OBESITY
MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BIN MUHAMMAD NOOR
WAN NUR INTAN SYAZULIAH BT WAN HARUN
CONTENT
WHAT IS OBESITY
WHAT IS THE CHARACTHERISTIC OF AN OBESE PERSON
WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF OBESITY
WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF OBESITY
HOW TO PREVENT OBESITY
CONSCLUSION
REFERENCE
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WHAT IS OBESITY?
OBESITY are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that
presents a risk to health. A body mass index (BMI) over 25 is considered
overweight, and over 30 is obese.
MALAYSIA is one of the most unbanish countries in Southeast Asia, with
majority of its population living in urban areas. This rapid urbanisation has led
to significant changes in lifestyle, dietary habist, and physical activity levels,
contributing to the rise in obesity rates in the country. A nationwide survey
conducted in 2019 revealed a rising trend in obesity prevalence, increasing
from 15.1% in 2011, to 17.7% in 2015, and finally to 19.9% in 2019 [4-6]
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WHAT IS THE
CHARACTHERITIC OF
AN OBESE PERSON?
OBESITY is a problem that does not just affect the physical apperance of an
Individual but also destroy health without reconsidering AGE or
BACKGROUND. Some of the example of an obese person are:
ADULTS:
1. EXCESS BODY FAT, PATICULARLY AROUND THE WAIST
2. SHORTNESS OF BREATH
3. SWEATING MORE THAN USUAL
4. SNORING
5. TROUBLE SLEEPING
6. SKIN PROBLEMS FOR MOISTURE ACCUMULATING IN THE
FOLDS
7. INABILITY TO PERFORM SIMPLE PHYSICAL TASK YOU
COULD EASILY PERFORM BEFORE WEIGHT GAIN
8. FATIGUE WHICH CAN RANGE FROM MILD TO EXTREME
9.PAIN, ESPECIALLY IN THE BACK AND JOINTS
10.PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES SUCH AS NEGATIVE SELF-
ESTEEM,DEPRESION, SHAME, AND SOCIAL ISOLATION
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CHILD:
1. FATTY TISSUES DEPOSITS (MAY BE NOTICEABLE IN
BREAST AREA)
2. STRECH MARKS ON THE HIPS AND BACK
3. ACANTHOSIS NIGRICIANS (DARK VELVETY SKIN AROUND
THE NECK AND OTHER AREAS
4. SHORTNESS OF BREATH WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
5. SLEEP APNEA
6. CONSTIPATION
7. GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)
8. LOW SELF-ESTEEM
9. EARLY PUBERTY IN FEMALES/DELAYED PUBERTY IN
MALES
10. ORTHOPEDIC PROBLEMS, SUCH AS FLAT FEET OR
DISLOCATED HIPS
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WHAT IS THE CAUSE
OF OBESITY?
There are many factor that can cause obesity, such includes depression, but
what are the MAIN CAUSE OF OBESITY?
1. OVEREATING
The existance of various high calorie food has caused
more people to be categorised as obese. Obesity rates
have increased due to the abundance of high-calorie,
nutrient-poor food options in modern trends like fast-
food chains and processed foods. Sedentary lifestyles
driven by technology also contribute to weight gain.
This epidemic poses significant health challenges
globally.
2. INACTIVE
Inactivity is a significant contributing factor to obesity. As modern lifestyles
become more sedentary, with increased screen time, desk jobs, and reliance
on transportation, physical activity levels have decreased. Regular exercise
helps burn calories, maintain a
healthy metabolism, and prevent
weight gain. However, a lack of
physical activity leads to an energy
imbalance, where calories consumed
are not adequately expended. This
surplus energy is stored as fat,
leading to weight gain and obesity.
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3.LACK OF SLEEP
Lack of sleep is a significant contributing factor to obesity. Inadequate sleep
disrupts hormonal balance, leading to increased appetite, especially for high-
calorie, sugary, and fatty foods. It also affects the body's ability to regulate
energy and metabolism, leading
to weight gain. Additionally,
fatigue from insufficient sleep can
reduce motivation for physical
activity, further exacerbating the
risk of obesity. Addressing this
issue involves prioritizing healthy
sleep habits and ensuring an
adequate amount of restful sleep
to support weight management
and overall well-being.
