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Chemical tanker cargoes may be divided into four main groups:
● Petrochemicals: This is the collective name for organic chemicals derived
from crude oil, natural gas and coal.
● Acids & Inorganic Chemicals: Inorganic chemicals are those which are not
produced from living or once living organisms. Acids may be organic or
inorganic.
● Alcohols & Carbohydrates: Alcohols may be derived from Hydrocarbons or may
be produced by fermentation of carbohydrates.

● Vegetable & Animal Oils & Fats: Derived from the seeds of plants and the fat
of animals or fish.

Annex I to Annex II cargo preparation/cleaning ?

● Line and bottom flush(Precleaning)
● Hot /cold SW cleaning
● FW rinsing
================ cargo tank is assumed to be cleaned============
● If circulation require or If hydrocarbon-free is required,
DETERGENT /RECIRCULATION – 3hr(eg. Sea clean, solvent, TC4, DEGREASER)
● FW rinse
● Steam/ DI
● Vent/mop/dry

Ship shore Safety checklist ?

● Pre arrival check
● After mooring check(B. Inert gas)
● Pretransfer conference
● Pretransfer check
● Pretransfer agreement
● Pretransfer check( COW, tank cleaning, gas freeing)
● Repetitive check during & after transfer

WHAT IS FLAMMABLE CARGO ?

IBC code definition

Flash point of less than 60 C >> flammable cargo
Flash point of less than 23 C >> Highly flammable cargo
ISGOTT definition
Flash point of less than 60 C

WHERE DO YOU GET CARGO INFORMATION ?

IBC code chapter 17
Shipping name>> from IBC chapter 19
IBC code 16.2.2 >> SDS
From the Shipper through charterers.
Various source of reference publication( Miracle, USCG chemical data guide, Milbros)

TELL ME ABOUT THE STATIC ACCOUMULATED CARGOS ?

Separation,Accumulation,discharge

The non conductor cargo which have conductivity of less than 50(psm-1) Pico Siemen
per meter, can generate static electricity.
Only Non conductor can accumulate charge,
Conductor never accumulate charge, always release at first opportunity.
Listed in the ISGOTT chapter 3.1

Precaution loading of SA cargo?

● Fixed gauging system must be used.
● Initial flow rate 1 ms-1( spread loading has to be considered.)
eg 6 inch=67 m3, 2 tank= 67x2 = 134 m3
● For spread loading , not more than 4 tanks(both ship and terminal must be
agreed)
● Increase L rate when tank is filled twice of diameter of drop line( eg 6 inches
drop=150mmx2=300mm= 0.3 metre)
● Bulk loading 7 ms-1( smallest pipe in the system has to be considered)= 250mm
cargo hose= 183 x7ms-1 =1281 m3
 ● No metallic objects , no synthetic objects will be introduced into the tank
● Settling time for cargo to do the ullaging , dipping , sampling and gauging
(UDSG)
● Settling time= 30 min for cargo to stop moving
● Relaxation time= half a minute for SA cargo. <Relaxation time is amount of time
that charge retain before release it>>
Maximum loading rate for cargo tanks
● 80% of maximum venting capacity of the ship( VECS manual)
● For Static accumulator cargo in non inerted , initial 1ms-1 , bulk loading 7 ms-1
● For Static accumulator cargo in inerted , initial 1ms-1 , bulk loading 12 ms-1
● Non static accumulator cargo ,initial 1ms-1 , bulk loading 12 ms-1

Where can u find SA cargo?

Miracle, Milbros, ISGOTT chapter 3.1
My own list

Where do u post SDS?

Cargo SDS + cleaning agent SDS
officer’s mess room, crew mess room, CCR, bridge, ECR, Sample locker

How many Gas measuring equipment onboard?

As a minimum, at least following gas measuring equipment shall be carried on board at
all
times and be subject to calibration both onboard and ashore as per the maintenance
schedule.
• Oxygen analysers (oxygen meter): 2 pcs.
• Explosimeter (combustible gas indicator): 2 pcs.
• Tankscope (or equivalent): 2 pcs.
• Toxic gas detectors (Draeger or Gastech or Kitagawa or 5 PID): 2 pcs.
• Personal gas detectors (capable of measuring oxygen, hydrocarbon, hydrogen
 sulphide & carbon monoxide): 5 pcs.

How will you manage chemical store?

