Chapter

5 Vectors

Shortcuts

1. If a , b are two vectors, then i. cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1

ii. sin2  + sin2  + sin2  = 2
 a  b a.a a.b
2
= or iii. cos2 + cos2 + cos2 + 1 = 0
a.b b.b
2 2 2 2 c 6. If l, m and n are the direction cosines of a line,
ab  ab = a b where 0 <  < 1
2 then the maximum value of lmn = .

ns
3 3
2. If a is any vector, then
7. Parallel lines have proportional direction ratios
 a  ˆi  +  a  ˆj +  a  kˆ 
2 2 2 2
= 2a and same direction cosines.

io
2 2 2 2 8. The direction cosines of a line which is equally
3. a b + a b = 2a + 2b inclined to the co-ordinate axes are
 1 1 1 
4. The direction cosines of X, Y and Z axes are  , ,

at

respectively (1, 0 , 0), (0, 1, 0) and (0, 0, 1).  3 3 3

5. If l, m, n are the direction cosines of a line, then

l2 + m2 + n2 = 1
lic
Classical Thinking
ub
5.1 Types of Vectors and Algebra of Vectors, 7. (B) FA = DC A B
Collinearity and Coplanarity of Vectors
= DA  AC
1. (A) 2. (B) = AC  AD F C
P

3. (B)  5  a  5 a = 5  8 = 40 =  AB  BC   2BC
E D
= AB  BC = a  b
4. (D) k a = 1  k a = 1
et

8. (A) Suppose b is added to the vector a , then

 k = 1
a a + b = î
 b = î – a = î – (3 î + 4 ĵ – 2 k̂ )
rg

k= 1
a = – 2 î – 4 ĵ + 2 k̂

5. (B) AB + BC + CA = 0 9.   
(B) a + b = 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ + ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ 
Ta

a+b–c=0
= 3iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ
6. (B)
B
  a + b  = 32  32  42 = 9  9  16 = 34
C
10. (C) x (iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ is a unit vector.
a
 x(iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ =1
b
 x 3= 1
1
O A  x =
3
By Parallelogram Law, 1
x= 
OA + b = a  OA = a  b 3

1
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

11. (D) a  b = 4iˆ  4ˆj On comparing,  11 =  44k
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ 1
 Unit vector = 4(i  j)  i  j k=
4
32 2
1
and  20 = (a  40)
12. (A) Given, PQ = 7 4
 (5  1)2  (4  2)2  (a  2)2 = 7  a =  40
Squaring both sides, we get 18. (B) Let A = 20iˆ + pjˆ , B = 5iˆ  ˆj ,
36 + 4 + (a + 2)2 = 49
 (a + 2)2 = 9 C = 10iˆ  13jˆ be collinear.
 a + 2 = 3 Then, AB = –15 î – (p + 1) ĵ
 a = –5, 1
AC = –10 î – (13 + p) ĵ

ns
13. (C) Let a = 6 î + 4 ĵ + 5 k̂ Since points A, B, C are collinear.
b = 4 î + 5 ĵ + 6 k̂  AB =  AC for some scalar 
c = 5 î + 6 ĵ + 4 k̂  –15 î – (p + 1) ĵ =   10iˆ  (13  p)ˆj

io
Now, AB = – 2 î + ĵ + k̂ On comparing, 15 = 10
3
BC = î + ĵ – 2 k̂    =
2

at
CA = î – 2 ĵ + k̂ and  (p + 1) =  (13 + p) 
 | AB | = 6 , | BC | = 6 and | CA | = 6 (13 +p)3
=
2
Since each side is of length 6,
  2p + 2 = 39 + 3p
 ABC is an equilateral triangle.
lic   p = 37
14. (B) Let position vector of D be xˆi  yˆj  zk,
ˆ then
19. (C) Given vectors are parallel if
Since AB  DC (p, q) =  (5, 1) i.e., if p = 5 , q = 
ub
 2ˆj  4kˆ  (7  x)iˆ  (7  y )ˆj  (7  z)kˆ p=5q
Comparing the coefficients, we get 20. (D) Let a = 3 î  2 ĵ + 5 k̂ and
x  7, y  9, z  11.
b =  2 î + p ĵ  q k̂
Hence, position vector of D will be
P

7iˆ  9ˆj  11kˆ . Two vector are collinear if

a1 a 2 a 3
 
15. (C) Since AB  BD  AD D b1 b 2 b3
C
et

 BD  AD  AB 3 2 5
  
= (iˆ  2ˆj  3k)
ˆ  (2iˆ  4ˆj  5k)
ˆ 2 p q
= ˆi  2ˆj  8kˆ 4 10
A B  p ,q
rg

3 3
Hence, unit vector in the direction of BD is
ˆi  2ˆj  8kˆ ˆi  2ˆj  8kˆ 21. (C) x = 0, y = 0, otherwise one vector will be a
 scalar multiple of the other and hence collinear
| ˆi  2ˆj  8kˆ | 69
Ta

which is a contradiction.
16. (C) c =  d 22. (A) 23. (C)
 (x  2) a + b = (2x + 1) a   b
On comparing, we get 24. (B) Here a  ˆi + ˆj , b  2iˆ  ˆj and r  2iˆ – 4jˆ
 = –1 and Let r  t1 a + t 2 b
(x –2) = (2x +1)  2iˆ  4jˆ = t1 (iˆ + ˆj) + t 2 (2iˆ  ˆj)
 x – 2 = – 2x – 1
1 = (t1  2t 2 )iˆ + (t1  t 2 )ˆj
x=
3 Comparing the coefficients, we get
t1 + 2t2 = 2 .…(i)
17. (A) If the given points be A, B, C, then
t1  t2 = 4 ….(ii)
AB = k( BC ) On solving (i) and (ii), we get
  20 î  11 ĵ = k[(a  40) î  44 ĵ ] t1 = 2, t2 = 2

2
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
25. (C) Given, 3A  2B 7. (D) If A(a),B(b),C(c) are the vertices and G(g)
 3(x + 4y) = 2(y – 2x + 2) is the centroid of ABC, then
 7x + 10y = 4 ….(i) a bc
and 3(2x + y + 1) = 2(2x – 3y – 1) g =
3
 2x + 9y = – 5 ….(ii)
On solving (i) and (ii), we get  3iˆ  2ˆj  nkˆ 
 2iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ    miˆ  ˆj  kˆ   3iˆ  2ˆj  2kˆ 
x = 2, y = –1 3
3(3 î + 2 ĵ + n k̂ ) = (5 + m) î + 6 ĵ + (–3) k̂
26. (B) 1( a ) + 1( b ) = a + b
On comparing, we get
 1( a ) + 1( b )  1 (a + b) = 0
9 = 5 + m  m = 4, and
 The vectors are coplanar. 3n = 3  n = 1
5.2 Section Formula  x1 + x2 + x3 y1 + y2 + y3 z1 + z 2 + z3 

ns
8. (B) G   , , 
1. (D) A  (1, 1, 2), B  (2, 3, 1)  3 3 3 
Point P divides AB internally in the ratio 2 : 3.  2a  1 4  b 1 
 (2, 1, c)   , , 
2b  3a  3 3 3
 p=

io
23 2a  1 4b 1
2= ,1= ,c=
=
  
2 2i  3j  kˆ  3 i  j  2kˆ  5
3 3
1
3

5  a = , b = 1, c =

at
2 3
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
= (7i  3j  4k)
5 9. (A) GA + GB + GC = a  g  b  g  c  g      
2. (B) Let P(p) divide the line internally in the
ratio 2 : 3
lic = a  b  c  3g
a +b+c
= a  b  c  3   = 0
2(3a  2b)  3(2a  3b) 12a  13b 3
 p= =  
2+3 5
5.3 Scalar product of two vectors
ub
3. (C) Let position vector of B be r
Since a divides AB in the ratio 2 : 3, 1. (D) Let r = xˆi  yˆj  zkˆ , then
2r  3(a  2b) r  ˆi = x, r  ˆj = y and r  kˆ = z
= a
2 3
P

 r  ˆi     
2 2 2 2
 + r  ˆj + r  kˆ = x2 + y2 + z2 = r
 2r = 5a – 3a – 6b = 2a – 6b
 r = a – 3b 2. (A) Let a = x î + y ĵ + z k̂
et

4. (B) If M(m) is the mid-point of AB, then Then, ( a  î ) î + ( a  ĵ ) ĵ + ( a  k̂ ) k̂ = a

ab 3. (B) a = î satisfies the given condition.

m =
rg

2
4. (B) We have, a  b  c = 0
ˆi  3jˆ  kˆ  3iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ
=
2

 a bc  b = 0b 
= 2 î + ĵ – 2 k̂  a  b  b b  cb = 0
Ta

5. (A) R (r) divides PQ externally in the ratio 2 : 1  a  b  b  cb = 0

2(ˆi  ˆj  k)
ˆ  1(iˆ  2ˆj  k) ˆ  a  b  b  c =  25
 r=
2 1 5. (D) Consider option (D)
= 2 ˆi  2ˆj  2kˆ  ˆi  2ˆj  kˆ
 r = 3iˆ  kˆ
 1 ˆ 3 ˆ 1 ˆ  ˆ ˆ ˆ = 2 12 5 = 0
 i  j  k   2i  4 j  5k
8 8 4 
 
8 8 4

 Option (D) is correct answer.
6. (A) Let R (r) divide AB externally in the ratio 5:2
5(iˆ  ˆj  2k)
ˆ  2(2iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ ˆi  7ˆj  12kˆ 6. (C) Given, a + b = 4 î + ĵ – k̂ and
 r= =
52 3 a – b = –2 î + 3 ĵ – 5 k̂
 1 7   ( a + b )( a – b ) = 0
 Co-ordinates of R are  , ,4 
3 3  Hence, ( a + b )  ( a – b ) i.e.,  = 90
3
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

7. (C) a  b = 0 3. (B) 14(a  b)  15(b  a) = 14(b  a) + 15(b  a)
 
 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  ˆi  4ˆj  λkˆ = 0 =ba
 2  1 + 1  ( 4) + ( 1) ( ) = 0 4. (B) Given, a  3iˆ  5ˆj , b  6iˆ  3jˆ and c  a  b
=2  a  3iˆ  5ˆj , b  6iˆ  3jˆ and c  39kˆ
8. (B) If the given vectors are a , b and c , then  a  34, b  45 and c  39
c  a  b and also a  b = 0.
 a:b:c 34 : 45 : 39
 The given vectors form a right angled
triangle. 5. (D) Unit vector perpendicular to the plane of
9. (B) a  b = a b ab
a and b = 
ab
 a cos  = a

ns
b b
ˆi ˆj kˆ
 cos  = 1
=0  a  b = 1 1 1 =  2 î  2 ĵ
1 1 1
 a and b are like parallel vectors.

io
 ab = 2 2
10. (C) a  b =  a b

 a b cos  =  a b  
 ˆi  ˆj

at
 Required vector =
2
 cos  = 1
=
i.e.,
  and ˆi  ˆj
 ˆi  ˆj
 a , b are unlike parallel vectors
lic 2 2

11. (D) a  b = ab cosθ  a b 6. (C) Let n̂ be the required unit vector.

ˆi ˆj kˆ
…[cos   1]
Now, a  b = 2 6 3 = 5 3iˆ  2ˆj  6kˆ  
ub
ab
12. (A) cos  = 4 3 1
a b
12  6  2 4
 a  b = 5 9  4  36 = 35
= =
4  4  1 36  9  4 21
   
P

5 ˆ ˆ 1 ˆ ˆ
 n̂ = 3i  2 j  6kˆ = 3i  2 j  6kˆ
35 7
13. (B) 2 a  b = a b
7. (A) Given,
 2 a b cos = a b
et

a  b = 3jˆ  kˆ and b  c = 3kˆ

1
 cos =
2
  a  b    b  c  =  3jˆ  kˆ   3kˆ = 9 î
  = 60
rg

So, required unit vector = î

ab 8. (A) a  b  0  a  b , a  0 , b  0
14. (B) Projection of a on b =
b
9. (A) a  b = a b
Ta

487
=  a b sin  = a b
16  16  49
19 19  sin  = 1
= =
81 9 π
=
5.4 Vector Product of Two Vectors 2
 a b
1. (B)
ˆi ˆj kˆ 10. (C) Here, a =  b  c
bc
2. (C) a  b = 2 2 1
6 3 2  bc =  b c a

= î – 10 ĵ – 18 k̂ =  (sin ) a ....[ b  c = sin ]

4
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
11. (A) Angle between the given vectors a and b 5. (D) ( î + ĵ )  [( ĵ + k̂ ) × ( k̂ + î )]
ab a b sin  1 1 0
is  Since = = tan 
ab a b cos  = 0 1 1
1 0 1

12. (C) | a  b |   a  b  = 1 (1) – 1 ( – 1) = 2

 a b sin   a b cos  6. (D)

 tan  = 1 7. (D) Since a b c  =  b c a  = c a b  =   b a c 

 
4
8. (D) [iˆ kˆ ˆj]  [kˆ ˆj ˆi]  [ ˆj kˆ ˆi] = [iˆ kˆ ˆj]  [iˆ kˆ ˆj]  [iˆ kˆ ˆj]
(C)  a  b    a  b  = a b
2 2 2 2

ns
13. = [iˆ kˆ ˆj]
…[Using Shortcut 1] =–1
 144  16 | b | 2

a bc bac a bc bac

 |b| 3 9. (A)  = 

io
ca b ca b cab ca b
14. (C) [a b c] [b a c]
= +
ˆi ˆj kˆ [c a b] [c a b]

at
15. (C) a  b = 1 0 1 =
[a b c]
–
[a b c]
=0
0 2 3 lic [c a b] [c a b]

= 2 î  3 ĵ + 2 k̂ 10. (A)
 Area of parallelogram = a  b
11. (A) Vector  lies in the plane of  and 
= 494   ,  ,  are coplanar.
ub
= 17
 [   ] = 0
16. (C) Let a = 3iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ and b = ˆi  3jˆ  4kˆ
12. (C) Let a  4iˆ  11jˆ  mkˆ , b  7iˆ  2ˆj  6kˆ and
Then,
c  ˆi  5jˆ  4kˆ .
P

ˆi ˆj kˆ
a  b = 3 1 2 = 2iˆ  10ˆj  8kˆ Since a , b and c are coplanar,
1 3 4 [a b c] = 0
et

 ab = 4 11 m
4  100  64 = 168 = 2 42
 7 2 6 =0
1
 Required area = ab = 42 sq. units 1 5 4
rg

2
 4 (8 – 30) – 11 (28 – 6) + m (35 – 2) = 0
5.5 Scalar Triple Product and Vector Triple  – 330 + 33m = 0
Product
 m = 10
Ta

2 1 1
(D) Since a = î + ĵ + k̂ , b = î  ĵ + 2kˆ and
1. (C) a  b c 
= 1 2 1
13.
1 1 2 c = x î + (x – 2) ĵ – k̂ are coplanar vectors,
= 2(4 + 1) – 1(2 – 1) – 1(– 1 – 2) a b c  = 0
 
= 12
1 1 1
2. (B) [ î k̂ ĵ ] = î  ( k̂  ĵ ) = î .(– î ) = – 1  1 1 2 =0
x x  2 1
3. (A)
1 [1 – 2(x – 2)] –1 (–1 – 2x) + 1(x – 2 + x) = 0
4. (D) 2iˆ  3jˆ  ( 5k)
ˆ  =  30 [ î ( ĵ  k̂ )]
  1 – 2x + 4 + 1 + 2x + 2x – 2 = 0
=  30( î  î ) =  30(1)  2x = 4
= 30  x = 2

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 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

14. (D) Let a  3i  2ˆj  kˆ , b  2i  3j  4k , 12 0 
c =  i  j  2k and d = 4i  5j  λk 22. (C) Volume of parallelopiped = 0 3 1
2 1 15
Since the given points are coplanar,
 AB AC AD  = 0  546 = –12(– 45 + 1) + (0  6)
 
1 5 3
  = 3
 4 3 3 =0 23. (B) Let A, B, C and D be the given points.
1 7 λ +1
 AB   4iˆ  6ˆj , AC   ˆi  4ˆj  3kˆ , and
 –1(3 + 3 – 21) – 5(–4 – 4 – 3)
AD   6iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ
–3(–28 – 3) = 0
 –3 + 18 + 20 + 35 + 93 = 0 4 6 0
1

ns
 17  = –146 Volume of tetrahedron = 1 4 3
6
146 6 1 3
=
17 30
=

io
6
15. (C) a ( a  b ) = ( a  a )  b = 0
= 5 cu. units

16. (B) [ a b a  b ] = a   b  (a  b)  24. (B) Let A  (1, 2, 0), B  (2, 0, 4), C  (1, 2, 0)

at
= (a  b )  (a  b ) and D  (1, 1, ) be the vertices of the
tetrahedron
= | a  b |2
 AB = ˆi  2ˆj+ 4kˆ
17. (A) [ a c b ] = a  ( c  b )
lic AC   2iˆ
= c ( b  a )
AD = 2iˆ  ˆj + kˆ
= 0 ….[ a and b are parallel]
ub
1
Volume of tetrahedron =  AB AC AD 
18. (C) a  ( b  c ) = 0 or ( a  b )  c = 0 6 
1 2 4
19. (C)  a  2b a  c b  2 
  2 0 0
P

3 6
= a a  c b  +  2b a  c b  2 1 

= a a b  + a c b  +  2b a b  +  2b c b   2(2) + 4(2) = 4

=1
et

= 0  a b c  + 2 (0) + 2 (0)

