St. Mary’s Academy of Jasaan, Inc.

Formerly: Mary Immaculate Academy

E. Quirino St. 9003, Upper Jasaan, Misamis Oriental
S.Y. 2023-2024

EXPLORING THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE

PROCRASTINATION: A STUDY ON THE 'MAÑANA'
HABIT AMONG GRADE 10 STUDENTS OF ST.
MARY’S ACADEMY OF JASAAN

Bridgette Marie D. Abastas

Kate Charlemagne C. Mercado
Ayesha Lian D. Alvarico
Trixie Netanja Salinas
Jake Rollen S. Tamayo
Jovem Jarred A. Llumpera
Karl Terrence L. Lacorte
Renzo Rey G. Ke-e
Researchers

Mr. Rey C. Carreon

Mr. Aldren G. Amor
Research Advsers

May 2024
CHAPTER I
Introduction

In a world flooded with conflicting demands and distractions, the saying, "Why do it
now when you can do it later?" captures the underlying mindset that puts students on the
same ground as it is most likely for them to hear it amongst each other. While it is true that a
variety of factors influence students' academic success, the impact of procrastination on
their academic outcomes is certainly major.

This intriguing subject raises fundamental concerns regarding the various cognitive
and behavioral mechanisms that explain the tendency to postpone tasks and delay taking
action. Effective time management is critical to academic performance and sustaining high
grades among students. While this concept is generally recognized, the awful reality is that
most, if not all, students have experienced the negative consequences of the Mañana Habit.
This behavioral habit, refers to the susceptibility to defer work and prefer instant enjoyment
above long-term goals. As a result, students are wrestling with the negative repercussions of
this practice on their academic performance.

When it comes to academics, the Mañana habit might present itself in a variety of
ways. Students may find themselves repeatedly putting off critical study sessions, convincing
themselves that they will begin tomorrow or that they have plenty of time. The appeal of brief
escape from the pressures of studying can be alluring, encouraging people to indulge in
avoidance behaviors rather than face the responsibilities at hand.

The consequences of succumbing to this habit, on the other hand, are far-reaching.
Academic procrastination can lead to hasty assignments, a lack of grasp of subject matter,
and greater stress as deadlines approach. Furthermore, it can impede the development of
discipline, time management skills, and the ability to persevere in the face of adversity,
abilities that are essential for success not only in academics but also in other areas of life.

According to Evangelista (2017), the word Mañana comes from a Spanish word
Mañana means "tomorrow", or just simply to do a particular activity at a later time, in a
procrastinate manner. The Filipino version of Mañana Habit can be said as "mamaya na",
which means later. It is a common trait among Filipinos to engage in last-minute efforts to
meet deadlines. This behavior manifests in various aspects of life, including submitting
reports, filing income taxes, completing registrations, studying for exams, and fulfilling other
scheduled requirements, according to Lacson (2022). The tendency to procrastinate and
rush to complete tasks just before the deadline can be observed as a prevalent
characteristic among Filipino individuals.

In a study conducted by Magoosh, an educational company, it was revealed that a

staggering 86% of high school students admitted to engaging in the practice of
procrastination when it comes to completing their assignments. The productivity and
academic performance of students can be influenced by their behavior and attitude towards
academic requirements. One prevalent and undesirable trait found among many Filipinos is
procrastination (Luquing, 2019). This characteristic is often observed in the Filipino culture
and can have adverse effects on their educational pursuits.

Aiming on a specific but effective research, a study conducted by Pacursa et al.

(2021) concluded an indirect association between the self-discipline of students and their
year level. This means that students in lower years displayed higher levels of discipline
compared to those in higher years. Thus, focusing on the majority of Grade 10 students of
St. Mary’s Academy of Jasaan provides thorough and distinguished results on the journey to
understand and discover the roots of procrastination and common practices and influence
that results to procrastination.

While it is commonly researched, it is not completely understood because it can

manifest differently in individuals and is influenced by a combination of personal, situational,
and environmental factors. Additionally, procrastination is a multifaceted behavior that can
have both positive and negative outcomes, making it challenging to fully comprehend its
underlying mechanisms.

