GRADE 12
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY P2
FEBRUARY/MARCH 2011
MEMORANDUM
MARKS: 180
TIME: 3 hours
This memorandum consists of 13 pages.
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Information Technology 2 DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011
NSC – Memorandum
SECTION A: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
1.1 B9 decentralised (1)
1.2 A9 pdf (1)
1.3 A9 a dynamic-link library file (1)
1.4 B9 where employees never enter a physical office, but rather conduct their (1)
business via the Internet.
1.5 C9 Cookies (1)
1.6 D9 Zombie (1)
1.7 C9 KeyLogger (1)
1.8 A9 Striping (1)
1.9 C9 Hot Spot (1)
1.10 B9 Pipelining (1)
TOTAL SECTION A: 10
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Information Technology 3 DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011
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SECTION B: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
QUESTION 2
2.1 2.1.1 A or B (no mark for the choice itself)
Any TWO appropriate answers 99
A: Less Expensive,
Has all the features required to operate in a youth centre,
No need for gaming software
OR
Any TWO appropriate answers
B: Has more up to date hardware features
Later version of Windows
More software installed
Faster
Will need to be upgraded later than computer A. (2)
2.1.2 (a) Connects higher speed devices to the motherboard. 99 (2)
(b) PCI express bus is an expansion bus that doubles the speed
of the original PCI bus.99 (2)
2.1.3 Any ONE 99
Improves the speed at which graphics, 3-D graphics and video
transmit.
Provides a faster, dedicated interface between the video card and
CPU. (2)
2.1.4 (a) DRAM stores data using electrical charges9 while
MRAM stores data using magnetic charges (fields)9 (2)
(b) Virtual memory: A section (area) of the hard disk9 that the
operating system uses as an extension of RAM (or memory).
9 It creates the impression that the computer has more RAM (2)
than it actually has.
(c) (i) Paging - A technique for implementing virtual memory,
where the virtual address space is divided into fixed-sized
blocks called pages, each of which can be moved into primary
memory when space is available99 (2)
(ii) Thrashing – refers to excessive paging in a virtual memory.
Thrashing is generally caused by too many processes
competing for scarce memory resources. 99 (2)
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Information Technology 4 DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011
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2.1.5 (a) Parallel – transmitting more than one bit at a time9
Serial – transmitting one bit at a time. 9 (2)
(b) Each device has its own interrupt line. 9 Can use its IRQ to
request the CPU to interrupt what it is busy with and first
allocate processing time to the request of this device9 (2)
2.1.6 Dual-core: Consists of two complete execution cores in one
physical processor.9
Quad-core: Consists of four complete execution cores in one
physical processor.9 (2)
2.1.7 Universal serial bus9 (1)
2.1.8 (a) Extra instructions designed to speed up the processing of
graphics, audio and video functions. 99 (2)
(b) RISC - Single instruction specifies single operation9
CISC - Single instruction specifies multiple operations9 (2)
2.1.9 Any TWO99
Installation of other programs/software might request the original
operating system
In the event of the computer crashing, the operating system might
need to be re-installed
Proof that the software installed on the computer is legal (2)
2.1.10 (a) Any TWO99
Manages hardware and software
Manages memory space and tasks
Provides a user interface (2)
(b) (i) Any TWO99
Advantages: Often Free, Can add to code, Often available for
multiple platforms. (2)
(ii) Any TWO99
Disadvantages: Limited Support, Not always fully debugged
and tested (2)
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Information Technology 5 DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011
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2.2 2.2.1 Any THREE 999
• Sharing of software OR any example implying this aspect
• Faster distribution of information OR any example implying
this aspect
• Can apply security control OR administrator can monitor
activities of users OR access can be restricted etc
• Centralisation of data – data only in one place – reliable –
not many versions
• Improved communication – Or any example implying this
e.g. messages can be sent to the users or users can
communicate electronically
• Entertainment – Can organise computer LAN parties where
users play computer games against each other
NB – Saves time is not acceptable – must indicate why it saves
time such as faster distribution of information, quicker to install
software on all the computers, etc.