=  a b c  25. (A) Given, a  b  c  0
 a  a  b  a  c  0
rg

20. (C) Let a  2iˆ  3j,

ˆ b  ˆi  ˆj  kˆ and c  3iˆ  kˆ
 a  ba  a  a  b  a  c  0
Volume of parallelopiped = a b c
 3a  2b  a  c  0  2b  3a  a  c
Ta

2 3 0
 2b  3ˆj  3kˆ  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ   2iˆ  2ˆj  4kˆ
= 1 1 1
3 0 1  b   ˆi  ˆj  2kˆ
= 2(1) + 3(1 + 3)
26. (C) r ´ b = c ´ b
= 4 cu.units
 a ´(r ´b) = a ´(c´b)
2 3 1
21. (A) Volume of parallelopiped = 1 1 2  (a ⋅ b) r -(a ⋅ r) b = (a ⋅ b)c -(a ⋅ c) b
2 1 1
 (a ⋅ b) r - 0 = (a ⋅ b)c -(a ⋅ c) b
= 2(1 – 2) + 3(1 4) + 1(1 + 2) = 14
But, volume cannot be negative. æ c ⋅ a ÷ö
 r = c - ççç ÷÷ b
 Volume of parallelopiped = 14 cu. units èç b ⋅ a ÷ø

6
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
5.6 Direction angles, Direction ratios and 12. (C) A  (1, 2, 6) and B  (4, 5, 0)
Direction cosines  D.r.s of AB are 4  1, 5  2, 0  6
1. (A) The d.c.s of X-axis are 1, 0, 0. i.e., 5, 3, 6

2. (A) The d.c.s of Y-axis are 13. (B) d.r.s. of AB and BC are (2, 2, 2) and
cos90, cos0, cos90 (1, 1, 1) respectively.
i.e. 0, 1, 0
2 2 2
  
3. (B) 1 1 1
 the given points are collinear.
4. (A) l2 + m2 + n2 = 1
2 2

   +   + n2 = 1
1 1
14. (C) Since (–l)2 + (–m)2 + (–n)2 = 1, we can say

ns
2 3 that –l, –m, –n are the direction cosines of
23 23 the line.
 n2 =  n =
36 6 l  m  n
Also that    1
l m n

io
5. (B) l2 + m2 + n2 = 1
Hence, we can say that –l, –m, –n are the
1 1 1
 + 2 + 2 =1 d.r.s. of the line.
c2 c c

at
 c2 = 3  c =  3 15. (A) The d.c.s. are
6. (B) For option (B), 1 3 2
, ,
cos2  + cos2  + cos2   1 1 9  4 1 9  4 1 9  4
 option (B) is correct answer.
lic 1 3 2
i.e., , , .
14 14 14
7. (A) Let the direction cosines of the line be l, m, n
 l = cos 45º, m = cos 60º, n = cos 60º
ub
16. (A) d.r.s. of line are 2  4, 1  3, 8 + 5
1 1 1
 l= , m = and n = i.e., 6, 2, 3 i.e., 6, 2, 3
2 2 2
1 1 1 6 2 3
 d.c.s are , , .  The d.c.s. are , ,
P

2 2 2 7 7 7

8. (D) Since cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 17. (D) The d.r.s of AB are 2 –14, –3 –5, 1 + 3
 cos2 45 + cos2 60 + cos2  = 1 i.e. – 12, – 8, 4 i.e., 3, 2, – 1
et

21 1 1
 cos  = 1    3 2 1
2 4 4  The d.c.s are , ,
14 14 14
1
 cos  = 
rg

2
18. (A) Let, a1, b1, c1 = 5,  12, 13
  = 60 or 120
and a2, b2, c2 = 3, 4, 5
9. (C)
Ta

a1 a 2  b1 b 2  c1 c2
 cos =
10. (D) Let r = 2iˆ  2ˆj  kˆ a  b12  c12  a 22  b 22  c 22
2
1

|r|= 22  22  (1)2  3
5  3   12  4  13(5)
x y z =
 The d.c.s are , , 5  (12)2  132  (3) 2  42  52
2

|r| |r| |r|

2 2 1 15  48  65
i.e., , , =
3 3 3 13 2  5 2

a b c 1
11. (B) D.c.s are , , =
|r| |r| |r| 65
2 3 6  1 
i.e., , ,   = cos–1  
7 7 7  65 

7
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

Critical Thinking

5.1 Types of Vectors and Algebra of Vectors, 6. (D) P will be the mid point of AC and BD.
Collinearity and Coplanarity of Vectors O
1. (D) A
D
C

PP
P A
B
B C

ns
In APC, PA + AC + CP = 0 …(i)  OA + OC = 2 OP …..(i)
…[Using triangle law of addition] and OB + OD = 2 OP …..(ii)
In ABC, AB + BC = AC …(ii) Adding (i) and (ii), we get
From (i) and (ii), we get

io
OA + OB + OC + OD = 4 OP
PA + CP + AB + BC = 0
7. (C) Let A be the origin.
 PA + CP = BA + CB
 AB = b , AC = c , AD = d

at
2. (A) 2 OA + 3 OB = 2( OC + CA ) + 3( OC + CB )
b+c c+d
= 5 OC + 2 CA + 3 CB AM = and AN =
2 2
= 5 OC ....  2CA   3CB 
lic ….. [ M and N are mid points of BC and CD]
d
3. (D) By using triangle law of addition of vectors A D
in triangles PAC and PBC, we have
PA + AC = PC and PB + BC = PC
ub
b c
P
B C
P

b+c c+d
AM + AN = +
2 2
2c + b + d
=
et

A C B 2
2c + c
= ….[ b + d = c ]
 PA + AC + PB + BC = PC + PC 2
 PA + PB +  AC  BC  = 2PC
rg

3c 3
= = AC
2 2
 PA + PB +  AC  AC  = 2PC
8. (C) AE = AB + BC + CD + DE A B
Ta

 PA + PB = 2PC
= AB + BC + CD  ED
4. (B) Given A, B, C, D, E are five co-planar points. F C
= a + b + c  AB
Now, DA + DB + DC + AE + BE + CE
= a+ b+ c a
= ( DA + AE ) + ( DB + BE ) + ( DC + CE ) E D
= b+ c
= DE + DE + DE = 3 DE
9. (B) AB  BC  AC
5. (C) AC  BD =  AB  BC    BC  CD 
 AC  a  b
= AB  CD
Now, AC  CD  AD
= AB  DC
  a  b   CD  2 b ....[ AD = 2 BC ]
= AB  AB
= 2 AB  CD = b  a

8
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
10. (B) By triangle law, ˆ ˆ ˆ
= 3i  2 j  6k
AB = AD  BD , AC = AD  CD 3iˆ  2ˆj  6kˆ
E D ˆ ˆ ˆ
= 3i  2 j  6k
32  2 2  6 2
F C =
7

1 ˆ ˆ
3i  2 j  6kˆ 
A B 15. (B) a = 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ , b  ˆi  ˆj , c = 5iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
Vector in the direction of
 AB + AC + AD + AE + AF a + b  c = 2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ

= AD  BD + AD  CD + AD + AE + AF    a  b  c  = 2iˆ  ˆj  2 kˆ

ns
= 3 AD + ( AE  BD ) + ( AE  CD ) 2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ
 Unit vector =
= 3 AD …[ AE = BD , AF = CD ] 3
Hence,  = 3
( )

io
6 2iˆ - 2ˆj + kˆ
11. (C) 16. (D) x =
A(a) 4 + 4 +1
(
6 2iˆ - 2ˆj + kˆ ) = 4iˆ - 4ˆj + 2kˆ

at
=
F E 3
lic y =
(
3 i + ˆj - kˆ
ˆ )= (
3 ˆi + ˆj - kˆ ) = ˆi + ˆj - kˆ
B(b) C(c) 1 +1+1 3
D
x + 2 y = 6iˆ - 2ˆj = 40 = 2 10

bc b  c  2a
AD = OD  OA =  a = , 17. (B) r = 3p  4q … (i)
ub
2 2
Similarly, 2r = p  3q
 6r = 3p  9q
BE = OE  OB = c  a  b = c  a  2b
…(ii)
2 2 From (i) and (ii), we get
P

a  b  2c r  4q = 6r  9q
and CF = .
2  5r = 13q
Now, AD + BE + CF 13
et

 r= q
b  c  2a c  a  2b a  b  2c 5
   =0
2 2 2  r > 2 q and r , q have opposite directions
(A) Let the position vector of P be xˆi  yˆj  zk,
ˆ
rg

12.
18. (C) Let OA = 2iˆ  3jˆ  k,
ˆ OP = 3(iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ
Given, AB = CP
OA  OB A
 ˆj  ˆi  xˆi  yˆj  (z  1)kˆ we have, OP =
2
Ta

By comparing the coefficients of î , ĵ and  OB = 2 OP  OA P

k̂ , we get x = –1, y = 1 and z – 1 = 0 = 6iˆ  6ˆj  6kˆ  2iˆ  3jˆ  kˆ

z=1
= 4iˆ  3jˆ  7kˆ O B
Hence, required position vector is – î + ĵ + k̂
19. (A) Let a = î + ĵ + k̂ , b = 5iˆ  3jˆ  3kˆ and
13. (D)
c  2iˆ  5jˆ  9kˆ
14. (A) Sum of the given vectors
 AB = b  a = 4iˆ  2ˆj  4kˆ
    
= ˆi  ˆj  kˆ  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  2ˆj  6kˆ   AB = 16  4  16 = 6
= 3iˆ  2ˆj  6kˆ
BC = 3iˆ  2ˆj  12kˆ
 The unit vector in the direction of the sum
of the given vectors  BC = 9  4  144 = 157

9
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

and CA = ˆi  4ˆj  8kˆ  2a  λb  4c   a  2b  3c 
 CA = 1  16  64 = 9 = k  7b  10c   a  2b  3c 
 
 Perimeter = AB  BC  CA = 15 + 157  a + ( + 2) b  7c = ka  5kb  7kc
20. (B) Let P, Q and R be points having position  k =  1,  =  5k  2
Hence,  = 5  2 = 3
vectors  î +  ĵ +  k̂ ,  î +  ĵ +  k̂ and
 î +  ĵ +  k̂ 26. (D) a = 8b and c = 7 b
8
Then, PQ = QR = RP  a = c
7
= (  ) 2  (   ) 2  (   ) 2  a and c are unlike parallel vectors.
 Angle between a and c is .

ns
Hence, PQR is an equilateral triangle.
27. (A) Given c = 2a  3b …(i)
21. (B) AB = (2 î + 3 ĵ – 6 k̂ ) – (6 î – 2 ĵ + 3 k̂ )
and 2c  3a  4b …(ii)
= – 4 î + 5 ĵ – 9 k̂ Multiplying (i) by 4 and (ii) by 3 and

io
 AB = 16  25  81 = 122 adding,
we get
BC = î + 3 ĵ + 4 k̂ 10 c = 17a

at
 BC = 1  9  16 = 26 and  c
17
a
10
AC = –3 î + 8 ĵ –5 k̂
Since c and a are in the same direction.
 AC = 98
lic  c and a are like parallel vectors.
 AB2 = 122, BC2 = 26 and AC2 = 98
28. (B) AB  ˆi  ˆj  2kˆ and CD  6iˆ  6jˆ  12kˆ
 AB2 + BC2 = 26 + 122 = 148
Since AC2 < AB2 + BC2  CD  6AB
ub
Therefore, ABC is an obtuse-angled Hence, AB || CD.
triangle.
29. (C) Let a  ˆi  2kˆ , b  ˆj  kˆ and c   ˆi   ˆj
22. (C) Let A  (1, 1, 1), B  (2, 3, 0), C  (3, 5, 2),
 AB = m. BC
P

D = (0, 1, 1)
So, AB = (1, 2, 1), BC = (1, 2, 2),  – î + ĵ – k̂ = m[( î + ( – 1) ĵ – k̂ )]
On comparing, we get
CD = (3, 6, 3), DA = (1, 2, 2)
– 1 = – m  m = 1,
et

Clearly, BC || DA , but AB  CD So, it is a – 1 =  m   = – 1,

trapezium. and 1 = m( – 1)   = 2
23. (D) 8iˆ  ajˆ is in the direction of 4iˆ  3jˆ .
rg

30. (A) Let a =  ˆi + 3jˆ + 2kˆ , b =  4iˆ + 2jˆ  2kˆ and

 8iˆ  ajˆ is a scalar multiple of 4iˆ  3jˆ c = 5iˆ + ˆj  kˆ
i.e., 8iˆ  ajˆ = k(4iˆ  3j)
ˆ  8iˆ  ajˆ = 4kiˆ  3kjˆ
 AB = m. BC
Ta

 4k = 8  k = 2
 –3 î – ĵ – 4 k̂ = m 9iˆ  (  2)ˆj  (  2)kˆ 
and a =  3k  a = 6
On comparing, we get
24. (B) AB = – î – 4 ĵ , CD = –2 î + ( – 2) ĵ 1
9m = –3  m = ,
Since AB || CD 3
1 4 –1 = m( – 2)   = 5
 =
2   2 and – 4 = m( + 2)   = 10
   2 =  8 or  =  6
31. (D) PQ  k QR
25. (C) Let p  a  2b  3c , q  2a  λ b  4c and
a  b  c  k ( 2a  2b  tc)
r   7b  10c
On comparing, we get
Since points are collinear 1
 PQ  k PR 1 = – 2k  k = and –1 = kt  t = 2
2

10
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
32. (A) Here AB = b – a and On comparing, we get
AC = 2 a – 2 b = – 2 ( b – a )
2x + y  2z = 3, …(i)
3x  2y + z = 1, …(ii)
 AC = m AB
 x + 2y  2z = 2 …(iii)
Hence A, B, C are collinear. Solving above equations, we get
33. (A) Here a = ˆi + xˆj  3kˆ , b = 3iˆ + 4ˆj  7kˆ , and x = 2, y = 5, z = 3
 R = 2a + 5b + 3c
c = yˆi  2ˆj  5kˆ
 AB =  BC 39. (C) a + b + c + d = (1 + ) d
 2iˆ  (4  x) ˆj  4kˆ =  ( y  3) ˆi  6jˆ  12kˆ  Also, a + b + c + d = (1 + ) a
 (1 + ) d = (1 + ) a
On comparing, we get
if   –1, then
1

ns
4 = –12    = , 1  
3 d =   a
1  
4 – x = – 6  x = 2, and
2 = (y – 3)  – 6 = y – 3  y = –3 Now, a + b + c + d = (1 + ) a
1  

io
34. (D) Here a  ˆi  ˆj , b  ˆi  ˆj , c  a ˆi  b ˆj  c kˆ  a + b + c +   a = (1 + ) a
1  
The points are collinear  1  
 1   
  (1  )  a + b + c = 0
 AB =  BC  

at
  1  
 –2 ĵ = [(a – 1) î + (b + 1) ĵ + c k̂ ] This contradicts the fact that a , b , c are
On comparing, we get non-coplanar
(a–1) = 0, (b+1) = –2, c = 0 =–1
lic
Hence a = 1, c = 0 and b is arbitrary scalar.  a + b + c + d = 0
35. (D) Let A, B, C be the three collinear point. 5.2 Section Formula
 AB =  BC
ub
Here, AB = – 2b, BC = (k + 1) b 1. (A) The position vector of A is 6 b  2a and
  k  R  AB =  BC the position vector of P is a  b
Let the position vector of B be r
36. (B) Since a  3b is collinear with c , and b  2c Since P divides AB in the ratio 1 : 2
P

is collinear with a ,
 ab
 
1 r  2 6b  2a 
 a  3b  x c and b  2c  y a  x, y  R. 3
 a  3b  6c  ( x  6)c  3 a – 3 b – 12 b + 4 a = r
et

Also, a  3b  6c = a  3(b  2c) = (1  3 y )a  r = 7 a – 15 b

 ( x  6)c = (1  3 y )a 2. (A) 3P  2R  5Q  0
rg

 ( x  6)c  (1  3 y )a = 0  3P  2R  5Q
 x + 6 = 0 and 1 + 3y = 0 3P  2R
 Q
1 5
 x = 6 and y = 
Ta

3  Q is the position vector of the point

Now, a  3b  x c  a  3b  6c  0 dividing P and R in the ratio 3 : 2 internally.
Thus, P, Q and R are collinear.
37. (A) AB = a + b
3. (B) Let the point B divide AC in the ratio  : 1
BD = 3 a + 3 b = 3 AB
 (11iˆ  3jˆ  7k)
ˆ  ˆi  2ˆj  8kˆ
 Points A, B, D are collinear.  5iˆ  2kˆ =
 1
ˆ ˆ ˆ
  (5 i  2k)  (5i  2k) ˆ
38. (C) Let R = x a + y b + z c
 R = x(2 p + 3 q  r ) + y( p  2 q + 2 r ) =  (11iˆ  3ˆj  7k)
ˆ  (iˆ  2ˆj  8k)
ˆ

+ z( 2 p + q  2 r )   6 ˆi  3ˆj  9kˆ =  4 ˆi  2ˆj  6kˆ

 3p  q + 2 r = (2x + y  2z) p   6 = 4
2
+ (3x  2y + z) q + (x + 2y 2z) r = i.e. ratio = 2 : 3
3

11
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

4. (D) | OA | = 1  9  4 = 14 Q divides externally in ratio 1 : 3
| OB | = 9  1  4 = 14  Q =
  
