P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite

JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

2 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS:

FUNCTIONAL GROUPS, INTERMOLECULAR
FORCES, AND INFRARED (IR)
SPECTROSCOPY

SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS

2.1 The four carbon atoms occupy different positions in the two representations (cf. rule 2,
Sec. 1.8A).
δ+ δ−
2.2 (a) H F or H F (c) Br Br
μ=0D
δ+ δ−
(b) I Br or I Br (d) F F
μ=0D

2.3 VSEPR theory predicts a planar structure for BF3 .

F

B
F F
μ=0D

The vector sum of the bond moments of a trigonal planar structure would be zero, resulting
in a prediction of μ = 0 D for BF3 . This correlates with the experimental observation and
confirms the prediction of VSEPR theory.

2.4 The shape of CCl2 CCl2 (below) is such that the vector sum of all of the C Cl bond
moments is zero.
Cl Cl
C C
Cl Cl

2.5 The fact that SO2 has a dipole moment indicates that the molecule is angular, not linear.
S
O O not O S O
μ = 1.63 D μ=0D
An angular shape is what we would expect from VSEPR theory, too.

20

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 21

2.6 Again, this is what VSEPR theory predicts.

net dipole
H O
H3C

2.7 In CFCl3 the large C F bond moment opposes the C Cl moments, leading to a net dipole
moment in the direction of the fluorine. Because hydrogen is much less electronegative than
fluorine, no such opposing effect occurs in CHCl3 ; therefore, it has a net dipole moment
that is larger and in the direction of the chlorine atoms.

F H

Cl C Cl C
Cl Cl Cl Cl
Smaller net Larger net
dipole moment dipole moment

F F H F
net dipole
2.8 (a) C C (b) C C μ=0D
moment
H H F H

H F F F
net dipole
(c) C C (d) C C μ=0D
moment
H F F F

H Br H H H Br
net dipole
2.9 (a) C C C C C C μ=0D
moment
H Br Br Br Br H
cis trans
net dipole
moment Cis-trans isomers

Br Cl Br Br Cl Br
net dipole
(b) C C C C C C μ=0D
moment
Br Cl Cl Cl Br Cl
cis trans
net dipole
moment Cis-trans isomers

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

22 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

2.10 (a) Br and Br

Br
(b) (c)
Br

2.11 (a) F (b) Cl

(c) Propyl bromide (d) Isopropyl fluoride

(e) Phenyl iodide

2.12 (a) OH and OH

OH
(b) (c) OH

OH
OH
2.13 (a) (b)

2.14 (a) O (b) O

(c) O (d) Methyl propyl ether

(e) Diisopropyl ether (f) Methyl phenyl ether

2.15 (a) Isopropylpropylamine (b) Tripropylamine

(c) Methylphenylamine (d) Dimethylphenylamine
(e) NH2 (f) CH3 N CH3 or (CH3)3N

CH3

(g) N

CH3

2.16 (a) (e) only (b) (a, c) (c) (b, d, f, g)

CH3 CH3
+ −
2.17 (a) CH3 N + H Cl CH3 N H + Cl

CH3 CH3
3
(b) sp

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 23

−
O O
+
2.18

O O O
O
2.19 (a) H H H
H

O O O
(b)

O O
2.20 H C H C
H −
O O

+ B− + HB

O − O −

H C H C
O H O
+

The formate ion is more stabilized by resonance because its two resonance structures are
equivalent (Rule 4, Sec. 1.8A).

O O O O
2.21
O H O H O H O H

O O O
2.22 CH3 CH3 + others
O O O

−
O O
2.23 CH3 C CH3 C
O CH2CH3 O CH2CH3
+

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

24 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

−
O O
2.24 CH3 C CH3 C
NH2 NH2
+

2.25 (a) OH would boil higher because its molecules can form hydrogen bonds to
each other through the O H group.
CH3
N
(b) H would boil higher because its molecules can form hydrogen bonds to
each other through the N H group.

(c) HO OH because by having two O H groups, it can form more hydrogen

bonds.
2.26 Cyclopropane would have the higher melting point because its cyclic structure gives it a
rigid compact shape that would permit stronger crystal lattice forces.

