GULF SAHODAYA EXAMINATION (SAUDI CHAPTER)

MARCH 2022

TERM II

CLASS : XI CHEMISTRY THEORY (043)

MAXIMUM MARKS : 35 TIME : 2 HOURS

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
Read the following instructions carefully.
1. There are 12 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A - Q. No. 1 to 3 are very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
3. SECTION B - Q. No. 4 to 11 are short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
4. SECTION C - Q. No. 12 is case based question carrying 5 marks.
5. All questions are compulsory.
6. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

SECTION A

1. Answer the following questions (any two) 1+1

(a) What will be the product of oxidation of but-2-ene in the presence of acidic
potassium permanganate ?
(b )Explain Wurtz reaction.
(c) Give the structure of the major product formed when 3 - ethylpent - 2 - ene is
treated with HBr in presence of peroxide.

2. (a) Describe the shapes of BF3 and BH4– . Assign the hybridisation of boron in 1+1
these species .
(b) [SiF6]2- is known whereas [SiCl6]2- not . Explain why ?

3. (a) Draw the structures of BeCl2 in the vapour phase 1+1

(b) Why is Li2CO3 decomposed at a lower temperature whereas Na2CO3 at higher
temperature ?

SECTION B

4. (a)A sample of pure PCl 5 was introduced into an evacuated vessel at 473 K . After 2+1
equilibrium was attained , concentration of PCl5 was found to be 0.5 x 10-1 mol L-1 . If
 value of KC is 8.3 x 10-3 . what are the concentrations of PCl3 and Cl2 at equilibrium ?
PCl5 (g) ⇌ PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)
(b) Write the solubility expression Ksp for Zr3(PO4)4

5. Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of CH3COOH from the following data 3
CH3COOH (l) + 2 O2 (g) → 2 CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) ; ∆rH0 = - 867KJmol-1
C(s) + O2(g) → CO2 (g) ; ∆cH0 = -393.5 KJmol-1
H2 (g) + ½ O2 (g) → H2O (l) ; ∆cH0 = -285.9 KJmol-1
OR
(a)The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 10 ,what will be the value of ∆G ?
R = 8.314 JK-1 mol-1 , T = 300 K
(b) State second law of thermodynamics. 2+1

6. (a) Write the balanced equations for the reaction between Na2O2 and water . 1+2
(b) How would you explain the following observations:
(i) LiI is more soluble than KI in ethanol .
(ii) BaO is soluble but BaSO4 is insoluble in water .

7. (a) How would you explain the lower stability of TlCl3 as compared to BCl3 ? 1+1+1
(b) Pb is known not to form an iodide ,PbI4 . Why ?
(c) How would you explain the lower atomic radius of Ga as compared to Al ?

8. (a) Define Buffer solution and give an example for acidic buffer. 1+1+1
(b) Derive the relation KP = KC (RT)∆n
(c) Consider the reaction 2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 SO3 (g) ; ∆H = 189.4 KJ mol -1.
Indicate the direction in which the equilibrium will shift when
(i) Temperature has increased .
(ii) Pressure is decreased .
OR
(a) What are the factors affecting the extent of dissociation of an [Link] the
increasing order of the strength of an acid for the following compounds:
H2O , NH3 , CH4 , HF 1+1+1
(b) What do you mean by the term common ion effect ?
(c) Write the conjugate acids for the following species:
-
NH3 , HCOO

9. (a) In terms of Charles’ law explain why -273 0C is the lowest possible temperature ?
(b) Density of a gas is found to be 5.46 g / dm3 at 27 0C at 2 bar pressure . What will
be its density at STP ?

10. (a) Draw the staggered and eclipsed Newmman’s projections for ethane .Which is 1+2
more stable and why ?
(b) Explain the mechanism of Markovnikov’s addition
OR
 (a) A hydrocarbon X reacts with O 3 followed by Zn and H2O gives acetone and
formaldehyde,identifies X and write the reaction . 1+1+1
(b) Acetylenic hydrogens are acidic in [Link] .
(c) Sodium salt of which acid will be needed for the preparation of propane ? Write
chemical equation for the reaction .

11. (a) Starting with the thermodynamic relationship G = H - T∆S ,derive the following
relationship ∆GSystem = - T∆Stotal
(b) For the reaction 2+1
2Cl (g) → Cl2 (g) ; Predict the sign of ∆S and ∆H .
SECTION C

12 Read the following and the questions that follow:

Aromatic compound, any of a large class of unsaturated chemical compounds

characterized by one or more planar rings of atoms joined by covalent bonds of two
different kinds. The unique stability of these compounds is referred to as aromaticity.
Although the term aromatic originally concerned odour, today its use in chemistry is
restricted to compounds that have particular electronic, structural, or chemical
properties. Aromaticity results from particular bonding arrangements that cause
certain π (pi) electrons within a molecule to be strongly held. Aromaticity is often
reflected in smaller than expected heats of combustion and hydrogenation and is
associated with low reactivity.

Benzene (C6H6) is the best-known aromatic compound and the parent to which
numerous other aromatic compounds are related. The six carbons of benzene are
joined in a ring, having the planar geometry of a regular hexagon in which all of the
C—C bond distances are equal. The six π electrons circulate in a region above and
below the plane of the ring, each electron being shared by all six carbons, which
maximizes the force of attraction between the nuclei (positive) and the electrons
(negative). Equally important is the number of π electrons, which, according to
molecular orbital theory, must be equal to 4n + 2, in which n = 1, 2, 3, etc. For
benzene with six π electrons, n = 1

Chemical bonding in benzene

Benzene is the smallest of the organic aromatic hydrocarbons. It contains sigma

bonds (represented by lines) and regions of high-pi electron density, formed by the
overlapping of p orbitals (represented by the dark yellow shaded area) of adjacent
carbon atoms, which give benzene its characteristic planar structure.

The largest group of aromatic compounds are those in which one or more of the
hydrogens of benzene are replaced by some other atom or group, as in toluene
(C6H5CH3) and benzoic acid (C6H5CO2H). Polycyclic aromatic compounds are
assemblies of benzene rings that share a common side—for example, naphthalene
(C10H8). Heterocyclic aromatic compounds contain at least one atom other than
carbon within the ring. Examples include pyridine (C5H5N), in which one nitrogen (N)
replaces one CH group, and purine (C5H4N4), in which two nitrogens replace two CH
groups. Heterocyclic aromatic compounds, such as furan (C4H4O), thiophene
(C4H4S), and pyrrole (C4H4NH), contain five-membered rings in which oxygen (O),
sulfur (S), and NH, respectively, replace an HC=CH unit.

(a) Why is benzene extraordinarily stable though it contains three double bonds? 1

(b) Out of benzene , m-dinitrochlorobenzene, chlorobenzene and toluene which will 1

undergo nitration easily and why ?

(c) What effect does the branching of an alkanes chain have on its boiling point and 1
give reasons.

(d) How will you convert: 2

(i) Hexane to benzene
(ii) Benzene to Acetophenone

OR

(d)
(i) CH ≡ CH X Y. Identify X and Y.

(ii) A + H2O → CH ≡CH B. Identify A and B.