3 a  b  c  1 a  2b  3c 
A 3 1
 OA = OB C
2a  5b
Let C be any point on  =
 2
angle bisector and on O B 5
line AB = a b
2
 C is midpoint of AB
ab
AB = a  2b  3c  a  b  c  
 c = = 2 î + 2 ĵ – 2 k̂ = 3b  2c
2
5  b 3 
5. (C) P( p ) divide AB internally in the ratio 3 : 1. PQ = a  b   a   c 
2  4 2 
3b  a

ns
 p= =
9 3
b c
4 4 2
Q( q ) is midpoint of AP
 3
2
3 AB = 3  22
3b  a

io
ap a = 3 13
 q = = 4 = 5a  3b
2 2
2 2 8  9   3 
PQ =    
 4   2 

at
6. (A) 2 a + b = 3 c 81 9
= 
 2a = 3c  b 16 4
3c  b 3c  b 99 
 a = = =   1
2 3 1
lic 4 4 
 A divides BC in the ratio 3 :1 externally. 3 13
=
2 4
7. (B) P( p ) is midpoint of BC 3
ub
= 13
4
bc
 p =  4 PQ = 3 13
2
 2p = b + c ….(i)  3 AB = 4 PQ
P

Q( q ) divides CA internally in the ratio 2:1

9. (A) K be a , b , c , l , m , n and k respectively.
2a  c 2b  c 2a  3c 3b  5a
 q = l = , m= , n = ,
3
et

3 5 8
 3q = 2a + c ….(ii) 5b  3a
k =
8
R( r ) divides AB externally in the ratio 1:2
AL  BM  CN
rg

b  2a
r =
1 2 CK
2p  3q 2b  c 2a  3c 3b  5a
= ….[From (i) and (ii)] a  b c
Ta

1 3 5 8
=
 r = – 2p + 3q 5b  3a
c
 points P, Q and R are collinear. 8
1 
80b  40c  120a  48a  72c  120b  45b  75a 120c 
8. (A) A  a  b  c B  a  2b  3c 120 

P divides internally in ratio 1 : 3 1
5b  3a  8c 
8
 P =
  
3 a  b  c  1 a  2b  3c  1 
3 1 3a  5b  8c 
120 
4a  b  6c =
= 1
3a  5b  8c 
4 8
b 3 1
= a  c =
4 2 15

12
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
10. (C) We know that, centroid of a triangle divides 4. (C) a  a  | a || a | cos   | a |2 (   0o )
the line segment joining the orthocentre and
circumcentre in the ratio 2 : 1. and b  b  | b || b | cos   | b |2
The co-ordinates of orthocentre and  a and b are sides of rhombus
circumcentre are (–1, 3, 2), (5, 3, 2)  | a | | b |
respectively.
Hence, a  a  b  b
 Co-ordinates of centroid
 2  5   1 1 2  3   1 3 2  2   1 2   5. (C) Let  be the angle between a and b .
 , , 
 2 1 2 1 2 1  Since c = a + 2 b and d = 5a  4b are
 (3, 3, 2) perpendicular to each other.
 c d = 0
11. (A) Let the co-ordinates of circumcentre be
(x, y, z).  
 a  2b  5a  4b  0 

ns
Co-ordinates of orthocentre and centroid are
(–3, 5, 2) and (3, 3, 4) respectively.
     
 5 a a  6 a b 8 bb = 0
2 2
We know that, centroid of triangle divides  5 a  6 a b cos   8 b  0
the line segment joining its orthocentre and

io
circumcentre in the ratio 2 : 1.  5 + 6 cos   8 = 0
1
 2 x  3 2 y  5 2z  2   cos  =
  , ,   (3, 3, 4) 2
 3 3 3 

at

2x  3 2y  5 2z  2 =
 = 3, = 3, =4 3
3 3 3
6. (C) Let  be the angle between a and b .
 x = 6, y = 2, z = 5
5.3 Scalar product of two vectors
lic 
Now, a  3b  7a  5b   
 
 a  3b  7a  5b = 0 
1. (D) Since a  b  a  b = 0
 
2 2
 7 a  16 a  b  15 b = 0
ub
2 2 2
Now, a  b = a + b  2 ab
 7 + 16 cos   15 = 0
= 25 + 25 1
= 50  cos  =
2
 a b = 5 2
P

= 
3
2. (B) x + y = 1 Also,  a  4b    7a  2b 
et

  a  4b    7a  2b  = 0
2
 x+ y = 1
 7 a  8 b  30  a  b  = 0
2 2 2 2
 x + y + 2x ⋅ y = 1
rg

 1+1+ 2x ⋅ y = 1 1
 15  30 cos  = 0  cos  =
2
1
 x⋅ y = - = 
2
Ta

2 2 2
3
Now, x - y = x + y - 2 x ⋅ y
7. (B) Let a = 3iˆ  2ˆj  2kˆ and b = ˆi  2kˆ
æ 1ö  The diagonals d1 and d2 are a  b and a  b
= 1 + 1  2 ççç- ÷÷÷
è 2ø respectively.
=3 d1 = ( 3iˆ  2ˆj  2kˆ ) + ( ˆi  2kˆ ) = 2iˆ  2ˆj
 x- y = 3 d2 = 4iˆ  2ˆj  4kˆ

3. (C) a  b = a  c  cos  =
d1  d 2
=
 2i  2j   4i  2j  4k 
d1 d 2 8  36
 ab – ac = 0
12 1
 a  b  c = 0 = =
12 2 2
 Either b – c = 0 or a = 0
  = 45
 b = c or a  ( b  c )
13
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

8. (B) Let the required vector be r = xˆi + ykˆ 13. (C) a  b = 1
Since r is a unit vector.  ab =1
2

 x2  y 2 = 1
 a  b  a  b  1
It is given that r makes 45 and 60 angles
with a and b respectively.  a  a  2a  b  b  b  1
 1 + 2 ab cos  + 1 = 1
 cos 45 = r.a and cos 60 = r.b
 2  1  1  cos  =  1
a r r b
1
 cos  = 
2x  y 1
 1 = and =  y 2
2 3 2 2 2π
=
3 1 3
 2x  y = and y = 

ns
2 2 14. (A) a = b = 1
x= 1 , y=  1
and 3 a  b 1
2 2
2

 

io
Hence, r = 1 ˆi  kˆ  3 a  b  12
2 2 2
 3 a  b  2 3 a b cos = 1
9. (C)  a  b    a  b  = a  a  b  a  b  a  b  b

at
3
 cos =
= a a  bb 2
= a b
2 2 lic   = 30
15. (C) Given,
=0 …. | a |  | b | a  b  3c = 0
 ab =  3 c
10. (C) c  a  b
 ab = 3 c
ub
 c = ab
2 2
 ab =3 c
 c  a  b  a  b  a  b
2 2

2 2 2
 a + b +2 a b cos  = 3 c
 c2 = a2 + b2 + 2a  b = a2 + b2
P

…  a  b  0  where  is the angle between a and b

 1 + 1 + 2 cos  = 3
1
11. (A) a = ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ  a = 14  cos  =
et

2
ab = 7 
=
2 3
 ab = 7
rg

16. (C) Given, a + b + c = 0

2 2
 a  b  2a  b  7  a + b =– c
2 2 2
Squaring on both sides, we get
Ta

 14 + b  2 b = 7 …[ a  b = b ] 2 2 2
a + b + 2 a b cos  = c
2
 b =7  9 + 25 + 30 cos  = 49
1
 b = 7  cos  =
2

2 2 2 2 =
12. (D) a  b  a  b = 2 a 2 b 3
2 2 2
…[Using Shortcut 3] 17. (D) 4a  3b = 16 a  9 b  24 a b cos 120
2
 52 + a  b = 2(3)2 + 2(4)2  1 
= 144 + 144 + 288  
2  2
 ab = 25
= 144
 ab = 5  4a  3b = 12

14
 

Chapter 5: Vectors

  
2
18. (B) a  b = a  b  a  b 24. (C) Let a = 1 and b = 1

= a a  a b  ba  bb Given, a  b  c  0

2
= 1  2 ab + 1 ....  a  b  1  a  b  c 0
 
 
2 2 2
= 2  2.1.1.cos  = 2 (1  cos )  a  b  c + 2 a b  bc  ca = 0
= 2  2sin 2 θ 
2 2
1+1+ c 3=0 c =1
 2

= 4 sin2
 25. (C) Given, a   b  c  , b   c  a  and c   a  b 
2
  a  b  a  c = 0, b  c  b  a = 0, c  a  c  b = 0
 a  b = 2 sin
 a  b + bc + ca = 0
2

ns
2 2 2 2
2 2 Now, a  b  c = a + b + c
19. (B) ( a + b )( a + b ) = a + b + 2 a  b
2 

+ 2 a  b  bc  ca 
 a  b = 2.2 cos2

io
2
2  a  b  c = 1 + 4 + 9 = 14
 1
 cos = ab  a  b  c = 14
2 2

at
(A)  a  b  c  = a  b  c  2  a  b  b  c  c  a 
2 2 2 2
20. (A) | a  b |  | a  b | 26.
Squaring both sides, we get lic = a b c
2 2 2

2 2 2 2
a  b  2a  b  a  b  2a  b
 4a.b  0

+ 2 a b cos  b c cos  c a cos  
= 16 + 4 + 36 + 2(4 + 6 + 12)
 cos   0 = 100
ub
Hence,  < 90 (acute).  a  b  c = 10

21. (A) a  b  c  0 27. (B) Since a  b

 b  c  a  ab = 0
P

 b  c  a Also, c  a = cos  and c  b = cos 

 b  c  a
2 2
Now, a  b  c = 1
et

  b  c    b  c   a  abc = 1
2

+ 2  a  b  b c  ca  = 1
2 2 2

 b2 + c2 + 2b  c  a 2  a + b + c
 b2 + c2 + 2 bc cos  = a2  1 + 1 + 1 + 2(cos  + cos ) = 1
rg

 cos  + cos  = 1
 cos  = a  b  c
2 2 2

2bc
28. (D) AB = 4iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ , CD  ˆi  ˆj  kˆ
Ta

22. (C) Squaring ( a + b + c ) = 0 , we get AB  CD   

2 2 2 Projection of AB on CD =   ĉ
a + b + c + 2( a  b + b  c + c  a ) = 0  CD 
 
 2( a  b + b  c + c  a ) =  3 …  ĉ is unit vector along CD 

3
 ab + b c + ca =   4  1  3   ˆi  ˆj  kˆ 
2 =   = 2iˆ  2ˆj  2kˆ
 3   3 
23. (D) We have, a + b + c = 0
Squaring both sides, we get a⋅b
29. (C) = 2
2 2 2 b
a + b + c + 2( a  b + b  c + c  a ) = 0
a b cosθ
 2( a  b + b  c + c  a ) = (9 + 16 + 25)  = 2
b
 a  b + b  c + c  a =  25
15
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

2π 33. (C) We have,
 a cos = 2
3 AB + BC + CA = 0
æ 1ö 2
 a ççç- ÷÷÷ = 2  AB + BC + CA = 0
è 2ø
2 2 2

 a =4  AB + BC + CA

+ 2  AB  BC + BC  CA + CA  AB  = 0
30. (C) Let the required vector be r = xˆi  yˆj  zkˆ . 2

Then, r = 4  AB  BC + BC  CA + CA  AB =  3a
2
 x2 + y2 + z2 = 16 ….(i)
5.4 Vector Product of Two Vectors
Now, r is equally inclined to the vectors

ns
ˆi  ˆj , ˆj  kˆ and kˆ  ˆi . 1. (D) Given, a  b = b  c
  = r   ˆj  kˆ  = r   kˆ  ˆi 
r  ˆi  ˆj  a  b =  c  b

r 2 r 2 r 2  a b + c b= 0

io
 x + y = y + z = z + x =  (say)  a  c  b = 0
 2(x + y + z) = 3 
3
 a  c = b

at
x+y+z=
2
2. (A) Given that a  b = 0
3
Now, x + y =  and x + y + z =  a || b
2

z=

lic 
2
m
3
= =
n
5
12
2
24 36
 m= and n =
Similarly, we have x = y = 5 5
2
ub
Substituting these values in (i), we get 3. (B) AB = (3 - α)ˆi + 0jˆ + (2 - 2α) kˆ
= 8 ˆi ˆj
3 kˆ
AB´ C = 3   0 2  2
Hence, r =  8  ˆi  ˆj  kˆ  =  
4 ˆ ˆ ˆ

P

i  j k
2 3 3 4 1 3

31. (A) Given, = (2 - 2α)ˆi - (5α + 1)ˆj + (α - 3) kˆ

et

AB =  ˆi  2 ˆj  6kˆ , BC = (a  1) ˆi  6kˆ and AB´ C = 6iˆ + 9ˆj - 5kˆ

CA = (2  a) ˆi  2 ˆj  (2 - 2α)ˆi - (5α + 1)ˆj + (α - 3) kˆ = 6iˆ + 9ˆj - 5kˆ
It is given that ABC is right angled at C.  -3 = -5   = -2
rg

 CB  CA = 0  2 +  + 5 = 7
  
 1  a  ˆi  6 kˆ   2  a  ˆi  2 ˆj = 0  4. (A) AB  2iˆ  ˆj  2k,
ˆ AC  3iˆ  3jˆ  0kˆ
Ta

 (1  a) (2  a) = 0 ˆi ˆj kˆ
 a = 1, 2  AB  AC  2 1 2

32. (C) AB  AC  BC  BA  CA  CB 3 3 0
= (AB) (AC) cos + (BC)(BA) cos(90  ) + 0 = (6iˆ  6ˆj  3k)
ˆ
= AB(ACcos   BCsin )
 ˆ ˆ ˆ
 Unit vectors =   2i  2 j  k 
= AB  (AC)  (BC) 
2 2
B  3 
 
 AB AB 
= AC2 + BC2 90o–  5. (C) The vector perpendicular to a and b is
= AB2 = p2 ˆi ˆj kˆ
a  b = 1 1 0 = î – ĵ + k̂

C A 0 1 0

16
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
Since the length of this vector is 3 , the 13.         
(B) a  ˆi  ˆi  ˆj  a  ˆj  ˆj  kˆ  a  kˆ  kˆ  ˆi
unit vector perpendicular to a and b is
=   ykˆ  zjˆ    ˆi  ˆj   xkˆ  ziˆ    ˆj  kˆ 

ab
ab
=
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
3

i  j k     xˆj  yˆi    kˆ  ˆi 

Hence, there are two such vectors. =z+x+y

14. (A) Let b = b1 î + b2 ĵ + b3 k̂
6. (A) We have, u  n̂ = 0 and v  n̂ = 0
ˆi ˆj kˆ
 n̂  u and n̂  v
Now, ĵ – k̂ = a  b = 1 1 1
 n̂ =  u  v b1 b 2 b3
uv
 b3 – b2 = 0, b1 – b3 = 1, b2 – b1 = –1

ns
Now, u  v = ˆi  ˆj  ˆi  ˆj = 2 k̂      b3 = b2, b1 = b2 + 1
Also, a  b = 1
 n̂ =  k̂
 b1 + b2 + b3 = 1
Hence, w  nˆ = ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ   kˆ    =3  3b2 + 1 = 1

io
 b2 = 0
 b1 = 1, b3 = 0
7. (C) Only option (C) satisfy the conditions
Thus, b = î

at
r ´ x = y ´ x and r ´ y = x ´ y
15. (C) Since a + b + c = 0
ˆi ˆj kˆ
 a  (a + b + c) = 0
8. (D) α  β = 2 3 1 = 10iˆ  9ˆj  7kˆ
1 2  4
lic  a  a + a  b + a  c =0
 a  b = – a  c = c  a .....(i)
ˆi ˆj kˆ Similarly, b  ( a + b + c ) = 0
and α  γ = 2 3 1 = 4iˆ  3jˆ  kˆ
ub
 a  b = b  c .....(ii)
1 1 1 By (i) and (ii), we get
  α  β    α  γ  =  40  27  7 =  74 a  b = b  c = c  a

16. (C) a . b = 0
P

9. (D) î  ( ĵ  k̂ ) + ĵ  ( k̂  î ) + k̂  ( î  ĵ )  a  b
= î  î + ĵ  ĵ + k̂  k̂ = 3  a = 0 or b = 0
and a  b = 0
et

10. (D) î  ( ĵ  k̂ ) + ĵ  ( î  k̂ ) + k̂  ( î  ĵ )  a || b
= i  i  j  j  kˆ  kˆ  3  a = 0 or b = 0
rg

=11+1=1 Hence, either a or b is a null vector.

ˆi ˆj kˆ 17. (B)
2
a´b + a ⋅ b
2
= a
2
b
2

2
11. (B) x  î = x1 x2 x3 ...  x  xi ˆi  x2ˆj  x3kˆ  …[Using Shortcut 1]
 
Ta

1 0 0
= a b = (16)(4)
2
= x3ˆj  x2 kˆ = x32 + x 22 = 64

(D)  a  3b    3a  b  
2 2
Similarly, x  ĵ = x x12 + x32 and 18.
 