NB – Each advantage must focus on a different aspect. Guard
against the same advantage being mentioned in different ways-
such as three examples implying the same advantage. Only one
mark in this case (3)
2.2.2 (a) Buffer: A special storage location in RAM9 used to hold data
being sent to the printer. 9 (2)
(b) Spooler: A program9 that places jobs in a queue in a spooling
file9 (or space on hard disk), sends these files to the buffer
when ready 9 (3)
2.2.3 (a) Network Interface Cards:
Used to link the network cable to the PC – supplies the port 9
and to convert the outgoing data to the format 9that the cable
will be able to carry 9and vice versa to transform the incoming
data into a format that the computer can work with. (3)
(b) Switch or hub:
Controls the send and receive9 of data 9 OR any explanation
that implies this fact (2)
2.2.4 UTP is cheap9, easily installed. 9 (2)
2.2.5 (a) Peer to Peer9 (1)
(b) Security is managed better. 9
Data can be distributed easily. 9 (2)
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2.2.6 (a) Network administrator:
ANY TWO 99
Network layout planning, User setup/control of rights,
installation and testing of new network software, BackUps (2)
(b) Network technician:
ANY TWO99
Fixing faulty printers and computers, testing/repair of cabling,
installation of new equipment, installation of drivers for new
equipment etc. (2)
2.3 2.3.1 Determine the correct and most efficient (or fasters)
path to transmit data9 Reduce traffic9 (2)
2.3.2 Any TWO99
Can be used in remote areas
Cables are not reliable – get stolen or damages
Easy to add new centres to the WAN – no physical cable required. (2)
TOTAL SECTION B: 61
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Information Technology 7 DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011
NSC – Memorandum
SECTION C: APPLICATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
QUESTION 3: e-COMMUNICATION
3.1 3.1.1 Any TWO99
Instant Messaging
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
Forums
Blogs
Social networking website such as Facebook or Twitter (2)
3.1.2 Any TWO99
Research
On-line banking
On-line shopping
Entertainment
(NOT communication or any example of communication mentioned
e.g. as mentioned in Question 3.1.1) (2)
3.1.3 (a) Any ONE9
Share ideas, photos etc
Cheap and fast way of communicating (1)
(b) Any TWO99
Not much physical contact with humans
Can become addictive
Loose track of time
Can communicate with strangers - can be dangerous (2)
3.2 Any TWO99
Must be from a reliable and well-known source (Well known author)
Compare information from different websites
Must be from authors who are frequently cited by other authors in the field.
Any other useful advice (2)
[9]
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QUESTION 4: SOCIAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES
4.1 Computer Ethics: The moral guidelines9 that govern the use of computers
and information systems9. The conduct that specifies the standard for the
ethical use of computers and information systems. (2)
4.2 4.2.1 Copyright: Exclusive rights given to authors and artists to duplicate,
publish and sell their work. 9 (1)
4.2.2 Plagiarism: A person invades the exclusive rights of the author by
duplicating articles without the author’s permission. 9 (1)
4.3 4.3.1 Identity theft
A perpetrator uses another person’s identity as his/her own in order
to gain financially and/or in other ways. 9 (1)
4.3.2 Phishing
A scam in which a perpetrator attempts to obtain your personal
information. 9 (1)
4.4 4.4.1 Online advertising9 OR any example implying online advertising. (1)
4.4.2 Wise to have a blog on the website?
Yes 9 (also accept No if motivation is correct) (2)
Any ONE 9
• Sites that have blogs have a high hit rate. Blogs are a
real attraction on any website.
• Obtain different perspective on issues
4.5 Any TWO99
Read documents electronically (instead of printing documents to read)
Edit data on the screen before printing
Use both sides of the paper
Save files instead of printing and filing printouts
Use low power devices
Use screen savers
Or any acceptable answer (2)
[11]
TOTAL SECTION C: 20
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Information Technology 9 DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011
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SECTION D: PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
QUESTION 5: ALGORITHMS AND PLANNING
5.1 5.1.1 59 (1)
5.1.2 It provides the field names9 and order in which the rest of the data
appears in each line of text in the file9 (2)
5.1.3 Spreadsheets9
Databases9 (2)
5.1.4 # ~ ^ 9 These characters are not commonly used in human-
readable data 9 (1)
5.2 5.2.1 Give the format of the name of the file as part of the message9 (1)
5.2.2 Any ONE9
File Not Found
IO error OR Device IO error OR cannot read from disk (1)
5.2.3 Any TWO 99
Display an error message and quit the action
Allow the user to re-enter the filename (2)
5.2.4 The number of lines in the file are unknown 9 and a conditional
loop can execute until the end of the file is reached 9 (2)
5.2.5 String/Text9
Need to retain the leading zero and/or spaces of the contact
number which a numerical data type would not9 (2)
5.2.6 So that the file is not locked9
Preventing other applications/users from changing it after the
program has used it9 (2)
5.3 5.3.1 Any TWO99
Developers can work on separate modules of the software
independently – save time – get the project done faster
Code can be written once and re-used
