Poultry and livestock materials, tools and equipment and Poultry and livestock materials, tools and equipment

equipment and
their uses based on industry standards their uses based on industry standards

• Animal Housing – any kind of shelter provided to animals for • Animal Housing – any kind of shelter provided to animals for
physiological security and protection. physiological msecurity and protection.
• Feeding Through – it is a place or receptacle where animals • Feeding Through – it is a place or receptacle where animals
are fed to avoid food wastage. are fed to avoid food wastage.
• Livestock – farm animals like hogs, cattle, goats and rabbits • Livestock – farm animals like hogs, cattle, goats and rabbits
that reproduce under man’s care. that reproduce under man’s care.
• Poultry – a term used for all feathered animals that provides • Poultry – a term used for all feathered animals that provides
other way of income generating project for families. other way of income generating project for families.
• Waterer – is a receptacle where water is placed for easy • Waterer – is a receptacle where water is placed for easy
drinking access to farm animals. drinking access to farm animals.

SUB-TOPIC 1: Poultry Housing and Materials SUB-TOPIC 1: Poultry Housing and Materials
1. Poultry Housing – is a shelter provided to feathered 1. Poultry Housing – is a shelter provided to feathered
animals to protect them from the harsh animals to protect them from the harsh
environmental climatic conditions that can affect environmental climatic conditions that can affect
chicken's growth, performance and productivity. chicken's growth, performance and productivity.
Types of Poultry Houses: Types of Poultry Houses:
⮚ The free-range or extensive poultry house system- is the ⮚ The free-range or extensive poultry house system- is the
oldest type of poultry housing where a small number of oldest type of poultry housing where a small number of
birds/chickens are reared. (10-12 birds per family of farmers). birds/chickens are reared. (10-12 birds per family of farmers).
⮚Semi-intensive poultry housing – it is common type of ⮚Semi-intensive poultry housing – it is common type of
housing among small-scale poultry farmers. housing among small-scale poultry farmers.
⮚ Folding units housing – this type of housing system, poultry ⮚ Folding units housing – this type of housing system, poultry
rearing is the same as that of a semi-intensive system. rearing is the same as that of a semi-intensive system.
⮚ Intensive system housing -it is the most efficient, ⮚ Intensive system housing -it is the most efficient,
convenient, and economical system for modern poultry convenient, and economical system for modern poultry
production with huge numbers. production with huge numbers.

Types of Intensive poultry housing: Types of Intensive poultry housing:

• Deep litter system – it is widely used by successful poultry • Deep litter system – it is widely used by successful poultry
raisers. Known for other terms as chicken coop. raisers. Known for other terms as chicken coop.
• Slatted or Wire floor poultry system - poultry house can be • Slatted or Wire floor poultry system - poultry house can be
constructed on treated wooden piers 0.8 to 1m above the constructed on treated wooden piers 0.8 to 1m above the
ground. ground.
• Slat Floor Cum Litter System – combines both the features • Slat Floor Cum Litter System – combines both the features
and advantages of the slat system with that of the deep litter and advantages of the slat system with that of the deep litter
system. system.
Multi-tier Housing System or Aviaries – it is considered the Multi-tier Housing System or Aviaries – it is considered the
best non-cage alternative to cage systems for large-scale egg best non-cage alternative to cage systems for large-scale egg
production. production.
Cage or Battery housing system – it is the latest system of Cage or Battery housing system – it is the latest system of
poultry rearing. poultry rearing.

2. Perches – are horizontal and vertical poles installed 2. Perches – are horizontal and vertical poles installed
as a resting place for poultry animals. as a resting place for poultry animals.
3. Feeding Trough – is a long narrow container made of 3. Feeding Trough – is a long narrow container made of
plastic or metal used to hold food for farm animals. plastic or metal used to hold food for farm animals.
4. Waterer/drinking trough - is a man-made or natural 4. Waterer/drinking trough - is a man-made or natural
receptacle intended to provide drinking water for receptacle intended to provide drinking water for
poultry animals. poultry animals.
5. Dropping board - the area found below the roost bar 5. Dropping board - the area found below the roost bar
in a chicken coop. in a chicken coop.
6. Chick Brooder – equipment used to provide warmth 6. Chick Brooder – equipment used to provide warmth
and light to rear the baby chicks during the first few and light to rear the baby chicks during the first few
weeks of life. weeks of life.
7. Poultry transport crates/cages - suitable for 7. Poultry transport crates/cages - suitable for
transporting a range of poultry and is ideal for use in transporting a range of poultry and is ideal for use in
both commercial and small-scale operations. both commercial and small-scale operations.
8. Nests - usually more or less circular structure of 8. Nests - usually more or less circular structure of
twigs, grass, mud, etc., formed by a bird, often high in twigs, grass, mud, etc., formed by a bird, often high in
a tree, as a protected place in which to lay and a tree, as a protected place in which to lay and
incubate its eggs and rear its young. incubate its eggs and rear its young.

