puis, à la fin du voyage, je
disais au revoir à la forêt. J’étais vraiment passionnée. Mais pour moi,
c’était juste une activité extrascolaire.

Ngofeen: During her senior year of high school, Onja and her
classmates went on one last field trip together. This time, they headed
to Ranomafana National Park, 400 kilometers south of the capital
Antananarivo. The park is home to various species of lemurs and over
130 species of frogs.

Onja: C’était un très long voyage. Ça nous a pris dix heures pour
arriver au Parc national de Ranomafana. Mais je savais que dans ce
parc, il existait des espèces d’animaux très rares. J’espérais avoir la
chance d’observer certains de ces animaux, comme le coua bleu, un
oiseau avec des yeux turquoises. Je voulais vraiment en voir un.

Ngofeen: During one of their daily hikes, Onja got to see a blue coua.
Its turquoise eyes were as beautiful as she’d hoped. She also noticed
something she had never seen on previous trips: tarps strung together
as makeshift tents. Under the tarps, there was a group of people
huddled together. They seemed hard at work.

Onja: Ces gens avaient l’air très occupés. Ils regardaient quelque
chose avec attention. Ils portaient des bottes et des vêtements à
manches longues. Leur apparence était très étrange. J’étais intriguée.
Je voulais vraiment savoir ce qu’ils faisaient.

Ngofeen: It was a group of Malagasy and foreign scientists. They


were stationed in the National Park to study lemurs — those small
primates with big, expressive eyes and long tails that can only be
found in Madagascar and nearby islands. Onja couldn’t believe that
living in un campement, a camp, in the forest, was a job.

Onja: Depuis plusieurs semaines, ces scientifiques vivaient dans une


cabane très simple, dans un campement, au milieu de la forêt. Ils nous
ont expliqué que tous les jours, ils suivaient les lémurs dans la forêt.

Ngofeen: Onja asked the scientists what they had studied to be able
to do this, to live in the rainforest, studying plants, analyzing soil and
following animals all day… It sounded like a dream! She found out
that some of them were biologists. Others were chemists.

Onja: Les scientifiques nous ont parlé de plein de métiers que je ne


connaissais pas. J’ai appris qu’ils pouvaient camper dans la forêt
pendant des mois. Je trouvais cela fascinant.

Ngofeen: It was a revelation to Onja that protecting the forest could


be more than a hobby. But could it be…her profession?

Onja: Pour moi, c’était une révélation ! Je me suis dit : « Je veux faire
ça, moi aussi ! » Pour la première fois, j’ai compris que travailler dans
la forêt, c’était possible.

Ngofeen: After Onja returned from that trip, the vision she had for
her future changed. She kept thinking about the scientists from the
rainforest, and she found herself dreaming about a new career,
studying and protecting the forest she loved. But when she looked
around her, she didn’t see any Malagasy women who did this kind of
work.

Onja: Autour de moi, je ne connaissais personne qui travaillait dans


la forêt. En plus, dans ma famille, mes parents n’avaient pas étudié à
l’université. Mais j’étais très curieuse et je savais que pour travailler
dans la forêt, je devais aller à l’université.

Ngofeen: In 2000, Onja enrolled in a natural sciences degree at the


University of Antananarivo. She wanted to see if she could make a life
working in and protecting the place she loved most: the Madagascar
rainforest.

Onja: J’ai choisi d’étudier les sciences naturelles à l’université. Pour


moi, c’était la meilleure façon d’apprendre plus de choses sur la forêt
tropicale. J’étais aussi très intéressée par les animaux, en particulier
les lémurs !

Ngofeen: When she started her classes, Onja realized just how fragile
the Madagascar rainforest really was. She learned that because their
habitats were being destroyed by mining and agriculture, and because
of poaching, 90% of the lemur population was endangered.

Onja: La destruction de la forêt tropicale est un problème complexe.


Madagascar a une très grande biodiversité, mais c’est aussi un pays
très pauvre. Alors, les gens doivent faire des choix difficiles pour
survivre. Et parfois, leurs choix mettent la forêt en danger. C’est
vraiment dommage.

Ngofeen: For Onja, this made the need to focus on conservation even
more urgent. The more people understood the rainforest, the better
they could protect it. So once she was done with her undergrad degree,
she decided to keep studying — this time, for a masters in
Conservation.

