Geometry
GEOMETRY
02
surferft
We have divided the geometry into five sections, (b) Curve line: A line which chages its direction is
which are as follows: called a curved line.
Lines and Angle/ta stt
Triangle /fra
Quadrilateral/fG
Polygon/ET
Circle/qi A
Line Segment: A line segment has two end
Lines & Angle (teTi a AUT)
(c)
points; generally line segment is called line.
1. Point: A point is a circle of zero radius which
determines a location. It is usually denoted by a
@Baka_260
capita! letter.
Types of Lines taBI ycht)
The lines are basically of five types
Types of Point (
yhr)
(a) Colinear Points: If three or more points situated (i) Intersecting Lines: If two or more lines intersect
on a straight line, these points are called collinear each other, then they are called intersecting lines. In
points. the figure AB and CD are intersecting lines.
Example :
Points A, B, and C are collinear.
C a
st CD fao te ŽI
:
A, B, ŽI
TET faz
B
(b) Kon-collinear Points: If three or more points A
are not situated on a straight line, these points (iü) Concurrent Lines : If three or more lines pass through
are called non-collinear points. a point, then they are called concurrent lines and the
point through which these all lines pass is called point
of concurrent.
2. Line: A line is mnade up of an infinite number of points
and it has only length i.e., it does not has any
thickness (or width). A line is endless so, it can be
extended in both directions.
(a) Straight line: A line which does not change its
direction at any point is called a straight line.
A
Concurrent
point
A
>B
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) Selected Selection faHIT 13
Geometry
Right Angle: If measure of an
angle is equal to 90°,
() then it is a right angle.
A
A
B In the figure, ZAOC and BOC have a common
vertex O. Also, they have a common arm 0C and
0= 90° (ZAOB is a right angle) the distinct arms OA and OB, lie on the opposite
Obtuse Angle: If measure of an angle is more than side of the line OC.
g0° but less than 180°, then is a
it obtuse angle.
A (ii) Complementary Angles : If sum of two angles is
equal to 90°, then the two angles are called
complementary angles.
-B
90° <0< 180° (ZAOB is an obtuse angle)
(iv) Straight Angle: If measure of an angle is equal to D bot t
@Baka_260
180°, then it is a straight angle.
BAD and DAC are complenentary angles, iff+y = 90
A B (iii) Supplementary Angles: If sum of two angles is equal
to 180°, then the two angles are called supplementary
angle.
8= 180° (“AOB is a straight angle)
(v Reflex Angle: If measure of an angle is more than
180° but less than 360°, then it is a reflex angle.
D A B
A
BAC and ZDAC is supplementary angles, if x+
180° < 0
<360° (ZAOB is a reflex angle) y°= 180°
(iv) Linear Pair of Angles: Two adjacent angles are said,
Pair of Angles (aut Y) a
Adjacent Angles: Two angles are called adjacent
to forim a linear pair of angles, if their uncommon arms
are two opposite line.
angles if:
They have the same vertex,
They have a common arm,
120° 60°
Uncommon arms are on either side of the common arm.
A B
Aditya Ranjan (Excise Inspector) SelectedàSelection frIT 15
