RDF COMBAT TRAINING CENTER-GABIRO

COMPANY COMMANDERS COURSE 33/24

EX-KNOW THE GROUND

Intelligence Preparation of Battlefield (IPB)

B Class – Syndicate 1

References:

A. Maps: NYAGATARE, GABIRO, RWANYAKIZINGA AND MIHINDI, Scale: 1: 50,000

B. INTSUM dated 26APR24
C. 11 Bde Comd OpO dated 26 Apr 24

April 2024
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Contents

REVIEW OF SITUATION................................................................................................................... 1

STEP 1: BATTLE AREA EVALUATION....................................................................................... 2

STEP 2: THREAT EVALUATION................................................................................................. 12

STEP 3: THREAT INTEGRATION............................................................................................... 20

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REVIEW OF SITUATION

1. From 1941 to 1958, the neighboring countries of RUGARI and RWATA lived in ethnic
conflicts. In RUGARI, colonialists started discrimination, opposing the MAMBO majority
against the FARAGA minority. RWATA Republic was not happy with economic, political and
security stability of RUGARI Republic. As a result, RWATA Republic decided to support
MAMBO and INYANGABIRAMA Force (IF) who committed genocide in RUGARI and fled to RWATA
Republic with the intention of coming back to complete their Genocidal agenda.

2. Recently, IF had the intentions of launching heavy attacks on RUGARI territory using
the main axis of MUTUMBA-SHAMA-SENENE-GABIRO and subsidiary axis of MUTUMBA- NYUNGWE-
GABIRO.

3. Current intelligence report confirmed on 20th Apr 2024, IF supported by 21 Mec Bde
from RWATA Republic were spotted concentrating along the international border on RWATA
territory with the intention to invade RUGARI and capture both GABIRO barracks and
Airport.

4. Consequently, RUGARI’s ACOS has tasked 1Div, assigning 11Bde Gp to block potential
invaders. 111 BG is directed to conduct Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB),
analyzing potential En and own forces COA in the GABIRO area (GS5130).

Ladies and Gentlemen that is why we are here.

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STEP 1: BATTLE AREA EVALUATION

(1) Terrain Analysis

Factors/Qualification Consideration/Deduction Output

(a) (b) (c)

GROUND DESCRIPTION

Ground Consideration T1. Conduct

fighting
Ground in General Raised grounds are good for observation
patrols
and field of fire, dead grounds can
provide good cover from enemy direct
The area of operation is
fire, thick vegetations provide good
generally hilly characterized
concealment from enemy view, water masses
by raised ground, dead
is an obstacles for both En and FFs,
grounds, thick vegetation,
Road networks is a key terrain can be
Water masses and road
used as MSR, low ground are wide enough
networks and low grounds.
to accomodete a Bn Size, is good for AA.

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These features may facilitate the Enemy

to Find our own activities, to strike, to
disrupt, to surprise, to delay, to
destroy own forces

Deduction

There is a need to dominate raised and

dead grounds, thick vegetations and road
networks, low grounds, using Inf, Engr,
Armor and Air in order to deny En access
to the areas.

GROUND IN DETAILS

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Observation and field of fire Consideration E1. Neutralise

The area is characterized by Gabiro Hill is raised enough to provide

raised grounds like GABIRO good observation positions and good
hill with 1770 meters. fields of fire for enemy forces. From
Gabiro Hill, the enemy can identify and
disrupt our activities.

Deduction.

Since this feature can be used by En

forces, there is a need to neutralize
Enemy RISTA assets at OP on Gabiro hill
using our Arty guns.

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Cover Consideration E2. Disrupt

General area is characterized Dead ground can provide cover from direct
by dead grounds like dead fire and can be used as MC for both Enemy
ground between SENENE and and FFs as it can accommodate a Bn size.
SHAMA hills with a width of
Deduction
800 m.
Since the dead ground is wide enough, the
en can use it as assembly area. There is
a need to monitor this dead ground and
disrupt any enemy plans using air and
artillery.

Concealment Consideration E3. Secure

The ground is generally Since the thick vegetation offers good

characterized by thick concealment of the ground and aerial view
vegetation like the for both En and FF, the En is likely to
vegetation surrounding SHAMA take advantage of the thick vegetation to
conceal his manoeuvring force.

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Deduction

There is a need to secure the area using

fighting patrols, aerial patrols, and
ambushes in order to deny enemy freedom
of action.