4. SMOKING
Smoking, although seemingly unrelated, can contribute to obesity. While
smoking can initially suppress appetite and increase metabolism, long-term
smoking cessation often leads to weight
gain. Nicotine withdrawal can cause
changes in taste preferences and
metabolic rate, resulting in the
consumption of more calories and
weight gain. Moreover, quitting smoking
can lead to increased snacking as a
replacement for cigarettes.
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5. GENETICS
Genetics play a role in contributing to obesity. Certain genetic factors can
influence how the body stores and processes fat, as well as how it regulates
appetite and metabolism. While genetics may predispose some individuals to
weight gain, it's important to note that lifestyle factors such as diet and
physical activity also play a significant role in determining obesity risk.
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WHAT IS THE EFFECT
OF OBESITY?
1. HEALTH CONDITION
Obesity significantly raises the susceptibility to critical health conditions,
including diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and specific forms of
cancer. The excessive accumulation of body fat triggers physiological changes
that disrupt normal metabolic and cardiovascular functioning, contributing to
the development of these potentially life-threatening illnesses.
2. REDUCED QUALITY OF LIFE
Obesity diminishes quality of life by imposing limitations on physical activities,
impeding mobility, and diminishing overall life satisfaction. The extra weight
strains the body, making movement more challenging and restricting
participation in various activities. This reduced mobility and engagement can
lead to a decrease in overall enjoyment and well-being.
3. MENTAL HEALTH
Obesity's impact extends beyond the physical realm, affecting mental health as
well. The stigma associated with obesity can lead to feelings of low self-
esteem, body dissatisfaction, and social isolation.
Moreover, there's a strong correlation between
obesity and mental health disorders such as
depression and anxiety.
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4. JOINT PROBLEM
Excessive weight takes a toll on joints, resulting in a range of joint problems,
most notably osteoarthritis and persistent joint pain. The added strain on the
joints accelerates the wear and tear of cartilage, causing discomfort, reduced
mobility, and the potential development of chronic conditions that affect joint
health.
5.CARDIOVASACULAR STRAIN
Obesity imposes significant stress on the cardiovascular system, elevating the
likelihood of heart-related
issues. The excess weight
places strain on the heart,
leading to conditions such as
high blood pressure,
atherosclerosis, and an
increased risk of heart disease.
This strain on the
cardiovascular system
underscores the importance of
maintaining a healthy weight
for overall heart health and
reducing the risk of cardiac
complications.
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HOW TO PREVENT
OBESITY?
1.HEALTHY EATING
Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits,
vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and
healthy fats while limiting sugary, processed,
and high-calorie foods.
2.REGULAR PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY
Engage in regular exercise, aiming for at least
150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic
activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity
aerobic activity per week, along with muscle-
strengthening activities.
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3.ADEQUATE SLEEP
Prioritize getting 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night, as sleep deprivation can
contribute to
weight gain.
4.SCHOOL WELLNESS PROGRAMS
Implement comprehensive wellness programs in schools that promote healthy
eating, physical activity, and education about the risks of obesity. These
programs can include nutritious school
lunches, physical education classes, and
health-focused curriculum.
5.COMMUNITY ENGANGEMENT
Organize community events like fitness challenges, health fairs, and workshops
that emphasize the importance of preventing obesity. Collaborate with local
organizations, businesses, and healthcare providers to create a supportive
environment for healthy living.
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CONSCLUSION
In summary, obesity represents a multifaceted challenge that extends beyond
aesthetics, impacting the overall well-being of individuals regardless of age or
background. Its far-reaching effects on physical health, mental well-being, and
quality of life underscore the urgency of prevention. By fostering awareness
through education, implementing community-based interventions, and
embracing personal responsibility, we can counteract this global issue. Through
collaborative efforts, we have the power to reshape societal norms, promote
healthier lifestyles, and ultimately mitigate the burden of obesity for
generations to come.
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REFERENCE
https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity#:~:text=Overweight%20and
%20obesity%20are%20defined,and%20over%2030%20is%20obese
https://www.bernama.com/en/thoughts/news.php?
id=2180972#:~:text=Malaysia%20is%20one%20of%20the,obesity%20rates
%20in%20the%20country
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.03.06.23286889v1.full
https://www.verywellhealth.com/obesity-symptoms-4689168
SCIENCE TEXTBOOK FORM 2 KSSM
Design: Hafiz
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