Work Energy and
Power
This presentation is created by Group 1
1 Abhijeet kumar
2 Abhishek yadav
3 Aditya kumar yadav
4 Abhishek gupta
5 Aditya Chauhan
6 Adarsh sharma
7 Adarsh verma
Submitted to : Gyan Kunj Academy
Scalar dot
product
Scalar dot product is
an mathematical
operation frequently
used in physicsThe
scalar dot product,
also known as the dot
product, is a fundame
and engineering. Its
primary function is to
calculate the work
performed by a force
acting in a particular
direction.
Question of Scalar dot product
Question :
Find the work done when a force of F = 30i + 5j produces a displacement r = 5i + 2j.
Solution:
The work done by a constant force is given by,
W=F.R
and Calculating the dot product.
W=
⇒ W = (30i + 5j). (5i + 2j)
⇒ W= (30)(5) + (5)(2)
⇒W = 150 + 10
⇒W = 160 J
Work
It is a measure of the
energy transferred to
or from an object when
a force is applied over
a distance in the
direction of the force.
Work is a fundamental
concept that helps
describe how forces
affect the motion and
energy of objects.
Formula of Work
The work (W) done on an object is
calculated using the following formula:
W=F⋅d⋅cos(θ)
Where;
● W is the work done in joules (J).
● F is the force applied in newtons (N).
● d is the displacement of the object in
meters (m).
● θ is the angle between the direction of the
force and the direction of the
displacement.
● Unit of Work is Joule (J ) .
Quesation of Work
Que:A box is pulled with a force of 25 N to produce a
displacement of 15 m. If the angle between the force and
displacement is 30o, find the work done by the force.
Solution
Force, F = 25 N
Displacement, dr = 15 m
Angle between F and dr, θ = 30o
Work done, W = Fdr cosθ
Sign of Work:
The sign of work is important and indicates the direction of energy
transfer:
Positive work: Occurs when the force and displacement are in the same
direction, resulting in an increase in the object's energy.
Negative work:at Occurs when the force and displacement are in
opposite directions, reducing the object's energy.
Zero work: Occurs when the force is perpendicular to the displacement,
resulting in no change in energy.
Energy
Energy is the ability to do work
and is a fundamental concept
in physics. It comes in many
different forms, including
kinetic, potential, and thermal
[Link] is the ability to
do work and is a fundamental
concept in physics. It comes in
many different forms,
including kinetic, potential,
and thermal energy.
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy is the
energy that an object
posses due to its
motion. It is a scalar
quantity and depends
on the mass and
velocity of an object.
Formula and the unit of Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy is directly
proportional to the mass of the
object and to the square of its
velocity: K.E. = 1/ 2mv2.
Units of Kinetic Energy:
The SI unit of kinetic energy is
joule (J). However, it can also be
expressed in other units such as
kilowatt-hour (kWh), calorie (cal),
and electronvolt (eV).
Work-Energy Theorem
The work-energy theorem states that the
work done on an object is equal to the
change in its kinetic energy. In other
words, the net work done on an object is
equal to the change in its kinetic energy.
Formula
The formula for the work-energy
theorem is:
W = ΔK
where W is the net work done on the
object and ΔK is the change in the
object's kinetic energy.
Derivation of Work Energy Theorem
This is the derivation of work
Energy theorem
1/2mv2= Final kinetic energy
1/2mu2=Initial kinetic energy
Applications of Work Energy Theorem
The work-energy theorem can be used to analyze the
motion of objects in a variety of situations, including:
● Calculating the work done by a force on an object.
● Determining the speed of an object at a given point in
time.
● Analyzing collisions between objects.
Work done by a Variable Force
The work done by a variable force is calculated by integrating the force with
respect to displacement. This concept is important in understanding the
relationship between force and work in various real-world applications.
Formula:
W = ∫ F(x) dx
Where:
● W is the work done.
● F(x) is the variable force as a function of position (x).
● dx represents an infinitesimal displacement along the path.
Questiion of Work done by a Variable Force
Question : Find the work done when a force of F = x produces a displacement of 4m.
Solution:
The work done by a variable force is given by,
W = ∫Fdx
F(x) = x
Calculating the work done.
W=
Here, the displacement is x = 4
W=
⇒W=
⇒ W = 8J
Potential Energy
Potential energy is the
energy that an object
possesses due to its
position or
configuration. It can be
converted into kinetic
energy when the
object is set in motion.
The unit of potential
energy is Joules (J)
Mechanical Energy
Mechanical energy is a concept in physics that
represents the sum of potential energy and
kinetic energy within a system.
The total mechanical energy of a system is
conserved if the forces,doing work on it ,are
conservative.
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
By applying the conservation of
mechanical energy, it is possible to
determine the final velocity, height,
or position of an object in motion.
Formula
K1+U1=K2+U2
K1=initial kinetic energy
U1=initial potential energy
K2= final kinetic energy
U2= final potential energy
Potential Energy of a Spring
When you apply a force to a spring and either compress it
(squeeze it together) or stretch it (pull it apart), you do work
on the spring. This work is converted into potential energy,
which is stored in the spring and can be released when the
spring returns to its equilibrium position.
The potential energy of a spring can be calculated using
Hooke's Law, which describes the relationship between the
force applied to a spring and the displacement of the spring
from its equilibrium position
Formula of Spring Pontential
The formula for the potential energy of
spring
PE=1/2kx2
Where:
● PE is the potential energy of the spring
(measured in joules, J).
● K is the spring constant (also known
as the stiffness or force constant) in
units of force per unit displacement
(measured in newtons per meter, N/m).
● x is the displacement of the spring
from its equilibrium position
(measured in meters, m).
The Law of Conservation of Energy
This law states that the total energy of a
closed system remains constant over
time. In other words, energy cannot be
created or destroyed; it can only change
from one form to another. This law is a
cornerstone of modern physics and has
profound implications for
understanding and predicting the
behaviour of physical systems.
Collision
Collision refers to an event in
which two or more objects
come into contact with each
other, typically with some
degree of force and
momentum, and interact due
to these interactions.
Collisions can be classified
into two main categories:
1. Elastic collision
2. Inelastic collisions.
Elastic Collision
An elastic collision is an encounter between two bodies in which the
total kinetic energy of the two bodies remains the same. In an ideal,
perfectly elastic collision, there is no net conversion of kinetic energy
into other forms such as heat, noise, or potential energy.
Inelastic collision
An inelastic collision, in contrast to an elastic collision, is a collision in which
kinetic energy is not conserved due to the action of internal friction.
Incollisions of macroscopic bodies, some kinetic energy is turned into
vibrational energy of the atoms, causing a heating effect, and the bodies are
deformed.
Applications of Work, Energy,Power
Work, energy, and power concepts are widely
used in various fields, including physics,
engineering, and technology. Here are some
examples of their applications:
1. Calculating the energy required to lift an
object to a certain height using a crane
2. Determining the power output of an engine
in a car or a plane
3. Calculating the work done by a force on an
object in motion, such as a roller coaster
ride
4. Calculating the potential energy stored in a
dam or a wind turbine
5. Analyzing the collision of two objects and
the resulting changes in energy and
momentum
Conclusion
In conclusion, the concepts of work, energy, and
power are fundamental to the study of physics.
Through understanding these concepts, we can
better understand the behaviour of objects in
motion and the various forms of energy that exist
in our world.