The researchers aim to examine and assess the factors that results to procrastination
habits, commonly referred to as "Mañana Habits," and attributes common among grade 10
students that is often overlooked but is actually highly causing procrastination habits. The
outcomes of this research endeavor will serve as a foundation for the development of an
empowerment program tailored to students' needs.

Statement of the Problem

The Mañana Habit is the unwarranted postponement of decisions, even when one is
aware that doing so could have negative effects. Self-control issues are becoming more and
more common; students often fail to complete the required coursework. The purpose of this
study is to determine how grade 10 students of Saint Mary's Academy of Jasaan's mañana
habit affects their academic performance in the academic year 2023–2024. The study's
findings may provide the foundation for the academic success of the students.

The following inquiries will provide an answer to this:

[Link] often do grade 10 students turn in schoolwork late?

2. Why do students put off doing task till later?

3. What factors highly influence procrastination?

4. What makes grade 10, students in higher level, prone to the Mañana Habit?

5. What steps can a student take to overcome the Mañana Habit?

Theoretical Framework

Within the realm of procrastination research, a multitude of theoretical frameworks

has surfaced, each offering insights into this pervasive phenomenon. Developed by Piers
Steel and Cornelius J. König in 2015, Temporal Motivation Theory (TMT) is an integrative
motivational theory. It highlights the importance of time as a motivating and crucial element
in comprehending human behavior. The theory integrates elements of several important
theories, including as cumulative prospect theory, need theory, hyperbolic discounting, and
expectancy theory.

The following formula can be used to calculate an individual's motivation for a task,
according to TMT: Motivation = (Expectancy × Value) / (Impulsiveness × Delay).
The theory identifies three key factors that influence motivation and contribute to the
Mañana Habit. Firstly, expectancy, referring to individuals' belief in their ability to succeed in
a given task, plays a crucial role. Those with low self-efficacy or previous negative
experiences tend to have diminished expectancy and are more likely to delay task initiation.
Secondly, value represents the importance or significance individuals attach to a task and its
associated rewards. Tasks with immediate gratification or short-term rewards are perceived
as more valuable, leading individuals to prioritize them over tasks with long-term benefits.
Lastly, impulsiveness, the tendency to act on immediate desires without considering long-
term consequences, is linked to the Mañana Habit.
 According to the formula, motivation will rise with increases in expectation and value
and fall with increases in impulsiveness and delay. TMT can be used to analyze many facets
of human behavior, including goal-setting and procrastination.

Researcher and psychologist Timothy Pychyl (1995) have dedicated his career to
studying the psychology of procrastination. His research clearly links to the TMT principles,
emphasizing the value of efficient time management in raising motivation and decreasing
procrastination.

At New York University, Peter Gollwitzer leads the Enhancing Implementation

research group (1999). This group has undertaken research on the implementation of
intentions, a critical part of TMT. Their research has focused on how individuals might boost
their motivation by efficiently planning and executing their goals.

While TMT employs a mathematical model to analyze decision-making based on

expectancy, value, and impulsiveness. Another theory shares commonalities in emphasizing
cognitive processes, motivation, and the impact of environmental factors through
observational learning.

Social Learning Theory, developed by the psychologist Albert Bandura, emphasizes

the importance of observation and modeling in the learning process. According to this
hypothesis, people learn by actively observing others, imitating their actions, and
experiencing the consequences of their actions. The idea posits four steps: attention,
retention, reproduction, and motivation. It has implications on education, behavior
modification, media influence, and the understanding of hostility and violence. Overall, Social
Learning Theory focuses on how active observation, imitation, and reinforcement influence
learning and behavior.

Rotter (1954) established the concept of locus of control, which is consistent with
Social Learning Theory. He contended that people's ideas about whether their actions may
alter outcomes influence their motivation and conduct. His studies helped to better
understand how people view the relationship between their own actions and consequences.

This study delves into the intricate concept of procrastination by integrating teo
prominent theories: Bandura's social learning theory, and the Temporal Motivation Theory
(TMT). By combining Bandura's focus on the interplay between behavior, environment, and
individuals, we gain a sociological context for comprehending procrastination. This study
uses Temporal Motivation Theory (TMT), and Bandura's Social Learning Theory to explore
procrastination. It focuses on the interplay between behavior, environment, and individuals,
and the relationship between students' impulsivity, expectancies, and assignment
importance, aiming to understand the complex issue.

