Module IV
Hazards Identification,
Risk Assessment and
Control
Module IV
Hazards Identification, Risk Assessment
and Control (HIRAC)
General Objective:
❑ Participants will be able to perform risks/hazards assessment, evaluation
and recommend measures of control.
Specific Objectives:
✓ Outline the Key steps in recognizing and identifying hazards like Safety
and Health Hazards
✓ Discuss Risk Assessment and Prioritization, Application of Controls
(Elimination, Substitution, Engineering, Administrative & PPE)
✓ Conduct Workshop on Accomplishing Risk Assessment Form/Matrix
Workplace Hazards
Safety Hazards
▪Something that has a potential for injury
Health Hazards
▪Something that has a potential to cause
illness
1
• means a source or a situation with a potential for harm in
terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property,
damage to the environment or a combination of these.
RISK
• means a combination of the likelihood of an occurrence
of a hazardous event with specified period or in
specified circumstances and the severity of injury or
damage to the health of people, property, environment
or any combination of these caused by the event.
Risk management means the total
procedure associated with identifying a
hazard, assessing the risk, putting in place
control measures, and reviewing the
outcomes.
Risk assessment means the process of
evaluating the risk to safety and health
arising from hazards at work.
2
There are six basic steps in the risk management
process:
1. Establish the context
2. Identify the hazards
3. Analyze risks that may result because of
the hazard
4. Evaluate the risks
5. Treat the risks
6. Review and monitor the risks
Hazard Identification
• Hazard Identification is the process of
identifying hazards in the workplace or
for a work procedure.
• In order to understand what hazard
identification involves, it is first
necessary to understand the nature of
hazards.
Hazard Identification
Workplace hazards can be divided into six
groups:
• Physical hazards
• Chemical hazards
• Ergonomic hazards
• Radiation hazards
• Psychological hazards
• Biological hazards
3
Risk Assessment
In assessing risks, three essential steps are taken:
1.The probability or likelihood of an incident occurring is
evaluated.
Risk Assessment
2. The severity of the potential consequences is
calculated or estimated.
Risk Assessment
3. Based on those factors, the risks are assigned priority
for risk control through the use of a risk rating.
4
Risk Control
• The risk control process starts by considering
the highest ranked risks, working down to the
least significant. Each risk should be examined
having regard to the Hierarchy of Controls.
• The Hierarchy of Controls should be used at
all times when implementing controls to
eliminate the hazard or reduce the risk of a
hazard causing loss at the workplace.
Hierarchy of Controls
• Eliminate the hazard
• Substitute with a lesser hazard
• Use Engineering Controls to reduce
the hazard
• Administrative Controls such as
workplace procedures
• Personal Protective Equipment
5
Risk Control techniques
Use safety policies, safety manuals, rules, and
procedures
Staff training and orientation
Document all inspections and safety training
Conduct thorough accident investigations
DOLE-prescribed HIRAC format in the OSH Program
Risk Assessment Matrix
Priority: likelihood of
Control
Task Hazard Identified Risk Description injury and illness to occur
Measures
(low, medium, high)
Risk Assessment Matrix
Priority: likelihood of
Control
Task Hazard Identified Risk Description injury and illness to occur
Measures
(low, medium, high)
Delivering product to customers Drivers work alone May be unable to call for help if
needed
high Need for helper
Drivers have to Fatigue, short rest time between
occasionally work long shifts Policy on work
medium
hours break
Drivers are often in very Increased chance of collision
congested traffic Road safety
low
program
Longer working hours
medium Work breaks
Drivers have to lift boxes Injury to back from lifting, Given proper
when delivering product reaching, carrying, etc. high orientation on
lifting
6
Workplace Classification under D.O. 198-2018
Low risk establishment
refers to a workplace where there is low level of danger or exposure
to safety and health hazards and not likely or with low probability to
result in accident, harm or injury, or illness.
Medium risk establishment
refers to a workplace where there is moderate exposure to safety a
nd health hazards and with probability of an accident, injury or
illness, if no preventive or control measures are in place.
High risk establishment
refers to a workplace wherein the presence of hazard or potential h
azard within the company may affect the safety and/or health of
workers not only within but also persons outside the premises of
the workplace (e.g. construction, mining, petrochemical, etc.)
The following are workplaces
commonly associated
with potentially high-risk
activities:
1. Chemical works and chemical 11.Power generation, transmission and
production plants; distribution in the energy sector;
2. Construction; 12.Storage and distribution center for
3. Deep sea fishing; toxic or hazardous chemicals;
13. Storage of fertilizers in high volume;
4. Explosives and pyrotechnics
14. Transportation ;
factories; 15.Water supply, sewerage, waste
5. Firefighting; management, remediation activities;
6. Healthcare facilities; 16. Works in which chlorine is used in bulk;
7. Installation of communication and
accessories, towers and cables; 17.Activities closely similar to those
8. LPG filling, refilling, storage and enumerated above and other activities
distribution; as determined by DOLE in accordance
with existing issuances on the
9. Mining;
classification of establishments.
10. Petrochemical works and refineries
WORKSHOP on Accomplishing
Risk Assessment Form/Matrix
7
End of Module.