• SDS must be posted.
• designated storage space outside of the accommodation area.
• Always store incompatible chemicals, particularly acids and caustics well
segregated from each other to prevent any exothermic reaction between such
compounds
• well ventilated and not subjected to excessive temperature

When Will you use dragger Tube?

Prior to enter enclosed space. To check the previous toxic cargo trace. Must be less than
50% of [Link] preference Zero reading . Any reading above zero but less than
50% of the OEL shall be subject to a risk assessment being submitted to the office

How would you know your ship maximum loading rate?

0.8 times of (80%) of ship’s maximum venting capacity
Ship’s maximum venting capacity= PV valve maker manual or VECS

Tank cleaning reference?

Miracle , Milbros, Dr verwey, ( Annex 1- HM50 (hydrocarbon management))

HOW TO CLEAN FLAMMABLE CARGO ? ( ANNEX 1 to ANNEX2)

WATER WHITE WWT (or) annex1 to commercial
standard
Line and Bottom flush (10-50 m3 of SW/FW manifold to drop line( not machine)
SLOPPING ( PUMP OUT TO SLOP TANK)
GAS FREE UNTIL LESS THAN 10 % LEL
PRE CLEANING ( SW RINSING ) OR FW
 Fanning ( 1 hr ) to remove smell
Tank inspection by visual or WWT
IAGW , FW FLUSHING( 15 min)
PETROCHEMICAL/ SOVENT(ATM) CARGO WHICH REQUIRED
RECIRCULATION
Steaming or DI water spray Oil product(ANNEX1)
Vent DETERGENT /RECIRCULATION – 3hr
Sea clean, solvent, TC4, DEGREASER
Mop SW RINSING ( 1hr)
Dry FANNING (1 hr)
Tank inspection by visual or WWT ( HC)
FW FLUSHING (15 min)
STEAMING OR DI WATER SPRAY
FANNING/ VENTING
Tank inspection by visual or WWT ( CL)
Mop / dry

* DETERGENT CLEANING AND STEAMING>> LEL LESS THAN 1%

How to write in ORB part 1, after cleaning of annex1 to commercial standard?

Tanks are expected to be cleaned after SW rinsing and FW flushing. Therefore, further
steps such as detergent recirculation , sw rinse, fw flush will only be recorded in the
company SMS form.

How many cleaning agent ?

● [Link], [Link] active agent(Surfactant), [Link]fier , [Link]fier
• Must be listed in MEPC circular 28
• If not , mixture must be sent ashore.
• SDS must onboard
• Must check tank coating compatibility and FW or SW compatibility

Vegetable oil/ animal oil

Saponification
Alkaline cleaner Surfactant COMBINATION CLEANER
Detergent
• Caustic soda(FW only) FW OR SW ALKALINE +
 • Caustic potash(FW only) DETERGENT(Surfactant)
• ZINC(FW only)

ANNEX 1 OIL/ PRODUCT OIL/ LUBE OIL/ Paraffin

EMULSIFICATION
SOLVENT CLEANER
HYDROCARBON BASED HYDROCARBON FREE SOLVENT CLEANER(other)
For Black oil and heavy oil Removal of hydrocarbon Based on other solvent

WAX AND PARAFFIN

ALKALINE ( CAUSTIC SOLVENT CEANER DETERGENT
POTASH)

What is Metal bright/ Rust remover / Rust off?

– Acid cleaner based on Phosphoric acid
– Removal of white residues like carbonates from caustic or calcium and magnesium
soaps from vegetable oils and vegetable fatty acids.( to remove water hardness)
– Removal of rust
– Upgrade (brightening) of stainless steel cargo tanks
– To be used in fresh water only
Not suitable for Zinc coating

What is drying oil, semi drying oil& non drying oil? ( HM 50 pg14)
● Depends on its IODINE value
● Higher IODINE number = higher chance of oxidation, heat can escalate the
process(cold Wash only), can form thin elastic film
● Non drying oil = IODINE below 110
● Semidrying oil = IODINE below 110-140
● Drying oil = IODINE between 140-190

BIOFUEL IS ANNEX1 OR 2?

Annex I cargo of >= 75% ---- comply annex1
Annex I cargo content between 1 and 75 ---- comply annex2

10)DO U KNOW ABOUT ISGOTT CLEAING FLOW CHART ?