Conceptual Framework

Several factors are found common among studies grounded on the investigation for
thorough understanding about a student’s susceptibility to procrastination. The independent
and dependent factors are Mañana Habit and motivation. Both of which are vital in a
student’s routine and creates an impact on how they handle responsibilities. This determines
a student’s tendency to put off academic tasks until a later time or the last minute in a
procrastinate manner.

An individual's confidence in their capacity to complete a task is referred to as

expectation. It affects their self-confidence and motivation respectively. Value is related to
the benefits or perceived significance of doing a task. Depending on the importance they
place on the results, it motivates people to put in time and effort. Impulsivity is the act of
doing without thinking through the consequences, especially when there are other
distractions or instant reward available. It affects self-control and may cause further delays in
finishing tasks.
 Figure 1. Factors that Influence Manyana Habit

Delay is the act of delaying the start or completion of a work. It causes

procrastination, which can lead to higher levels of stress and lower-quality work.

This study aims to identify and understand the complex relationships that exist
between behavior, environment, and persons, with a particular emphasis on the
relationships between students' expectations, impulsivity, and relevance of assignments.
The goal is to obtain a thorough grasp of the intricate problem of student procrastination.
The study intends to provide light on the underlying mechanisms that contribute to
procrastination behavior by investigating the interactions between these variables.

Scope and delimitation

The scope of this study focuses on determining the causes of procrastination among
selected SMAJ students in grade 10 and finding strategies to reduce or eliminate this habit.
In particular, the relationships between students' expectations, impulsivity, and the relevance
of assignments are the focus of this study, which looks for and tries to understand the
complex relationships between behavior, environment, and people. Specifically, the study
will explore the prevalence of the procrastination habit, investigate its causes, and examine
its relationship with academic performance among the selected students.

The delimitation of this study is that it focuses on a specific group of students, namely
grade 10 students from SMAJ. The study does not include students from other grades or
educational institutions. By limiting the study to this specific group, it allows for a more
focused and targeted analysis of the procrastination habit among these students and its
impact on their academic performance.

Significance of the study

The findings of this study will be of benefit to the following:

To the students. This study will be used as a guide to awareness about the causes
and effects of Mañana habit especially to those who are constantly procrastinating on their
assigned tasks.

To the teachers. This study will help educators to give importance to time
management and how this can be prevented and put an end to it.
 To the parents and guardians. This study will give them a better understanding
about this procrastination pattern and teach the future generations to cease off this particular
issue.

Overall, this study will serve as a guide and can contribute to the communities due to
the fact that everyone shares a similar characteristic in life.

Definition of Terms

Procrastination. Procrastination is the act of postponing or delaying tasks or actions that

need to be completed within a given timeframe.

Mañana Habit. Mañana habit refers to the tendency to consistently and habitually postpone
or delay tasks, responsibilities, or obligations until a later time or deadline. Filipino
counterpart for procrastination.

Time Management. Time management is the practice of effectively planning, organizing,

and prioritizing tasks and activities to optimize productivity and make efficient use of
available time.

Tendency. Tendency refers to our natural tendency or inclination to lean towards a

particular behavior or preference.

Repercussions. Repercussions refer to the negative consequences or effects that occur as

a result of a certain action or event.

Pressure. Pressure is the feeling of being under stress or experiencing the weight of
expectations, demands, or responsibilities.

Expectations. Expectations refer to an individual's belief or perception of their likelihood to

succeed in a particular task or goal. It is the subjective assessment of one's personal ability
and confidence in achieving desired outcomes.

Detrimental. Detrimental refers to something that causes harm, damage, or adverse effects.

Phenomenon. Phenomenon refers to an observable and notable occurrence, event, or

situation that is worthy of study or investigation.

Succumbing. Succumbing refers to yielding or giving in to a temptation, pressure, or

influence, often resulting in an undesirable outcome or action.
CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature

This chapter contains literature and studies on Mañana Habit, time management, its
impact on academic performance, and factors that contribute to Mañana Habit among
students. These materials were gathered from online journals, theses and dissertations, and
other online sources which provided the researchers with an exhaustive review of the topic
and essential background knowledge to pursue the study.