= 10  b  a 
2 2
2
x  k̂ = x12 + x 2  
2
Hence, the required result is = 100 b  a
= 2  x12  x22  x32  = 2 x
2


= 100 a b   a  b 
2 2 2

2 2 2 2
12. (A) a  ˆi  a  ˆj  a  kˆ = 2 a =2 = 100 (4  1) ….[ a  b = 2 cos 60 = 1]
…[Using Shortcut 2] = 300

17
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

19. (C) Since a  b  c  0 23. (B) If angle between b and c is  and
 ab = bc = ca b  c = 15
a b  bc  ca = 3 a b
 b c sin  = 15

= 3 a b sin 15
3  sin  =
3 3 4
= 1
2  cos  =
4
20. (B) Since u = v = 1 and  is the acute angle
Now, b – 2 c =  a
between u and v . 2 2

 u  v = sin  …(i)  b  2c = 2 b

ns
2 2 2
Now, 2 u  3 v will be a unit vector, if  b + 4 c  4 b  c = 2 a
2u  3v = 1
 16 + 4 – 4 { b c cos}= 2
 6 u v = 1

io
1
 6 sin  = 1 …[From (i)]  16 + 4 – 4  4  1  = 2
4
1
 sin  =  2 = 16

at
6
  = 4
As  is an acute angle. So, there is only one
value of  for which 2u  3v is a unit vector. 24. (C) For  with vertices a , b and c , the area is
21. (D) Let  be the angle between a and b .
lic given by
1
  
b a  c a
Since c =  a  b   2
Here, a = ˆi,b  ˆj,c  kˆ
 c a,cb
ub
 ca= cb = 0  b  a = (ˆi  ˆj) and c  a = (ˆi  k)
ˆ

Now, ˆi ˆj kˆ
abc = 1 1 1
 area of  = 1 1 0 = ˆi  ˆj  kˆ
2 2
1 0 1
P

2
 abc = 1

  3
2 2 2
 a + b + c + 2 a b  bc  ca = 1 = sq. units
2
et


1 1 1
+ + + 2 a b cos = 1
2 3 6
  1
25. (A) Area of triangle = ab
 cos  = 0 2

rg

= 1
2
= a b sin
2
22. (B) a + b + c = 0 1 
2
=  3  5  sin
2 6
Ta

 a +b+c = 0
15
 a + b + c + 2 (a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a ) = 0
2 2 2
=
4
 3 + 2 (a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a ) = 0
1
26. (B) Given, ab = 3
3 2
 a ⋅ b + b⋅c + c⋅a = -
2  ab = 6
3
= - 
2  a b sin =6
d = a ´ b + b´c + c´a 3
 a b 4 3
= a ´b + b´(-a - b) + (- a - b)´a
 1
= a ´ b - b ´ a - b ´ a = 3 (a ´b)  a  b = a b cos  4 3   2 3
3 2

18
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
5.5 Scalar Triple Product and Vector Triple  2 + 5 (7 + k – 2) + 4 (– 9 – k + 2) = 0
Product  2 + 25 + 5k – 28 – 4k = 0
 1 + k = 0
1 0 1
k=1
1. (C) [ a b c ] = x 1 1 x
y x 1 x  y 7. (A) Let a,band c be the given vectors.
Applying C3  C 3 + C1, we get The given vectors are coplanar.
1 0 0  1 2
[a b c] = x 1 1 = 1(1 + x – x) = 1  1  1 = 0
y x 1 x 2 1 

2. (C) Let n̂ be the unit vector perpendicular to  (2 1)  ( + 2) + 2(1  2) = 0
 3  6  4 = 0

ns
a and b
 ( + 2)(2  2  2) = 0
a b c = a ( b  c ) = a (| b | | c | sin  n̂ )
  2  4 8
  =  2 or  = =1 3
2  3  2
= a (3  4 sin  n̂ ) = a  12  nˆ 

io
3  2  8. (B) Since the given vectors are coplanar,
= 6 3| a | | nˆ |cos 0  6 3  2  1  12 3  bc b 2  bc c 2  bc
 a  ac ac c 2  ac = 0

at
2

3. (A) Since x is a non-zero vector, the given

a 2  ab b 2  ab ab
conditions will be satisfied, if either
i. at least one of the vectors a , b , c is zero or
lic  (ab + bc + ca)3 = 0  ab + bc + ca = 0
ii. x is perpendicular to all the vectors a , b , c 9. (A) Let the vector be aiˆ  bjˆ  ckˆ .
In case (ii), a , b , c are coplanar
It is perpendicular to 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ .
 a b c  = 0
 2a + b + c = 0 .…(i)
ub
4. (B) Since aiˆ  ˆj  kˆ , ˆi  bjˆ  kˆ and ˆi  ˆj  ckˆ The vector is coplanar with ˆi  2jˆ  kˆ and
are coplanar, ˆi  ˆj  2kˆ
a 1 1
a b c
1 b 1 =0

P

1 2 1 0
1 1 c
1 1 2
 a (bc – 1) – 1 (c – 1) + 1 (1 – b) = 0
 3a – b – c = 0 ….(ii)
 abc – a – b – c + 2 = 0
et

On solving (i) and (ii), we get

 abc – (a + b + c) = – 2
a = 0, b = 5, c = 5
5 6 7  The required vector is 5(ˆj  k)
ˆ
5. (B)      = 7 8 9
rg

3 20 5 10. (D) Here C  C1ˆi  ˆj  kˆ

= 5(40 – 180)  6(35 – 27) To make three vectors coplanar, [A BC]  0
+ 7(140 + 24) = 0
Ta

1 1 1
 the given vectors are coplanar.
 1 0 0 0
6. (B) Let s  2a  3b  c , t  a  2b  3c , C1 1 1
u  3a  4b  2c , v  ka  6b  6c  1(0  0)  1(1  0) + 1(1  0) = 0
 ST   a  5b  4c , SU  a  b  c  The value of [A BC] is independent of C1.
SV   k  2  a  9b  7c Hence, no value of C1 can be found.
Since the given points are coplanar, 11. (D) Let P(p) , Q(q) , R(r) be the three points.
ST SU SV = 0
   p = a  b + c , q = 4 a  7 b  c and
1 5
4 r = 3a + 6b + 6c
 1 1 = 0
1
PQ is not scalar multiple of PR
k  2 9 7
 they are not collinear.
19
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

1 1 1 16. (B) Since d  a  b  c
p q r  = 4 7 1 = 36  0  d(b  c) = a(b  c)+ b(b  c) + c(b  c)
 
3 6 6  d(b  c) = [a b c]
 they are not coplanar. [d bc] [bcd]
= 
[a bc] [bca]
12. (C) Let a , b and c be the given vectors.
The vectors are coplanar.
17. (B) r = l (b  c)  m(c  a)  n (a  b)
 2 1 1
 1  2
1 0  a  r = l a  b  c + m a  c  a  + n a  a  b
1 1  2
= l a b c + 0 + 0
 – 2(4 – 1) – 1(– 2 – 1) + 1( 1 + 2) = 0
 6  32  2 = 0 ….(i)  a b c  2

ns
a  r = 2l
 (1 + 2)2 (2  2) = 0
= 2 Similarly,
b  r = 2m, ….(ii)
13. (C) Let  ,  and  be the given vectors

io
c. r  2n ….(iii)
 ,  and  are coplanar
 On adding equations (i), (ii) and (iii) we get
1 2 3
  a  b  c   r = 2(l + m + n)

at
0  4 =0
0 0 (2  1)
1
 lmn 
1
2

a  b  c r 
 (2  1) = 0   = 0,
2
Hence,  ,  ,  are non-coplanar for all
lic 18. (C) a,b and c are non-coplanar.
1 So,  a b c   0
values of  except 0 and .
2
 bc   ca 
ub
   
14. (B) The given vectors are coplanar a  b 
3 0 1  
3b  c  a    
2c  a  b  
 1  3
0 0 [a b c] [b ca] 1 1 1
=    
1 2  sin  
P

3[b c a] 2[c a b] 3 2 6
 3(4 – 0) + 1(2 – sin  + 3) = 0
 7 + 3 + 2 = sin  ….(i) 19. (A) p + q + r =
bc  ca  a  b
This is true for  = 0.
et

[a b c]
For non-zero values of , equation (i) is
( a + b + c )( p + q + r )
sin 
6 +2 + 2 = ....(ii) [a b c]  [b c a]  [c a b]
 =
rg

sin x [a b c]
We know that < 1 for all x  0.
x =3
 L.H.S. of (ii) is greater than 2 and R.H.S. is
 
Ta

less than 1. 20. (D) p  a  b = p a  p b

So, (ii) is not true for any non-zero .
Hence, there is only one value of . (b  c)  a (b  c)  b
= +
a b c  a b c 
   
15. (B)
 b  c  a  b  c b c a  b c b 
 =  + 

=
 b  c  a   b  c  b   b  c  c a b c  a b c 
   
 =1+0

=
 b  c  a  0  0 =1
 Similarly, q  (b  c)  1 and r  (a  c) = 1

=

a  bc =  =1 ( a + b )  p + ( b + c )  q +( c + a )  r
  =1+1+1=3

20
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
21. (D) a   b  c    a  b  c   = ( a  b ) c – ( a  b ) a + ( c  a ) c
= a   b  a  b  c  c  a  c  b  – ( c  a ) a + ( b  c ) c – ( b  c ) a
=  a b c  –  a b a  +  c a c  –  c a a 
...  b b  0, c c  0
+  b c c    b c a  = 0
= [a b a] + [a b c] + [a c a] + [a c b]
= 0 + [a b c] + 0 – [a b c] 27. (B) a + b b + c c + a 
=0
= ( a + b ){( b + c )  ( c + a )}
22. (D) ( a  b )[( b + c )  ( c + a )]
= ( a + b )( b  c + b  a + c  c + c  a )
= (a  b )
= ( a + b )( b  c + b  a + c  a )
[ b  c + b  a + c  c + c  a ]

ns
…  c  c  0 
= a ( b  c ) + a ( b  a ) + a ( c  a )
 b ( b  c )  b ( b  a )  b ( c  a ) = a ( b  c ) + a  ( b  a ) + a ( c  a )
= [a b c ]  [a b c ] = 0 + b ( b  c ) + b ( b  a ) + b ( c  a )

io
23. (B) ( a + b )( b + c )( a + b + c ) =  a b c  +  b c a  = 2  a b c 
= ( a + b )  b  a  b  c  c  a  c  b 
(B) éëêa + 2b - c a - b a - b - cùûú

at
28.
=  a b a  +  a b c  +  a c a  +  a c b 
{
= (a + 2b - c)⋅ (a - b)´(a - b - c) }
+  b b a  +  b b c  +  b c a  +  b c b 
= (a + 2b - c)
lic
= 0 +  a b c  + 0 +  a c b  + 0 + 0 +  b c a  + 0
⋅ {a ´a - a ´b - a ´c - b´a + b´b + b´c}
=  a b c  –  a b c  +  a b c  =  a b c 
= (a + 2b - c){ b´a - a ´c - b´a + b´c}
ub
24. (B) ( u + v  w )  [( u  v )  ( v  w )]
= (a + 2b - c){-a ´c + b´c}
= u  (u  v) – u  (u  w) + u  (v  w) + v  (u  v)
– v  (u  w) + v  (v  w) – w  (u  v) = éêëa b cùúû  2 éê b a cùú
ë û
= éêëa b cùûú + 2 êa b cùú
é
P

+ w  (u  w) – w  (v  w) ë û
= [u v w]  [v u w]  [w u v] = 3 éêëa b cùûú
= [u v w] + [u v w] – [u v w] = u  (v  w)
et

29. (A) Since a  b = 0

 a and b are perpendicular unit vectors.
25. (C)  a  b  c    a  b    a  c  

Now,  2a  b    a  b    a  2b  
=  a  b    a  b    a  c 
rg

=  2a  b a  b a  2b 
  
+ c   a  b  a  c   =   a  b 2a  b a  2b 
= 0 + c a  b a  c 
Ta


=   a  b    2a  b    a  2b  
=  c a a  c  + c b a  c 
  
=  a  b 5 a  b 
=  c a a  +  c a c  +  c b a  +  c b c  2 2
=  5 a  b  5 a b ….  a  b 
= 0 + 0 +  c b a  + 0
=5 ….  a  b  1
=   a b c 
30. (D)   a  b   2 b  c   a b  c b 
26. (A) a – b b – c c – a 
  4  a  b b c    a b  c b 
= {( a – b )  ( b  c )}.( c – a )
= ( a  b – a  c – b  b + b  c )( c – a )
  
  4 a bc    b bc   a bb   acb  
  4  a b c     a b c 
= (a b +c a +b c )  (c –a )
21
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

 (4 + 1)  a b c  = 0 37.  
(D) Given, a  b  c  a  b  c  
But,  a b c   0.  c   a  b   a   b  c 
 4 + 1 = 0
  c  b  a   c  a  b   a  c  b   a  b  c
This is not true for any real value of .
31. (B) Volume of parallelopiped    c b  a   a c b   a c  b   a  b  c
1
  cba   a bc
1 2
= 1 1 0 a b c  = k a b c 
   
1 1 1  cba  a bc
 1(1  0)  2(1  0) 1(1 + 1) = k
 a
a b c
1+20=kk=3
cb

ns
p 0 5
32. (A) Volume of parallelopiped = 1 1 q = 8  a   c, where  =
a b
3 5 0 cb
 – p ( 0 + 5q) + 5 (– 5 + 3) = 8  a and c are parallel.

io
 – 5pq – 18 = 0
 5pq + 18 = 0 38. (C) Let a = 3iˆ  2ˆj  6kˆ , b = 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ and
33. (D) Volume of parallelopiped = [a  b b  c c  a] c = ˆi  ˆj  kˆ . Then, required unit vectors are

at
= a b c  b c a 
given by  = 
 
a  bc
= a b c  a b c a  b c 
=0
lic Now,
34. (D) Volume of parallelopiped a   bc  a  c b  a  b c
=  a  b b  c c  a  = 2 a b c 
  
 a   b  c   7 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  14 ˆi  ˆj  kˆ 
ub
2 3 5
= 2 3 4 5  a   b  c   21jˆ  7kˆ
5 3 2   
a  b  c  441  49  7 10
= 2  2(8  15)  3( 6  25)  5(  9  20) 
P

Hence, required unit vectors are

= 2  46  93  55 21jˆ  7kˆ
= 16 cu. units
 
7 10
=
1
10
3jˆ  kˆ  
et

1
35. (D) Volume of tetrahedron = a b c 
(C) a   b  c  =  
3
6   39. bc
1 2
4=  a b c    a b c  = 24
   
6    
   
 a  c b  a  b c   3 b   3 c
rg

 2   2 
Edges of parallelopiped are a  b, b  c, c  a    
 Volume of parallelopiped 3  3
 a c  and a  b 
= [a b b c c a ]
Ta

2 2
2
=  a b c   a b cos  
 3
= 242 2
 3
= 576 sq. units  cos  = = cos 5
36. 
(A) Given, a  b  c  b  c  a    2 6
  = 5
 a  c b  a  bc b  a c  b  ca 6

  b  c  a   a  c b 2  a  b  c  0 40. (D) (αˆ ⋅ γˆ )βˆ  (αˆ ⋅ βˆ ) γˆ =

1ˆ 1
β + γˆ
2 2
Since a, b,c are non-coplanar,
As β̂ is not parallel to γ̂ ,
b  c  0,a  c  0 and a  b  0
1
 a  b  c  a  c b a  bc  0 α̂ ⋅ βˆ = -
2

22
 

Chapter 5: Vectors

 α̂ βˆ cosθ = -
1 5.6 Direction angles, Direction ratios and
2 Direction cosines
1
 cosθ = - … éê α̂ = 1 , βˆ = 1ùú 1. (B) If , β,  are direction angles of any vector
2 ë û
OL , then those of OL are   ,   ,
2π    respectively
 θ=
3  correct answer is option (B).
2. (D) We know that, l2 + m2 + n2 = 1

41. (A) Given, a  b  c  b c a  1
3 Consider option (D)
2 2 2
 2   3   4  4  9  16
   
 a c b  a b c =
1
3
b ca       =
 25   25   25  25
29
   

ns
 1  = 1
 a  c b   b  c  b c a 0 25
 3 
 correct answer is option (D).
Since a, b are non-collinear.
3. (B) Consider option (B)
1

io
 a  c  0 and b  c  b c  0   
3  cos2 + cos2 + cos2
4 3 3
1
 b c cos  b c  0 1 1 1
=   =1

at
3 2 4 4
1  correct answer is option (B).
 cos  = 
3
4. (B) Since
 sin  =
8
9
=
2 2
3
lic  =  =   cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1
 1 
 cos  =   
 3
42. (B) Given, a 1 , b 1 and c  2 So, there are four lines whose direction
ub

Also, a  a c  b  0  cosines are
 1 1 1   1 1 1   1 1 1 
 , , ,  , ,   , , ,
  a c  a   a  a  c  b  0  3 3 3  3 3 3  3 3 3
 1 1 1 
 a  ca  c  b  0
P

…  a  a  a 1 , , .
2

   3 3 3
 a  ca  c   b 5. (D) The d.r.s of OP are 3, 12, 4
 The required d.c.s. are
et

 a  c a  c   b 3 12 4
i.e., , ,
13 13 13
 a  ca  c  b
2 2
rg

6. (B) Here, a = 3 î + 5 ĵ  2 k̂ , b  6i  2j  3k

 a  ca  c  2 a  ca  c  b  
2 2 2

a  b 18  10  6 22
 Projection = = =
  a  c  a  c  2  a  c  a  c   b b 7 7
2 2 2 2
Ta

2

 a  c a  2  c  b
2
 2 2 7. (C) Let the length of the line segment be r and
its direction cosines be l, m, n.
 The projections on the co-ordinate axes are
   a  c   4 1 …  b 1, c  4 
2 2 2

  lr, mr, nr.

 lr = 3, mr = 4 and nr = 5
 a  c  3
2
 l2r2 + m2r2 + n2r2 = 32 + 42 + 52
 a c  3 r2 (l2 + m2 + n2) = 9 + 16 + 25
r2 = 50 ….[ l2 + m2 + n2 = 1]
 a c cos  = 3,  r = 50 = 5 2
where  is an acute angle between a and c 8. (B) The d.r.s. of the diagonal of the line joining
3  the origin to the opposite corner of cube are
 cos  = = a  0, a  0, a  0 i.e. 1, 1, 1.
2 6