11)WHAT IS LEL ?
12)EXPLAINED ABOUT GAS DETECTORS ?
13)GAS EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION ??
14)CCR POSTERS?

15)HOW TO OPERATE ODME ? (Clean track 1000B)

oil content x flow rate
(m3)(FO)
speed x 1000
Allow minimum 36 hours decanting time
Step 1: Set the total oil quantity limit in ODME(1/30000 previous cargo)
Step 2: line up in the pump room, ask ER for air and FW
• Check if the inlet and outlet valves for flow meter are open
• Check if Fresh water supply is available and all valves are open
• Check if sample line inlet and outlet valves are open
• Check if air supply for pneumatic valves is on.( For cycle clean , fw valve open ,
sample valve close)
• Check if cleaning solution is present in the container( For cycle clean)
• Check if power supply is on for the converter unit
• Check & rotate the sample pump shaft with hand to check if it is free to move
Step 3: Start the cargo pump in recirculation mode
Step 4: Start ODME
Continuously monitor oil water interface.
Reduce the RPM few centimeters before we reach the oil surface. Stop the operation.

Many vessels were detained by Paris MOU for multiple attempts to start ODME. The
detention has a logic and following reasons
• By multiple starts, the operator is trying to throw as much oil overboard as he
can
• Once ODME stops automatically, the operator need to allow further 24 hours of
settling time to start the ODME again. This is because if the level of oil/water
mixture is very less, on recirculation this would have churned. Now to have the
water separate out from oil, we need to allow it 24 hours.

ODMCS SIMULATION TEST?(clean track 1000B)

● Monthly
● Put data to ODMCS by manual
● Test
1. Instantaneous rate of discharge(IRD) (1000x 301/10x1000), (1000x
290/10x 1000)
2. Total oil to be discharge( calculate in Liter by using previous cargo amount )
● For both test alarm must be rung and Slop valve and discharge valve must be
operated properly.
16)WW WASH TEST AND TANK CLEAING REFERENCE BOOK ? SOFTWARE ?
17)SPECTROMETER ?

18)WHAT IS D1 AND D2 FOR BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT ?

D1 is Ballast water Exchange
D2 is Ballast water Treatment

What is type 1,2 ,3 ship?(ESH environmental and safety hazards)

1. A ‘TYPE I’ ship is a chemical tanker intended to transport chapter 17
products with very severe environmental and safety hazards which require
maximum preventive measures to preclude an escape of such
[Link] cargo to be carried in any one tank 1250 m3
2. AS A ‘TYPE II’ ship is a chemical tanker intended to transport chapter 17
products with appreciably severe environmental and safety hazards which
require significant preventive measures to preclude an escape of such
cargo. Maximum cargo to be carried in any one tank 3000 m3
3. SM A ‘TYPE III’ ship is a chemical tanker intended to transport chapter 17
products with sufficiently severe environmental and safety hazards which
require a moderate degree of containment to increase survival capability in
a damaged condition.

21)WHAT IS CAT X/Y/Z/OS?

Category X ~ NLS which discharge into sea cause a Major Hazard to marine resources
or human health. Therefore , Prohibition of the discharged. (Short note of MARPOL).

Category Y ~ NLS which discharge into sea cause a Hazard to marine resources or
human [Link] , Limitation on the quantity and quality of the discharge.(Short
note of MARPOL).
Category Z ~ NLS which discharge into sea cause a Minor Hazard to marine resources
or human [Link], Less restrictions on the quantity and quality of the
discharge.(Short note of MARPOL).

Other substances (OS) ~ Substances which are fall outside of Categories X,Y,Z and
which discharge into sea cause NO HARM to marine resources or human health

19)WHAT IS BWTS ?? Desmi

20)HOW TO FILL UP THE CARGO RECORD BOOK? (A – K)

● A= loading
● B= internal transfer
● C= unloading
● D=Mandatory prewash ( M prewash code D, followed by codeJ “ control by
surveyor)
~ DJ wash

● E= Tank cleaning / cleaning by ventilation (P & A manual)