In the cultural landscape of the Philippines, a distinctive behavioral pattern known as

the "Mañana Habit" has been highlighted by Jostine (2021) as one of the most common
habits that is detrimental as much as it is normalized. This is considered one of the Filipino
bad habits, leading to rushed work and missed deadlines. Saying “mamaya ko na gagawin”
is usual among student teenagers, which leads to the study of Kurniawan (2024) that states
laziness as one of the factors of procrastination. Therefore, it is important for students to
learn time management strategies. Aside from laziness, Sudirman et al. (2023) suggests the
fear of failure and perfectionism as high contributors of procrastination.

Adversity of such habits leads to decrease in academic standing or overall academic

performance in line with Goher et al. (2022) which reveals that increase in stress causes
increases in procrastination among students and vice versa. Further affect student academic
performance and their grades.

Students without clear schedules or priorities can be more easily tempted to put off
work or important academic assignments when managing their time. Added by Menguin
(2023) the "Manana Habit" is a dream killer that prevents us from getting started.
Procrastination is a common struggle for students, as noted by Clark (2021). It leads to
reduced productivity, increased stress, and anxiety.

Therefore, this behaviour can affect mood, decision-making abilities, and overall well-
being. It can even become dangerous if it becomes natural to people. Recognizing goals and
priorities is crucial in breaking this habit. Creating and adhering to routines is a progressive
way to overcome procrastination and increase productivity Bernaldo (2019).

Furthermore, Kim et al. (2015) found a negative correlation between procrastination

and academic performance. The implications of these findings are significant, as they
suggest that the way in which procrastination is measured and the characteristics of the
participants should be taken into consideration when studying its impact on academic
performance. It is important to note that studies on procrastination have found inconsistent
results regarding the correlation of procrastination to academic performance. Results vary on
respondents’ demographics and measurement approaches which proposes an importance
to specify a target of study for more accurate and effective solutions.

Various research has been conducted to come up with effective solutions but
procrastination is a disease that can only be mended by the self. Allen, D. (2015). 'Getting
Things Done,' suggests that the first step is self-awareness, recognizing and acknowledging
the tendency to delay tasks. Understanding the reasons behind procrastination, such as fear
or lack of motivation, allows individuals to implement effective strategies.

Kendra, C. (2023). ‘Very Well Mind’, has a similar take from which includes setting
realistic goals, breaking tasks into smaller parts, creating a schedule, and seeking support.
By consistently practicing these strategies, students can improve their productivity and
achieve academic goals.

Review of Related Studies

A. International Studies

Examining the mañana habit from a worldwide viewpoint, this Review of Related
Literature explores for insights learned from studies conducted internationally that examine
procrastination in various cultural contexts. Diverse perspectives of Mañana and its impact
on students' academic performance have been researched in multiple studies, yielding
various conclusions that are pertinent to the researcher's current research.

As stated by the Head of the American Psychological Association's Center for

Organizational Excellence, Ballard (2018), the procrastination is not all about the avoidance
of tasks. But still, it should include an aspect that is irrational, inimical, and irrelevant.
However, according to Ducharme, as cited from Rozental (2018) stated that people
procrastinate due to reason that they don't value a certain task, and they expect that they
could not attain the value that they want to aim for because of the impulsivity of people.

Added by Cherry (2019), neglecting a project or work, or not doing the household
chores, and the reason was because of the uncontrolled habit of procrastination, can
absolutely give you a huge impact on your work, academic grades and in your life. Bailey
(2017) suggested that it would be easy if you continue what you have started. It will be better
if you are going to finish the tasks right away. There would be no room for cramming if we
will just do everything on time.
 As mentioned by Leiberman (2019) the answer as to why doing procrastination makes
us feel so rotten is due to consciousness within ourselves because whenever people
procrastinate, they are not just aware that they are avoiding a task but they are doing it
intentionally. To avoid procrastination, divide your works into parts, set personal deadlines,
face the big waves first, and start something or anything more problematic since some side
effects can increase students' tendency to procrastinate more. Added by Katz, Eilot and
Nevo, (2014), many students procrastinate with regards to lecture things to do.
Procrastination involves delaying the performance and tasks until a person experiences
distress due to having no time left to do works.

