LESSON 2 – WORD FORMATION

Exercise 1: Fill in the gap in the sentence with the correct form of the
root word.
1. Your __________________ has no boundaries. KIND
2. I’ve found this __________________ in the Internet. INFORM
3. Thank you kindly for your __________________. INVITE
4. She watched the ______________________ of the new mobile on TV. PRESENT
5. We saw awful ________________________ because of the flood. DESTROY
6. They had no other ________________________ but to stay. CHOOSE
7. She saw her friend on a ________________________ to Paris. FLY
8. I don’t think crying is a sign of _________________________. WEAK
9. We spoke about the ________________________ in some countries. POOR
10. She told us about the _________________________ of the roads here. IMPROVE
11. We read about the ________________________ of the new device. INVENT
12. What is the latest ________________________ in physics? ACHIEVE
13. Tom thinks about his _________________________ at the university. EDUCATE
14. We expect his _________________________ on Tuesday morning. ARRIVE
15. What can you say about yesterday’s _________________________? PERFORM
16. Can you describe his _________________________? APPEAR
17. What is your _________________________? DECIDE
18. Their _________________________ will be on Saturday. MARRY
19. The _________________________ of this bridge will be finished soon. CONSTRUCT
20. Your _________________________ is awful, my dear! BEHAVE
21. We plan our _________________________ on Friday morning. DEPART
22. The _________________________ of this problem was very interesting. DISCUSS
23. I need your _________________________ in this document. SIGN
24. Do you know these _________________________? REQUIRE
25. He spoke about the _________________________of the company. MANAGE
26. I take no _________________________ to visit us on Sunday. REFUSE
27. You are an excellent __________________________! SWIM
28. Do you know the results of your_________________________ exams? ENTER
29. The _________________________ of new mobiles is planned on Monday. DELIVER
30. Your grammar _________________________ is very poor. KNOW
31. What is the _________________________ of this theorem? PROVE
32. My _________________________ was not correct. EXPLAIN
33. We discussed the _________________________ of the party at school. ARRANGE
34. Your _________________________ of these films isn’t convincing. COMPARE
35. I need your _________________________ in this discussion. ASSIST

Exercise 2: Fill in the gap in the sentence with the correct form of the
root word.
1. We have really high _______________ (EXPECT) about next year’s project.
2. If we get ________________ (PERMIT), we will start the project as soon as
possible.
3. I have an ________________ (IMPRESS) that some people are against the project.
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4. I fell in love with my wife at first sight, it was an instant ________________
(ATTRACT).
5. You can do what you like, it is your ________________ (DECIDE).
6. It is clear that ________________ (ACT) speak louder than words.
7. There is an art ________________ (EXHIBIT) in the Tate this weekend.
8. ________________ (PREPARE) is the key to passing the exam.
9. The musician did a fantastic ________________ (COMPOSE) of the theme tune.
10. Could you give us a ________________ (DESCRIBE) of the suspect?
11. Many endangered species need a lot of ________________ (PROTECT).
[Link] most important thing when buying a property is the ________________
(LOCATE).
13. ________________ (COMMUNICATE) between all members of staff is essential.
[Link] ________________ (SELECT) process of potential employees can be
complicated.
[Link] are many candidates under ________________ (CONSIDER).
[Link] ________________ (DESTRUCT) of our rainforests is a huge problem.
[Link] is too much air ________________ (POLLUTE) in capital cities.
18. I lack the ________________ (IMAGINE) to become a fiction writer.
[Link] are many rules and ________________ (REGULATE) in my workplace.
[Link] ________________ (VARY) in work conditions is surprising everyone.
21. I’m sorry, it was not my ________________ (INTEND) to scare you.
22. Might I make a few ________________ (SUGGEST)?
23. The ________________ (DEFINE) of awkward is hard to explain.
24. My internet ________________ (CONNECT) is a bit unreliable.
25. We need to avoid the ________________ (CONTAMINATE) of our seas and
oceans.

Exercise 3: Fill in the gap in the sentence with the correct form of the
root word.
1. It is ________________ (LIKE) to change in the near future.
2. The issue is very ________________ (PROBLEM).
3. We ended up having a very ________________ (ENJOY) day.
4. The party was very ________________ (EXCITE).
5. Do you often feel ________________ (BORE) at home?
6. I am very ________________ (WORRY) about my grandma.
7. The situation with COVID-19 is extremely ________________ (CONCERN).
8. I was very ________________ (INTEREST) in the topic of the lecture yesterday.
9. I always get ________________ (TIRE) when I am at work.
10. The internet is really ________________ (USE) in learning a language.
11. My children are really ________________ (HELP) and kind.
[Link] movie we saw last night was really ________________ (SCARE).
13. My sister is a ________________ (LOVE) person.
[Link] guy who works in the restaurant is really ________________ (FRIEND).
15. I am a very ________________ (RELY) person.
16. Being a teacher is a ________________ (REAL) job idea.
17. Is it ________________ (ESSENCE) to get a degree nowadays?

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18. My sibling is a little bit ________________ (USE), he never gets anything done on
time.
19. I find it ________________ (FRUSTRATE) when I fail exams.
20. What do you find ________________ (INTEREST) to learn about?
21. I was ________________ (HELP) as I could not help anyone.
[Link] whole situation was really ________________ (FRIGHTEN).
23. It was a ________________ (TERRIFY) idea to meet up with our school friends.
24. Traveling around the world is an ________________ (EXCEL) idea.
25. Being naughty is not ________________ (AWE) at all.