2.27 d < a < b < c

(c) has the highest boiling point due to hydrogen bonding involving its O H group.
(b) is a polar molecule due to its C O group, hence higher boiling than the essentially
non-polar (a) and (d).
(a) has a higher boiling point than (d) because its unbranched structure permits more van
der Waals attractions.
2.28 If we consider the range for carbon-oxygen double bond stretching in an aldehyde or ketone
to be typical of an unsubstituted carbonyl group, we find that carbonyl groups with an oxygen
or other strongly electronegative atom bonded to the carbonyl group, as in carboxylic acids
and esters, absorb at somewhat higher frequencies. On the other hand, if a nitrogen atom
is bonded to the carbonyl group, as in an amide, then the carbonyl stretching frequency
is lower than that of a comparable aldehyde or ketone. The reason for this trend is that
strongly electronegative atoms increase the double bond character of the carbonyl, while
the unshared electron pair of an amide nitrogen atom contributes to the carbonyl resonance
hybrid to give it less double bond character.

Functional Groups and Structural Formulas

OH
2.29 (a) H H aldehyde (b) alcohol

(c) ketone (d) H3C CH3 alkyne

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 25

(e) alcohol (f) CH3CH2NH2 amine

OH

amine

ketone HN
CH3 O

2.30 (a) H
H3C
O
H H

O OH
H CH3
ether
alkenes

Indanomycin
carboxylic acid

H CH3
H3C

HO
(b) carboxylic acid

OH alcohol
O
alkene CH3

Sterpuric Acid

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 June 3, 2010 19:38

26 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

alkene
(c) alcohol ketone alcohol ketone amide

OH O OH O O

NH2

alkene
OH

N amine N
H3C CH3 H3C CH3 alcohol

Solodyn

alcohol
OH
O
(d) ester
OH
(lactone)
carboxylic acid
O
O
OCH3 alkene

CH3
ether
Cell Cept

alkene

(e)

O O

Coumarin

ester
(lactone)

REVISED PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 June 3, 2010 19:39

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 27

Br
Br Br Br
2.31
1° Alkyl 2° Alkyl 1° Alkyl 3° Alkyl
bromide bromide bromide bromide

OH
OH OH OH

2.32 1° Alcohol 2° Alcohol 1° Alcohol 3° Alcohol

O O O
Ether Ether Ether

OH
OH

2.33 (a) (b)

secondary
secondary

CH3

(c) OH (d) H3C C OH

secondary CH3
tertiary

OH
(e) (f)

OH
tertiary primary

REVISED PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 June 3, 2010 19:39

28 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

CH3 H3CH2C N CH3

H3C C CH3
2.34 (a) NH2 (b)
CH3
CH2CH3 tertiary
primary

NH2
NH

(c) CH3 (d)

primary

secondary

H N CH2CH3
(e)

secondary

O O
2.35 (a) Me Me O

OH OH
(b) OH OH

OH
OH
(c) (d)

O O
(e) Me
H O O

(f) Br
Br Br

Br

REVISED PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 29

Br Br Br
(g)

Br
(h)

O O O
(i)
H H H

O O O
(j)

(k) NH2 NH2

(l) Me (m) Me3 N

N
H

O O
Me
(n) H N NH2
H

Physical Properties

2.36 Explain why 1-pentanol has a solubility of 2.7 grams per 100 mL of water were as methanol
is completely miscible in water.
1-pentanol contains five (5) carbons while methanol has only one (1) carbon. The OH
group in 1-pentanol does confer some water solubility (like-dissolves-like) however, with
the hydrocarbon portion of the molecule being rather large (C5 H11 ) the molecule looks
mostly like “grease”, mostly like an alkane, which would have no water solubility. Methanol
does not look as much like an alkane; half alkane and half water. In methanol the OH
group (aids water solubility) is a larger contributor to the overall structure.

2.37 The attractive forces between hydrogen fluoride molecules are the very strong dipole-dipole
attractions that we call hydrogen bonds. (The partial positive charge of a hydrogen fluoride
molecule is relatively exposed because it resides on the hydrogen nucleus. By contrast, the
positive charge of an ethyl fluoride molecule is buried in the ethyl group and is shielded
by the surrounding electrons. Thus the positive end of one hydrogen fluoride molecule can
approach the negative end of another hydrogen fluoride molecule much more closely, with
the result that the attractive force between them is much stronger.)