Obstacle Consideration E4. Turn

The AO is characterized by The swamp is wide but not deep. It is a

water masses like restricted area to Inf and severely
KAMIRAMIGEZI swamp restricted to Armor, hindering both own
forces and En mobility. The en is likely
to enhance mobility to cross the swamp
using his field engineer.

Deduction

there is a need to reinforce the natural

obstacle (swamp) IOT turn En using Engr.

Key Terrain Consideration E5. Secure

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The AO is characterized by (i) The Senene bridge is likely to be E6. Find

different key terrains like used by en to cross Kamiramigezi
E7. Dominate
(i) bridge GR 2759, (ii) Road swamp.
network (ii) The road from Senene towards T2. Encrypt
Kaburi is likely to be used as MSR
and CASEVAC for both FFs and en.
Deduction

(i) There is a need to secure the bridge

using RISTA
(ii) There is a need to monitor and
dominate MSR using fighting patrol
and air asset.

(2) Mobility Corridor Overlay (see on Map Board)

(3) Avenue of Approach Overlay (see on Map Board)
(4) Weather Template (see on Map Board)

WEATHER CONDITIONS ANALYSIS

Factors/Qualification Consideration/Deduction Output

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WEATHER Consideration Use poor visibility to avoid

a. First light 0549 Since the first light is 0549Hrs, the detection (comds at all
Hrs enemy is likely to detect own movement levels)
b. Last light 1803 before crossing the start line and
Hrs subsequently break our surprise.
Deduction
There is need to attack the enemy
before first light iot achieve
surprise.
c. Temperature Consideration S4 to provide extra water
170C/250C Temperature is forecasted to be between during day
250C during the day and 170C during the
night and it is not likely to affect
the operation.
Deduction
There is need to provide enough water
for troops
d. Wind 13Km/h Consideration Air liaison Officer to advise
The wind speed is expected to at 13Km/h on air operations
from South to West. It is not likely to

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affect operation.
Deduction
There is need to liaise with Air
liaison officer to keep updating for
any change so that we can exploit the
good condition of wind.
e. Humidity: 76%. Consideration Log Officer to provide gun
The Humidity is expected to be at 76% oil
and it is moderate which may affect
equipment especially weapons hence
increase risks of stoppages during
operation which may reduce own
firepower.
Deduction
There is need to avail gun oil to
maintain our weapons before starting to
infiltrate
f. Precipitation is Consideration Engr to be ready to enhance
50% The precipitation is expected to be mobility for armour, Log
50%, this is likely not to affect the officer to provide oil for
rate of En advance. Guns and soldiers to take
Deduction their rain coats.

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There is a need for Engr to be ready to

enhance mobility for armour if need be
and Inf to take their rain coats.

STEP 2: THREAT EVALUATION

(1) Enemy Doctrinal Template

2-3 Km
4-8 Km
1.5-2 Km 1.5-2 Km

2-3 Km
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Factors/Qualification Consideration/Deduction Output

a. Strength. Consideration E1. Find

E2. Disrupt
The en has support resources and
En strength is 1x
Div is in scattered Defences. He is
supported by: likely to use his tanks and Arty
to fix our forces and deny us
(1) 1xBn Arty manoeuvrability. The en is
(2) 1xBn Tks likely to conduct delaying,
spoiling and ambushes to deny our
(3) 1x Sqn Armd forces to achieve its obj. He
cars also likely to conduct Air
interdiction.
(4) 1x Ant Tk Coy
(5) 1xSqn Fd Engr
Deduction
(6) 120mm Mortar
There is a need to conduct pre-
(7) 1xBty ADA bombardment to deny en freedom of

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(8) UAVs action and destroy his tanks.

There is a need to monitor en
activities using ARB, Locating
assets. There is also need to
disrupt the en plan.

b. Likely tactical Consideration E1. Defend

E2. Block
intention The en is likely to attack and
E3. Strike
To invade RUGARI and defeat our forces and capture E4. Delay
E5. Defeat.
capture both GABIRO GABIRO barracks and Airport.
barracks and Airport. Deduction
There is a need to defend, block,
strike, delay, and defeat the en
aggression using Inf, AD, Arty,
and Engr.
c. Capabilities Consideration E1. Secure
(i) Considering that the En has
The En is capable the E2. Protect
capability of force
following: projection, he is capable of E3. Destroy
conducting air interdiction
(i) force projection for E4. Find
in our rears, disrupt our BAA
offensive ops and destroy our Arty guns. E5. Deny
(ii) Since En is capable to
(ii) Reinforce by road E6. Harass
reinforce by road and Air, he
and Air. might sustain his ops for a E7. Detect
long time
(iii)Train 50% of his
(iii) Since En is capable of
force while 50% is ready conducting training and ops
concurrently, he has
to be deployed at a
capability of sustaining long
short notice time ops and train new

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(iv)Air capability. soldiers for reinforcement.