Onja: Il était encore possible de protéger la forêt. Par exemple, on


pouvait étudier le comportement des animaux et leurs interactions
avec les plantes. Ces interactions permettent de comprendre l’impact
que les décisions humaines peuvent avoir sur la santé de la forêt et de
ses habitants.

Ngofeen: One day, in 2006, a professor told Onja about an


opportunity that would change her life. An American PhD student
named Barbara Martinez was doing some research in Madagascar. She
was looking to hire a local field assistant to help study how red-ruffed
lemurs, les lémurs roux, interacted with their environment.

Onja: Cette chercheuse s’intéressait au rôle des lémurs roux dans


l’équilibre de la forêt. Alors, je voulais vraiment devenir son assistante.
C’était l’occasion parfaite d’apprendre des techniques de recherche
très utiles, de retourner dans la forêt, et de mieux comprendre
comment la protéger.

Ngofeen: A few months later, Onja joined Barbara Martinez’s team


for her first real research adventure. She would spend an entire month
in the rainforest. To get to their field site, the team first had to take a
flight to a city in the Northeast. Then, they took a boat for ten hours.
Then, they walked for a full day.

Onja: Notre campement était vraiment loin de tout. On a beaucoup


marché. C’était très fatigant, mais je me sentais bien dans la forêt,
dans le silence. Tout était très vert et très sombre. La forêt était très
dense mais on voyait un peu le ciel. Parfois, un oiseau s’envolait. Les
oiseaux étaient rouges, orange ou bleus. C’était magnifique ! Et puis
parfois, le seul bruit qu’on entendait, c’était la pluie.

Ngofeen: Onja loved the quiet solitude, but it wasn’t always easy.
There were no showers, so they bathed in the river. And while the
swarms of mosquitoes didn’t bother her too much, les sangsues, the
leeches…were another story.

Onja: Il y avait des sangsues sur les arbres, sur les feuilles des plantes,
sur le sol… J’avais l’impression qu’elles étaient partout ! Mais quand
même, je sentais que j’avais choisi la bonne carrière. Ces travaux de
recherche étaient fascinants.
Ngofeen: Every day, the team got up at 5 a.m. In groups of three or
four people, they spent hours looking toward the sky, trying to catch
lemurs moving through the treetops. For Onja, every sighting was an
event.

Onja: Les lémurs roux ont des yeux très ronds, et leur regard est très
intense. Ils nous regardent un peu comme les chiens ou les chats. Leur
fourrure est très belle et ils ont de longues queues très agiles. Pendant
cette expédition, je suis vraiment tombée amoureuse des lémurs.

Ngofeen: The next year, Onja joined Barbara’s team again, for three
months this time. The team wanted to see if lemurs foraging in healthy
parts of the rainforest also spread seeds to damaged areas, helping the
forest recover. This was the longest Onja had spent doing field work,
and she was fascinated by the idea that lemurs could help the
rainforest thrive. So she set herself another, even bigger goal.

Onja: Barbara était devenue ma mentor. Elle était aussi une source
d’inspiration pour moi. Alors j’ai décidé d’aller faire un doctorat aux
États-Unis.

Ngofeen: In 2009, Onja won a scholarship to study ecology and


evolutionary biology in Houston, Texas. She left Madagascar to
start un doctorat, a PhD, at Rice University. It was her first time
traveling so far away from her beloved island.

Onja: J’étais très heureuse de faire mon doctorat à l’étranger. Mais ce


n’était pas facile. Quand je suis partie, ma mère était très triste. Et
puis, vivre aussi loin de la forêt, c’était difficile pour moi. Mais je
devais continuer mes études pour en apprendre plus sur la forêt et
comment la protéger.

Ngofeen: At Rice, Onja joined a team of scientists specialized in


conservation. Now that she knew that lemurs could transport seeds
from one area of the forest to another, she wondered: Were lemurs
actually an essential part of a healthy rainforest? And if they were to
go extinct, what would that mean for the future of Madagascar?
Onja: Les lémurs peuvent nous apprendre beaucoup de choses sur la
structure et la diversité de la forêt. Alors comprendre l’écologie des
lémurs, c’est aussi comprendre la forêt. À ce moment-là, c’est devenu
mon principal objectif.

Ngofeen: Every year, Onja waited for summer so she could fly back
home to Madagascar for field work. She’d stop by Antananarivo to give
her family a hug before reuniting with the rainforest. Every day, she
followed lemurs to see what they ate and where they went. She stayed
in the forest for two, sometimes three months at a time.