Furthermore, Gunn (2019) stated that students who procrastinate might be because they
have a lack of motivation, low self-esteem, atychiphobia, trouble understanding, low energy
levels, and poor organization skills. Students often procrastinate because they don't see how
a project is relevant or important to them, don't understand the material, or just don't know
how to get started. Hence, Shangkuan (2019) suggested that many students need insights
but. Lag in official work, which controls a person's goal-directed behavior. The official work is
the capacity to expect issues, set objectives, arrange, organize, prioritize, delay satisfaction,
screen advance and move in the event that essential, all of which are the cure to
procrastination.

As stated by Karafiloski (2018) there are three (3) strategies to overcome procrastination
in line with what has just been stated. Primarily, it is important to do your morning routines.
Secondly, do it right now and pass it on to the actual deadline. Lastly, discipline yourself.
You should always know what you need to do. You need to be focused and to work smarter
and not harder.

B. Local Studies

Studying the mañana habit in the context of the Philippines, this Review of Related
Literature focuses on research done locally among the Filipino community. In order to
understand the complex interactions between cultural norms, societal expectations, and
psychological factors that contribute to Filipino students' procrastination tendencies. This
review synthesizes the existing local research. We hope to provide a thorough knowledge of
the Mañana Habit inside our cultural mindset by analyzing these findings. opening the door
for focused treatments and methods to deal with and lessen procrastination tendencies
particular to the Filipino environment.
 In the study conducted by Evangelista (2017), the word "Mañana" and its meaning
were discussed. The term, which originates from Spanish and translates to "tomorrow" or
doing something later in a procrastinated manner, is commonly associated with the Filipino
version of the "Mañana Habit" expressed as "mamaya na." Interestingly, this term was
introduced by Spaniards, creating an irony when they label Filipinos as lazy.

Moving on to Asio's research (2020), it was found that procrastination is a prevalent

issue among Filipino students, as it leads to negative consequences like failure this kind of
problem would affect the student’s personal aspects, and habit. This would heighten its
stress levels by different kinds of various factors that contribute to the tendency among
Filipino students’ academic performance.

Another study carried Belmonte (2019), describes that mañana habit is a practice of
procrastination in the daily life of a Filipino student. This kind of habit has significant
repercussions, particularly for Filipino students who often delay their academic tasks due to
their lack of personal traits, and support.

In Addition to Aila's study (2018), emphasizes the commonality of procrastination among

Filipino students, regardless of their personal traits. The Mañana Habit has become deeply
ingrained in the Filipino students’ mindset that leads to a tendency of failure, and puts things
off until the last deadline.

Shifting focus to Padua's research (2017), the detrimental impact of mañana habit on
Filipino students’ academic performance is a huge problem. Mañana habit causes delays
and hinders the students' ability to achieve their desired performance that would lead to poor
time management, and Decreased Academic Performance due to their lack of time that are
met with the deadlines.

Furthermore, to the study of Valerio (2017), points out the alarming tendency of Filipino
students that delay their work until the deadline approaches. This practice, known as
mañana habit, can have negative effects on student’s efficiency and the effectiveness of
their academic performance, and especially it would lead to failure, depression and lack of
perseverance

Examining the study conducted by Feguracion (2023), this shows the relationship
between the mañana habit and its impacts on Filipino students according to their personal
traits. Mañana habit may affect the development of certain personality aspects of a Filipino
student, such as conscientiousness or self-discipline. This can impact students' overall
personal and professional growth.
 In an article by Almonte (2016), five anti-procrastination habits that Filipino students can
adopt are discussed. It defines that procrastination as the act of postponing or delaying a
task. This article further emphasizes that unmanaged procrastination can lead to
complications and increased stress levels, particularly for students. However, but some are
discussed on how to solve this kind of problem those are Seek Accountability and Support,
and avoid distractions.