Code can be debugged more easily since modules where the error
occurs can be identified more easily. Less code to work through. (2)
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5.3.2 Either of the following: 99
The grouping together of data and its associated operations in a
single unit/class
OR
Restricting access (making private) to a class’s
attributes/properties (2)
5.3.3 (a) False9 (1)
(b) True9 (1)
(c) False9 (1)
5.3.4 Rewrites code using proper indentation 99 variable names 99
E.g
LINE
1 counter Å 0
2 searchText Å "Career"
3 LOOP UNTIL counter <= 10
4 IF res [counter] EQUALS searchText
5 DISPLAY res[counter]
6 END IF
7 counter Å counter + 1
8 END LOOP (4)
5.3.5 For debugging-purposes – temporarily excluding non-working
sections of code 9
Document their code for other programmers to easily determine
what the section of code does9 (2)
5.4 5.4.1 (a) True9 (1)
(b) False9 (1)
(c) True99 (2)
5.4.2 Any correct answer e.g.:
if ((Grade = 12) AND (visits <= 5)) 9 OR ((Grade <> 12) AND
(visits <= 20)) 9
Another possible answer:
if ((Grade = 12) AND NOT(visits > 5)) OR ((Grade <> 12) AND
NOT(visits > 20)) (2)
5.5 5.5.1 Any TWO99
Scalable
Easy to query
Handles multiple access
Easy to create relationships between data (2)
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5.5.2 The value for each record/row is not unique 9 OR
There are duplicate values in the field9 (1)
5.5.3 (a) Validation Rule 99 (2)
(b) Change the data type to a lookup field (combo box) 9 (1)
5.5.4 The maximum number of characters that can be entered in this
field is 255 characters9 (1)
5.5.5 (a) tblCounsellors – CounsellorID, CounsellorName, Speciality,
Availability9
tblLearners – LearnerID, LearnerName, CounsellorID9 (2)
(b) tblCounsellors – CounsellorID9, CounsellorName, Speciality,
Availability
tblLearners – LearnerID9, LearnerName, CounsellorID (2)
(c) (i) Foreign key: CounsellorID9 (1)
(ii) tblLearners table9 (1)
TOTAL SECTION D: 48
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Information Technology 12 DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011
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SECTION E: INTEGRATED SCENARIO
QUESTION 6
6.1 6.1.1 Web-server software9 (1)
6.1.2 HyperText Transfer Protocol99 (2)
6.1.3 An ISP would still be required to provide a connection to the
Internet 9 (1)
6.1.4 Advantage of ADSL:
Supports a faster rate when receiving data 9than when sending
data. 9 Most Internet users download more information from the (2)
Internet than they upload.
6.1.5 (a) Bandwidth: The total volume of data that can be transmitted
from one point to another during a given time. 99 (2)
(b) Host videos on an external website (e.g. Youtube)9 and
embed (or put a link to) the video on the centre’s website 9 (2)
6.2 6.2.1 HTTPS is a secure protocol9 used for encrypting information such
as passwords on websites9 (2)
6.2.2 He can use the same domain name for both9 as long as the centre
owns the domain name and the e-mail server is set up correctly 9 (2)
6.2.3 Computers use IP addresses to communicate but users will find it
easier to type in a URL – that is in words 9 9 (2)
6.3 6.3.1 Popup:
A website or part of a website that appears in a new window9
(No mark for indicating that popups are always advertising) (1)
6.3.2 Any TWO99 Why should popups be blocked: (2)
Popups can be used maliciously
Can be used for unwanted advertising
Web-browser block them for security reasons
6.3.3 Why pop-ups are recommend:
Popups are a way of displaying additional information9
To avoid having too much information on a screen 9– keep
interface simple (2)
6.4 6.4.1 It should state how the website/organisation will make use of your
personal information and how it will be kept private99 (2)
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6.4.2 Wiki:
Web-based software/website9 that allows users to create and edit
information collectively9 (2)
6.4.3 No9
Teenagers have a lot of misconceptions about sex and HIV/AIDs
and a wiki that anyone could edit might contain incorrect
information and the result is too risky 99
Do NOT accept Yes as an answer. (3)
6.4.4 Only usernames9
The information might be of a sensitive nature and the user might
not want his/her full name published. 9
OR
Full names
People who abuse the forums or partake in cyber bullying can be
easily tracked and dealt with. (2)
6.5 The message is broken up into smaller units called packets. 9 Packets are
numbered indicating the position of the packet in the message.
The packets are sent individually9 to the destination via different 9available
routes. The packets are assembled at the destination into the original
message. 9 (4)
6.6 Any TWO 99 (2)
Users are overwhelmed by too much information.
Difficult to distinguish between useful information and garbage
Information can be contradictory and then may confuse learners.
Can waste time looking for real facts amongst all the useless information
6.7 6.7.1 Doing business over the Internet9 (1)
6.7.2 Any TWO99
Many clients – world wide
Less expensive – no hiring of buildings, office equipment etc
Does not have to keep much stock
Can do business 24 hours a day. (2)
6.7.3 Any TWO99
Users must take the delivery cost into account to calculate the final
cost of the product
Delivery of items may take long
It might be difficult to get advice on products because of lack of
human interaction
Credit cards details on the Internet – prone to abuse, etc. (2)
TOTAL SECTION E: 41
GRAND TOTAL: 180
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