(iv) Sukhoi has high speed and
Sukhoi Su-30 support
performs a 4.5-hour combat
from Rwata Republic on mission with a range of
3000km. M1-24 AH is a two-
call, and MI-24 AH
engine attack helicopter
support from Rwata designed for close air
support of ground forces
Republic on call
against armoured targets and
(v)Recce Capability for transport of personnel
(v) En is capable of conducting
using UAVs
air recce using UAVs

Deduction
(i) There is a need to secure our
rears using inf and protect it
against En air attack using AD
systems.
(ii)There is a need to destroy
his air using AD.
(iii)There is a need to find and
destroy en training areas.
Additionally, there is a need to
win heart and minds of our
population by mobilization for
denying en recruitment
(iv)There is need to task Air
defence to install effective
radars that can detect air space
intrusion and then prepare attack
on the enemy air assets.

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(v)There is a need to task AD to

monitor airspace to harass en UAV
conducting recce.

En Doctrine. Consideration
IF believes that the Since the en believes in E1. Deny
side which wins the intelligence to win the battle,
information struggle he is likely to intercept our
will succeed in the communication and recruit intel
operational struggle and agents in our own forces and
therefore places heavy Rugali population. In addition,
reliance on he can abduct our soldiers for
reconnaissance forces. further interrogations.
While the information Deduction
may be made available to Therefore, there is need to
the divisional and conduct counter intelligence ops.
brigade commanders, Additionally, there is a need to
there are considerable mobilize the Rugali population to
reconnaissance assets deny en recruitment.
available for use at the
tactical and lower
operational levels.

Morale Consideration E1. Disrupt

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The En morale varies Since the En morale is high, he

according to their
is likely to launch offensive ops
operational success and
acquisition of new against own forces.
equipment. Therefore, it
Deduction
is believed to be high
due to the support of There is a need to disrupt his
RWATA Rep. plan using AD and Arty

(2) HVT/HPT List

S/N HVT HPT
1 82MMl SAM
2 12.7MM AAC RM 70
3 14.5MM AAC RG-31 NYALA
4 SPG9 ATMOS
5 120MM 120MM
6 SAM
7 RM70
8 RG-31 NYALA
9 ATMOS 2000

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(3) Enemy’s Capabilities/Vulnerabilities

(4)
S/N CAPABILITY RANGE CALIBRE
1 SPG9 3-4KM 73MM
2 82MM MORTAR 3KM 82MM
3 120MM MORTAR 7-8KM 120MM
4 RM70 3Ha Radius 122MM
5 RG-31 NYALA 2000M 3000M
6 ATMOS 24-30KM 155MM
7 14.5MM AAC 4KM 14.5MM
8 12.7MM AAC 2KM 12.7MM
9 120MM MORTAR 7-8KM 120MM
1O SAM7 3700-4200KM -

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STEP 3: THREAT INTEGRATION

(1) Enemy Effect Schematic

SER EFFECT PURPOSE

1. FIND iot confirm our own position, and own artillery weapons
2. DISRUPT iot disorganize our activities
3. FIX iot deny own force freedom of action
4. SECURE iot protect his force in CONC AREA, FUP and ASSY AREA
5. NEUTRALISE iot diminish own force arty wpn capability
6. STRIKE Iot inflict heavy casualties on own forces
7. BREACH Iot enhance his force mobility
8. DESTROY Iot damage our equipment
9. DEFEAT Iot diminish own force effectiveness

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Question/ Factors Consideration Task/ Constraints

(So what/analysis)

(a) (b) (c)

EN EFFECTS Consideration. Task: Use RISTA assets, and Air power

to neutralize en recce elms.
a. FIND IoT cfm own The en gets info
location and activities. about own activities
using informers and
sympathisers and his
recce capabilities
like UAV.

Deduction

There is need to
conceal our forces
using OPSEC and
disrupt en recce
activities.

b. FIX in order to Consideration

deny own force freedom
The En is likely to Task: Neutralize en tks and arty using

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of action. fix own forces iot own Arty and Ant-tank assets.
deny own and FF
freedom of action in
our AO using his
Arty and Amour.