23
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

a b c 16. (C) sin2  + sin2  + sin2 
9. (B) As = = ,
 1   1   1  = (1  cos2 ) + (1  cos2 ) + (1  cos2 )
     
 bc   ca   ab  = 3  (cos2  + cos2  + cos2 ) = 3  (1) = 2
the lines are parallel.   
17. (B) cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = 1
10. (A) cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 2 2 2
2
 14   1 
2
8  196  Now, cos  + cos  + cos 
 cos  = ± 1      = ±     
 15   3  9  225  = 2cos2  1 + 2cos2  1 + 2cos2  1
2 2 2
2
=  = 2(1)  3 = 1
15
11. (C) Since cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 18. (C) cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = 1
1  cos 2 1  cos 2 1  cos2
 cos2  + cos2 60 + cos2 60 = 1    1

ns
1 1 1 1 2 2 2
 cos2  = 1   =1 =  cos2 + cos2 + cos2 + 3 = 2
4 4 2 2
1  cos2 + cos2 + cos2 + 1 = 0
 cos  = 
2  
(A) Let  = and  =

io
19.
  = 45 or  = 135 6 4
12. (A) Since cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 3 1
 cos  = and cos  =
 cos2 45 + cos2 120 + cos2  = 1 2 2

at
1 1 1 1 Since cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1
 cos2  = 1   =  cos  =  3 1
2 4 4 2  + + cos2  = 1
Since  is an acute angle. 4 2

 cos  =
1
  = 60
lic  cos2  = –
1
4
2
Square of a real number cannot be negative.
13. (B) cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1
 option (A) is the correct answer.
 cos2 45 + cos2  + cos2  = 1
ub
….(  = ) 20. (C) The line makes angle  with Xaxis and
1 1 Zaxis and  with Yaxis.
 2cos2  = 1  =  l = cos , m = cos , n = cos 
2 2
1 cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1
P

 cos2  =  2cos2  = 1  cos2 

4
  = 60 =   2 cos2  = sin2  …(i)
  +  +  = 165° But sin2  = 3sin2  …(ii)
et

From (i) and (ii), we get

14. (B) Since cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 3sin2  = 2cos2 
 cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1  3(1  cos2 ) = 2cos2 
….( =  = ) 3
rg

 3 cos2  = 1  3 = 5cos2   cos2  =

5
1
 cos2  = 1
3 21. (C) We have l = cos45 = ,
2
Ta

1
 cos  =  1
3 m = cos60 = and n = cos
2
Now, l = m = n = cos 
We know that l2 + m2 + n2 = 1
1
 l=m=n= 1 1
3    n2  1
2 4
15. (C) Since cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 3 1 1
 n2  1    n = 
 cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 (  =  = ) 4 4 2
1 1 1
 cos2  =  cos  =  cos = 
3 3 2
Now, sum of d.c.s. = l + m + n
= cos  + cos  + cos 

r = r l i  mj  nkˆ
ˆ ˆ 
 1 1 1 
= 3 cos  = 3  r = 12  ˆi  ˆj  kˆ 
 2 2 2 

24
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
22. (A) Since, cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 27. (A) Given, A  (1, 2, 1), B  (2, 0, 3),
 cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1 (  =  = ) C  (3, 1, 2)
1 1 The d.r.s of AB = 1, 2, 4 and d.r.s of
 cos2  =  cos  =
3 3 AC = 2, 3, 3
1 1 1 1(2)  (2)(3)  4(3)
 The d.c.s are  , , .  cos =
3 3 3 1  4  16 4  9  9
The magnitude of the given vector is 6. 2  6  12 20
 cos = 
 r = 6 (cos  ˆi  cos  ˆj  cos  k)
ˆ 21 22 462
6 ˆ ˆ ˆ  462 cos = 20
= (i  j  k) =  2 3 (iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ
3
28. (A) l + m + n = 0
1 1 1  l = (m + n) and lm = 0  (m + n)m = 0
23. (D) D.c.s. of the line are , ,

ns
3 3 3  m = 0 or m + n = 0  m = 0 or m = n
1 1 1 If m = 0, then l =  n
 cos  = , cos  = , cos  =
3 3 3 l m n
 = =
Hence, line is equally inclined to axes. 1 0 1

io
24. (A) The d.r.s. of the given line are If m = n, then l = 0
2  6, 3 + 7, 1 + 1 l m n
 = =
i.e., 2, 2, 1. i.e., 2, 2, 1 0 1 1

at
 angle  is acute, cos   0  the d.r.s of the lines are proportional to
2 1, 0, 1 and 0, 1, 1
 cos  =  angle between them is
3
Thus, required d.c.s are
2 2 1
, ,
lic cos  =
0  0 1
1 0 1 0 11
=
1
2
3 3 3

25. (B) l2 + m2 + n2 = 1  =
3
ub
2 2
3
   +   + n2 = 1
2
7  7  29. (B) l + m  n = 0 and l2 + m2  n2 = 0
13 36  l + m = n and l2 + m2 = n2
 n2 = 1  = Putting l + m = n in l2 + m2 = n2, we get
49 49
l2 + m2 = (l + m)2
P

Let a, b, c be the d.r.s. of the line.

 a = 2, b = 3, c = z  2lm = 0  l = 0 or m = 0
If l = 0, then m = n
c
Since n = l m n
a  b2  c2
2  = =
et

0 1 1
z 6 If m = 0, then l = n
 
49z 2 7 l m n
 = =
2
1 0 1
rg

z 36
 
13  z 2
49  the d.r.s of the lines are proportional to
2
 49 z  36 z = 13  36 2 0, 1, 1 and 1, 0, 1.
 z2 = 36 0(1)  1(0)  1(1) 1
 cos  = =
Ta

 z = 6 0 11 1 0 1 2

(A) The d.r.s. of the two lines are 1, 1, 2 and 1 
26.   = cos1     =
2, 1, 1  2 3
Let d.r.s. of the line be a, b, c.
30. (C) Putting l =  m  n in l2 = m2 + n2, we get
 a  b + 2c = 0 ….(i)
(m  n)2 = m2 + n2
and 2a + b  c = 0 ….(ii)
 mn = 0  m = 0 or n = 0
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
If m = 0, then l =  n
a b c
  l m n
1 5 3  = =
1 0 1
 d.r.s. of the line are 1, 5, 3.
If n = 0, then l = m
1 5 3
 the required d.c.s. are , , . l m n
35 35 35  = =
1 1 0

25
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

 a1, b1, c1 = 1, 0, 1 and l32 + m32 + n 32 = 1
a2, b2, c2 = 1, 1, 0 Now, (l1 + l2 + l3)2 + (m1 + m2 + m3)2
 The angle between the lines is given by + (n1 + n2 + n3)2
1 0  0 1 = (l1  m1  n1 ) + (l2  m2  n 2 ) + (l32  m32  n 32 )
2 2 2 2 2 2
cos  = =
1 0 1 11 0 2 + 2 (l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2)
 + 2(l2l3 + m2m3 + n2n3)
 =
3 + 2 (l3l1 + m3m1 + n3n1)
31. (B) Since, the three lines are mutually =3
perpendicular  (l1 + l2 + l3)2 + (m1 + m2 + m3)2
 l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 0 +(n1 + n2 + n3)2 = 3
l2l3 + m2m3 + n2n3 = 0 Hence, direction cosines of required line are :
l3l1 + m3m1 + n3n1 = 0 l1 + l2 + l3 m1 + m 2 + m3 n1 + n 2 + n 3
, ,

ns
Also, l12 + m12 + n12 = 1, 3 3 3
l22 + m22 + n 22 = 1,

io
Concept Fusion

1. (B) a  b = a  b Here, AB = BC = CD = DA and AC  BD  0

at
2 2 Hence, ABCD is a rhombus.
 ab  ab
2 2 2 2 4. (D) Let a = ˆi  ˆj  kˆ and b = ˆi  2jˆ  3kˆ
 a  b  2a  b  a  b  2a  b
 ab  0
lic ˆi ˆj kˆ
a  b = 1 1 1  ˆi  2ˆj  kˆ
 ab 1 2 3
2. (B)
ub
O (0, 0, 0) Projection of vector 2iˆ  3 ˆj  kˆ on a  b

=
 2iˆ  3 ˆj  kˆ  . iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ 
1 4  1
P

2  6 1
=
6
2 2
3 3
A (2, 2, 1) B (2, 4, 4) = =
et

D (x, y, z)
6 2
In AOB, OD is the bisector of BOA.
5. (A)
AD AO
 =
rg

BD OB
AD 3 1 b
 = = p
BD 6 2
By section formula, 30
Ta

1( 2) + 2( 2) 1(4) + 2(2) 8
x= =2, y = = , a
1+ 2 1+ 2 3
1(4) + 2(1)
z= =2 a = 2iˆ - 2ˆj + kˆ
1+ 2
2
 a = 4  4 1 = 3
æ8ö 136
k= 2 + çç ÷÷÷ + 22 =
2
çè 3 ø 9 b = 2 a = 2(3) = 6
2
 9k = 136 p
sin 30 =
b
3. (C) AB = 6iˆ  2jˆ  3kˆ , BC = 2iˆ  3jˆ  6kˆ
1 p
CD = 6iˆ  2ˆj  3kˆ , DA = 2iˆ  3jˆ  6kˆ  = p=3
2 6
AC = 8iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ and BD = 4iˆ  5jˆ  9kˆ  Area of parallelogram = 3  3 = 9

26
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
6. (A) 3u p v p w    pv w q u    2w qv qu  = 0 q
 p  = 0, q = 0
6
   3p 2  u v w   pq  v w u   2q 2  w v u   0
 p = 0, q = 0
 3p 2  u v w   pq  u v w   2q 2  u v w   0 Hence, there is exactly one value of (p, q).

 (3p2  pq + 2q2)  u v w  = 0 7. (D) Since r = x a + y b + z c

But,  u v w   0  3 î +2 ĵ 5 k̂ = x(2 î  ĵ + k̂ ) + y ( î + 3 ĵ 2 k̂ )

 3p2  pq + 2q2 = 0 + z (2 î + ĵ 3 k̂ )

1 2 Comparing the coefficients, we get
 p2  pq + q2 = 0 3 = 2x + y  2z, 2 = x + 3y + z, 5 = x  2y 3z
3 3
 1 1  1 2  x = 3, y = 1, z = 2
  p2  pq  q 2   q 2  q 2  0 Hence, x = y + z

ns
 3 36  36 3
x
 q 23
2  y, , z are in A.P.
  p    q 2  0 2
 6  36

io
MHT-CET Previous Years’ Questions

at
1. (C) Let A(5, 2, 7), B(2, 2, ), C(1, 6, 1) be the 
4. (A) a  b  c = 10
given points
1 1 1
d.r.s. of AB are 2  5, 2 + 2,   7
 2  1 = 10
i.e., 3, 4,   7
lic 1 1 4
d.r.s. of BC are 1  2, 6  2, 1  
i.e., 3, 4, 1    (4 + 1)  (8  1) + (2  ) = 10
Since the points are collinear, =6
ub
AB || BC
4 7 5. (D)
 =    7 = 1     = 3 C(x1, y1, z1) D(x2, y2, z2)
4 1   B(1, 3, 6)
A(2, 1, 4)
P

2. (B) Let the direction ratios of the line

perpendicular to both the lines be a, b, c. C divides AB internally in the ratio 1 : 2 and
The line is perpendicular to the lines with D divides AB internally in the ratio 2 : 1.
et

1(6)  2(4) 2(6)  1(4)

Direction ratios 1, 2, 2 and 0, 2, 1  z1 + z2 = 
1 2 2 1
 a + 2b + 2c = 0 ….(i)
14 16 30
2b + c = 0 ….(ii) =  =
3 3 3
rg

Solving (i) and (ii), we get

= 10
a b c
= =
2 1 2 6. (C) M and N are the midpoints of sides PQ and RS
Ta

 The d.r.s. of the line are 2, 1, 2. pq rs

 m= and n 
2 1 2 2 2
 The required d.c.s. of the line are , , .
3 3 3  2m = p  q and 2n = r  s

3. (C) c  ma  nb PS  QR = s  p  r  q

 3iˆ  kˆ  m(iˆ  ˆj  2k)

ˆ  n(2iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ = r  s  p  q
Comparing the co-efficients of î and ˆj , we get = 2n  2m
3 = m + 2n, and ….(i) = 2 MN
m=n ….(ii)
 Solving the above two equations, we get 7. (C) Since O(0, 0, 0), P(2, 3, 4), Q(1, 2, 3), R(x, y, z)
are co-planar,
m=n=1
 OR OP OQ  = 0
 m+n=1+1=2  

27
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

x y z  6 = 3 + y + 2x and 3 = x – 2 + 2y
 2 3 4 =0  2x + y = 3 and x + 2y = 5
1 2 3 Solving these equations, we get
1 7
 x (9  8)  y (6  4) + z (4  3) = 0 x= and y =
 x  2y + z = 0 3 3

8. (D) AD is the median 14. (D) a = a 1 + a 2

  1 5  3   2    1 2 a 2 = a1  a
 D  , ,    , 4, 
 2 2 2   2 2  a 1 is parallel to b .
 d.r.s. of AD are
 1
2
 2, 4  3,
2
2
5   
a 1 =  ˆi  ˆj

 5  8 a2 =   ˆi  ˆj   3jˆ  4kˆ 

ns
i.e. , 1, …(i)
2 2
Since AD is equally inclined to co-ordinate = ˆi     3 ˆj  4kˆ
axes, its d.r.s. are 1, 1, 1 a 2 is perpendicular to b
Option (D) satisfies (i).

io
 a2 ⋅ b = 0
9. (C) Since the vector is equally inclined to the
co-ordinate axes,
    
 ˆi     3 ˆj  4kˆ   ˆi  ˆj = 0

+3=0

at
1
l=m=n= 
3 3
=
2

10. (C) Let N n divide line segment LM externally
 
3 ˆ ˆ
in the ratio 2 : 1.
lic a1 =
2
i j

 n
  
2 a  2b  2a  b  15. (B) Since the given vectors are coplanar,
2 1 a a c
ub
2a  4b  2a  b 1 0 1 =0
= = 5b
1 c c b

11. (C) Since cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1  –ac – a(b – c) + c2 = 0

 cos2120 + cos2 + cos260 = 1  –ac – ab + ac + c2 = 0
P

 1 
2
1
2  c2 = ab
   + cos2 +   = 1  c is the G. M. of a and b.
 2  2
et

1 1 16. (D)
 cos2 = 1  
4 4
17. (A) Since the vectors are collinear.
1
 cos2 =  p = q
2
rg

1  (2x + 1) a  b =   x  2  a  b 
 cos  =    = 45 or 135
2  (2x + 1) a  b = (x – 2) a   b
12. (D) P(4, 5, x), Q(3, y, 4) and R(5, 8, 0)
Ta

On comparing, we get
Since the points are collinear,  = –1 and 2x + 1 = (x – 2)
PQ || QR  2x + 1 = –(x – 2)
1 y  5 4  x
    2x + x = 2 – 1
2 8 y 4
1
1 y  5 4  x 1 x=
  and  3
2 8 y 4 2
i j k
 y – 8 = 2y – 10 and 8 – 2x = 4
 y = 2 and x = 2 18. (A) a  b = 2 3 1
 x+y=4 1 2 4

13. (C) Since G is the centroid of ABC, = i  12  2   j 8  1  k  4  3

3  y + 2x x  2 + 2y
2= and 1 = = 10i  9j  7k …(i)
3 3

28
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
i j k a + 2b b + 2c c + 2a 
23. (B)  
a  c = 2 3 1 a b c 
 
1 1 1
 a  2b    b  2c    c  2a 
= i  3  1  j 2  1  k  2  3 =
a b c 
 
= 4i  3j  k …(ii)
Consider,
=
 a  2b   b  c  2  b  a   2  c  c   4  c  a 
 a  b    a  c  =  10i  9i  7k    4i  3j  k  a b c 
 
…[From (i) and (ii)]
=
 a  2b   b  c  2  b  a   4  c  a 
= –40 – 27 – 7
a b c 
= –74  

ns
ˆi j kˆ  
  
   
a  b  c  2 a  b  a  4 a  c  a 
  
19. (B) u  v = 1 2 1 = 2i  2j  6k
=
   
 2 b  b  c   4 b  b  a   8 b  c  a 
       
3 0 1 a b c 

io
 
u  w = i  j a b c   8 a b c 
v  w = 3i  j =    
a b c 
 

at
Volume of parallelopiped
=9
=  u  v    u  w    v  w  
24. (D) Since, the line lies in ZOX plane, it makes an
2 2 6 angle 90 with Y-axis
= 1 1 0
lic Also, line makes angle 30 and   30 with
3 1 0 positive Z-axis and 60 and   60 with
= –2(0) – 2(0) + 6(1 + 3) positive X-axis
 d.c.s of the required line are
ub
= 24 cubic units
 cos ,  cos ,  cos 
20. (B) Let AD be the median of ABC. i.e.,  cos 60,  cos 90,  cos 30
AB  AC
AD = 1 3
2 i.e.  , 0, ±
P

2 2
8i  0j  6k

= = 4i  3k 25. (D) Volume of parallelopiped
2
=  2a  b   2b  c    2c  a  
 AD = 42  32 = 25 = 5 units
et