2.38 The cis isomer is polar while the trans isomer is nonpolar (μ = 0 D). The intermolecular
attractive forces are therefore greater in the case of the cis isomer, and thus its boiling point
should be the higher of the two.

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

30 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

2.39 Explain why the boiling point of 2,2-dimethylbutane (49.7◦ C) is lower than the boiling point
of hexane (69◦ C) despite the fact that they have the same molecular formula, C6 H14 .
Hexane is a linear, unbranched alkane. Because of the lack of branching, the hexane
chains can get close to one another. The intermolecular attractive forces, although rather
weak, can reinforce each other resulting in the chains being held together more closely.
As energy is supplied, as heat, it first goes to getting the hexane chains apart or away
from one another and then into the vapor phase. 2,2-dimethylbutane is a branched hexane
constitutional isomer. Because of the high degree of branching the chains cannot get close to
one another, and thus are not held together as tightly as in hexane. When energy is supplied
as heat, it does not have to initially get the chains apart from one another, since they are not
held so closely together, resulting in the lower boiling point.

2.40 (a) and (b) are polar and hence are able to dissolve ionic compounds. (c) and (d) are non-polar
and will not dissolve ionic compounds.

H Cl H3C
H
2.41 (a) C F (e) C (h) O
H
H
H F H3C
F Cl H3C
H No dipole
(b) C (f ) (i) O
H B moment
F Cl Cl H
F H
No dipole
(c) H C F (g) F Be F ( j) C O
moment
F H

F
No dipole
(d) F C F moment
F

2.42 (a) Dimethyl ether: There are four electron pairs around the central oxygen: two bonding
pairs and two nonbonding pairs. We would expect sp 3 hybridization of the oxygen with
a bond angle of approximately 109.5◦ between the methyl groups.

H3C
O μ>0D
H3C

(b) Trimethylamine: There are four electron pairs around the central nitrogen: three bonding
pairs and one nonbonding pair. We would expect sp 3 hybridization of the nitrogen with
a bond angle of approximately 109.5◦ between the methyl groups.

H3C
N μ>0D
CH3
H3C

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 31

(c) Trimethylboron: There are only three bonding electron pairs around the central boron.
We would expect sp 2 hybridization of the boron with a bond angle of 120◦ between the
methyl groups.
CH3
μ=0D
B
H3C CH3

(d) Dimethylberyllium: There are only two bonding electron pairs around the central beryl-
lium atom. We would expect sp hybridization of the beryllium atom with a bond angle
of 180◦ between the methyl groups.
H3C Be CH3 μ=0D

2.43 This is a special case of a Lewis acid (Ag+ ) Lewis base (alkene) reaction. The product
+
C
can be represented by Ag . The filled π orbital of the alkene overlaps with the
C

empty 5s orbital of Ag+ to form a σ bond. A π bond results from the overlap of the filled
4d orbital of Ag+ with an empty antibonding π ∗ orbital of the alkene.

2.44 Without one (or more) polar bonds, a molecule cannot possess a dipole moment and, there-
fore, it cannot be polar. If the bonds are directed so that the bond moments cancel, however,
the molecule will not be polar even though it has polar bonds.

2.45 Indicate the hybridization around the bold type atoms in the following compounds:

CH3CH N CH3 CH3 O CH3

(a) sp2-nitrogen (b) sp3-oxygen

sp-carbon

CH2 CH CH2 C N sp-nitrogen

(c) sp2-carbon sp3-carbon

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

32 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

OH
2.46 (a) because its molecules can form hydrogen bonds to each other through its
O H group.

HO
(b) OH because with two O H groups, its molecules can form more
hydrogen bonds with each other.

(c) OH because its molecules can form hydrogen bonds to each other.

(d) OH [same reason as (c)].

NH
(e) because its molecules can form hydrogen bonds to each other through the

N H group.

F F
(f) because its molecules will have a larger dipole moment. (The trans compound
will have μ = 0 D.)