SUB-TOPIC 2: Livestock Materials and Equipment

 1. Cattle Housing – living space or house for cattle. It 1. Cattle Housing – living space or house for cattle. It
must provide a comfortable, clean, well-drained must provide a comfortable, clean, well-drained
and dry lying area together with shelter. and dry lying area together with shelter.
2. Feeding trough for the cattle - a long narrow 2. Feeding trough for the cattle - a long narrow
shallow receptacle (usually in a barn or stable) shallow receptacle (usually in a barn or stable)
from which cattle or horses feed. from which cattle or horses feed.
3. Drinking trough – a well-built trough where fresh 3. Drinking trough – a well-built trough where fresh
and clean supply of water for cattle animals is and clean supply of water for cattle animals is
placed for easy drinking. placed for easy drinking.
4. Shades or sheds - is a place for the cows to relax 4. Shades or sheds - is a place for the cows to relax
and sleep during the night. and sleep during the night.
5. Portable loading chute – ls a loading chute is an 5. Portable loading chute – ls a loading chute is an
optional trailer that is used to transport animals. optional trailer that is used to transport animals.

Materials and equipment for hog/swine raising Materials and equipment for hog/swine raising
Swine housing - designed to protect pigs and give them the Swine housing - designed to protect pigs and give them the
most ideal environment for growth and production. most ideal environment for growth and production.
Pig Feeding trough - disc-shaped feeder trough can be Pig Feeding trough - disc-shaped feeder trough can be
positioned in the center of the pig barns, so that pigs can positioned in the center of the pig barns, so that pigs can
take feed from all directions. take feed from all directions.
Swine waterer - modern piped water systems within Swine waterer - modern piped water systems within
buildings on pig farms provide pigs with continuous access buildings on pig farms provide pigs with continuous access
to drinking water. to drinking water.
Hog wallow – adds comfort to the hogs during hot Hog wallow – adds comfort to the hogs during hot
weather. If properly used this may improve growth rate of weather. If properly used this may improve growth rate of
growing swine. growing swine.

• Feeding Management of Poultry and Livestock • Feeding Management of Poultry and Livestock
• Housing Requirements for Poultry and Livestock • Housing Requirements for Poultry and Livestock

• Feed is any materials which are processed, semi- • Feed is any materials which are processed, semi-
processed or raw, intended to be fed directly to farm processed or raw, intended to be fed directly to farm
animals in order to meet nutrient requirements. animals in order to meet nutrient requirements.
• Feed additive refers to an ingredient/s added to the basic • Feed additive refers to an ingredient/s added to the basic
mixed feed. mixed feed.
• Feed ingredient is a component part of mixture making • Feed ingredient is a component part of mixture making
up a feed, has or has no nutritional value in the animal’s up a feed, has or has no nutritional value in the animal’s
diet. E.g. plant, animal or aquatic ingredient, or organic or diet. E.g. plant, animal or aquatic ingredient, or organic or
inorganic substances. inorganic substances.
• Feed supplement is a feed ingredients or mixture of feed • Feed supplement is a feed ingredients or mixture of feed
ingredients to supply deficiencies in a ration or improve ingredients to supply deficiencies in a ration or improve
the nutritive balance or performance of the total mixture. the nutritive balance or performance of the total mixture.
• Broods refer to the young animals of birds, produced at • Broods refer to the young animals of birds, produced at
one hatching such as duck, chicken, and quail. one hatching such as duck, chicken, and quail.
- Gestation is the process where in farm animals are - Gestation is the process where in farm animals are
conceived and developed in the womb. conceived and developed in the womb.
- Parturition is action of giving birth to offspring. - Parturition is action of giving birth to offspring.
- Layering refers to chicken intended for laying eggs. - Layering refers to chicken intended for laying eggs.

Type of Housing Type of Housing

-Shed type - The animals can move freely in and out of the -Shed type - The animals can move freely in and out of the
housing area and paddock. housing area and paddock.
- Pen-barn type: Stall barns - Each animal is confined in a - Pen-barn type: Stall barns - Each animal is confined in a
stall. Each stall is provided with individual feeding and stall. Each stall is provided with individual feeding and
watering trough. watering trough.
-Confined Housing - Group pens with the same sizes are -Confined Housing - Group pens with the same sizes are
constructed with ample area for animals to exercise. constructed with ample area for animals to exercise.

SUB-TOPIC 2: Livestock Materials and Equipment