● F= wash water discharge to sea ~ EF - clean

● G= ballast into the cargo tank

● H = ballast from cargo tank discharge to sea GH- ballast

● I = accident discharge

● J = surveyor

● K= Additional operation

1. wash water transfer

 2. sample dispose during TC
3. passivation
4. miss entry

● Passivation code “K” followed by code”E” passi-KEF

How to do the tank inspection?(water white/ visual)
● Enclosed space entry procedure to be complied with
● Free of last cargo residues, odor free , clean and dry
● All line must be drained and blown
● Drop and discharge valve must be left opened.
1. last cargo residues
2. Shadow areas of the cleaning machine.
3. Underneath heating coils + heating coil supports.
4. Pump suction well (in case of submersible pumps).
5. Inside drop line.
6. Tank internals (ladder, cleaning machines, level gauges, sounding pipes).
7. Check tank surface for coating condition / discolouration / pittings.
8. Cargo tank odor & moisture.
9. Outside Tank – Cofferdam purging, Manifold lines, vent lines for cargo
residues.
● Ladder / pump / underneath of steam coil/ corner of the tank
● Integrity of tank fitting, Level sensor, temperature sensor to be checked

Danger of N2
● Colorless , Odorless
● Will cause oxygen deficiency in confined spaces( N2 asphyxiation)
● When o2 deplete in the body, increase of CO2 will stimulate the lung to work
harder .It would be the sign for the oxygen depletion and victim will seek for more
oxygen.
● But for N2 enrich atmosphere, N2 reduce both O2 and CO2 .Therefore, no sign
for the oxygen depletion until death.
● One deep breath of pure Nitrogen can be fatal.
22)EXPLAINED ABOUT HIGH VISOCITY /solidifying substance ?
23)How to wash the tank? 36) IBC Safety equipment’s ?
24)where can u get the K value and minimum water requirement for Pre wash
25)Can You make prewash for Cat X cargo with out Control /Government Appointed
Surveyor ?
26)Who need to sign for P wash , In CRB?
27)How do you test the Your load com ? 37)What are the Sample locker requirement
for vetting ?
28)How to Make Stowage Plan , when do u receive a Voyage Order ?
29)What is Primary and Secondary venting ? 38)What is the cargo compatibility ?
30)What Are the content of Transfer plan for loading ?

31)What is purging frequency ?-Acceptable - limit

● Shortly before loading /1-2 day after loading >>> If fail>>purge everyday
● For long voyage>> even acceptable limit, purge every forth night
● Shortly before unloading+ Shortly after unloading
As per SIRE 2.0, chapter 8
● Cargo >> normal rate is >> 0.5l/day
>Aggressive cargo>>If more than 2 L/day>> Purge several time and shore
service require
● Hydraulic>> normal rate is >>0.2 L/day
=====================================================================
======
What is passivation?
● Acid treatment to the Stainless steel tank. ([Link] a year or 2. Three aggressive
cargo loaded consecutively such as sulphuric acid , phosphorous acid)
● Stainless Steel tank normally have a thin layer protection to corrosion which is
called chromium layer. This layer is also be called “passive Film”
● Quantity of Nitric acid solution(Nitric acid+FW) per tank = 3000L,Nitric acid
concentration(15-22%)
● Market supply 65-68% concentration
● Make solution
● FOSFA surveyor will inspect first
 ● Fill water first
● Fill Nitric solution
● Circulation 1.5 hr
● FW rinsing 1 hr( check PH level ,7 =complete FW rinsing
● Vent/mop/dry
● ventilate the passivated tanks 24 to 48 hrs in order to rebuilt passive layer on the
Stainless steel surface.
To check passivity of the tank
Palladium test
1. Add one drop of Palladium Chloride on the test area of the stainless steel.
2. After 3 to 5 minutes, the Palladium Chloride can be wiped of by the use of
clear tissue. Do not touch surface with hand.
3. Investigate the colour of the treated area.

Colo Res
ur ult
No Change in Colour Passive
Discolouration to black Active
Discolouration (Grey) Doubtful, needs to be monitored

Passivity tester
1. The Passivation meter is similar to a thickness gauging instrument.
2. Connect black probe to the tank surface.
3. Put a drop of ‘Acetic Acid’ on cotton swab and put it on the tank surface
4. The red probe tip should be placed on cotton swab and measure the meter
reading.
Assessment of readings:

Readi Resul
ng t
Zero to -400 Passivated
-400 to -500 Indeterminate
-500 to -1100 Active
What is Pitting?
● Pitting is due to insufficient rinsing of FW after SW. (or)
● Insufficient steaming after massive amount of Chloride present.