Onja: Pour comprendre la forêt, il faut la respecter et y passer


beaucoup de temps. Il faut faire de grands sacrifices personnels.
Pendant mes expéditions, parfois je ne peux pas communiquer avec
ma famille. Mais ils comprennent que je fais ce travail par amour pour
la forêt et la biodiversité.

Ngofeen: Surrounded by her island’s lush green landscapes, Onja


was back in her element. She enjoyed every interaction with the little
creatures that came across her path: ring-tailed mongeese, tiny
chameleons, blue coua birds and of course her beloved lemurs, with
their little griffes, or claws.

Onja: Un jour, un lémur est descendu d’un arbre. Il s’agrippait au


tronc de l’arbre, avec ses petites pattes, ses cinq doigts et ses petites
griffes. J’accrochais un petit drapeau au tronc de l’arbre. Le lémur s’est
approché de moi, il a touché le petit drapeau que je venais d’installer,
et il l’a senti. Puis, on s’est regardés, tous les deux. C’était un moment
incroyable.

Ngofeen: As a PhD student, Onja was now in charge of her very own
research project, studying the impact of lemurs on her beloved, fragile
rainforest. It was her turn to hire research assistants from the
university and from villages close to her field site.

Onja: Les habitants de la région connaissent très bien la forêt. Ils


peuvent nous guider, et souvent, ils savent où on peut trouver des
lémurs. C’est très important de travailler avec eux.
Ngofeen: One day, Onja arrived at her research site. While she was
gearing up for the day, a few research assistants that had just been
hired joined her group. They looked behind and past Onja, hoping to
see who their leader was.

Onja: Ils avaient l’habitude de travailler avec des hommes, et parfois,


avec des femmes étrangères. Mais travailler avec une jeune femme
malgache, pour eux, c’était nouveau. J’ai dû leur expliquer que c’était
moi, la chef de projet, et j'en étais très fière !

Ngofeen: Onja realized she was blazing new trails and that she was
lucky to be doing it in the place she loved most. In 2015, she finished
her PhD. In the years since, her research has helped shed light on how
to maintain the immense biodiversity of Madagascar. Because, as it
turns out, lemurs aren’t just inhabitants of the rainforest. They are
critical to its survival.

Onja: Aujourd’hui, on sait que certaines plantes ont besoin des


lémurs pour survivre. Les lémurs mangent des fruits et ils plantent des
graines. Alors, ils participent à la renaissance de la forêt. Les lémurs
sont un peu les jardiniers de la forêt. Si les lémurs disparaissent,
malheureusement, l’équilibre de l’écosystème changera et toute la
forêt de Madagascar sera en danger.

Ngofeen: Onja knows there’s still a lot to do to educate people about


lemurs and their critical role as the jardiniers, or gardeners, who help
maintain a healthy rainforest. Yet, every time she travels home, she
finds more reasons to be optimistic about the future of endangered
species in her country.

Onja: À Madagascar, nous sommes de plus en plus fiers de la


biodiversité de notre pays. Maintenant, les jeunes malgaches veulent
contribuer à la protection de notre héritage. Surtout, il y a de plus en
plus de jeunes femmes malgaches qui dirigent des recherches en
conservation. Et ça, c’est une grande victoire pour Madagascar !

Ngofeen: Dr. Onja Razafindratsima is an Assistant Professor in the


Department of Integrative Biology at the University of California,
Berkeley. She is also the co-founder of Ary Saina, a non-profit that
works to educate the next generation of Malagasy conservationists,
promote scientific research by Malagasy in Madagascar and contribute
to the conservation of the island’s imperiled wildlife. We’ll put a link to
the organization’s website on the episode page.

And Onja wants to say a special thank you to her field assistants and
technicians on the ground.

Onja: Merci beaucoup !

Ngofeen: This story was produced by Adonde Media’s Martine


Chaussard.

We’d love to know what you thought of this episode! You can write us
an email at podcast@[Link] and call and leave us a voicemail
or audio message on WhatsApp at +1-703-953-93-69. Don’t forget to
say your name and where you are from!

If you liked this story, please share it! You can find the audio and a
transcript of each episode at [Link]. You can also
follow us on Apple Podcasts or your favorite listening app so you never
miss an episode.

With over 300 million users, Duolingo is the world's leading language
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world. Duolingo believes in making education free, fun and accessible
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at [Link].