(g) OH [same reason as (c)].

(h) Nonane, because of its larger molecular weight and larger size, will have larger van der
Waals attractions.

(i) O because its carbonyl group is far more polar than the double bond of .

IR Spectroscopy

2.47 (a) The alcohol would have a broad absorption from the O H group in the 3200 to
3500 cm−1 region of its IR spectrum. The ether would have no such absorption.
(c) The ketone would have a strong absorption from its carbonyl group near 1700 cm−1 in
its IR spectrum. The alcohol would have a broad absorption due to its hydroxyl group
in the 3200 to 3500 cm−1 region of its IR spectrum.
(d) Same rationale as for (a).
(e) The secondary amine would have an absorption near 3300 to 3500 cm−1 arising from
N H stretching. The tertiary amine would have no such absorption in this region since
there is no N H group present.
(g) Both compounds would exhibit absorptions near 1710 to 1780 cm−1 due to carbonyl
stretching vibrations. The carboxylic acid would also have a broad absorption some-
where between 2500 and 3500 cm−1 due to its hydroxyl group. The ester would not
have a hydroxyl absorption.

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 33

(i) The ketone would have a strong absorption from its carbonyl group near 1700 cm−1 in its
IR spectrum. The alkene would have no such absorption but would have an absorption
between 1620 and 1680 cm−1 due to C C stretching.

2.48 The infrared spectrum of cis-4-octene exhibits an absorption peak near 1500 cm−1 due to
C C stretching, however, trans-4-octene shows no absorption in that region. Explain.
trans-4-octene is symmetric such that when the molecule undergoes vibration there is
very little change in the net dipole moment. In order for a band to be IR active there must
be a change in the net dipole moment during the vibration. In cis-4-octene this high degree
of symmetry is missing and there is a change in the net dipole moment during the course
of the vibration, leading to the observed band at 1500 cm−1 .

2.49 Hydrogen bond

O H O
CH3CH2 C C CH2CH3
O H O

Hydrogen bond

2.50 Explain how IR spectroscopy can be used to distinguish between the following two com-
pounds:

H3C N CH3 H3CH2C N CH3

and
CH3 H

C3H9N C3H9N

Trimethyl amine is a tertiary amine; there are no hydrogens on the nitrogen. Ethyl
methyl amine is a secondary amine; with one hydrogen on the nitrogen. One could use
IR spectroscopy to distinguish between these two compounds, by looking for the N H
stretching band around 3300–3400 cm−1 . There would be no such band for trimethyl amine
while there would be one for ethyl methyl amine.

Multiconcept Problems

2.51 Write structural formulas for five compounds with the formula C4 H8 O and classify each
according to its functional group. Predict IR absorption frequencies for the functional groups
you have drawn.

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

34 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

(a) Key IR absorption would be the ketone carbonyl around

1715 cm−1
2-butanone

(b) H Key IR absorption would be the aldehyde carbonyl

around 1725 cm−1 .
butanal Another band would be the aldehyde C H stretch around
2850 cm−1 .

OH

(c) Key IR absorption would be the O H stretch around 3300–3400

cm−1 . Another band would be the C O stretch around
1260–1000 cm−1 .
cyclobutanol

(d) O Key IR absorptions would be the C O C stretch around

−1
1300–1000 cm and the C C stretch around
ethyl vinyl ether 1690–1630 cm−1 .

OH

(e) Key IR absorptions would be the O H stretch around 3300–3400

cm the C C stretch around 1690–1630 cm−1 and the C
−1
O
3-buten-2-ol stretch around 1260–1000 cm−1 .

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 35

2.52 (a) O O O O

CH3CH2CNH2 CH3CNCH3 HCNCH2CH3 HCNCH3

H H CH3

A B C D

(b) D, because it does not have a hydrogen that is covalently bonded to nitrogen and, there-
fore, its molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to each other. The other molecules
all have a hydrogen covalently bonded to nitrogen and, therefore, hydrogen-bond
formation is possible. With the first molecule, for example, hydrogen bonds could
form in the following way:
H

O H N
CH3CH2C CCH2CH3
N H O

(c) All four compounds have carbonyl group absorption at about 1650 cm−1 , but the IR
spectrum for each has a unique feature.
A shows two N H bands (due to symmetrical and asymmetrical stretching) in the
3100–3400 cm−1 region.
B has a single stretching absorption band in that same region since it has only a single
N H bond.
C has two absorption bands, due to the H C bond of the aldehyde group, at about
2820 cm−1 and 2920 cm−1 , as well as one for the N H bond.
D does not absorb in the 3100–3500 cm−1 region, as the other compounds do, since it
does not possess a N H bond.