Enclosed space entry procedure?

1. Before entry / Tool box meeting
2. Risk assessment
3. Secure the space
4. Ventilate
5. Test the atmosphere in the space for oxygen content and the presence of
flammable and toxic gases or vapours(02 20.9% ,H2,CO , LEL nill)
6. Issue Permit
7. During entry • ensure the space is suitably illuminated
• wear the proper PPE/ personnel gas detector/ EEBD
• continue to ventilate the space
• test the atmosphere at regular intervals
• communicate regularly
• be alert, and leave the space when requested or if you feel ill
8. After entry • ensure all equipment and personnel are removed from the space
• close the access of the space to prevent unauthorised entry
• close the entry permit
31)How do u test the vapor return lines?
32)How To test the cargo hose pressure test and test frequency and pressure ?
33)What are the contents of SSSCL?

Pigging preparation
● Check line displacement and ullage space
● Beaware of over pressurization , open man hole
● Enough man power, one person at man hole, one crew at drop valve, Coff should
be at manifold.
● Valve Control massively at manifold will cause cargo shortage
● Valve Control loosely at manifold will cause cargo overflow
● Strike a balance between cargo shortage and overflow
How to manage heated cargo?
● Do not stow next to heat sensitive cargo ( SM/ self reactive cargo)
 ● Do not stow next to toxic cargo
● Do not stow next to low boiling point cargo
If inevitable , check the adjacent cargo boiling point , not less than 10°C of adjacent
cargo’s boiling point.
● Volume expansion to be considered during stowage planning.
● Non heated tank’s steam line should be blow and blank.
How do you plan the cargo?
● Check COF
● Check compatibility between cargoes & tank’s coating
● Heat compatibility between cargoes
● Check tank cleanliness standard of intended cargo tanks
● Maximum filling ratio for high density cargo
● Maximum filling limit for heated cargo thermal expansion
● Filling limit for sloshing effect ( 20-80% is not allowed)
What is the worst case scenarios of intact and damage stability?
Assume Extent of damage-For cargo ships and Passenger _ SOLAS ch II-1
-For Oil tanker _ MARPOL
-For Chemical tanker_ IBC code ch 2
● Based on the damage assumption requirements, damage cases are created for
the vessel by the class.
● Damage cases can be found in the either load computer or damage stability
booklet.
● Each damage cases must be full fill with “survival requirement as per SOLAS,
MARPOL,IBC for
Survival requirement factor
● The distance from the water line to the opening through which progressive
flooding can take place.
● Angle of heel, GZ curve , Residual righting lever , area under GZ
Critical factor is the distance…..
Therefore , we have to find out the minimum distance from the water line to the opening
through which progressive flood can take place in every damage case.
What is the proper name of loading computer?

Stability and loading instrument

Intact and damage stability Ship’s Hull strength (SF & BM)

Oil tankerCh tankerGas tankerAll tanker over 100m in length

MarpolIBC 2.2.6IGC 2.2.6By Classification society Rule
Annex1
Reg 28

Q. where to record Annex 2 cargo wash with Annex 1 “ cleaning medium” eg MDO?

Cargo record book = A loading, B if internal transfer, C unloading, DJ if prewash

After tank cleaning , Dispose to shore ,Then
Oil record book , G= cleaning , J= Dispose to shore

Q How to manage Sample locker?

● same as cargo compatibility arrangement
● USCG compatibility chart shall be posted
● Proper ventilation
● SDS posted
● FFA readily available
Q. When does cargo tank sweat?
● When dew point temperature(depression of wet bulb) greater than Sea
temperature (or) Surrounding tank temperature from cargo tank. ie ballast
 temperature.
● Empty cargo tank temperature must be ventilated until empty cargo tank
temperature equal to Air temperature(dry bulb).
Q. What is cargo tank vapor tightness test?
● Synergy manual pg 232

Q. How to set Personal gas detector?

st
● 2 alarm set point , 1 point – 50% of TLV
nd
2 Point – 100% TLV-TWA
H2S TLV- 1ppm
CO TLV- 25 ppm
WHAT IS BIOFUEL
BLEND?

Annex I cargo Blend with

METHANOL+Ve
g oil
Diese Gas VEGE ETHA ALKANE (C10-
l oil Gasoline + FAME OIL NOL C26)