Deduction

There is need to
counter his Adv and
neutralise en Arty
and tks using own
Arty and Ant-tank
assets

c. STRIKE to inflict Consideration Task: ADA to destroy en Air strike

loss and heavy
En is likely strike
causalities iot weaken
own force with Air
our combat ability or to
to weaken our combat
destroy our will to
ability.
fight.
Deduction

There is to

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neutralise en Air
assets using our ADA

d. DEFEAT in order to Consideration Tasks: 111 x BG to defeat en force by

weaken own force counter attack.
The en is likely to
effectiveness
attack own forces
Defensive Psn IoT
defeat and create
freedom to conduct
attack at Gabiro
Barracks and
Airport.

Deduction

There is a need to
counter en attack
using our Inf,
Armor, Arty and Air.

e. DISRUPT iot Consideration T2. Own Arty

disorganize our
En is likely to
offensive activities
disrupt own force

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using Arty wpns or

Inf IOT disorganize
our offensive
operations

Deduction

There is a need to
conceal our
activities using
OPSEC and destroy en
Arty wpns using our
Arty Wpns IOT
neutralize his plans

f. SECURE iot protect Consideration T2. Own Arty and Inf

his force in CONC AREA,
En is likely to
FUP and ASSY AREA
secure his force in
CONC AREA, FUP and
ASSY AREA using his
Armor

Deduction

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There is a need to
find En using our
RISTA Assets and
disrupt his
activities using our
Arty capability

g. Destroy IOT damage Consideration

our equipment
The En is likely to Task: Conceal using own Engr and
destroy own destroy En Arty using own Arty wpns and
equipment using his Air assets.
Arty and Air assets

Deduction

There is a need to
conceal our
equipment using
OPSEC and destroy en
using our Arty and
AD IOT neutralize
his plans

h. BREACH iot enhance Consideration

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his force mobility The En is likely to Task: Monitor using RISTA and destroy
breach own obstacles using own Arty wpns.
(minefields) using
his field engrs

Deduction

There is a need to
monitor our
obstacles using
RISTA and use our
Arty to neutralize
his plans

(2) Enemy Courses of Action

En COA 1 Advantage

Intent. Enemy is likely to invade Information&Intelligence

RUGARI and capture both Gabiro
Command
barracks and Airport
Protection
SOM: Enemy is likely to find

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own forces activities using its Firepower

RISTA assets and his Inf iot COA1 is the most likely.
confirm own force movements in
GABIRO area (GS5130), destroy
using Arty iot damage our C3,
Disadvantage
Strike using Air assets iot
weaken own forces and defeat own Manoeuvre
forces using his Mechanized Inf
Sustainability
iot capture Gabiro barracks and
Airport.

ME:

Enemy is likely to capture both

Gabiro barracks and Airport which
lies with Inf.

En COA 2 Advantage

Intent. Enemy is likely to invade Manoeuvre COA2 is the most

RUGARI and capture both Gabiro dangerous.
Protection
barracks and Airport

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SOM: Enemy is likely to find Firepower

own forces activities iot confirm
Command
own force movement at GS 4530
using its RISTA assets, disrupt
iot disorganize own forces using
Disadvantage
artly, Fix iot deny own forces
freedom of action using armour, Minimum means of
defeat own forces using his Inf information and
iot capture Gabiro barracks and intelligence
Airport.

ME:

Enemy is likely to capture both

Gabiro barracks and Airport which
lies with Inf.

En COA 3.

Intent. Enemy is likely to invade Advantage

RUGARI and capture both Gabiro
a. command
barracks and Airport
b. Information and COA1 is the most

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SOM Intelligence probable.

Enemy is likely to find using c. Manoeuvre

UAVs iot locate own forces,
f. fire power
disrupt using Arty iot
disorganize own forces, destroy
our C3 using air assets iot
Disadvantage
demoralise own forces, defeat
using inf iot capture both Gabiro Protection.
baracks and Airport.
Sustainability
ME:

Enemy is likely to defeat our own

forces iot capture both Gabiro
barracks and Airport which lies
with Inf.

COA COMPARISON

S/N FIC COA1 COA2 COA3 WEIGHT

1 COMMAND 5 5 4 5

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2 MANOUVRE 4 4 4 5

3 INTEL and Info 5 2 5 5

4 FIRE POWER 5 5 4 5

5 SUSTAINMENT 4 3 3 5

6 PROTECTION 5 3 5 5

7 TOTAL 28 22 24 30

(3) Situation Overlay (see on Map Board)

(4) Event Overlay (see on Map Board)
(5) Decision Support (DSO) Overlay (see on Map Board)

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