Moreover, to Pacursa's study (2021), reveals that academic procrastination is not

significantly related to the year level of students. It's based on Filipino students’ personal
traits depending on the student’s activeness and efficiency. However, the study includes
some solutions on how to deal with "mañana habit" or "procrastination" these are the
solutions on how to deal with mañana habit use time management techniques, Set Clear
and Achievable Goals, and finally Practice Self-Compassion.

Lastly, Olleras (2022), the study discovered that personality traits and academic
procrastination levels were high on this time. There is a significant relationship between
personality traits and procrastination, indicating that certain traits contribute to
procrastination. Additionally, personality traits have a significant influence on academic
procrastination on the Filipino students’ mindset.

C. Relationship of Past Studies to the Related Studies

Previous international and local studies have contributed valuable information to the
current research on the effects of the "Manana Habit" on students. These studies, conducted
within the past decade, have examined the impact of procrastination on students and
focused on both global and local contexts. International studies have delved into the effects
of the "Manana Habit" on students worldwide, while local studies conducted in the
Philippines have highlighted the challenges and negative traits specific to Filipino individuals.
By drawing on these past studies, the current research is able to gather a strong foundation
of factual and relevant information to better understand the occurrence of procrastination in
our daily lives.
CHAPTER III

Research Methodology

The primary objective of this study was to identify the key factors contributing to
procrastination habits, also known as " Mañana Habit," and their impact on the academic
performance of Grade 10 students at St. Mary's Academy of Jasaan. This chapter describes
the techniques employed in the study, including the research design, study participants, data
collection instrument, sampling method, data gathering procedure, and the statistical tool
utilized.

Research Design

The researchers used Survey Research to understand and assess the common
factors influencing motivation and the habit of procrastination among Grade 10 students at
St. Mary's Academy of Jasaan. It is aimed to investigate the causes of poor time
management and identify effective measures to address them.

The research involved conducting surveys through handout questionnaires which

probes how students procrastinate during their free time, as well as gathering information
about this behavior. Additionally, the researchers collected data from similar existing studies
to gain more in-depth knowledge on the subject.

Respondents of the Study

The researchers randomly selected a group of 40 grade 10 students from both

sections of St. Mary's Academy of Jasaan to serve as respondents in this study. These
selected respondents constitute a sample that represents a larger population of grade 10
students at St. Mary's Academy. The sample size was chosen to ensure a broader basis for
investigation and is valid to accurately represent the entire grade 10 student population
academically.

Data Collection Instrument

In order to collect information and evaluate the effects of procrastination and the
Mañana Habit on grade 10 pupils at St. Mary's Academy of Jasaan, the researchers
distributed a survey questionnaire. This instrument was employed to gather data and
investigate the ways in which the mañana habit affects students' academic achievement.
The questionnaire addresses the bad behaviors linked to procrastination as well as the
students' capacity for efficient time management. Additionally, demographic information on
the students' interests, time management abilities, and academic standing is gathered.
Finding patterns, trends, and the detrimental consequences of the mañana habit on grade
10 students' academic performance are the goals of this data analysis.

Sampling Design

The researchers employed a simple random sampling technique to select

participants. To ensure an adequate sample size and gather sufficient information, a number
of fifty (40) students from Grade 10 were randomly chosen. The Grade 10 population
consisted of a total of fifty-nine (59) students, divided into two (2) sections.

The rationale for focusing on Grade 10 students stems from their common
susceptibility to the Mañana Habit. These students often find themselves overwhelmed with
a significant workload, leading them to resort to the Mañana Habit as a coping mechanism or
excuse. By targeting this particular grade level, the study aims to gain insights into the
experiences and perspectives of individuals most affected by this phenomenon.

Data Gathering Procedure

During our long investigation into procrastination among 10th graders of St. Mary's
Academy of Jasaan, we took great effort to obtain valuable information. The first stage was
to design a questionnaire and ensure that all selected respondents had the opportunity to
participate. Before initiating a survey, we asked the school administrator for permission to
conduct our research. We personally handed the request letters and surveys to each
student, giving them clear directions on how to complete the survey swiftly. We gathered the
completed questionnaires the same day. We painstakingly organized and analyzed the
acquired data. The next sections of this research delve into the fascinating discoveries and
insights discovered along the way.

Statistical Tool

After collecting the data, the researchers organized and tabulated it. They then
performed statistical analysis to address the research questions. The statistical tools used
included frequency, distribution, and percentages.

