GE221: CONTEMPORARY WORLD GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM

PRELIM
 Inter - among/between two or more things
What is the Modern World System?  State - a nation or territory considered as an
The seminal work of Immanuel organized political community under one
Wallerstein (an American Sociologist) on the government.
world-system theory (1974) is a critical  System - a set of principles or procedures
reference in the theorization of globalization. In according to which something is done; an
this work, he expounded on the theory on how organized framework or method.
the core came to dominate the periphery areas
 INTERSTATE SYSTEM
particularly in the economic world system as a
basis of his analysis. This transgresses from the - System of unequally powerful and
traditional analysis of colonization with nation- competing states in which no single state
state as starting point. is capable of imposing control on all
others. These states are in interaction
with one another in a set of shifting
Division of World Economy according to
alliance and wars and changes in relative
Wallerstein (2011)
power of states upsets any temporary set
1. Peripheral states - mostly where
of alliances, leading to a restructuring of
productions are done or raw materials
the balance of the balance of power
are sourced out.
2. Semi-peripherals - serve as distributors (Chase-Dunn, 1981:20)
or add value to the raw materials;  GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM - is an
processed or distributed the products to institutional arrangement of governance that
the core areas-sites of major demands addresses regional or globalized issues that
for goods and services. go beyond the scope of a nation-state.
3. Core states - the centre of economic
activities where most of the population MAX WEBER
lives and economic institutions and A German social theorist define state as a
services are based. compulsory political organizations with a
centralized government that maintains a
monopoly of the legitimate use of force within a
certain territory.
ELEMENTS OF A STATE
1. People- or population living in a territory
2. Territory- place where the people of state
live which includes land, water, and air.
3. Government- the working agency, decision-
making body or political organization of the
state.
There are significant and meaningful 4. Sovereignty- means supreme and final
movements of resources, products, people in legal authority above and beyond which no
different economies facilitated by modern legal power exists.
transport and communication (Chase-Dunn, a. Internal sovereignty- state is
2018). The world systems theory suggests that supreme over all its citizens and
while the world economy is ever changing, there associations.
are three basic hierarchies of countries: core,
b. External sovereignty- state is
periphery, and semi-periphery. Core countries
dominate and exploit peripheral countries. independent and free from foreign or
Peripheral countries are dependent on the core outside control.
countries for capital.

Prepared by:
RACHELLE ANN D. VALERIO, LPT
Instructor, College of Education
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON The objective is to address global challenges
GOVERNMENTS that transcend national borders and require
collective solutions. The concept of global
Globalization has had a significant impact on
governance is constantly evolving, as new
governments around the world. These are some
challenges emerge and new actors become
of the effects;
involved in the global system.
 Increased Economic interdependence
Examples of global governance
Globalization has led to increased economic
The United Nations (UN) system: Comprises
interdependence between countries. This
a range of specialised agencies, programmes,
means that governments are more likely to be and funds that work on issues such as health,
affected by economic developments in other education, climate change, and peace and
countries.
security.
 Increased Pressure to Liberalize trade UNITED NATIONS
Globalization has put pressure on governments
 Formerly known as League of Nations
to liberalize trade, this means that governments
 Formed by 51 original member states on
are more likely to remove barriers to be able to
October 24, 1945 after WWII
trade.
 Currently made of 193 member states
 Increased Challenges to National  Current Secretary-General is Antonio
Sovereignty Guterres
Globalization has also led to increase in national
MAIN BODIES OR ORGANS OF UN
sovereignty, this means that the government is
less able to control their own economies and 1. General Assembly- main policy making
societies. organ of the organization
2. Security Council- has the primary
Overall the effects of globalization in the responsibility for the maintenance of
governments has a positive and negative effect international peace and security.
that's why it’s mixed, it increased our economic 3. Economic and Social Council- center
growth positively, it also increased our of development system.
interdependence, liberalize trade in any 4. Secretariat- carries out the day-to-day
countries and in national sovereignty. work of UN as mandated by General
Assembly.
 Internationalism - puts emphasis on 5. Trusteeship Council- supervising the
diversity and celebrates multiculturalism. administration of Trust Territories.
 Globalism - focuses more on the economic Suspended its operations on November
aspect of the exchanges among countries 1, 1994 after the independence of Palau
and society. 6. International Court of Justice- main
judicial organ of the UN.
Globalism- an ideology that is much wider in
meaning, scope, and outcome.
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE The World Trade Organisation (WTO): Sets
rules for international trade and resolves
Global governance can be understood as a
disputes between member countries.
framework of institutions, rules, norms, and
procedures that facilitate collective action and The International Monetary Fund (IMF):
co-operation among countries and other actors. Provides financial assistance to countries facing
It encompasses a wide range of issues, economic crises and promotes international
including economic development, trade, human monetary co-operation.
rights, environmental protection, and peace and
security.

Prepared by:
RACHELLE ANN D. VALERIO, LPT
Instructor, College of Education
OTHER EXAMPLES:
- World Bank
- World Health Organization
- Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development
(OECD)
 38 member countries aim to stimulate
economic progress and world trade
by providing a platform to compare
policy experiences
- International Labor Organization (ILO)
 Deals with the labor problems and
international labor standards and
social protection for workers
- Food and Agricultural Organization of
the United Nations (FAO)
 Leads international efforts to defeat
hunger, eliminate food insecurity and
malnutrition, and increase resilience
of livelihoods and food.
- UNESCO
 Contributes to peace and security by
promoting international collaboration
through educational, scientific, and
cultural reforms
- International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO)
 Sets standards and regulations for
aviation safety, security and
protection
- International Maritime Organization
(IMO)
 promote safe, secure, efficient and
sustainable shipping through
cooperation.

Prepared by:
RACHELLE ANN D. VALERIO, LPT
Instructor, College of Education