=  2a  b    4  b  c   2  b  a   2  c  c    c  a  
21. (C) AB = 4i 4j 2k

= 8a   b  c   4a   b  a   2a   c  a 
AC = 3ij
rg

+ 4b   b  c   2b   b  a   b   c  a 
AD = – 4 j + k
1 = 8 a b c  + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 +  b c a 
Volume =  AB AC AD 
6 
Ta

= 9 a b c  …   b c a   a b c  

4  4 2
1 = 9(3)
= 3 1 0
6 = 27 cubic units.
0 4 1
i j k
1 16
=  32 = cu. units
6 3 26. (A) b  d = 2 0 3 = 3i  3j  2k
1 1 0
22. (B) Since given vectors are collinear,
 4i 5j 6k = m  2i qj  3k c  a = 3i  j  3k
Consider,
 2m = 4  m = 2
∴ –5 = – 2q  c  a    b  d  = 3i  j  3k   3i  3j  2k 
5 = 3(3) + (–1)(3) + (–3)(–2)
q=
2 = 9 – 3 + 6 = 12
29
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

27. (C) Since the vectors are coplanar. abc
OA  OB  OC = a  b  c and g =
a b c  = 0 3
 
2 1 1  a bc = 3g …(i)
 1 2 3 = 0 Consider, OA  OB  OC  OG
3  5 = abcg
 2(10 + 3) + 1(5 + 9) + 1( – 6) = 0 = 3g  g …[From (i)]
 20 + 6 + 14 +  – 6 = 0
= 4g
 7 = –28
  = –4 = 4 OG
From the options  = –4 is the root of the
32. (A) Consider,  a  b  c    a  b    b  c    c  a  
equation x2 + 3x = 4

ns
∴ Option ‘C’ is correct. = a  a  b  a   b  c  a  c  a 
28. (C) Since the vectors are coplanar. + b  a  b  b   b  c  b  c  a 
1 1 1
+ c  a  b  c   b  c  c  c  a 

io
1 1 1 = 0
2 3 m = 0 + a b c  + 0 + 0 + 0 +  b c a 
 1(–m – 3) – 1(m – 2) + 1(3 + 2) = 0 + c a b  + 0 + 0

at
 –m – 3 – m + 2 + 5 = 0
= 3 a b c 
 –2m = –4
m=2 Comparing with k a b c  , we get
29. (D) Consider a  b b  c c  a 
lic k=3

=  a  b    b  c    c  a   33. (A) Volume of tetrahedron = 24 cubic units

1
  a  b b  c c  a   24
=  a  b    b  c  b  a  c  c  c  a 
ub
6
= a   b  c  a   b  a   a  c  a    a  b b  c c  a   144

+ b   b  c  b   b  a   b  c  a   2  a b c   144
P

= a b c  + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 +  b c a    a b c   72
= 2 a b c  …   b c a   a b c    Volume of parallelopiped =  a b c 
et

a  b b  c c  a   = 72 cubic units
Now,   = 2 a b c  = 2
b c a  a b c  34. (B) e1  e2 = 1
  
2
⇒ e1  e2 = 1
rg

30. (C) Consider,

b a  b a  ⇒  e1  e2    e1  e2   1
 
⇒ e1  e1  2e1  e2  e2  e2  1
= b   a  b   a 
Ta

⇒ 1 + 2 e1 e2 cos   1  1
= b   a  a  b   b  a  a  …  a  a  a 
2

  ⇒ 2  1  1  cos  = –1
2 2 2 1
= a b  ba ⇒ cos  =
2
= a b 1  cos 2   ⇒  = 120
2 2

35. (B) a   b  c  , b   c  a  , c   a  b 
2 2
= a b sin2


= a b sin  
2
= ab
2
 
 a  b + c = 0, b   c + a  = 0, c  a + b = 0  
 a  b  a  c  0, b  c  b  a  0, c  a  c  b  0
31. (B) Let the position vectors of A, B, C and G be
Adding the above equations, we get
a , b , c and g respectively with respect to
origin. 
2 a b  bc  ca 0 
30
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
2 2 2 2
a  b  c  a  b  c 2 a b bc  ca   Consider,  3a  b    2a  3b 
= 22 + 32 + 42 + 0 = 6  a  a   9  a  b   2  b  a   3 b  b 
= 4 + 9 + 16
2
= 0 + 9a  b  2a  b + 0
 a  b  c  29
= 7 a  b
 a  b  c  29
Hence area of required parallelogram
36. (C) According to the given condition, we get = 7  a  b  = 7  20 = 140
î j k
40. (A) a  b =  2    i   2  2  j   3    k
2 6 27 = 0
1    a  b    c = 0

ns
 i  6  27   j 2  27   k  2  6   0  (2 – )(3) + (2 + 2)(1) + (3 + )(2) = 0
 6 – 3 + 2 + 2 + 6 + 2 = 0
Comparing both the sides, we get
  = –14
27
 and  = 3

io
2 41. (C) a  b = a b sin
37. (B) Direction ratios of line joining (3, 1, 4) and 25 = 5  13 sin
(7, 2, 12) are 7 – 3, 2 – 1, 12 – 4 i.e. 4, 1, 8 12 
…      
5
sin  =  cos  =

at
2  4   2 1  1 8  13 13  2 
 cos  =
2  2 1
2 2 2
4 1  8
2 2 2
Now, a  b = a b cos
18 12 
= 5  13  
=
3 9
lic 
 13 
2 2 = –60
 cos  =  θ  c os 1  
3 3
42. (B) A(ABC)
ub
38. (D) Volume of parallelopiped 1 A(1, 2, 3) D(3, 7, 3)
= A( ABCD)
= a  2b b  2c c  2a  2
265
=  a  2b   b  2c    c  2a  =
2
P

=  a  2b   b  c   2  b  a  + 2  c  c  + 4  c  a  
B(1, 3, a) C(3, 8, 6)
= a .  b  c  + 0 + 0 +0 +0 + 8 b  c  a  1
Now, A(ABC) = AB  AC
et

2
= a b c  + 8  b c a 
AB = 0i  j  (a  3)k , AC = 2i  6j  3k
= 9 a b c  i j k
rg

= 9  4 = 36 cubic units AB  AC = 0 1  a  3
Alternate Method: 2 6 3
Volume of parallelopiped
= i  3  6a  18  j 0  2a + 6   2k
Ta

= a  2b b  2c c  2a 
1 2 0 =  6a + 21 i   2a  6  j  2k
= 0 1 2 a b c  AB  AC =  6a + 21
2
  2a  6    2 
2 2

2 0 1
1 265
 6a + 21   2a  6   4 =
2 2
= [1(1) – 2(0 – 4) + 0] a b c  2 2
= [1 + 8] a b c   (–6a + 21)2 + 4a2 – 24a + 36 + 4 = 265
 40a2 – 276a + 216 = 0
=94 …  a b c   4   10a2 – 69a + 54 = 0
= 36 cubic units  (a – 6) (10a – 9) = 0
9
39. (D) Area of parallelogram = 20 sq. units  a = 6 or a =
10
 a  b = 20 From the given options, a = 6.

31
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

43. (B) A(1, 2, 0) 47. (A)  a   b  = 1    i   2  2  j   3    k
Since a  b is perpendicular to c
  a  b   c = 0
B(1, 0, a) C(0, 3, 1)  (1 – )(3) + (2 + 2)(1) + (3 + )(0) = 0
 3 – 3 + 2 + 2 = 0
BA = 2j  ak , BC   i  3j  1  a  k =5
i j k 48. (D) Since a  kb is perpendicular to a  kb
BA  BC = 0 2 a   a  kb    a  kb  = 0
1 3 1  a  2 2
 a  k2 b = 0

ns
= (a + 2) i  a j  2k
 16 – k2(25) = 0
 BA  BC =  a + 2
2
a 2
2 2
4
k=±
1 5
  a + 2
2
 a 2  22 = 6

io
2
49. (A) Since G is the centroid of ABC
1
…[A (ABC) = BA  BC = 6] 7  p +  q + 1 8  q + 5p
2  3= ;–5= and

at
3 3
 2a2 + 4a + 8 = 24
1 5  0
 a2 + 2a – 8 = 0 r=
3
 a = –4, 2
 p + q = 1; 5p + q = –7 and r = 2
44. (A) Since, the given vectors are coplanar.
lic Solving these equations, we get
2 1 1 p = –2, q = 3 and r = 2
 1 2 3 = 0
i j k
ub
3  5
50. (B) a  b = 3 1 4 = 18i  18j  9k
 2(10 + 3) + 1(5 + 9) – 1( – 6) = 0
6 5 2
 5 = –40
  = –8  ab = 18 
2
  18    9  = 27
2 2
P

45. (C) a is a unit vector  a  1

Required vector = ±

3 ab 
Now, ab
et

 x  a    x  a  = 8 
27 2i  2j  k 
=±
2 2
27
 x  a = 8
 
rg

2
= ± 2i  2j  k

 x =9
2 2 2 2
 x =3 51. (D) a  b  a  b  a b … [Using Shortcut 1]
Ta

2
i j k  (35)2 + a  b = 26(49)
2
46. (D) v  w = 2 2 1  a  b  49
1 0 3
 a  b = ±7 or a  b = ±7
= 6i  7j  2k
 vw = 36  49  4 = 89 52. (A) u  v = u v sin 
5 
Also, u = 1  u  v = 4(5)sin  
 6 
u v w  = u  v  w
   
 u  v = 20  
1
= u v  w cos  2

The maximum value 89 is attained when  = 0.  u  v = 10

32
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
53. (B) a ˆi  a ˆj  c kˆ , ˆi  kˆ , c ˆi  c ˆj  b kˆ lie in a plane. 58. (D) a  2b  3c  0  a   2b  3c …(i)
a a c a  b   b  c  c  a     b  c
 1 0 1 =0
 ( – 1)  b  c  =  a  b    c  a  …(ii)
c c b
 a(c)  a(b  c) + c(c) = 0 =  a  b   a  c …  a  b    b  a  
 ac  ab + ac + c2 = 0 = a   b  c
 c2 = ab
=  2b  3c    b  c  …[From (i)]
 c is the geometric mean of a and b.
= 2  b  c   3 c  b 
54. (C) 2a  3b  5c  0
= 2  b  c   3 b  c 
2a  3b
c 
= 5  b  c

ns
5
3b  2a From (ii), we get
c 
3 2 –1=5
 Point C divides segment AB internally in the =6

io
ratio 3:2.
59. (B) Let a  4i  2j , b  i  4j  3k

a  b a and c   i  5j  k

at
55. (B) Vector projection of b on a = 2
a BA  a  b  3i  6j  3k and
 
a  b = 3iˆ  2jˆ  5kˆ  7iˆ  5jˆ  kˆ  lic BC  c  b   2i  j  4k
= 3(7) + 2(–5) + 5(–1) = 6 BA  BC = 3(–2) + (–6)(1) + 3(4)
2 2
a = 3 + 2 + 5 = 38
2 2  BA  BC = 0
 BA is perpendicular to BC

6 3iˆ  2ˆj  5kˆ  
ub
 Vector projection of b on a =  mABC =
38 2
9i  6ˆj  15kˆ
ˆ
i j k
=
19
60. (D) p  a  b = 2 1 2 = 2i  2j  k
P

ab 1 1 0
56. (A) cos  =
a b p = 4  4  1 = 3, a = 4 1 4 = 3
1
et

 cos  = 
2 p  c  p c sin  
6
2
=
 3 = 3 c  
1
3
rg

2
57. (B) Here, a  i  j  k , b  i  j  2k and  c =2
c  xi   x  2  j  k Now, c  a = 3
Ta

Let c  ma  nb  c  2a  c  a = 9
2 2

  
 xi   x  2  i  k  m i  j  k  n i  j  2k   4 – 2 a  c + 9 = 9
xi   x  2  j  k   m + n  i   m  n  j   m + 2n  k
 ac = 2
Comparing the coefficients, we get
x=m+n …(i) 61. (A) Let point R  r  divides the line segment PQ
x–2=m–n …(ii) externally in the ratio 1 : 2.
–1 = m + 2n …(iii)
r =
  
1 i  j  k  2 i  2j  k 
On solving (i) and (ii), we get
1 2
m = x – 1 and n = 1
3i  3j  3k
 
Substituting these values in (iii), we get  r =
1
x – 1 + 2 = –1
 x = –2  r = 3i  3j  3k


33
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

62. (C) Given: p = 4, q = –5, r = 7  
67. (D) Let  = ,= and  = 
 4i  5j  7k is a vector and its projection on 3 4
the co-ordinate axes are 4, 5 and 7. cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = 1
 
 Sum of the lengths of projections  cos 2    cos 2    cos 2  = 1
= 4 + 5 + 7 = 16 units 3 4
1 1
 + + cos2 = 1
63. (B) a  b = a  2  a  b   b
2 2 2
4 2
2 2 1
 a  b = 9 – 2(5) + 4 = 3  cos  =
4
 ab = 3 1
 cos  = 
2
64. (B) Let a  2i  3j  6k  2

ns
= or …[   (0, )]
Since a and b are collinear. 3 3

 b  a
  
68. (A) a  b = 2i  2j  3k   i  2j  k 
 b  2i  3j  6 k …(i)

io
=  2    i   2  2  j   3    k
b = 14 …[Given]
a   b is perpendicular to c .
 4 2  9 2  362 = 14  a  b   c = 0

at
 7 = ±14
 (2 – )(3) + (2 + 2)(1) + (3 + )(0) = 0
  = ±2
 6 – 3 + 2 + 2 = 0

 b = ± 4i  6j  12k …[From (i)] 
lic =8
65. (B) Since the vectors are coplanar. 69. (A) Given a  r = 3
 1 1 ar  b

ub
1  1 =0
Let r  xi  y j  zk
1 1 
i j k
R1 – R2, R2 – R3
   1     1 0 ar = 1 1 1
P

 0    1   1 = 0
  x y z
1 1  = (z – y) i – j (z – x) + k (y – x)
1 1 0 Given a  r  b
et

 ( – 1) 0 1 1 = 0
 (z – y) i – (z – x) j + (y – x) k = j – k
1 1 
Comparing
 ( – 1) [1( + 1) + 1(1)] = 0
rg

z–y=0 …(i)
 ( – 1) ( + 2) = 0 z – x = –1 …(ii)
  = –2, 1 y – x = –1 …(iii)
 Sum of distinct values of  = –2 + 1 = –1 Also, a  r = 3
Ta

66. (D) Area of parallelogram = 15 sq. units i  j  k   xi  yj  zk  = 3
 a  b = 15 …(i) x+y+z=3 …(iv)
Now, area of required parallelogram is given by Solving equations (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
A=  3a  b    a  3b  x=
5
3
2
,y= ,z=
3
2
3
= 9a  b   b  a  5 2 2
 r = i  j  k
3 3 3
= 8a  b  
…  a  b   b  a 
70. (B) The vector perpendicular to both vectors
= 8ab
  
containing i  j  k and i  2j  3k is 
= 8  15 …[From (i)]
 A = 120 sq. units   
= i  j  k  i  2j  3k 
34
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
i j 
k Magnitude of c = 32   6    2 
2 2

= 1 1 1
= 49
1 2 3 =7

= i  2j  k  Unit vector in direction of diagonal c is

Therefore, the magnitude of the projection of c
= 

vector 2i  j  k on i  2j  k is    c

=
 2i  j  k  i  2j  k  =
2  2 1
=
1  
7

3i  6 j  2k 
12   2   1 6
2 2
3 6 2
= i  j  k
7 7 7
1
=

ns
6 73. (B) Let the position vector of A, B, C, D, E, F be
a, b, c, d, e, f respectively.
71. (B) Given: a = 1, b = 4 and a  b = 2,
bc ca ab
 d , e , f
c  2a  b  3b 2 2 2

io
2 2 2 2  1
Now that, a  b = a b  a  b Now, AD  BE  CF
3 3
…[Using Shortcut 1] 2

= da  eb  f c
1
  

at
2
 ab = 16 – 4 = 12 3 3
bc 2 c  a  1 a  b 
Given that c  2a  b  3b = a   b    c
2 3 2  3  2 
 
2 2
c = 2a  b  3b
2 2 2
lic =
b  c  2a c  a  2b a  b  2c
 
c = 4 ab + 9 b 2 3 6
2 3c  3a
c = 4(12) + 9(16) =
6
ub
2
c = 192 3
= ca
6
 
c = 8 3
1
= AC
Now, b  c  b   2a  b  3b  2
P

 b  c   3 b = –48
2
74. (C)  a  b   c =  a  c  b   b  c  a
Angle between b and c is given by But,  a  b   c = 5a  4b
et

cos  =
 
bc
=
48     
5a  4b  a  c b  b  c a
b c 4  8 3 Comparing, we get
a c = 4
rg

 3
cos  =
2  a   b  c =  a  c b   a  b c
 3 = 4b  3c …[ a  b = 3 (given)]
 = cos 1  
Ta

 2 
75. (D) Let r  ai  bj  ck
5
= As r is perpendicular to q .
6
   rq = 0
72. (A) Let a and b be the adjacent sides of a
 a – 2b + c = 0 …(i)
parallelogram, where
 Also, r is coplanar with vectors p and q
a  2i  4j  5k
  p q
 r  = 0
b  i  2j  3k
 1 1 1
Let diagonal be c
    1 2 1 = 0
cab a b c

c = 2i  4j  5k  i  2j  3k
 3a – 3c = 0
= 3i  6j  2k a–c=0

35
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

a=c …(ii) Consider option (B),
From (i) and (ii), we get For d = 90i  3j  42k
b=c
c  d = (2) (90) + (–1) (–3) + (4) (–42)
 r  i  j  k = 180 + 3 – 168 = 15
Now, the magnitude of required vector is  Option (B) is correct.
5 3 units.
r
  