Exercise 4: Fill in the gap in the sentence with the correct form of the
root word.
1. That's the only reason I'm _________________ going to your party (ACTUAL).
2. We experienced an _________________ day at the seaside. (FORGET)
3. You just have to speak _________________ and pretend that nobody is listening.
(NATURE)
4. The new medicine proved to be very _________________ in dealing with the flu.
(EFFECT)
5. You will _________________ need warm clothes when you travel in March.
(DEFINITE)
6. There is no _________________ between the incident at the concert and the
protest march. (CONNECT)
7. Does anyone have any _________________ for our new project? (SUGGEST)
8. Many people think that 13 is an _________________ number (LUCK).
9. I couldn't believe the _________________ he gave me. (EXPLAIN)
10. The Russian oligarch is the _________________ of the stadium. (OWN)
11. The team have been very _________________ in their past few games.
(IMPRESS)
12. The _________________ has decided not to raise income taxes this year.
(GOVERN)
13. The weather is very _________________ in these parts of the country.
(CHANGE)
14. The president's _________________ has gone up in the recent polls.
(POPULAR)
15. It was so _________________ of me to leave the windows open so that
someone could get in. (CARE).
16. The _________________ was among the tallest in the city. (BUILD)
17. That pizza you made was very _________________ indeed. (TASTE)
18. Our _________________ is very important to me. (FRIEND)
19. It is _________________ to have such great children. (WONDER)
20. The doctor said that further treatment would be _________________. He
simply won't recover. (USE)
21. I saw the _________________ in the newspaper and thought I would apply at
once. (ADVERTISE)
22. Celebrities only want money, _________________ and glory. (FAMOUS)
23. The _________________ results have not been published yet. (SCIENCE)

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24. Mark is a very _________________ young man. He always helps me with the
groceries. (HELP)
25. It was a very _________________ thing to do, but in the end, it worked. (RISK)

Exercise 5: Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines
to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.
1. A Trip of a Lifetime!
I’m not usually a very (0) _________________ (AVENTURE) kind of person. I don't like
having too much (1) _________________ (EXCITE) in my life, but the trip that I took
on the river at the Iguaçu Falls between Brazil and Argentina was just fantastic
and totally (2) _________________ (FORGET)! We stayed in a small hotel in the town
centre and the next day we got on a (3) _________________ (CROWD) bus to the
Iguaçu Park, where the waterfalls are. We got off the bus near a very (4)
_________________ (LUXURY) hotel -the only hotel in the park - and then walked
down the path. You can go close to the waterfalls, and you get very wet from the
spray. The day we went, it was a bit (5) _________________ (CLOUD) but we took
some great photographs anyway. The scenery is (6) _________________
(SPECTACLE). Then we decided to go on a river trip to the falls. You get into an
(7) _________________ (INFLATE) boat and ride up the river to the base of the
waterfalls. The noise is (8) _________________ (INCREDIBLE) loud! But you have to
be careful because the water is rough and so it is a little bit (9) _________________
(DANGER) to be there. Back at our hotel, we had an hour of (10) _________________
(RELAX) before dinner, and we talked about all the fantastic things we had seen.

2. The Sea View Bed and Breakfast - a review

We stayed here last month for three nights and had an (0) _________________
(ENJOY) stay overall. We really liked the location - it's in the town centre, so
restaurants and shops are very (1) _________________ (ACCESS). And the scenery is
quite nice too - there are very (2) _________________ (ATTRACT) views over to the
hills on the other side. Breakfast is absolutely delicious, with an excellent (3)
_________________ (SELECT) of fruit. I love a cooked breakfast too and the one here
was (4) _________________ (BELIEVE) good! Also, the staff could not have been
more attentive and (5) _________________ (FRIEND). The bedroom was large and
(6) _________________ (SPACE), and the bathroom was too. So, what was the
problem? We had three almost (7) _________________ (SLEEP) nights. The bed was
the hardest and most (8) _________________ (COMFORT) bed I have ever tried to
sleep in! And there was a street outside the bedroom which had almost (9)
_________________ (CONTINUE) noise throughout the night. So it's (10)
_________________ (DOUBT) that we would go back. It’s a shame because the Sea
View has so many good things going for it.

3. Baboons
What happens when bigger animals come into our cities? Are they welcome or
are they considered a danger or a pest?
Often wild animals come into cities to look for food. In Cape Town, South Africa,
baboons have started coming into (0)_________________ (RESIDENT) areas on the

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edge of the city to feed. They open rubbish bins and eat fruit from gardens and
orchards. Some brave baboons have even come into people’s houses and taken
food from kitchen cupboards and fridges!
Baboons can be aggressive and have attacked a lot of pet animals, so (1)
_________________ (UNDERSTAND), many city residents don’t welcome their (2)
___________________ (PRESENT). The city can be a (3) ____________________
(DANGER) place for baboons too. Some have been (4) _________________ (INJURY)
or killed in car accidents and others have been electrocuted as they played with
electric cables.
Baboons are an (5) ________________ (ENDANGER) species and to save them
and (6) _________________ (MINIMAL) conflicts between humans and baboons, the
city council has employed a team of Baboon Monitors. The monitors’ job is to
chase baboons out of urban areas or catch them and release them in the
countryside. This policy has been quite (7) _________________ (SUCCESS), though it
is proving hard to stop baboons from coming back to the city once they see it as
a source of easy food.

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