1. Frequency distribution will be an arrangement of the data which shows the

frequency of different values or groups of variables.
 2. Percentage will be used to determine the proportion of each given data by using
the formula.

% =(F/N) * 100

Where

%= Percentage

F= Number of respondents

N= total number of cases

Percentage and frequency distribution were used to analyze the prevalence of the
Mañana Habit and to determine common factors that influence procrastination. These
statistical tools provided insights into the extent to which the habit affected students'
educational outcomes. Percentage distribution highlighted the proportion of students
exhibiting the habit within different performance ranges, while frequency distribution showed
the absolute count of students in each range. These measures allowed for a comprehensive
understanding of frequent behaviours and its connection to Mañana Habit.
 St. Mary’s Academy of Jasaan, Inc
Formerly: Mary Immaculate Academy
E. Quirino St. 9003, Upper Jasaan, Misamis Oriental
S.Y. 2023-2024

February 15, 2024

S. Ma. Virginia V. Adubal, RVM

School Principal

Dear S. Adubal;
Good day! Praised be Jesus and Mary!

We, the 10th-grade students of Our Mother of Perpetual Help, namely: Bridgette
Marie D. Abastas, Kate Charlemagne C. Mercado, Ayesha Lian D. Alvarico, Trixie
Netanja Salinas, Jake Rollen S. Tamayo, Jovem Jarred A. Llumpera, Karl Terrence
L. Lacorte, Renzo Rey G. Ke-e, are writing to seek your permission to conduct a
research study titled "Exploring the Factors that Influence Procrastination: A Study
on the 'Mañana' Habit among Grade 10 students of St. Mary's Academy of Jasaan"
as part of our requirements for the English subject.

We kindly request permission from your office to carry out our research study within
your institution. Please rest assured that all data collected will be treated with the
highest level of confidentiality and used exclusively for academic purposes.

We believe that you share our eagerness to fulfill this requirement for our subject
and to enhance our personal growth and development. We sincerely hope for your
favorable response to this humble request. Your approval to conduct this study
would be greatly appreciated.

Respectfully,

BRIDGETTE MARIE D. ABASTAS

Group Leader

Recommending Approval:

REY C. CARREON
Research Adviser

Approved by:

S. MA. VIRGINIA V. ADUBAL

School Principal
 St. Mary’s Academy of Jasaan, Inc
Formerly: Mary Immaculate Academy
E. Quirino St. 9003, Upper Jasaan, Misamis Oriental
S.Y. 2023-2024

Name of Respondent: ____________________________

Grade & Section: __________________________

Age: __________________________

“Exploring the Factors that Influence Procrastination: A Study

on the 'Mañana' Habit among Grade 10 Students of St. Mary’s
Academy of Jasaan”

Confidentiality
Your privacy and confidentiality are of utmost importance to us. Please be assured that all the
information you provide in this research survey will be kept strictly confidential. Your responses will
only be used for research purposes and reported in an aggregated and anonymous manner

Instructions:
Based on your personal routine as a student, choose your best answer. Your identity will remain
anonymous, particularly when the data collected will be presented in the results of this research. Check
the number that best describe your personal habit as a student.

1- Never 2-Sometimes 3-Often 4-Always

Frequency of Students Delaying Tasks

Questions 1 2 3 4

Do you put off school works until the last minute?

How often do external factors, such as family responsibilities or

duties, impact your ability to complete assignments on time?

Do you miss deadlines because of spending too much time on

social media?
 Students Delay Tasks

Do you find yourself distracted by other things? (e.g., social

media, video games)

Do you have other responsibilities at home or part-time jobs?

Do you lack of self-discipline?

Do you have difficulty starting the task?

Grade 10 Prone to Procrastination

Do you have increased workload and academic pressure

compared to previous grade levels?

Do you feel overwhelmed as a Grade 10 student?

Does peers in your grade level influence you to procrastinate?

Instructions:
Enumerate what is asked in the given questions; put your answers inside the table below.

Factors that Influence you to Procrastinate

What do you think is the most effective solution to motivate yourself to start your tasks?

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How would you encourage others to start their task?

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