The Duolingo French Podcast is produced by Duolingo and Adonde


Media. I’m your host, Ngofeen Mputubwele, à la prochaine!

Common questions

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Onja Razafindratsima's first visit to the Madagascar rainforest during a school trip had a profound impact on her, sparking a fascination with the unique biodiversity of Madagascar. Witnessing the endangered status of many species first-hand prompted her to consider actions for their protection. This experience inspired her pursuit of a career in forestry and conservation, as later evidenced by her decision to study natural sciences and conservation, leading to her becoming a conservation scientist and university professor .

If Madagascar successfully enhances its conservation efforts, the long-term ecological implications could include the stabilization and potential growth of endangered species populations, such as lemurs. This would lead to healthier ecosystems, as these species play crucial roles in seed dispersal and maintaining biodiversity. Conserved forests can act as carbon sinks, mitigating climate change impacts, and fostering sustainable tourism, which contributes to local economies. Additionally, increased ecological knowledge and education can nurture a generation committed to environmental stewardship, ensuring lasting preservation of the island’s unique ecological heritage .

Cultural, economic, and educational factors are deeply interconnected in Madagascar's conservation landscape. The cultural identity tied to unique biodiversity fosters national pride and motivates conservation efforts. Economically, while poverty pushes local communities towards environmentally harmful practices for survival, understanding these pressures is crucial for designing sustainable solutions. Education elevates awareness and enables informed decision-making, empowering locals to partake in conservation initiatives and pursue careers in the field. Together, these factors shape the effectiveness and challenges of conservation endeavors .

Onja began her educational journey with a natural sciences degree at the University of Antananarivo, motivated by her passion for preserving Madagascar's rainforest. Recognizing the fragility of the rainforest and the need for conservation, she pursued a master's degree in conservation. A pivotal opportunity arose when she worked with American PhD student Barbara Martinez, reinforcing her interest in scientific research and conservation. This experience led Onja to pursue a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology at Rice University, Texas, focusing on the role of lemurs in forest ecology .

Madagascar's biodiversity faces challenges such as habitat destruction from mining and agriculture, and poaching. These actions threaten the survival of endemic species like lemurs. The local communities are often involved in these issues due to economic pressures, as Madagascar is a very poor country where people have to make difficult choices to survive, sometimes at the expense of the environment. Understanding these dynamics is vital for effective conservation strategies .

Onja was inspired to pursue a PhD by her mentor, Barbara Martinez, and her fascination with lemurs' ecological roles in the rainforest. Her PhD studies in conservation and evolutionary biology allowed her to deepen her understanding of the rainforest’s ecosystem while contributing to her long-term goal of preserving Madagascar's biodiversity. Studying abroad broadened her scientific expertise, enriched her research capabilities, and equipped her to drive conservation efforts back home more effectively .

Meeting the scientists in the rainforest was a transformative moment for Onja, revealing that a career in environmental science and conservation was attainable. She was inspired by their work and lifestyle, which combined her passion for nature with professional opportunities in research. This encounter shifted her perception from conservation being merely a hobby to a viable career path, ultimately steering her towards higher education and a dedicated professional life in conservation .

Lemurs contribute to the rainforest ecosystem as "gardeners" by helping to disperse seeds in the forest. This seed dispersal is crucial for regenerating damaged areas of the forest and maintaining its health and biodiversity. Thus, lemurs play an essential role in sustaining the rainforest's ecological balance. Onja's studies emphasize the importance of understanding and preserving lemurs as part of broader conservation efforts for the rainforest .

Onja's advancements have significantly impacted the representation of Malagasy women in conservation science by serving as an inspiration and role model. Her successful career path, from a young enthusiast to a well-regarded conservation scientist, demonstrates that Malagasy women can thrive in scientific fields traditionally underrepresented by women. Her accomplishments help dismantle barriers and encourage other young women to pursue conservation science, enhancing gender diversity and local representation in environmental research and management .

Education plays a crucial role in shaping conservation efforts in Madagascar by raising awareness and understanding of the unique biodiversity and environmental challenges on the island. Onja's experience highlights how education can inspire young Malagasy, especially women, to engage in conservation work, spreading knowledge about ecological importance and promoting scientific research. Her own journey from a curious student to a university professor exemplifies how education can lead to impactful conservation action, fostering future leaders in environmental preservation .

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