2.53 The molecular formula requires unsaturation and/or one or more rings. The IR data exclude
O

C C C
the functional groups: OH, and . Oxygen (O) must be present in an
ether linkage and there can be either a triple bond or two rings present to account for the
low hydrogen-to-carbon ratio. These are the possible structures:

HC CCH2OCH3 HC COCH2CH3 CH3C COCH3

O O O
O CH3
O
CH3

2.54 C C O C (a cyclic ester)

(CH2)n

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

36 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

Challenge Problems

O
2.55 O O
H
A B B′

The 1780 cm−1 band is in the general range for C O stretching so structure B is considered
one of the possible answers, but only B would have its C O stretch at this high frequency
(B would be at about 1730 cm−1 ).

2.56 (a) HO OH HO H
H H H OH
cis trans

(b) The cis isomer will have the 3572 cm−1 band because only in it are the two hy-
droxyl groups close enough to permit intramolecular hydrogen-bonding. (Intermolecu-
lar hydrogen-bonding is not possible at high dilution in a non-polar solvent like CCl4 .)

OH
2.57 (a)
CH3
CH3
C
(b) enantiomers

OH HO
CH3 H3C

CH3 H3C
H H
diastereomers
OH HO
CH3 H3C
(Enantiomers and diastereomers
H H are defined in Chapter 5.)
CH3 H3C

enantiomers

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 37

2.58 The helical structure results from hydrogen bonds formed between amide groups—
specifically between the carbonyl group of one amide and the N H group of another.

H
O
C
C N
O H R
C H
C R
H N
C O H
R
N C O
H
H
H C C
N C
R R
H O
C N
O H H
C
H C R
N
C
H
R

QUIZ

2.1 Which of the following pairs of compounds is not a pair of constitutional isomers?

O
(a) O and
H

(b) and

O O
(c) and HO
OH H

(d) CH3CH2C CH and CH3CH C CH2

(e) CH3CHCH(CH3)2 and (CH3)2CHCH(CH3)2

CH3

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

38 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

2.2 Which of the answers to Problem 2.1 contains an ether group?

2.3 Which of the following pairs of structures represents a pair of isomers?

(a) and

(b) and

CH3

(c) CH3CH2CHCH2CH3 and CH3CH2CHCH3

CH2CH3

(d) More than one of these pairs are isomers.

2.4 Give a bond-line formula for each of the following:

(a) A tertiary alcohol with the formula
C5 H12 O

(b) An N ,N -disubstituted amide with the

formula C4 H9 NO

(c) The alkene isomer of C2 H2 Cl2 that has

no dipole moment

(d) An ester with the formula C2 H4 O2

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 39

(e) The isomer of C2 H2 Cl2 that cannot

show cis-trans isomerism

(f) The isomer of C3 H8 O that would have

the lowest boiling point

(g) The isomer of C4 H11 N that would

have the lowest boiling point

2.5 Write the bond-line formula for a constitutional isomer of the compound shown below that
does not contain a double bond.

CH3 CH2 CH CH2

2.6 Circle the compound in each pair that would have the higher boiling point.

O
(a) OH or
H

(b) N H or N CH3

O O
(c) CH3 or
O OH

O O O
(d) CH OH or CH3 CH3
3

O O
(e) CH3 CH3
or
N N
H
CH3

FIRST PAGES
P1: PBU/OVY P2: PBU/OVY QC: PBU/OVY T1: PBU Printer: Bind Rite
JWCL338-02 JWCL338-Solomons-v1 April 23, 2010 21:49

40 FAMILIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

2.7 Give an acceptable name for each of the following:

O
(a) C6H5

CH3
(b) N
C6H5

(c) NH2

FIRST PAGES