79. (A) a  b = i  j  k  3i  2j  5k 
 Required vector = 5 3 
r = 4i  j  6k

= 5 3
i  j  k   
a  b = i  j  k  3i  2j  5k 
3 = 2i  3j  4k

 
= 5 i  j k 
  Vector perpendicular to  a  b  and  a  b  is

ns
76. (A) Given: i j k

a  4i  13j  18k 4 1 6 = 14i  4j  10k

b  i  2j  3kˆ 2 3 4

io
c  2i  3j  4k  Required unit vector is
14i  4j  10k 14i  4j  10k
Also, a  mb + nc =

at
 14   42  10  312
2 2
 4i  13j  18k
  
= m i  2j  3k  n 2i  3j  4k
lic  80. (D) a  2i  j  2k , b  i  j
 4i  13j  18k  a  4 1 4 = 3

=  m + 2n  i   2m + 3n  j   3m  4n  k i j k

Comparing, we get a  b = 2 1 2 = 2i  2j  k

m + 2n = 4 and –2m + 3n = 13 1 1 0
ub
Solving above equations, we get
m = –2 and n = 3  ab = 4  4 1 = 3
 m + n = –2 + 3 = 1 
Angle between c and a  b is …[Given]
6
P

77. (C) Let a  ˆi  6ˆj  10kˆ ,

b  ˆi  3jˆ  7kˆ ,  sin

=
a  b  c
6 ab c
c  5iˆ  ˆj  kˆ ,
et

1 3
d  7iˆ  4ˆj  7kˆ   c =2
2 3 c
 AB  2iˆ  3jˆ  3kˆ
Now, c  a = 4 …[Given]
AC  4iˆ  5jˆ +    10  kˆ
rg

2 2

AD  6iˆ  2ˆj  3kˆ  c  a – 2 a  c = 16

1  4 + 9 – 2 a  c = 16
 Volume of tetrahedron =  AB AC AD 
Ta

6 
 ac =
3
2 3 3 2
1
 11 = 4 5   10 81. (B) Area of the parallelogram is a  b
6
6 2 3
 a  b = 16
1
 11 = {–2 (–15 – 2 + 20) –3 (–12 – 6 + 60)  Area of the required parallelogram
6
–3(8 – 30)} =  3a  2b    a  3b 
=7
= 3 a  a   9  a  b   2  b  a   6  b  b 
78. (B) Here, c  2i  j  4k
= 0 + 9 ab – 2 ab + 0
And given that c  d = 15
We verify given options one by one to satisfy = 7 ab
the above condition. = 7  16 = 112

36
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
82. (D) According to the given condition, we get  is the angle of rotation of AD.
 a  b   c = 0  The angle between side AB and AD
=+
 
  2  2  i   3    j   2    k   3i  j = 0 = 90 …[Given]
 3(2 + 2) – (3 + ) = 0  cos ( + ) = cos (90)
 6 + 6 – 3 –  = 0  cos  cos  – sin  sin  = 0
 3 + 5 = 0  8 cos  = 17 sin 
=
3  64 cos2 = 17(1 – cos2)
5  81 cos2 = 17
83. (A) Note that only for option (A), 17
 cos  =
9
i.e., for  = 1 and  = 1, c  3 holds true.

ns
Option (A) is correct. 87. (C) Let A ≡ (1, 2, 0), B ≡ (1, 0, 2) and C ≡ (0, x, 1)
 AB   2 j  2k and AC  i   x  2 j  k
84. (A) If angle between b and c is  and
1
b  c = 15 Area of ABC = AB  AC = 6
2

io
 b c sin  = 15 i j k
AB  AC = 0 2 2
15
 sin  =

at
1 x  2 1
4

 cos  =
1 = i 2  2  x  2   j 0  2  k  0  2
4
=  2  2x  i  2j  2k
Now, b – 2 c =  a
lic 1
 b  2c = 2 a
2 2
 AB  AC = 6
2
2 2
 b + 4 c  4 b . c = 2 a
2
1
 2  2x  4  4 =
2
 6
ub
2
 16 + 4 – 4 { b c cos}= 42  (2 – 2x)2 = 16
1  4 – 8x + 4x2 = 16
 16 + 4 – 4  4  1  = 42  x2 – 2x – 3 = 0
4
P

 2 = 4  (x – 3) (x + 1) = 0
  = 2  x = 3 or –1

85. (A) Centroid of tetrahedron 88. (C) u = 1, v = 2, w = 3

et

1  3  2  1 2  2  1  2 3  1  3  4 
≡  , , 
According to the given condition,
 4 4 4  (Projection of v along u )

≡  , , 
3 1 11 = (Projection of w along u )
rg

4 4 4  vu wu
 
86. (B) Let  be the angle between AB and AD u u
AB  AD  vu  wu
Ta

 cos  =
AB AD   w  v  u =0 …(i)

=
 
2i  10j  11k  i  2j  2k  Now consider, u  v  w = uwv
2

4  100  121 1  4  4
 
2 2
2  20  22 = u  w  v  2u  w  v
=
225 9 2
1
2
=  wv 0 …[From (i)]
40
=
= 1  w  v  2w  v
2 2
45
8
= = 1 9  4  0
9
2 …[ w and v are perpendicular]
17
 sin  = 1    =
8
= 14
9 9

37
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

89. (D)  a  d    b  c  =  b  d  c  a  = 0 ab
94. (D) Projection of b in the direction of a =
AD  BC = BD  CA = 0 a
 AD  BC and BD  CA    
    
 2i  3 j – 4k   i – j – k 
A =    
2  3   –4 
2 2 2

23 4 3
= =
D 4  9  16 29

95. (D) Let B  (x1, y1, z1)

B C Co-ordinates of centroid
 D is the orthocentre of ABC.  1  x1  5 4  y1  7 2  z1  1 
 , , 

ns
 3 3 3 
90. (C) Consider option (C)
    4 –2   6  x y  3 3  z 
3i  2j  6k    8i  3j82 3k  = 0   ,0,    1
, 1 , 1

3 3   3 3 3 
 
 x1 = –2, y1 = 3, z1 = –5

io
This is valid for only option (C)
 B  (–2, 3, –5)
 Option (C) is correct.
–2  5 3 – 7 5  1 
Midpoint side BC =  , , 
91. (C) AB   4i  3j  2k  2 2 2 

at
AC  i  j 3 
=  , –2, –2 
AD   2i   x  3 k 2 

4 3 2  

Volume =
1
1 1 0
lic 96. (C) a = 1. i  2p j
 
6 = i  2p j
2 0 x  3
11 = 4(x – 3) + 3(x – 3) – 2(–2) Let b be the vector obtained on rotation with
ub
 11 = 7x – 17 components 1 and (p + 1). Then,
 
 x=4 b = i   p +1 j
92. (D) u  v = u v sin(150) a = b
P

1 …[Magnitude remains unchanged after rotation]

= 8  12 
2 2 2
 a = b
= 48
 1 + (2p)2 = 1 + (p + 1)2
et

  
93. (C) b  c =  2  λ  i – 2 j  2k  4p2 = p2 + 2p + 1
b+c  3p2 – 2p – 1 = 0
Unit vector =  (3p + 1)(p – 1) = 0
b+c
rg

1
   p=  or p = 1
=
2  λ i – 2 j  2k 3
 2  λ     2   22
2 2

97. (A)  a  b    a  b   4  a  b 
2 2
Ta

  
 2  λ  i – 2 j  2k
= a  a   a  b   b  a    b  b  4a  b
2 2
=
λ  4λ  12
2

= a  b –  b  a   4a  b
2 2
According to the given condition,
   

   2  λ  i  2 j  2k 

= 2a  b  4a  b …  a  b   b  a     
  2 2
 i  2 j  k . =1
  λ 2  4λ  12  
 
= 4 a  b  4a  b
2 2


2  λ  4  2 =1
= 4  a  b   a  b  
2 2
λ 2  4λ  12
 
  = λ 2  4λ  12 2 2

 2 = 2 + 4 + 12 = 4a b
 4 = –12 = 4(4)2(3)2
  = –3 = 576
38
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
  
98. (B) Let r = x i  y j  z k 101. (B) a  2b  2c = 0
ra = b  a  2c = –2b
   Squaring on both sides, we get
i j k 2 2 2
a  4a  c  4 c = 4 b
 x y z = b
2 3 4  1  4 a c cosθ  4 = 4
   1
  4 y  3z  i –  4 x  2z  j   3x  2 y  k  cos  = 
4
  
= i –2jk 15
 sin  =
4
4 y – 3z  1 
 4 x – 2z  2  … (i) a  c = a c sin θ

ns
3 x – 2 y  1   15 
= 11  4 
rc = 3  

  x i  y j  z k    i  j – k  = 3
     
15

io
    = 4
x+y–z=3 …(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get 102. (C) Given a  3, b  1, c  2

at
x = 5, y = 7, z = 9
  
 
a  a  c  3b = 0
 r = 5i  7 j  9k
  a  c  a –  a  a  c  3b = 0
 r = 52  7 2  9 2
lic   a  c  a – 3c = 3b …  a  a  a  3
 
2

= 155
  a  c  a – 3c = 3b
  
i j k
  a  c  a – 3c = 3b
2 2
ub
  
99. (D) OP  OQ = 2 1 3 = – i – 7 j  3k
  a  c  a  9 c  6 a  c  a  c  = 9 b
2 2 2
–1 1 2

  a  c  a  9 c – 6  a  c  a  c  = 9 b
   2 2 2 2
i j k
P

  

  a  c  a – 6  9 c = 9 b
PQ  PR = –3 0 –1 = i – 5 j – 3k 2 2 2 2

–1 1 –2
  a  c   3 – 6   9  2   9 1
2 2 2
et

Angle between the faces OPQ and PQR is

 3  a  c  = –27
2
   
   

 – i – 7 j  3k    i – 5 j – 3k 
cos  =    
  a  c = 9
2
rg

 –1   –7   32 12   –5    –3
2 2 2 2

–1  35 – 9  a  c = 3
=
59 35  a c cosθ = 3
Ta

 cos  =
25
59 35
  3   2  cosθ = 3
 25  3
  = cos –1   cosθ = 
 2
 59 35 
2
 secθ = 
100. (C) Since ABC is right angled at A, 3
AB  AC = 0 4
 sec θ =
2

3
  – i – j  8 – x  k    –2 i – 3 j   2  x  k  = 0
     

   
103. (B) c  a = 2 2
 2 + 3 + (8 – x) (2 – x) = 0
 c  a  2  a  c = 8
2 2
 x2 – 10x + 21 = 0
 (x – 3) (x – 7) = 0 2

 x = 3 or x = 7  c 92 c = 8 …  a  c  c  given  

39
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

  1       
2
 c 1 = 0  c b =   i – j – k i  j – k
2   
 c =1 1
=  1 – 1  1
2
Now,  a  b  c = a  b c sin
2π
3 1
= 
 3 2
= a  b 1  
 2  106. (C) Let a  Cxi  6j  3k and
3 3 b  xi  2j  2Cx k
=
2 Angle between a and b is obtuse.
…  a  b  2 i  2 j  k 
  
 a  b < cos 180
   ab < 0

ns
104. (A) a  b = a b cos 60o  Cx2 – 12 – 6Cx < 0
 Cx2 – 6cx – 12 < 0
1  C < 0 and D < 0
=  2  3  
2    C < 0 and 36C2 + 48C < 0

io
=3  C < 0 and 3C2 + 4C < 0
b  c = b c cos 60o  C < 0, C(3C + 4) < 0
4

at
1  C < 0,  <C<0
=  3 5   3
2  
 C =   , 0 
4
15  3 
=
2
a  c = a c cos 60o
lic 107. (C) A  X  B
 A  A  X  A  B
1
=  2  5    A  X A  A  AX  A  B
2  
ub
2
=5  CA  A X  A  B …  A  X  C 
= a  b  c  2 a  b  b  c  c  a
2 2 2 2
 a b c
CA  A  B
 X 2
 15  A
P

= 22  32  52  2  3   5
 2 
= 4 + 9 + 25 + 31  
108. (D) i  a  i
= 69
= i  i  a   i  a  i
et

 a  b  c = 69
= 1 i  2j  3k   i  i  2j  3k   i
105. (D) Given, b  c = b  a  
rg

 b   c  a = 0 = i  2j  3k  i
= 2j  3k
 b is parallel to  c  a  .
     
j  a  j = j  j a  j  a j
Ta

 c  a = λb for some scalar 

 c = a  λb … (i) = i  3k
 c a = a  a  λ b  a      
k  a  k = k  k a  k  a k

 0 = a  λ  b  a
2
…  c  a  0 (given)  = i  2j
 b = 2j  3k  i  3k  i  2j
 0 = 6 + 4
3 = 2i  4j  6k
= 
2  b = 4  16  36 = 56 = 2 14
Substituting the value of  in (i), we get
  
 3    109. (C) a  27 , b = 7 and a  b = 35
c = i  2 j – k i  j – k
  2  We know that
1   
=  i – j – k a  b = a b sin θ
2 

40
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
ab 35 5  ma  m 2  b  c   m 2 a  b  a   ma  c  a 
 sin  = = =
a b 27  7 27    
 b  m 2 b  c  b.m b  a  b  c  a  
 cos  = 1 
25
=
2 = 28 a b c 
27 27
 m3 a b c    b a c  = 28 a b c 
Now, a  b = a b cosθ
 m3 + 1 = 28
= 27  7 
2
7 2  m3 = 27
27 m=3

110. (C) Let d  piˆ  q ˆj  r kˆ , where p, q, r  R 113. (A) Let r and s be the position vectors of points
R and S respectively.
As b, c, d are coplanar, we get

ns
3p + 2q 3p  2q
 r = and s =
0 1 1 3 2 3 2
1 0 1 0 As OS and OR are perpendicular, we get
p q r r s = 0

io
 –1(–r – p) –1(–q) = 0  3p+2q  3p  2q 
    =0
 p+q+r=0 …(i)  5  1 
Also, given that a and d are perpendiculars.  9p2 – 6pq + 6pq – 4q2 = 0

at
 a d  0  9p2 = 4q2
 pq 0       
114. (C) Let a = 2 j  k, b  2 i, c  2 i  2k
 p=q …(ii)
Among the given options only option (C)
lic 

AB = –2 i – 2 j – k,
 

satisfies equations (i) and (ii) 

BC = 2k
111. (B) Given, 
AC = –2 i – 2 j  k
 
ub
Vectors a and b are not perpendicular
 AB = 3, BC = 2, AC = 3
 ab  0
a d  0 Incentre of ABC is given by
bc  bd AB c  BC a  AC b
P

 a   b  c  a   b  d  AB  BC  AC

 a  c b  a  b c  a  d  b  a  b d     
  
3  –2 i  2k   2(2 j  k)  3  –2 i 
et

=    
 a  b d   a  c  b  a  b c 3 23
  

 d
 
 a c b
c =
–12 i  4 j  8k
rg

ab 8
3 1 
 a c  = – i  jk
 d  c b 2 2
ab
Ta

115. (C) Given

112. (B)  ma  b mb  c mc  a  = 28 a b c  s  4p  3q  5r

  ma  b   mb  c    mc  a   s =  p  q  r  x   p  q  r  y   p  q  r  z

= 28 a b c  4p  3q  5r =   x  y  z  p   x  y  z  q
 x  y  z r
  ma  b 
Comparing, we get
    
m2 b  c  m b  a  m c  c  c  a 
      –x + y – z = 4 …(i)
= 28 a b c  x–y–z=3 …(ii)
x+y+z=5 …(iii)
  ma  b   m 2  b  c   m  b  a    c  a   Solving (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
9 7
= 28 a b c  x = 4, y = ,z=
2 2

41
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

9 7 118. (A) Since a bisects the angle between b and c .
 2x + y + z = 2(4) + –
2 2  The equation of bisector of b and c is
= 2(4) + 1 a = λ(bˆ  c)
ˆ
=9
 ˆi  ˆj ˆj  kˆ 
 αiˆ  2ˆj  βkˆ = λ   
i j k
 2 2 

116. (B) a  b = 2 1 2 λ ˆ ˆ ˆ
 αiˆ  2ˆj  βkˆ = (i  2 j  k)
1 1 0 2
On comparing, we get
= 2i  2j  k
λ λ
α= ,2= 2λ and β =
ab = 4  4 1 = 3 …(i) 2 2
ca = 2 2   = 1,  = 1

ns
i j k
 c  a = 8
2

119. (B) a  b = 3  1
2
 c  a  2c  a = 8
2
1  3

io
2
 c 92c = 8 …  a  c  c  = 4i  8j  4 k
2 Area of parallelogram = a  b

at
 c  2 c 1 = 0
 8 3 = 16 2  64  16 2
 
2
 c 1 = 0
 8 3 = 32 2  64
Squaring on both sides, we get
 c=1
lic
…(ii)
192 = 322 + 64
Now,  a  b   c  322 = 128
 2 = 4
= a  b  c sin 60
  
ub
a  b = 3i  j  k  i  j  3k
 3
= (3)(1)   …[From (i) and (ii)] =3– +3 2
 2 
=6–4
=
3 3 =2
P

2
120. (D) a  c  1
10
117. (C) Projection of a on c is π
3 a  c = a c cos
et

3
a c 10 1
  =11
c 3 2

 i  3j  k   i  2j  2k   10 1

rg

=
 2
1 4  4
  3 2   1 2 
3

  
Now, a  b  c   a  c  5 …[Given]
10
 =
     
Ta

9 3   a  c b  a  b c  a  c  5
  8 10

3

3
1
   
  b  a  b c  a  c  5
2 

=2
b  c  6i  10j  7k

1
2
    
b ac  a b c ac  5 
i j k  b   a  c   10
 3  4   6i  10j  7k   b a c   10
1 2 2
   a b c   10
 (2 – 8) i  10j   6    k = 6i  10j  7k
  a b c   10
6+=7=1
2 + 2 –  = 4 + 1 – 2 = 3  5 a b c   50

42
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
121. (B) Let position vectors of A, B, C be 125. (A) As vectors a, b, c are mutually orthogonal,
0, a + 2b, a – 2b we get
1  
Area of ABC = AB  AC a c  0
2
  – 1 + 2 = 0
=
1
2

a  2b a  2b     + 2 = 1 …(i)
and b  c  0
1
= a  a  a  2b  2b  a  2b  b  2 + 4 +  = 0
2
 2 +  = –4 …(ii)
1
= 2b  a  2b  a Solving (i) and (ii), we get
2
 = –3,  = 2
1
= 4 ba
2 126. (C) a  i  j  k , b  i  j  k and c  i  j  k

ns
=223 v is in the plane of a and b .
= 12 sq. units. v  ma  nb

122. (D) a  3 , b  4 and c  5  v   m + n  i   m  n  j   m + n  k …(i)

io
   
a  b  c  0 , b  c  a  0 and c  a  b  0   Projection of v on c =
vc
=
1
c 3
 2a  b  b  c  c  a  = 0 …(i)

at
 m + n 1   m  n  1   m + n  1 1
Now,  =
111 3
 
2 2 2 2
a  b  c = a  b  c  2 a b  bc  ca  –m + n = 1
n=1+m
2
 a  b  c = 9 + 16 + 25 + 0
lic
…[From (i)]
v   2m + 1 i  j   2m + 1 k …[From (i)]
2
 a  b  c = 50 When m = 1 then v  3i  j  3k
 abc = 5 2
ub
1 1
127. (A) mPQ = , mSR = , mRQ = 3, mSP = 3
6 6
123. (C) | a | = 1, | b | = 2, | c | = 3
S(3, 2) R(3, 3)
[a  b  c b a c]
P

   
= a  b  c ( [ b  a c ]

=  a  b  c (  b  c  a  c
et

= [a b c] – [b a c]
= 2 [a b c] P(2, 1) Q(4, 0)

  PQRS is a parallelogram.
rg

= 2a  b  c
But neither PR = SQ nor PR SQ.
 a  b and c   Parallelogram, which is neither a rhombus
= 2 | a | | b  c | cos 0( … 
 a b  c  nor a rectangle.
Ta

= 2| a | | b  c | 
128. (A) PQ = 2i  3j  2k  i  2j  3k 
= 2 | a | | b | | c | sin 90( …  b  c 
= 3i  5j  k
=2(1(2(3
= 12

QR = – 8i  13j  2i  3j  2k 
= 6i  10j  2k
124. (A) 2a  b  3c
= (2 – 4 + 3) î + (2 + 2 – 6) ĵ + (2 – 3 + 3) k̂
 
= 2 3i  5j  k = 2PQ
 QR is a scalar multiple of PQ .
= ˆi  2jˆ  2kˆ
 QR and PQ are parallel to each other with
 Required vector is the multiple of the above point Q in common.
vector and has magnitude 6 units.  Points P, Q and R are collinear and Q lies
Option (A) satisfies this condition. between P and R.
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 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

129. (B) D C 131. (C) a  b b  c c  a 


=  a  b    b  c  c  a  
c b
=  a  b    b  c   a  c    b  c   c  a

B =  a  b    b  c   a  c ….   b  c   c  0 
A a
=  a  b   c   b  c   a 
a  3i  j  k and c  2i  j  2k
In ABC, = a b c  a b c  ….  a b c    b c a  
a  b  c …[Using triangle law of addition] 2

 b = ca = a b c 

 

ns
= 2i  j  2k  3i  j  k  =1

= i  k a  i a  j a  k a1 a2 a3
i j k
132. (B)  b  i b  j b  k   b1 b2 b3

io
a  b = 3 1 1 = i  4j  k c1 c2 c3
c  i c  j c  k
1 0 1
=   a b c
 Area of parallelogram = a  b

at
3a  b 3b  c 3c  a 
= 1  16  1  
= 18
lic 
=  3a  b    3b  c    3c  a  
=  3a  b    9  b  c   3  b  a   3  c  c    c  a  
= 3 2 sq. units
130. (A) a , b , c are coplanar vectors.
=  3a  b    9  b  c   3  b  a   0   c  a  
  a b c  = 0
= 27a   b  c   0  0  0  0  b   c  a 
ub
Let   2 a  b,   2b  c and   2c  a .
Then, = 27 a b c    b c a 
2 1 0
= 27 a b c   a b c 
   
 α  γ   0 2 1  a b c 
P

1 0 2 = 28 a b c 
  α β γ   7  a b c   7(0)  0   = 28
et

Evaluation Test

1. (B) c  a  2 2 2. (A) Let c  (c1 , c2 , c3 ), then

rg

 c  a  2a c  8
2 2 | c |  | a |  | b |  2  c12  c22  c32
It is given that the angles between the vectors
Ta

are identical and equal to  (say), then

2
 c 92 c 8 … a  c  c (given) 
ab 0 1 0 1
cos    
 
2
 c 1  0 a b 2 2 2

a c c1  c2 1
 c 1 Now,   and
a c 2 2
Now,
bc c 2  c3 1
 
 
a  b  c  a  b c sin 30 b c 2 2

 c1  c 2  1,c 2  c3  1 and c12  c22  c32  2

 a bc    1
2
ab 
3
2 On solving the equation, we get
1 4 1
…  a  b  2iˆ  2ˆj  kˆ  c1  1,  ;c 2  0, ;c3  1, 
3 3 3

44
 

Chapter 5: Vectors
Hence co-ordinates of c are (1, 0, 1) or a 1 1
 1 4 1  7. (D) Since 1 b 1  0
 , , .
 3 3 3  1 1 c
Trick: Obviously, length of the vector (1, 0, 1) Applying R2  R2  R1 and R3  R3  R1,
i.e., i  k is equal to length of a and b. Also it we get
makes equal angle with a and b and equal to a 1 1
 1 a b 1 0  0
that of between a and b i.e. , .
3 1 a 0 c 1
 a(b  1)(c  1)  (1  a)(c  1)  (1  a)(b  1)  0
2 2 2
3. (D) a  b  a  b  a b …[Using Shortcut 1] Dividing by (1  a)(1  b)(1  c),
a 1 1
  0

ns
 42 + 22 = a b
2 2
we get ….(i)
1 a 1 b 1 c
2 2 1 1 1
 a b  20 Consider,  
1 a 1 b 1 c
1 a

io
=  ….[From (i)]
4. (B) Since a  b and b  c are collinear with 1 a 1 a
c and a respectively =1

at
 a  b  tc …(i) 8. (C) Volume of the parallelopiped formed by
vectors is
b  c  sa …(ii) 1 a 1
From (i) and (ii), we get i.e., V = 0 1 a = 1  a + a3
a  c  tc  sa  a(1  s)  c(1  t)
lic a 0 1
dV d 2V
But a and c are non-collinear  = 1 + 3a2, = 6a
da da 2
 1 + s = 0, 1 + t = 0  s = 1, t = 1
ub
dV
Substituting value of t in (i) and value of s in For max. or min. of V, =0
da
(ii), we get
1
a  b  c and b  c  a  a2 =
3
P

Hence, a  b  c  0 .  a=
1
3
5. (B) Given, r  1 r 1   2 r 2  3 r 3 2
dV 1
= 6a > 0 for a =
et

 2a  3b  4c  (1   2   3 )a da 2 3
1
 (1   2   3 )b  (1   2   3 )c  V is minimum for a =
3
 1   2   3  2, 1   2   3 = 3,
rg

9. (C) Given, a  b  b  c = c  a = 0
1   2  3  4
The scalar triple product of three vectors is
7 1 [ a b c ] = (a  b)  c
 1  , 2 = 1, 3 = 
Ta

2 2
 a b  0  ab
 1 + 3 = 3
 angle between a and b is  = 90
1 Similarly, [ a b c ] = | a | | b |n.c ˆ where n̂ is a
6. (A) aˆ  aˆ 1, bˆ  bˆ 1, cˆ  cˆ  1, aˆ  bˆ  bˆ  cˆ  cˆ  aˆ 
2 normal vector.
1 1  n̂ and c are parallel to each other
1
aˆ  aˆ aˆ  bˆ aˆ  cˆ 2 2  [ a b c ] = | a | | b | | nˆ |.| c |  | a | | b | | c | .
 a b c   bˆ  aˆ bˆ  bˆ bˆ  cˆ  1
2 1 1
   1 
2 2 2 10. (D) Given, r  b = c  b
cˆ  aˆ cˆ  bˆ cˆ  cˆ 1 1
1  r  c  b = 0
2 2
1  r  c is parallel to b
 a b c  
  cubic units  r  c =  b for some scalar 
2

45
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

 r = c  b …(i) 14. (C) Since cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 1
 
 r  a = c.a +  b  a    
 cos2   + cos2   + cos2 = 1
4  4 
 0 = c  a +   b  a  ….  r  a  0(given)  1 1
 cos2 = 1  
a c 2 2
= 
ab  cos2 = 0   =
2
Substituting the value of  in (i), we get
a c 15. (D) Since a + 2b is collinear with c , and b + 3c is
r= c b
ab collinear with a .
a c  a + 2b = x c and b + 3c = y a  x, y  R
 r b = cb  (b  b)
ab  a + 2b + 6c = (x + 6) c

ns
(4)
 r  b 1  2=9 Also, a + 2b + 6c = a  2(b  3c) = (1 + 2y) a
1
 (x + 6) c = (1 + 2y) a
11. (C) Let c  2iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ Since a and c are non-collinear.

io
 a c  c b  x + 6 = 0 and 1 + 2y = 0
 a  c   b  c   a  b   c  0   a  b  || c  x =  6 and y = 
1

at
2
Let  a  b    c Now, a + 2b = x c
 a b   c  29  |  | . 29   = 1
lic  a + 2b + 6c = 0

 a  b = (2iˆ  3jˆ  4k)

ˆ 16. (C) Let position vector of Q be r

 
Now,  a  b  . 7iˆ  2ˆj  3kˆ  (14  6  12)
Since p divides PQ in the ratio 3 : 4
3r  4(3p  q)
=4  = p
ub
3 4
12. (B) Given,  7 p = 3 r + 12 p + 4 q
l a  mb  nc l b  mc  na l c  ma  nb   0
   – 5p – 4q = 3 r
 l a  mb  nc na  l b  mc ma  nb  l c  0
P

1
 r=
3
5p  4q 
l m n
 n l m  a b c   0 17. (D) A(3, 2, 0)
et

m n l 
l m n 13
3
 n l m 0 ....   a b c   0 
rg

m n l
 l3 + m3 + n3  3lmn = 0
B(5, 3, 2) D C (–9, 6, –3)
 (l + m + n) (l2 + m2 + n2  lm  mn  nl) = 0
Ta

l+m+n=0 By distance formula,

13. (B) Let the d.r.s of the line perpendicular to both AB = (5  3)2  (3  2) 2  (2  0) 2
the lines be a, b, c.
= 4 1 4 = 9=3
d.r.s of lines is 1, 1, 0 and 2, 1, 1
 ab=0 ….(i) AC = (3  9)  (2  6) 2  (0  3)2
2

2a  b + c = 0 ….(ii) = 144  16  9 = 169 = 13

On solving (i) and (ii), we get  Point D divides seg BC in the ratio of 3 : 13
a

b c

 By section formula,
1 1 1 mx  nx1 my2  ny1 mz 2  nz1 
D   2 , , 
 d.r.s of the line are 1, 1, 1  mn mn mn 
1 1 1 3( 9)  13(5) 3(6)  13(3) 3( 3)  13(2) 
 the required d.c.s are , ,   , , 
3 3 3  3  13 3  13 3  13 

46
 

Chapter 5: Vectors


 27  65 18  39 9  26 
, , 

BC = 3iˆ  5jˆ  3kˆ  4iˆ  7ˆj  kˆ 
 16 16 16 
= ˆi  2ˆj  2kˆ
 38 57 17 
 , ,  Since AD  BC .
 16 16 16 
 19 57 17  AD . BC = 0
 , , 
 8 16 16   2  3   5  7   2 
  (1)    (2)    (2)  0
  1    1    1
18. (C) A(x1, y1, z1)  2  3  10  14  4 = 0
7
  12  21 = 0   = 
(l, 0, 0) (0, 0, n) 4
  7  7  7 
 3  4   4 5   4   7 3  4   1 

ns
 D    ,   ,   
  7 1 7
 1
7
  1 
B(x2, y2, z2) (0, m, 0) C(x3, y3, z3)  4 4 4
 
x1 + x2 = 2l, x2 + x3 = 0, x3 + x1 = 0  21  16 35  28 21  4   5 7 17 
 , ,   , , 

io
On solving we get x1 = l, x2 = l, x3 = l  7  4 7  4 7  4   3 3 3 
y1 + y2 = 0, y2 + y3 = 2m, y3 + y1 = 0
On solving we get y1 = m, y2 = m, y3 = m 20. (A)  =  = 2

at
z1 + z2 = 0, z2 + z3 = 0, z3 + z1 = 2n 
  = ,  =
On solving we get z1 = n, z3 = n, z2 = n 2
 A(l, m, n), B(l, m, n), C(l, m, n) Since cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = 1
By distance formula, 
AB2 = (l  l)2 + (m m)2 +(n + n)2
lic  cos2 + cos2 + cos2
2
=1
= 4m2 + 4n2 1  cos 
 2cos2 + =1
BC = (l + l)2 + (m  m)2 +(n n)2
2
2
= 4l2 + 4n2  4 cos2 + cos  1 = 0
ub
CA = (l + l)2 + (m m)2 +(n  n)2
2
1  1  16 1  17
= 4l2 + 4m2  cos  = 
2(4) 8
AB2  BC2  CA 2
 If  is acute, then cos  is positive.
l 2  m2  n 2
P

17  1
4m 2  4n 2  4l 2  4n 2  4l 2  4m 2  cos  =
= 8
l 2  m2  n 2
l 2
 m2  n 2  21. (B) The given equations are
et

=8 6mn  2nl + 5lm = 0, and ….(i)

l 2  m2  n 2
=8 3l + m + 5n = 0
 m = –3l  5n ….(ii)
19. (A) A(1, 0, 3) Substituting value of m in equation (i),
rg

we get
6(3l  5n)n  2nl + 5l(– 3l  5n) = 0
 18ln  30n2  2nl  15l2  25nl = 0
Ta

 15l2 + 45ln + 30n2 = 0

 l2 + 3ln + 2n2 = 0
B(4, 7, 1) D C(3, 5, 3)  (l + n)(l + 2n) = 0
Let D be the foot of perpendicular and let it  l = n or l = 2n
divide BC in the ratio  : 1 internally If l = n, then m = 2n
l n m n
 3  4 5  7 3  1    and 
 D  , ,  1 1 2 1
  1  1  1 
l m n
AD = d  a   
1 2 1
 3  4  ˆ  5  7  ˆ  3  1  ˆ ˆ ˆ  d.r.s. of the 1st line are 1, 2, 1.
= i    j  k  i  3k
  1    1    1  If l = 2n, then m = n
 2  3  ˆ  5  7  ˆ  2  ˆ l n m n
= i    j k   and 
  1    1    1 2 1 1 1

47
 

MHT-CET Triumph Maths (Solutions)

l m n r2 (l2 + m2 + n2) = 36 + 9 + 4
  
2 1 1 r2 = 49 ….[ l2 + m2 + n2 = 1]
 d.r.s. of the 2nd line are 2, 1, 1. r=7
1  ( 2)  2  1  ( 1)  1 6 3 2
 cos  = Now, d.c.s. of line are , ,
1  2  ( 1)
2 2 2
( 2)  1  1
2 2 2 r r r
6 3 
2  2  1 i.e., , , .
= 7 7 7
6 6

= 1
6
 1 
  = cos1  
 6

ns
22. (B) Since (l  m)2  0
 l2  2lm + m2  0
 l2 + m2  2lm ….(i)
Similarly, m2 + n2  2mn ….(ii)

io
and n2 + l2  2nl ….(iii)
Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
2(l2 + m2 + n2)  2(lm + mn + nl)

at
 lm + mn + nl  1
 The maximum value of lm + mn + nl is 1.
23. (B) P is the midpoint of AC and BD.
Let S be the origin.
lic
SA + SC
 SP = and …(i)
2
ub
SB + SD
SP = ...(ii)
2
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
SA + SC SB + SD
2 SP = +
P

2 2
 SA + SB + SC + SD = 4 SP
=4
et

24. (A) Let  be the angle between a and b .

Given, a  b 1
2
rg

 a  b 1

 a  b  2a  b  1
2 2

2 2
Ta

 a  b  2 a b cos  1

 2  2 cos  = 1 …  a  b 1(given) 

1
 2 cos  = 1  cos  =
2

=
3
25. (C) Let the length of the line segment be r and its
direction cosines be l, m, n.
 The projections on the co-ordinate axes are lr, mr,
nr.
 lr = 6, mr = 3 and nr = 2
 l2r2 + m2r2 + n2r2 = (6)2 + (3)2 + (2)2

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